Journal of hazardous materials advances最新文献_第5页

Microplastic partitioning in the coastal waters and atmosphere of the Persian Gulf, Iran 伊朗波斯湾沿海水域和大气中的微塑料分区

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.101001

Maryam Saemi-Komsari , Sajjad Abbasi , Andrew Turner

The dynamics of microplastics (MPs) in the coastal zone are highly complex. In this study, MPs have been determined in air, deposited dusts, seawater, sea foam and the sea surface microlayer (SML) of the Persian Gulf during winter and summer, along with measurements of major seawater ions. MPs were mainly fibres of various sizes and colours and consisted of thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomers, resins and synthetic rubbers. Estimated settling velocities of MPs in the lower atmosphere were 25 – 36 m h⁻¹ and there was a distinct enrichment of MPs in the SML relative to underlying seawater by factors of ∼ 10² - 10³ (assuming an SML thickness of 1000 μm) and in foam relative to seawater of ∼ 10². This suggests that the SML is an important environment for the accumulation of MPs, but with a significant fraction lost through bubble ejection and breaking waves. Calculations based on fibre abundance and the percentage of fine (< 100 μm) MPs revealed evidence of differences in distribution patterns among the different sample media and between winter and summer. Reasons for fractionation are unclear but a correlation between the percentage of fibres and concentration ratios involving Ca²⁺, the only seawater ion exhibiting non-conservative distributions, suggests they are at least partly related to biogeochemical processes in the regional coastal zone.

海岸带微塑料（MPs）的动态非常复杂。在这项研究中，MPs在冬季和夏季在波斯湾的空气、沉积的粉尘、海水、海泡沫和海面微层（SML）中进行了测定，同时对主要的海水离子进行了测量。MPs主要是各种尺寸和颜色的纤维，由热塑性塑料、热塑性弹性体、树脂和合成橡胶组成。估计低层大气中MPs的沉降速度为25 - 36 m h - 1， SML中MPs相对于下层海水的富集系数为~ 102 - 103（假设SML厚度为1000 μm），泡沫中MPs相对于海水的富集系数为~ 102。这表明SML是MPs积累的重要环境，但通过气泡喷射和破波损失了很大一部分。基于纤维丰度和细（< 100 μm） MPs百分比的计算揭示了不同样品介质之间以及冬季和夏季之间分布模式差异的证据。分选的原因尚不清楚，但纤维百分比与钙离子（唯一表现出非保守分布的海水离子）的浓度比之间的相关性表明，它们至少部分与区域海岸带的生物地球化学过程有关。

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引用次数: 0

A review of in-situ technologies for enhancement of the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and mitigation of membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors 膜生物反应器中增强药物和个人护理产品（PPCPs）去除和缓解膜污染的原位技术综述

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100976

Tanissorn Buakaew , Chavalit Ratanatamskul

The widespread presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater, along with the persistent issue of membrane fouling, has intensified the demand for enhanced membrane bioreactor (MBR) performance. This review critically evaluates in-situ technologies designed to improve PPCP removal while reducing membrane fouling within MBR systems. Strategies include MBR configuration modifications, optimization of operational parameters, microbial manipulation approaches, and the dosing of exogenous physicochemical additives (e.g., activated carbon, coagulants, iron-based compounds). Furthermore, advanced techniques such as electrically assisted MBR, advanced oxidation process (AOP) assisted MBRs, and the development of novel membrane materials and surface coatings are discussed for their dual functionalities in pollutant removal and fouling resistance. Each approach presents specific advantages and limitations in terms of removal efficiency, operational complexity, cost, and environmental impact. This review emphasizes the importance of integrating multiple strategies in a synergistic manner, supported by intelligent monitoring, automation, and sustainability principles. Future advancements should focus on hybrid systems that combine biological, chemical, and physical enhancements with cost-effective and energy-efficient operation, paving the way for next-generation MBR technologies capable of delivering high-performance, low-impact wastewater treatment.

废水中广泛存在的药品和个人护理产品（PPCPs），以及持续存在的膜污染问题，加剧了对增强膜生物反应器（MBR）性能的需求。这篇综述批判性地评估了原位技术，旨在提高PPCP去除，同时减少MBR系统中的膜污染。策略包括MBR配置修改、操作参数优化、微生物操作方法和外源物理化学添加剂（如活性炭、混凝剂、铁基化合物）的剂量。此外，还讨论了电辅助MBR、高级氧化工艺（AOP）辅助MBR等先进技术，以及新型膜材料和表面涂层的发展，因为它们具有去除污染物和抗污染的双重功能。每种方法在去除效率、操作复杂性、成本和环境影响方面都有各自的优点和局限性。这篇综述强调了在智能监测、自动化和可持续性原则的支持下，以协同方式整合多种战略的重要性。未来的发展应该集中在将生物、化学和物理增强与成本效益和节能操作相结合的混合系统上，为能够提供高性能、低影响废水处理的下一代MBR技术铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of interaction between particulate matter and sunlight duration on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia 颗粒物与日照时间相互作用对新生儿高胆红素血症的影响

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101021

Jing-Jing Xu , Cheng Li , Si-Wei Zhang , Yanhui Hao , He-Feng Huang , Xia Meng , Haidong Kan , Yan-Ting Wu

While the associations among particulate matters (PMs) exposure and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) have been studied, the potential protective effect role of perinatal sunlight exposure and its interaction with PMs on NHB remains unclear. Thus, we designed this study to investigate the impact of maternal PMs exposure and sunlight duration on NHB. We included 155,970 pregnant women and their singleton newborns (without ABO hemolytic disease) from two major obstetric hospitals in Shanghai. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the effects of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5–10, daily sunlight duration, and their interactive effects on NHB during different periods throughout the pregnancy. Our findings reveal that the risk of NHB was associated with increased exposure levels of PM_2.5–10 (aOR: 1.081; 95%CI: 1.022, 1.144) and PM₁₀ (aOR: 1.046; 95%CI: 1.018, 1.074) and decreased sunlight duration (aOR: 0.900; 95%CI: 0.870, 0.932) during the 3^rd trimester. While NHB was not directly linked to PM_2.5 exposure alone (aOR: 1.025, 95%CI: 0.988, 1.063), we identified a significant interaction between reduced sunlight duration and increased PM_2.5 exposure during the 3^rd trimester (P _{for interaction}<0.001), as well as with PM_2.5–10 (P _{for interaction}=0.030) and PM₁₀ (P _{for interaction}=0.032). In conclusion, increased PM_2.5–10 and PM₁₀ exposure and decreased sunlight duration during late pregnancy were associated with NHB. Moreover, reduced sunlight duration had an interactive effect with increased concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5–10 on the incidence of NHB. Therefore, mitigating PMs exposure and ensuring adequate sunlight during pregnancy may help reduce the incidence of NHB.

虽然已经研究了颗粒物（pm）暴露与新生儿高胆红素血症（NHB）之间的关系，但围产期阳光暴露及其与pm对高胆红素血症的相互作用的潜在保护作用尚不清楚。因此，我们设计了本研究来研究母体pmms暴露和日照时间对NHB的影响。我们纳入了来自上海两家主要产科医院的155,970名孕妇及其单胎新生儿（无ABO溶血性疾病）。采用广义线性模型评估了PM2.5、PM10和PM2.5 - 10、每日日照时间以及它们在妊娠不同时期对NHB的交互影响。我们的研究结果显示，NHB的风险与妊娠晚期PM2.5-10 （aOR: 1.081; 95%CI: 1.022, 1.144）和PM10 （aOR: 1.046; 95%CI: 1.018, 1.074）暴露水平的增加和日照时间的减少（aOR: 0.900; 95%CI: 0.870, 0.932）有关。虽然NHB与PM2.5暴露没有直接联系（aOR: 1.025, 95%CI: 0.988, 1.063），但我们发现，在妊娠晚期，日照时间减少与PM2.5暴露增加之间存在显著的相互作用（P为相互作用<；0.001），以及PM2.5 - 10 （P为相互作用=0.030）和PM10 （P为相互作用=0.032）。综上所述，妊娠后期PM2.5-10和PM10暴露增加以及日照时间减少与NHB有关。此外，日照时间的减少与PM2.5、PM10和PM2.5 - 10浓度的增加对NHB的发病率有交互作用。因此，在怀孕期间减少pmms暴露和确保充足的阳光可能有助于减少NHB的发病率。

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引用次数: 0

High-efficiency glufosinate ammonium degradation by Dunaliella salina: Discovery and preliminary mechanistic insights Dunaliella salina高效降解草铵膦：发现和初步机制见解

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101029

Xuehua Liu , Xue Li , Wenhui Gu , Kun Sun , Yuechang Li , Xi Qiang , Lijun Wang , Xiujun Xie , Shan Gao , Xulei Wang , Li Huan , Qi Qiu , Guangce Wang

Glufosinate ammonium (GA), a widely used organophosphorus herbicide, poses significant environmental risks due to its high solubility and chemical stability. Once introduced into aquatic ecosystems via surface runoff, GA can accumulate and persist, particularly in hypersaline environments. This study explores the biodegradation efficiency and underlying mechanisms of GA degradation by Dunaliella salina under hypersaline conditions. The findings revealed that D. salina exhibited a maximum GA tolerance of 0.8 mg/mL and effectively reduced GA concentrations from 0.194 mg/mL to 0.016 mg/mL within three days, achieving a degradation efficiency of 91.74 %. Notably, the GA degradation efficiency of D. salina displayed a broad salinity tolerance, with degradation rates being influenced by cell density and light intensity. Exposure to GA induced acetyltransferase-related, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT)-immunoreactive signals in D. salina, suggesting the involvement of GA-responsive acetyltransferase-associated processes. In addition, physiological assays, nutrient utilization experiments, transcriptomic analyses, and phosphate-dynamics measurements indicate that D. salina can utilize GA as a phosphorus source, potentially involving carbon–phosphorus bond cleavage. Transcriptomic profiling further identified coordinated regulation of genes related to glutamine metabolism, antioxidant defense, polyamine biosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism, reflecting adaptive metabolic responses to GA-induced stress. Collectively, this study provides the first evidence that D. salina can reduce GA toxicity in hypersaline environments. Multiple biological responses, including GA-derived phosphorus utilization and acetyltransferase-related stress responses, play an important role in GA degradation. These findings advance our understanding of the adaptive metabolic network of D. salina and offer foundational insights for developing bioremediation strategies for herbicide-contaminated saline water bodies.

•在天然海水中，3天内草铵脱除率可达90%以上•GA可在较宽的盐度范围（30-200‰）内降解•GA暴露可诱导乙酰转移酶相关反应•GA衍生的磷利用有助于降低草铵铵（GA）的毒性，GA是一种广泛使用的有机磷除草剂。由于其高溶解度和化学稳定性，造成重大的环境风险。赤霉素一旦通过地表径流进入水生生态系统，就会积累并持续存在，特别是在高盐环境中。本研究探讨了盐杜氏藻在高盐条件下降解GA的生物效率和潜在机制。结果表明，D. salina对GA的最大耐受性为0.8 mg/mL，在3 d内将GA浓度从0.194 mg/mL有效降低至0.016 mg/mL，降解效率为91.74%。值得注意的是，D. salina的GA降解效率表现出广泛的耐盐性，降解速率受细胞密度和光照强度的影响。暴露于GA诱导盐藻中乙酰转移酶相关的、磷酸钠丙氨酸乙酰转移酶（PAT）免疫反应信号，表明GA反应性乙酰转移酶相关过程的参与。此外，生理分析、营养利用实验、转录组学分析和磷酸盐动力学测量表明，盐藻可以利用GA作为磷源，可能参与碳磷键的裂解。转录组学分析进一步确定了谷氨酰胺代谢、抗氧化防御、多胺生物合成和碳水化合物代谢相关基因的协调调节，反映了ga诱导应激的适应性代谢反应。总的来说，这项研究提供了第一个证据，证明盐藻可以减少GA在高盐环境中的毒性。多种生物反应，包括GA来源的磷利用和乙酰转移酶相关的应激反应，在GA降解中起重要作用。这些发现促进了我们对d.s ulina的适应性代谢网络的理解，并为制定除草剂污染咸水水体的生物修复策略提供了基础见解。

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引用次数: 0

Removal of tetracycline from water using immobilized laccase on polyvinyl alcohol-gum Arabic hydrogel nanocomposites 聚乙烯醇-阿拉伯胶水凝胶纳米复合材料固定化漆酶去除水中四环素的研究

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100954

Naghmeh Taghizadeh , Shohreh Ariaeenejad , Elaheh Motamedi

This study explored the synthesis of the hydrogel nanocomposite based on gum Arabic (GA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) reinforced with Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles incorporated onto nanocellulose (NC-Fe). The water absorbencies of the hydrogels varied from 33.1 to 217.1 g/g, depending on Fe/NC and cross-linker content, as well as PVA molecular weight. The SEM images of the hydrogels revealed that the presence of Fe/NC led to smaller pores in the hydrogel matrix (i.e., pore size range of 6.9–50 µm in hydrogel nanocomposite vs. 8.3–63.3 μm in the pristine hydrogel). The immobilization of a metagenomic laccase (PersiLac3) onto the hydrogels provided an efficient, innovative, and multi-functional system for the removal of the antibiotic tetracycline (TC) from water. Immobilizing PersiLac3 on both the pristine hydrogel (PVA-GA-hydrogel) and the hydrogel nanocomposite (PVA-GA-hydrogel/NC-Fe) remarkably boosted its performance in TC removal compared to the free enzyme. At an initial TC concentration of 500 mg/L, the maximum removal reached 83 %, 67 %, and 38 % for PersiLac3@PVA-GA-hydrogel/NC-Fe, PersiLac3@PVA-GA-hydrogel, and the free PersiLac3, respectively, within 60 min. Moreover, the TC removal performance of the neat hydrogels (48 % for PVA-GA-hydrogel/NC-Fe and 17 % for PVA-GA-hydrogel) suggested that the antibiotic was eliminated through the combined processes of adsorption by the hydrogels and enzymatic degradation by PersiLac3. Addition of NC-Fe in the hydrogel played a bi-functional role in TC removal: it reduced the pore size, thereby increasing TC sorption by the hydrogel, and it acted as a Fenton-like catalyst in TC degradation. Finally, the immobilized enzyme demonstrated superior stability in harsh environments compared to the free enzyme, removing 70 % of TC after six consecutive runs. This is the first report on the potential application of the bio-based PVA–GA/Fe–NC hydrogel as a robust, reusable, and eco-friendly carrier for metagenomic laccase in antibiotic degradation, offering a novel strategy for sustainable water treatment.

本研究探索了以阿拉伯胶（GA）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）为基础的水凝胶纳米复合材料的合成，并将Fe2O3纳米颗粒掺入纳米纤维素（NC-Fe）中。水凝胶的吸水率在33.1 ~ 217.1 g/g之间变化，取决于Fe/NC和交联剂的含量，以及PVA的分子量。水凝胶的SEM图像显示，Fe/NC的存在导致水凝胶基质中的孔隙变小（即水凝胶纳米复合材料的孔径范围为6.9-50 μm，而原始水凝胶的孔径范围为8.3-63.3 μm）。将宏基因组漆酶（PersiLac3）固定在水凝胶上，为从水中去除抗生素四环素（TC）提供了一种高效、创新和多功能的系统。与游离酶相比，将PersiLac3固定在原始水凝胶（pva - ga -水凝胶）和纳米复合水凝胶（pva - ga -水凝胶/NC-Fe）上显著提高了其去除TC的性能。初始TC浓度为500 mg/L时，对PersiLac3@PVA-GA-hydrogel/NC-Fe、PersiLac3@PVA-GA-hydrogel和游离PersiLac3的去除率分别在60 min内达到83%、67%和38%。此外，纯水凝胶的TC去除性能（pva - ga -水凝胶/NC-Fe为48%，pva - ga -水凝胶为17%）表明，通过水凝胶吸附和PersiLac3酶降解的联合过程，抗生素被消除了。在水凝胶中加入NC-Fe对TC的去除具有双重功能：减小了孔隙大小，从而增加了水凝胶对TC的吸附；同时在TC的降解中起到了类芬顿催化剂的作用。最后，与游离酶相比，固定化酶在恶劣环境中表现出更好的稳定性，在连续六次运行后去除70%的TC。本文首次报道了生物基PVA-GA / Fe-NC水凝胶作为宏基因组漆酶在抗生素降解中的强大、可重复使用和环保载体的潜在应用，为可持续水处理提供了一种新的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and characterization of gamma irradiated magnetic biochar derived from rice straw and grafting with (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) hydrogel for removing methylene blue dye 水稻秸秆γ辐照磁性生物炭的合成与表征及（丙烯酸-共丙烯酰胺）水凝胶接枝去除亚甲基蓝染料

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100998

Ramy S. Elnagar , Taha M.A. Razek , Hagar A. Nawar , Sherif F. Mohamed

In this study, acid-activated biochar derived from rice straw was combined with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles using the co-precipitation method, followed by grafting with acrylic acid (AAc) and acrylamide (AAm) at different monomer ratios of 70:30 (RS4), 50:50 (RS5), and 30:70 (RS6) by ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation at a dose of 15 kGy. The aim was to develop magnetic copolymer hydrogel adsorbents with enhanced swelling properties and capacity for methylene blue (MB) dye removal. The synthesized adsorbents were thoroughly characterized using FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM–EDX, TEM, VSM, BET analysis, zeta potential measurements, and particle size distribution (PSD). The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) were 467.31 mg/g (RS4), 478.82 mg/g (RS5), and 271.73 mg/g (RS6) under optimal conditions of 180 min contact time, a temperature of 25 °C, an adsorbent dosage NN of 25 mg, pH 7, and a 100 mg/L initial dye concentration. Kinetic data was best fitted by the nonlinear pseudo-second order (PSO) model, indicating that adsorption was primarily governed by the availability of active sites. The Freundlich isotherm provided a better fit for RS4 and RS5, suggesting heterogeneous multilayer adsorption, whereas RS6 followed the Langmuir isotherm, reflecting a more uniform surface. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG) confirmed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The findings demonstrate that tuning the AAc/AAm ratio during γ-irradiation is an effective method for optimizing the structural and adsorption properties of magnetic biochar hydrogel composites for efficient dye removal.

在本研究中，采用共沉淀法将稻草酸活化的生物炭与Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒结合，然后在15 kGy的26⁰Co γ辐射下，以70:30 （RS4）、50:50 （RS5）和30:70 （RS6）的不同单体比例与丙烯酸（AAc）和丙烯酰胺（AAm）接枝。目的是开发具有增强膨胀性能和亚甲基蓝（MB）染料去除能力的磁性共聚物水凝胶吸附剂。采用FTIR、拉曼光谱、XRD、SEM-EDX、TEM、VSM、BET分析、zeta电位测量和粒径分布（PSD）对合成的吸附剂进行了表征。在接触时间为180 min、温度为25℃、吸附剂用量NN为25 mg、pH为7、初始染料浓度为100 mg/L的条件下，最大吸附量qmax分别为467.31 mg/g （RS4）、478.82 mg/g （RS5）和271.73 mg/g （RS6）。动力学数据用非线性伪二阶（PSO）模型拟合得最好，表明吸附主要受活性位点的可用性控制。Freundlich等温线对RS4和RS5的吸附效果较好，表明其为非均相多层吸附，而RS6则符合Langmuir等温线，反映其表面更为均匀。热力学参数（ΔH， ΔS， ΔG）证实了吸附过程是自发的吸热过程。研究结果表明，调节γ辐照时的AAc/AAm比是优化磁性生物炭水凝胶复合材料结构和吸附性能的有效方法。

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引用次数: 0

Anthropogenic footprint and ecological risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments from Lake Victoria, East Africa 东非维多利亚湖沉积物中有机氯农药和多氯联苯的人为足迹及生态风险评价

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100979

Afuwa Kagoya , Kenneth Arinaitwe , Silver Odongo , Douglas Sifuna , Henry Matovu , Julius Matsiko , Godfrey Muhwezi , Ivan Špánik , Charles Drago Kato , Mika Sillanpaä , Patrick Ssebugere

Lake Victoria, the world’s second-largest freshwater lake, continues to face pressure from anthropogenic activities in its catchment area, releasing pollutants, which are ultimately trapped in the sediment core, thereby posing threats to aquatic organisms. This study quantified thirteen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and ten polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediments from the Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania sides of Lake Victoria using soxhlet method, fractionation column and GC–MS/MS analysis. Total (∑₁₃) OCPs levels were up to 412, 148, and 522 µg kg^-1 dry weight (d.w), and 12.1, 8.69 and 9.87 µg kg^-1 dw for total (∑₁₀) PCBs for sediments from Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania, respectively. Diagnostic ratios suggested past and ongoing use of OCPs while principal component analysis confirmed that OCP profiles were mainly due to their application in controlling pests in agriculture and public health programs, and PCB congeners were largely due to volatilization, degradation of higher PCBs into lighter PCBs, improper waste disposal of old transformers, hydraulic fluids, plasticizers, and capacitors. Ecological risk assessment highlighted that the PCB levels in sediments were below threshold effect and probable effect levels, but p,p′-DDD, and lindane were likely to pose adverse effects to sediment-dwelling organisms in Lake Victoria. These results imply persistent pollutant loads in Lake Victoria, and consequently, a need for its enhanced management.

维多利亚湖是世界第二大淡水湖，其集水区持续面临着人类活动的压力，释放出的污染物最终被困在沉积物核心，从而对水生生物构成威胁。采用索氏法、分馏柱法和GC-MS /MS法对维多利亚湖乌干达、肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚沿岸沉积物中的13种有机氯农药（OCPs）和10种多氯联苯（PCBs）进行了定量分析。乌干达、肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚沉积物的总（∑13）PCBs含量分别为412、148和522µg kg-1干重（d.w），总（∑10）PCBs含量分别为12.1、8.69和9.87µg kg-1 dw。诊断比率表明过去和正在使用OCP，而主成分分析证实OCP主要是由于其在农业和公共卫生项目中控制害虫的应用，而PCB同源物主要是由于挥发，高含量多氯联苯降解为较轻的多氯联苯，旧变压器，液压油，增塑剂和电容器的不当废物处理。生态风险评估结果表明，沉积物中多氯联苯含量低于阈值效应和可能效应水平，但p、p ' -DDD和林丹可能对维多利亚湖沉积物生物产生不利影响。这些结果表明维多利亚湖的污染物负荷持续存在，因此需要加强对其的管理。

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引用次数: 0

Genotypic variation in physiological and molecular responses underpins differential germanium tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) 水稻（Oryza sativa L.）生理和分子反应的基因型变异支持锗的差异耐受

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100978

Saireen Ahsen , Shuxin Tu , Muhammad Ahmad Javeed , Khurram Shehzad , Muhammad Baqir Hussain

Germanium (Ge) exhibits dual effects in plants, ranging from beneficial to toxic, depending on its concentration and the plant genotype. A germination-based screening of 18 diverse rice varieties identified TXY2115 and CLY669 as tolerant, and ZXY1205 and ZZY8 as sensitive to Ge stress. This study elucidates the physiological and molecular mechanisms underpinning this differential tolerance under escalating Ge stress (0–40 mg l^-1). The tolerant genotypes effectively mitigated Ge toxicity, sustaining superior growth, higher biomass, and preserving photosynthetic function, evidenced by 18–25 % higher stomatal conductance. This superior photosynthetic function, despite similar percent reductions in total chlorophyll content (56 % in tolerant vs. 54 % in sensitive varieties at 40 mg l^-1 Ge), is explained by two key traits: (1) tolerant varieties retained a higher chlorophyll a/b ratio (1.8 ± 0.1 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1 in sensitive genotypes), preserving photosystem II (PSII) stability, and (2) stronger coupling between stomatal conductance (Gs) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) (r = 0.83, p < 0.01), as observed in arsenic-tolerant rice. The cornerstone of their tolerance was a preemptive and highly coordinated antioxidant defense system. This was characterized by a significantly enhanced capacity to activate antioxidant enzymes (11–40 % higher Superoxide Dismutase,(SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activity), boost key metabolites like glutathione (33 % higher root GSH), and strongly upregulate the expression of core antioxidant genes (OsSOD1 and OsCAT1). This robust multi-level response effectively curtailed oxidative damage, resulting in 37–53 % lower ROS and 45–58 % lower Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels than the sensitive varieties at high Ge concentrations. This research provides a critical framework for assessing Ge’s role in agriculture, its mitigation, and identifies specific targets for breeding crops resilient to Ge stress or suitable for Ge biofortification.

锗（Ge）在植物中表现出双重作用，根据其浓度和植物基因型的不同，既有有益作用，也有毒性作用。通过对18个不同水稻品种的发芽筛选，发现TXY2115和CLY669对Ge胁迫具有耐受性，而ZXY1205和ZZY8对Ge胁迫敏感。本研究阐明了在不断升高的Ge胁迫（0-40 mg -1）下这种差异耐受性的生理和分子机制。耐受性基因型有效减轻了Ge毒性，维持了较好的生长，较高的生物量，并保持了光合功能，气孔导度提高了18 - 25%。尽管总叶绿素含量在40 mg l-1 Ge下降低了相似的百分比（耐受性品种为56%，敏感性品种为54%），但这种优越的光合功能可以用两个关键性状来解释：(1)耐砷品种保持了较高的叶绿素a/b比（敏感基因型为1.8±0.1比1.4±0.1），保持了光系统II （PSII）的稳定性；(2)气孔导度（Gs）与净光合速率（Pn）之间的耦合更强（r = 0.83, p < 0.01），在耐砷水稻中观察到。他们的耐受性的基石是一个先发制人和高度协调的抗氧化防御系统。其特点是显著增强了抗氧化酶的激活能力（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性提高了11 - 40%），提高了关键代谢物如谷胱甘肽（根GSH提高了33%），并强烈上调了核心抗氧化基因（OsSOD1和OsCAT1）的表达。这种强大的多层次反应有效地减少了氧化损伤，导致ROS水平比高Ge浓度下的敏感品种低37 - 53%，丙二醛（MDA）水平低45 - 58%。这项研究为评估Ge在农业中的作用及其缓解提供了一个关键框架，并确定了培育抗Ge胁迫或适合Ge生物强化的作物的具体目标。

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引用次数: 0

Optimized mechanical performances of eco-friendly particulate wood-plastic composites using poplar, cypress, and Platanaceae: Enhancing tensile, flexural, and impact strength 以杨树、柏树、杏树科为原料，优化环保颗粒木塑复合材料的力学性能：增强拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101011

Yasir A. Abdullah , Taher Azdast , Ali Doniavi , Rezgar Hasanzadeh

Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) are recognized for their long lifespan, lightweight design, good resistance to corrosion and moisture, and eco-friendliness. They are ideal for various applications, making significant contributions to the industry. WPCs samples were manufactured using different weights and particle sizes for three types of wood: poplar, cypress, and Platanaceae. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and maleic anhydride (MAPE) were added in specific proportions to produce WPCs using the Taguchi design of experiments. Injection-molded samples were obtained through the injection molding process. Additionally, pure samples of HDPE were prepared for comparison with the polymer composites. The main effects of the signal-to-noise ratio analysis and the optimal values for each mechanical property (tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural strength, and impact strength) were determined. ANOVA results showed that the wood type significantly affected tensile strength, while the weight ratio and particle size had no statistical significance. The types of wood had a noticeable and statistically significant effect on flexural strength, with a contribution of 71.28%, followed by the weight ratio, with a contribution of 11.66%, and the particle size, with a contribution of 2.58%. Additionally, the weight ratio significantly influenced the elongation at break and impact resistance tests. Predictive optimized mechanical characteristic values were calculated, showing that the predictive values were in acceptable agreement with the experimental values with errors smaller than 5%. Optimized tensile strength of 39.94 MPa, elongation at break of 18.41%, flexural strength of 51.71 MPa, and impact strength of 19.27 kJ/m² were achieved.

木塑复合材料（wpc）以其长寿命、轻量化设计、良好的耐腐蚀和防潮性以及生态友好性而闻名。它们是各种应用的理想选择，为行业做出了重大贡献。WPCs样品使用不同的重量和颗粒大小为三种类型的木材：杨木，柏木和铂科。采用田口实验设计，按一定比例加入高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）和马来酸酐（MAPE）制备wpc。通过注射成型工艺获得注射成型样品。此外，制备了纯HDPE样品，并与聚合物复合材料进行了比较。确定了信噪比分析的主要影响因素和各力学性能（抗拉强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度和冲击强度）的最佳值。方差分析结果显示，木材类型对抗拉强度有显著影响，而重量比和粒径对抗拉强度的影响无统计学意义。木材的种类对抗弯强度的影响显著且具有统计学意义，其贡献为71.28%，其次是重量比，贡献为11.66%，其次是粒度，贡献为2.58%。此外，重量比对断裂伸长率和抗冲击性能有显著影响。计算了预测优化力学特性值，结果表明，预测值与实验值吻合较好，误差小于5%。优化后的抗拉强度为39.94 MPa，断裂伸长率为18.41%，抗弯强度为51.71 MPa，冲击强度为19.27 kJ/m2。

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引用次数: 0

Does tourism enhance microplastic pollution in the ecologically critical areas of Bangladesh? Evidence from Tanguar Haor, Kaptai Lake, and the Sundarbans 旅游业是否加剧了孟加拉国生态关键地区的微塑料污染？来自坦瓜哈尔、卡普太湖和孙德尔本斯的证据

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100929

Md.Anamul Hassan, D.M.Salah Mahmud, Mashura Shammi, Shafi M. Tareq

Microplastic (MP) pollution is a growing environmental threat, particularly in ecologically sensitive and biodiverse aquatic ecosystems. This study assessed the abundance, composition, and potential sources of MPs at three prominent tourist destinations in Bangladesh: Tanguar Haor, Kaptai Lake, and Sundarbans. A total of 60 surface water samples (20 per site) were collected and analyzed using density separation followed by visual identification. The results showed that the abundance of MPs in the Sundarbans was 23.25 ± 2.55 particles/L, followed by Kaptai Lake at 12.00 ± 1.22 particles/L, and Tanguar Haor at 9.42 ± 1.10 particles/L. The polymer types were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, with polyethylene terephthalate being common across all locations. Environmental risk was evaluated using multiple indices including the Pollution Load Index (PLI), Polymeric Risk Assessment (PRA), Pollution Risk Index (PRI), and Polymeric Hazard Index (PHI), which indicate varying levels of ecological threat. These findings highlight the influence of tourism and associated anthropogenic activities on MP contamination in these ecologically critical areas. This study emphasizes the urgent need to promote eco-tourism, implement targeted mitigation strategies, improve waste management, and establish long-term monitoring programs to protect vulnerable ecosystems from increasing MP pollution.

微塑料污染是日益严重的环境威胁，特别是在生态敏感和生物多样性的水生生态系统中。本研究评估了孟加拉国三个著名旅游目的地：坦瓜哈尔、卡帕泰湖和孙德尔本斯的MPs的丰度、组成和潜在来源。共采集60份地表水样本（每个站点20份），采用密度分离法和目视识别法进行分析。结果表明，孙德尔本斯的MPs丰度为23.25±2.55粒/L，其次是Kaptai湖（12.00±1.22粒/L）和tananguar Haor湖（9.42±1.10粒/L）。聚合物类型通过傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱进行了确认，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯在所有地点都很常见。采用污染负荷指数（PLI）、聚合风险评估指数（PRA）、污染风险指数（PRI）和聚合危害指数（PHI）等指标对生态威胁程度进行评价。这些发现强调了旅游业和相关的人为活动对这些生态关键地区的多聚磷污染的影响。本研究强调迫切需要促进生态旅游，实施有针对性的缓解战略，改善废物管理，建立长期监测计划，以保护脆弱的生态系统免受日益增加的MP污染。

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引用次数: 0