Pub Date : 2021-02-16DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-334558/V1
E. Kostopoulou, A. Avgeri, S. Skiadopoulos, G. Dimitriou, I. Giannakopoulos
Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity in Greece is among the highest in Europe. Body composition may be used as a screening tool to identify children with excess weight and those at risk for developing metabolic complications. The aim of the study was to provide data on body composition indices from a large Greek pediatric population and investigate the possible association between these indices and obesity.Methods: 1453 schoolchildren, 51.2% males, aged 10-12 years old, were recruited from the third in size city in Greece. Anthropometric and body composition indices (weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), FM%, fat mass index (FMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), SMM%, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR)), were assessed.Results: i) The rates of overweight and obesity were 25.9% (Males: 24.4%, females: 27.5%) and 12.6% (males: 13.4%, females: 11.7%), respectively. ii) Males had significantly higher SMM, SMM% and MFR, and lower FM% compared to females. iii) No differences were observed in body composition between younger (10-11-year-old) and older (11-12-year-old) children. iv) Higher FM, FM%, FMI, SMM, SMI and lower SMM% and MFR values were found in children with overweight or obesity.Conclusion: A direct association between excess weight and body composition measurements, such as FM, FM%, FMI, SMM, SMM%, SMI and MFR, was found in a large pediatric school-population. These body composition analysis measurements may potentially serve as a useful screening-tool with both research and clinical applications in assessing obesity, but also for predicting obesity-related complications.
{"title":"The association between excess weight and body composition measurements in a pediatric population","authors":"E. Kostopoulou, A. Avgeri, S. Skiadopoulos, G. Dimitriou, I. Giannakopoulos","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-334558/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-334558/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity in Greece is among the highest in Europe. Body composition may be used as a screening tool to identify children with excess weight and those at risk for developing metabolic complications. The aim of the study was to provide data on body composition indices from a large Greek pediatric population and investigate the possible association between these indices and obesity.Methods: 1453 schoolchildren, 51.2% males, aged 10-12 years old, were recruited from the third in size city in Greece. Anthropometric and body composition indices (weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), FM%, fat mass index (FMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), SMM%, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR)), were assessed.Results: i) The rates of overweight and obesity were 25.9% (Males: 24.4%, females: 27.5%) and 12.6% (males: 13.4%, females: 11.7%), respectively. ii) Males had significantly higher SMM, SMM% and MFR, and lower FM% compared to females. iii) No differences were observed in body composition between younger (10-11-year-old) and older (11-12-year-old) children. iv) Higher FM, FM%, FMI, SMM, SMI and lower SMM% and MFR values were found in children with overweight or obesity.Conclusion: A direct association between excess weight and body composition measurements, such as FM, FM%, FMI, SMM, SMM%, SMI and MFR, was found in a large pediatric school-population. These body composition analysis measurements may potentially serve as a useful screening-tool with both research and clinical applications in assessing obesity, but also for predicting obesity-related complications.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44343332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Mahir, R. Elqadiry, H. Nassih, A. Bourahouat, I. Aitsab
HAV is a very common childhood disease. Extrahepatic manifestations are rarely found in Hepatitis A Viral (HAV). In this article, we are going to analyze two cases; the first one is associated to cutaneous vasculitis and cryoglobulinemia, while the second one is more complicated, since the disease comes with a thrombopenia.
{"title":"Atypical Acute Hepatitis A Infection in Children","authors":"N. Mahir, R. Elqadiry, H. Nassih, A. Bourahouat, I. Aitsab","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050064","url":null,"abstract":"HAV is a very common childhood disease. Extrahepatic manifestations are rarely found in Hepatitis A Viral (HAV). In this article, we are going to analyze two cases; the first one is associated to cutaneous vasculitis and cryoglobulinemia, while the second one is more complicated, since the disease comes with a thrombopenia.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanmaya Tyagaraj, A. T, M. Patil, B. Badal, Vikram Sindagikar
Here, we report a rare occurrence of intestinal obstruction immediately following insertion of a VP shunt. Obstructive hydrocephalus is often treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Common complications following the procedure are: infection, obstruction of the shunt itself, failure of a valve and over or underdrainage of a ventricle. However, intra-abdominal complications are rare, and intestinal obstruction as a result of the shunt is very rare. Early diagnosis and management in such cases provides good quality of life.
{"title":"Intestinal Obstruction – An Immediate Post-Operative Complication following Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt : A Rare Case","authors":"Tanmaya Tyagaraj, A. T, M. Patil, B. Badal, Vikram Sindagikar","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050081","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we report a rare occurrence of intestinal obstruction immediately following insertion of a VP shunt. Obstructive hydrocephalus is often treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Common complications following the procedure are: infection, obstruction of the shunt itself, failure of a valve and over or underdrainage of a ventricle. However, intra-abdominal complications are rare, and intestinal obstruction as a result of the shunt is very rare. Early diagnosis and management in such cases provides good quality of life.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Encephalocraniocutaneous Lipomatosis (Haberland Syndrome) with Atrial Tachycardia in a Neonate: A Rare Case Report","authors":"Kumar Naina, Aditi Baruah, Bipul Kumar Das","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Jenull, Carlotta Mayer, P. Knobel, R. Birnbacher
Introduction: The worldwide obesity pandemic has far reaching consequences for the overweight individual. Overweight itself can lead to impaired physical health, the associated weight stigma to impaired mental health. As weight bias starts as early as in preschool age, it is important to find out what sociodemographic and psychosocial factors promote weight stigma in children and how to prevent them. Methods: Within the DONUT-project 282 children between the age three to seven were interviewed about their preference of different sizes in playmates and the adjectives they attributed to normal and overweight figures. Answers have been correlated with the child’s weight, perceived and ideal body size, gender, and age. Results: Weight stigma is evident throughout the sample, while older children tend to show a higher weight bias than younger children. Girls were found to display a stronger weight bias than boys. A higher children’s weight showed a positive correlation with association of negative adjectives to the overweight target figure. A lower perceived or ideal body size was associated with higher negative correlations towards overweight individuals. There was no body satisfaction effect on expressed weight stigma. Discussion: Our findings provide further evidence about the relationship between different sociodemographic and psychosocial constructs. This relationship is difficult and needs more research. The importance of our results for early prevention programs to reduce weight stigma in children and society is discussed. J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (2): 112-125 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050069 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 113
{"title":"Weight-Stigma and Body Satisfaction among Preschool Children","authors":"B. Jenull, Carlotta Mayer, P. Knobel, R. Birnbacher","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050069","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The worldwide obesity pandemic has far reaching consequences for the overweight individual. Overweight itself can lead to impaired physical health, the associated weight stigma to impaired mental health. As weight bias starts as early as in preschool age, it is important to find out what sociodemographic and psychosocial factors promote weight stigma in children and how to prevent them. Methods: Within the DONUT-project 282 children between the age three to seven were interviewed about their preference of different sizes in playmates and the adjectives they attributed to normal and overweight figures. Answers have been correlated with the child’s weight, perceived and ideal body size, gender, and age. Results: Weight stigma is evident throughout the sample, while older children tend to show a higher weight bias than younger children. Girls were found to display a stronger weight bias than boys. A higher children’s weight showed a positive correlation with association of negative adjectives to the overweight target figure. A lower perceived or ideal body size was associated with higher negative correlations towards overweight individuals. There was no body satisfaction effect on expressed weight stigma. Discussion: Our findings provide further evidence about the relationship between different sociodemographic and psychosocial constructs. This relationship is difficult and needs more research. The importance of our results for early prevention programs to reduce weight stigma in children and society is discussed. J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (2): 112-125 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050069 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 113","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. T. D. Jacobis, R. Vona, C. Cittadini, A. Marchesi, L. Cursi, A. Campana, L. Gambardella, A. Villani, E. Straface
SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious respiratory virus that in December 2019 emerged in Wuhan (Hubei Province, China) and spread rapidly worldwide. Despite the high number of people affected, data on clinical features and prognostic factors in children and adolescents are limited. Children become less ill than adults and most of them contract the infection through close contact with their parents or family members. In this short communication, we commented data of our study on an Italian pediatric population with COVID-19, published on the Italian Journal of Pediatrics.
{"title":"Commentary on Clinical Characteristics of Children Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Italy","authors":"I. T. D. Jacobis, R. Vona, C. Cittadini, A. Marchesi, L. Cursi, A. Campana, L. Gambardella, A. Villani, E. Straface","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050075","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious respiratory virus that in December 2019 emerged in Wuhan (Hubei Province, China) and spread rapidly worldwide. Despite the high number of people affected, data on clinical features and prognostic factors in children and adolescents are limited. Children become less ill than adults and most of them contract the infection through close contact with their parents or family members. In this short communication, we commented data of our study on an Italian pediatric population with COVID-19, published on the Italian Journal of Pediatrics.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Severe Aplastic Anemia Secondary to SARS CoV-2 Infection- A Case Report","authors":"Ranjima M, Gobbur Rh","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) was originally designed for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder but has more recently been applied to the cerebral palsy population who also have disorders of motor function and executive function. The aim of this review was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of CO-OP in the cerebral palsy population. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify studies on CO-OP for people with cerebral palsy, using the Medline, CINAHL and ERIC databases between 22 June and 30 June 2021. Results: The search elicited 44 citations, of which 8 studies met eligibility. Five were observational studies (three of five Single Case Experimental Design), three were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), measuring the effects of CO-OP in 100 people with cerebral palsy. Since CO-OP was repurposed to cerebral palsy, initial studies focussed on feasibility, acceptability and J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (3): 177-193 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050077 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 178 preliminary efficacy, and consequently sample sizes were small with high risk of bias. Pooled findings from RCTs indicate CO-OP produces greater gains in goal achievement than to body functions and structure intervention (Standardised Mean Difference 0.86 [95% Confidence Interval 0.20-1.52]). Conclusions: Findings suggest preliminary efficacy of CO-OP for cerebral palsy compared to body functions and structure interventions for goal attainment, with CO-OP having comparable efficacy to other activitiesbased interventions. More clinical trials with adequate power and an individual patient meta-analysis are
{"title":"Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) Intervention for People with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis","authors":"H. Gimeno, M. Jackman, I. Novak","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050077","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) was originally designed for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder but has more recently been applied to the cerebral palsy population who also have disorders of motor function and executive function. The aim of this review was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of CO-OP in the cerebral palsy population. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify studies on CO-OP for people with cerebral palsy, using the Medline, CINAHL and ERIC databases between 22 June and 30 June 2021. Results: The search elicited 44 citations, of which 8 studies met eligibility. Five were observational studies (three of five Single Case Experimental Design), three were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), measuring the effects of CO-OP in 100 people with cerebral palsy. Since CO-OP was repurposed to cerebral palsy, initial studies focussed on feasibility, acceptability and J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2021; 5 (3): 177-193 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050077 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 178 preliminary efficacy, and consequently sample sizes were small with high risk of bias. Pooled findings from RCTs indicate CO-OP produces greater gains in goal achievement than to body functions and structure intervention (Standardised Mean Difference 0.86 [95% Confidence Interval 0.20-1.52]). Conclusions: Findings suggest preliminary efficacy of CO-OP for cerebral palsy compared to body functions and structure interventions for goal attainment, with CO-OP having comparable efficacy to other activitiesbased interventions. More clinical trials with adequate power and an individual patient meta-analysis are","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali A. Alakhfash, K. Alhawri, Abdullah Alqwaiee, A. Almesned, Bana Nasser, Marwan Alhawbani, Mohammed Hasab Elnabi
Congenital Flail Tricuspid Valve Leaflet, A Challenging Surgical Decision. Case Report, and Literature Review. Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 5 (2021): 211-220. Abstract Background: Congenital severe tricuspid valve (TV) insufficiency secondary to ruptured papillary muscle or ruptured chordae tendineae Health of severe Ebstein anomaly of the TV, with severe cyanosis due to reduced pulmonary blood flow. Compared to Ebstein anomaly, there is no apical displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets. Case presentation: We are presenting a neonate with refractory neonatal cyanosis immediately after birth due to congenital flail TV leaflets. A successful surgical repair of the TV improved the TV function with excellent immediate, short and midterm outcomes. Conclusions: TV repair is the best surgical option for TV dysplasia with ruptured chordae and flail leaflets, with good immediate as well as short and mid-term outcomes.
{"title":"Congenital Flail Tricuspid Valve Leaflet, A Challenging Surgical Decision. Case Report, and Literature Review","authors":"Ali A. Alakhfash, K. Alhawri, Abdullah Alqwaiee, A. Almesned, Bana Nasser, Marwan Alhawbani, Mohammed Hasab Elnabi","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050080","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital Flail Tricuspid Valve Leaflet, A Challenging Surgical Decision. Case Report, and Literature Review. Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 5 (2021): 211-220. Abstract Background: Congenital severe tricuspid valve (TV) insufficiency secondary to ruptured papillary muscle or ruptured chordae tendineae Health of severe Ebstein anomaly of the TV, with severe cyanosis due to reduced pulmonary blood flow. Compared to Ebstein anomaly, there is no apical displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets. Case presentation: We are presenting a neonate with refractory neonatal cyanosis immediately after birth due to congenital flail TV leaflets. A successful surgical repair of the TV improved the TV function with excellent immediate, short and midterm outcomes. Conclusions: TV repair is the best surgical option for TV dysplasia with ruptured chordae and flail leaflets, with good immediate as well as short and mid-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37473/dac/10.1101/2020.05.06.20093666
Marcelo Domingos Marchesin
. In this paper we use the simple logistic mathematical model to represent the development of COVID-19 epidemic in S˜ao Paulo city under quarantine regime and we estimate the total amount of time it is necessary to decrease the number of seriously ill in order to reduce the demand for ICU hospital beds to tolerable levels. Clearly the same reasoning used here can be used for any other city in similar conditions.
{"title":"Taming Covid-19 Epidemic in São Paulo with a Logistic Model and Non-Pharmaceutical Measures","authors":"Marcelo Domingos Marchesin","doi":"10.37473/dac/10.1101/2020.05.06.20093666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37473/dac/10.1101/2020.05.06.20093666","url":null,"abstract":". In this paper we use the simple logistic mathematical model to represent the development of COVID-19 epidemic in S˜ao Paulo city under quarantine regime and we estimate the total amount of time it is necessary to decrease the number of seriously ill in order to reduce the demand for ICU hospital beds to tolerable levels. Clearly the same reasoning used here can be used for any other city in similar conditions.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69745416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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