Aim: Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) was originally designed for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder but has more recently been applied to the cerebral palsy population who also have disorders of motor function and executive function. The aim of this review was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of CO-OP in the cerebral palsy population. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify studies on CO-OP for people with cerebral palsy, using the Medline, CINAHL and ERIC databases between 22 June and 30 June 2021. Results: The search elicited 44 citations, of which 8 studies met eligibility. Five were observational studies (three of five Single Case Experimental Design), three were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), measuring the effects of CO-OP in 100 people with cerebral palsy. Since CO-OP was repurposed to cerebral palsy, initial studies focussed on feasibility, acceptability and J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (3): 177-193 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050077 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 178 preliminary efficacy, and consequently sample sizes were small with high risk of bias. Pooled findings from RCTs indicate CO-OP produces greater gains in goal achievement than to body functions and structure intervention (Standardised Mean Difference 0.86 [95% Confidence Interval 0.20-1.52]). Conclusions: Findings suggest preliminary efficacy of CO-OP for cerebral palsy compared to body functions and structure interventions for goal attainment, with CO-OP having comparable efficacy to other activitiesbased interventions. More clinical trials with adequate power and an individual patient meta-analysis are
{"title":"Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) Intervention for People with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis","authors":"H. Gimeno, M. Jackman, I. Novak","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050077","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) was originally designed for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder but has more recently been applied to the cerebral palsy population who also have disorders of motor function and executive function. The aim of this review was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of CO-OP in the cerebral palsy population. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify studies on CO-OP for people with cerebral palsy, using the Medline, CINAHL and ERIC databases between 22 June and 30 June 2021. Results: The search elicited 44 citations, of which 8 studies met eligibility. Five were observational studies (three of five Single Case Experimental Design), three were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), measuring the effects of CO-OP in 100 people with cerebral palsy. Since CO-OP was repurposed to cerebral palsy, initial studies focussed on feasibility, acceptability and J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (3): 177-193 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050077 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 178 preliminary efficacy, and consequently sample sizes were small with high risk of bias. Pooled findings from RCTs indicate CO-OP produces greater gains in goal achievement than to body functions and structure intervention (Standardised Mean Difference 0.86 [95% Confidence Interval 0.20-1.52]). Conclusions: Findings suggest preliminary efficacy of CO-OP for cerebral palsy compared to body functions and structure interventions for goal attainment, with CO-OP having comparable efficacy to other activitiesbased interventions. More clinical trials with adequate power and an individual patient meta-analysis are","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37473/dac/10.1101/2020.05.06.20093666
Marcelo Domingos Marchesin
. In this paper we use the simple logistic mathematical model to represent the development of COVID-19 epidemic in S˜ao Paulo city under quarantine regime and we estimate the total amount of time it is necessary to decrease the number of seriously ill in order to reduce the demand for ICU hospital beds to tolerable levels. Clearly the same reasoning used here can be used for any other city in similar conditions.
{"title":"Taming Covid-19 Epidemic in São Paulo with a Logistic Model and Non-Pharmaceutical Measures","authors":"Marcelo Domingos Marchesin","doi":"10.37473/dac/10.1101/2020.05.06.20093666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37473/dac/10.1101/2020.05.06.20093666","url":null,"abstract":". In this paper we use the simple logistic mathematical model to represent the development of COVID-19 epidemic in S˜ao Paulo city under quarantine regime and we estimate the total amount of time it is necessary to decrease the number of seriously ill in order to reduce the demand for ICU hospital beds to tolerable levels. Clearly the same reasoning used here can be used for any other city in similar conditions.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69745416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bhamani, Vardah Bharuchi, N. Ali, Dawood Ahmed, A. Makhdoom, Falak Zehra Mohsin, Ramla Hashmi, Sanober Nadeem, Hijaan Mitha, Alyza Muhammad, Mohsina Hussain, F. Shafiq, A. Saleem, Lumaan Sheikh
COVID-19 affected many lives, number of children become stressful and socially isolated. School closure also has great impact on children’s social-emotional development and overall wellbeing. The aim of current study was to identify children’s reactions to COVID-19 and its impact on academic and social life. Qualitative participatory research design was used to assess children perception about COVID-19. Data were collected from parent’s interview and Children drawing. Three major themes include: Fear of the drastic changes, increased sense of responsibility, and gratitude for being at home with family was reported by the parents however children drawings revealed that most J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (3): 194-203 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050078 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 195 of the children felt unhappy and sad because of lock down they were missing things they were missing enjoyed earlier such as school, fiends and outdoor activities and games. This is astonished that most of the children drawn the COVID-19 virus and represented as giant and ugly. Few children also draw mask and other protective measures. Public awareness program on COVID-19 protection and mental health promotion of will be window of opportunity for children psychosocial wellbeing.
{"title":"How Children Perceive COVID-19? Kids Drawings and Perceptions of Parents","authors":"S. Bhamani, Vardah Bharuchi, N. Ali, Dawood Ahmed, A. Makhdoom, Falak Zehra Mohsin, Ramla Hashmi, Sanober Nadeem, Hijaan Mitha, Alyza Muhammad, Mohsina Hussain, F. Shafiq, A. Saleem, Lumaan Sheikh","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050078","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 affected many lives, number of children become stressful and socially isolated. School closure also has great impact on children’s social-emotional development and overall wellbeing. The aim of current study was to identify children’s reactions to COVID-19 and its impact on academic and social life. Qualitative participatory research design was used to assess children perception about COVID-19. Data were collected from parent’s interview and Children drawing. Three major themes include: Fear of the drastic changes, increased sense of responsibility, and gratitude for being at home with family was reported by the parents however children drawings revealed that most J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (3): 194-203 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050078 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 195 of the children felt unhappy and sad because of lock down they were missing things they were missing enjoyed earlier such as school, fiends and outdoor activities and games. This is astonished that most of the children drawn the COVID-19 virus and represented as giant and ugly. Few children also draw mask and other protective measures. Public awareness program on COVID-19 protection and mental health promotion of will be window of opportunity for children psychosocial wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mahon, Rachel C Blasiak, N. Simmons, D. Levanon
This article is focused on the description of a clinical case that showcases a rare association between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Our primary aim is to highlight this presentation at an atypical timing in the disease course, which necessitated escalation of treatment.
{"title":"Not All Perineal Lesions are Extra-Intestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","authors":"M. Mahon, Rachel C Blasiak, N. Simmons, D. Levanon","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050079","url":null,"abstract":"This article is focused on the description of a clinical case that showcases a rare association between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Our primary aim is to highlight this presentation at an atypical timing in the disease course, which necessitated escalation of treatment.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-17DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-124857/v1
A. Shamsah, Basma Al-Twari, Fatma Jamal, Latifa Al-farhan, Madawi Al-mass, Abdullah Al-majran, Sara Shamsah
BackgroundThis study aimed to find prevalence of use of smart devices in children aged five years or less and associated factors in KuwaitMethodsA cross-sectional study of 964 parents conducted by distributing a questionnaire. Following the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations for the smart devices use in children, our population was divided into two groups (less than 2 years old and 2-5 years old).Results Reported prevalence of use was 53.2% in children less than 2 years old and 86.3% in 2-5 years old. A significantly higher mean age of fathers was seen in children who used smart devices compared to those who did not in both age groups. The use of smart devices in children less than 2 years was significantly associated with Kuwaiti nationality, family income and governorate. In addition, the higher the family income, the more the use of smart devices. The highest use of smart devices was seen in Capital (60%) and Ahmadi (58.3%). While the lowest was seen in Jahra (30%). In both age groups, most of the parents who reported the smart devices use in their children knew that its use at early age might harm their child. ConclusionYoung children use of smart devices is prevalent in Kuwait. Campaigns need to be carried out to increase parents’ knowledge about the potential risks of smart devices on children’s brains and development.
{"title":"Prevalence of Use of Smart Devices in Children Aged Five Years or Less and Associated Factors in Kuwait","authors":"A. Shamsah, Basma Al-Twari, Fatma Jamal, Latifa Al-farhan, Madawi Al-mass, Abdullah Al-majran, Sara Shamsah","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-124857/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-124857/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 BackgroundThis study aimed to find prevalence of use of smart devices in children aged five years or less and associated factors in KuwaitMethodsA cross-sectional study of 964 parents conducted by distributing a questionnaire. Following the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations for the smart devices use in children, our population was divided into two groups (less than 2 years old and 2-5 years old).Results Reported prevalence of use was 53.2% in children less than 2 years old and 86.3% in 2-5 years old. A significantly higher mean age of fathers was seen in children who used smart devices compared to those who did not in both age groups. The use of smart devices in children less than 2 years was significantly associated with Kuwaiti nationality, family income and governorate. In addition, the higher the family income, the more the use of smart devices. The highest use of smart devices was seen in Capital (60%) and Ahmadi (58.3%). While the lowest was seen in Jahra (30%). In both age groups, most of the parents who reported the smart devices use in their children knew that its use at early age might harm their child. ConclusionYoung children use of smart devices is prevalent in Kuwait. Campaigns need to be carried out to increase parents’ knowledge about the potential risks of smart devices on children’s brains and development.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41767098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.22541/au.160157518.84491016
Vinod K Paul, V. Rathaur, Amanta L. Ittoop, Rajkumar Sananganba, N. Bhat, Monika Pathania
Abstract: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare and fatal systemic illness arising secondary to an immune dysregulation .Primary HLH is due to genetic defects and secondary HLH is caused due to unchecked macrophage recruitment following an acquired trigger. It is often diagnosed late in view of its rarity and similarities of presentation to sepsis and SIRS. A compelete curative solution to this problem is hematopoietic stem cell transplant, though secondary cases are often seen to have sustained remission with immune-chemotherapy COVID 19 has also been postulated to cause a HLH like scenario with blunted NK cell number and function. Recent advances in this field comprising of various immunosuppressant based regimens, myeloablative therapies preceding stem cell transplant and improved techniques of stem cell transplant have improved the outcomes. Here we try to present the pathogenesis, etiology, diagnostic criteria and the dilemmas, various treatment strategies, prognostic markers and the most recent researches regarding this rare disease.
{"title":"A scopic review on the diagnostic dilemmas and newer treatment modalities in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis","authors":"Vinod K Paul, V. Rathaur, Amanta L. Ittoop, Rajkumar Sananganba, N. Bhat, Monika Pathania","doi":"10.22541/au.160157518.84491016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.160157518.84491016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare and fatal systemic illness arising secondary to an immune dysregulation .Primary HLH is due to genetic defects and secondary HLH is caused due to unchecked macrophage recruitment following an acquired trigger. It is often diagnosed late in view of its rarity and similarities of presentation to sepsis and SIRS. A compelete curative solution to this problem is hematopoietic stem cell transplant, though secondary cases are often seen to have sustained remission with immune-chemotherapy COVID 19 has also been postulated to cause a HLH like scenario with blunted NK cell number and function. Recent advances in this field comprising of various immunosuppressant based regimens, myeloablative therapies preceding stem cell transplant and improved techniques of stem cell transplant have improved the outcomes. Here we try to present the pathogenesis, etiology, diagnostic criteria and the dilemmas, various treatment strategies, prognostic markers and the most recent researches regarding this rare disease.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42110189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-05DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-20693/v1
R. Kambale, G. Ngaboyeka, Joe Bwija Kasengi, Sarah Niyitegeka, Boss Rutakaza Cinkenye, Armanda Baruti, Kizito Chentwali Mutuga, D. Linden
Background In DRC, childhood undernutrition remains a serious public health concern. Internationally recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices may improve child nutritional status. This study aimed to describe IYCF practices, factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding, and infant’s nutritional status.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study including 1,009 mother-infant pair was conducted in August 2019 in 32 health areas (16 in rural health zone and 16 in urban one) of South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), among mothers who had infants under 24 months of age. Infant’s nutritional status was assessed using WHO Anthro plus software. To describe IYCF practices, we used the indicators recommended by the WHO. To study the factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding practices, we performed univariable and multiple logistic regression analyzes. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 25.Results The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age was 73.7% and 42.2% respectively. Of the 746 infants aged 6–23.9 months, 246 (32.3%) received appropriate complementary feeding. Of the 997 infants who had valid anthropometric parameters, 416 (41.7%) were well-nourished, 374 (37.5%) were undernourished and 207 (20.8%) were overweight. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that residence in rural area [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.38 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.49, 3.78)], non-attendance at postnatal care (AOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.12, 2.96), low household socioeconomic (AOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14, 2.59) and low maternal education (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.20, 2.77) were factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding. Mothers with inappropriate complementary feeding practices were 6.88 times more likely to have undernourished infants than their counterparts (AOR 6.88; 95% CI 1.24, 18.37).Conclusion Findings from this study provide strong evidence, both of association between inappropriate complementary feeding and undernutrition, and of the double burden of malnutrition with the co-existence of under- and overnutrition in the infant population in South Kivu. Interventions should focus on both preventing undernutrition and overweight to promote child well-being.
{"title":"Infant and young child feeding practices and nutritional status in two Health Zones of South Kivu, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: a community-based study.","authors":"R. Kambale, G. Ngaboyeka, Joe Bwija Kasengi, Sarah Niyitegeka, Boss Rutakaza Cinkenye, Armanda Baruti, Kizito Chentwali Mutuga, D. Linden","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-20693/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-20693/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background In DRC, childhood undernutrition remains a serious public health concern. Internationally recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices may improve child nutritional status. This study aimed to describe IYCF practices, factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding, and infant’s nutritional status.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study including 1,009 mother-infant pair was conducted in August 2019 in 32 health areas (16 in rural health zone and 16 in urban one) of South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), among mothers who had infants under 24 months of age. Infant’s nutritional status was assessed using WHO Anthro plus software. To describe IYCF practices, we used the indicators recommended by the WHO. To study the factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding practices, we performed univariable and multiple logistic regression analyzes. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 25.Results The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age was 73.7% and 42.2% respectively. Of the 746 infants aged 6–23.9 months, 246 (32.3%) received appropriate complementary feeding. Of the 997 infants who had valid anthropometric parameters, 416 (41.7%) were well-nourished, 374 (37.5%) were undernourished and 207 (20.8%) were overweight. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that residence in rural area [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.38 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.49, 3.78)], non-attendance at postnatal care (AOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.12, 2.96), low household socioeconomic (AOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14, 2.59) and low maternal education (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.20, 2.77) were factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding. Mothers with inappropriate complementary feeding practices were 6.88 times more likely to have undernourished infants than their counterparts (AOR 6.88; 95% CI 1.24, 18.37).Conclusion Findings from this study provide strong evidence, both of association between inappropriate complementary feeding and undernutrition, and of the double burden of malnutrition with the co-existence of under- and overnutrition in the infant population in South Kivu. Interventions should focus on both preventing undernutrition and overweight to promote child well-being.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49252952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Mechanical ventilation can be traumatic despite administration of sedatives. Sedation can mask uncontrolled pain for intubated patients and prevent them from communicating it. An optimal scoring system for sedation and analgesia can facilitate comparisons. Aims: Compare the COMFORT score performed by the nursing staff on paediatric mechanically ventilated patients to the one performed by the principal investigator. Settings and Design: This Prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Sixty five patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included. Methods and Material: COMFORT scoring was performed by the nursing staff in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) on all ventilated patients three times each day. The primary investigator performed the scoring at the same time, but independent of the staff, to enable comparison. Statistical analysis used: Statistical testing has been conducted with the statistical package version SPSS 20.0. For all statistical tests, a p value <0.05 will be taken to indicate a significant difference/association. Results: Our study showed significant difference in assessment of COMFORT score by the investigator and nursing staff. Of our patients, 44.6% were over sedated and 55.4% were optimally sedated. None were under sedated. No correlation was noted between the duration of intubation, age, gender, indication of intubation and type of cases with COMFORT score. However, significant association was found between COMFORT score and outcome of the patient, with lower scores for those who died in comparison to survivors. Conclusions: Presence of dedicated person for pain assessment can lead to more efficient management.
{"title":"Comparison of “Comfort” Score for Pain Performed by Nursing Staff and Primary Investigator in Paediatric Mechanically Ventilated Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Centre","authors":"K. Upasana, R. Chhabra, P. Maheshwari","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050053","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Mechanical ventilation can be traumatic despite administration of sedatives. Sedation can mask uncontrolled pain for intubated patients and prevent them from communicating it. An optimal scoring system for sedation and analgesia can facilitate comparisons. Aims: Compare the COMFORT score performed by the nursing staff on paediatric mechanically ventilated patients to the one performed by the principal investigator. Settings and Design: This Prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Sixty five patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included. Methods and Material: COMFORT scoring was performed by the nursing staff in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) on all ventilated patients three times each day. The primary investigator performed the scoring at the same time, but independent of the staff, to enable comparison. Statistical analysis used: Statistical testing has been conducted with the statistical package version SPSS 20.0. For all statistical tests, a p value <0.05 will be taken to indicate a significant difference/association. Results: Our study showed significant difference in assessment of COMFORT score by the investigator and nursing staff. Of our patients, 44.6% were over sedated and 55.4% were optimally sedated. None were under sedated. No correlation was noted between the duration of intubation, age, gender, indication of intubation and type of cases with COMFORT score. However, significant association was found between COMFORT score and outcome of the patient, with lower scores for those who died in comparison to survivors. Conclusions: Presence of dedicated person for pain assessment can lead to more efficient management.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Abstract Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia is one of the commonest abnormalities of the newborn which, if unrecognized may result in poor neurologic development, poor intellectual functions, seizures or even death. This study was therefore carried out to determine the prevalence of hypoglycaemia, its’ associated risk factors and clinical outcome among inborn neonates. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Unit of the Rivers State University teaching Hospital from April 2019 to March 2020. Results: Of the 468 neonates admitted, 71 (15.2%) had hypoglycaemia with M:F ratio of 1.6:1. Hypoglycaemia was more common with presentations on the first day of life, those who commenced breastfeeding from day 2 of admission and above and had hypothermia. The commonest clinical features in hypoglycaemic neonates were difficulty in breathing (45.1%), seizures (7.0%) and cyanosis (5.6%), although there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). Maternal risk
{"title":"Prevalence and Clinical Outcome of Inborn Neonates with Hypoglycaemia at the Point of Admission as seen in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria","authors":"West Ba, Aitafo Je","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050054","url":null,"abstract":". Abstract Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia is one of the commonest abnormalities of the newborn which, if unrecognized may result in poor neurologic development, poor intellectual functions, seizures or even death. This study was therefore carried out to determine the prevalence of hypoglycaemia, its’ associated risk factors and clinical outcome among inborn neonates. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Unit of the Rivers State University teaching Hospital from April 2019 to March 2020. Results: Of the 468 neonates admitted, 71 (15.2%) had hypoglycaemia with M:F ratio of 1.6:1. Hypoglycaemia was more common with presentations on the first day of life, those who commenced breastfeeding from day 2 of admission and above and had hypothermia. The commonest clinical features in hypoglycaemic neonates were difficulty in breathing (45.1%), seizures (7.0%) and cyanosis (5.6%), although there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). Maternal risk","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2020-10-10DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050049
Yigit Karasozen, Kazim A Sheikh, Pedro Mancias, Thy P Nguyen
2. Case Presentation Our patient is a 27 year old woman of Nicaraguan descent, who presented to to an orthopedist for toe walking at age 5. She was born to a 31 year old G2P2 mother via vaginal delivery after a full term, uncomplicated gestation. She met all early milestones for motor, language, cognitive, and social development until she started to show symptoms at the age of 4. Over the years, she developed progressive symptoms of muscle weakness with significant atrophy involving her distal arms and legs with development of bilateral pes cavus deformities, foot drop and significant intrinsic hand weakness.
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