Journal of trace elements and minerals最新文献

{"title":"Gallium-infused nanomaterials for cancer theranostics and biosensing: Advancement and translation outlooks","authors":"Suraj Kumar ,&nbsp;Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar ,&nbsp;Javedh Shareef ,&nbsp;Tarun Wadhwa ,&nbsp;Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi ,&nbsp;Rishabha Malviya","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Liquid metals have recently gained considerable attention in biomedical research due to their versatility and superior functional performance. Among them, gallium stands out as a valuable nuclear medicinal element owing to its intrinsic radioactivity and established applications in orthopedic disorders, calcium metabolism abnormalities, and cancer. Its distinct physical and chemical properties further position gallium as an excellent candidate for advanced diagnostic and therapeutic systems.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose and methodology</h3><div>This review aims to consolidate and critically evaluate recent advancements in gallium-based nanotechnologies by synthesizing findings from contemporary experimental studies, technological innovations, and patent literature. The analysis integrates multidisciplinary evidence covering cancer therapy, biomedical imaging, biosensing, molecular interaction studies, and targeted drug delivery strategies to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and future potential of gallium-enabled nanosystems.</div></div><div><h3>Observations</h3><div>Gallium-based nanoconjugates have demonstrated enhanced anticancer effects across various therapeutic modalities, including photothermal therapy, sonodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Parallel advancements in imaging technologies and biosensing systems highlight gallium’s strong diagnostic potential. Additionally, the expanding patent landscape for gallium-based nanoplatforms underscores growing interest in their clinical translation, particularly for oncology-focused applications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Gallium-containing nanostructures exhibit significant promise as multifunctional agents for cancer theranostics. Ongoing innovation in materials engineering, mechanistic understanding, and translational research is anticipated to accelerate their movement toward clinical application further.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical analysis of major element behavior in gneiss weathering profiles, northwest of Yaoundé, South Cameroon","authors":"Jules Mbanga Nyobe ,&nbsp;Raoul Gake Belle ,&nbsp;André Mbabi Bitchong","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the morphological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of weathering profiles developed on garnet and biotite gneisses in the Nguibassal and Maganga areas, northwest of Yaoundé (South Cameroon). The objective was to characterize major element evolution across the profiles and assess their statistical behavior using correlation analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The two weathering profiles, 4 m thick in Nguibassal and 3 m in Maganga, content four horizons: iron duricrust, nodular, loose clayey, and organomineral horizons. Both profiles display the reddish coloration typical of ferrallitic soils formed under humid tropical conditions. Mineralogy is dominated by quartz, feldspars, and muscovite, with kaolinite, hematite, and goethite, reflecting advanced chemical weathering. Geochemically, soils are aluminous–siliceous with high SiO₂ (50–67 wt %), Al₂O₃ (13–26 wt %), and Fe₂O₃ (5–14 wt %). SiO₂ decreases upward, whereas Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ increase, consistent with progressive desilication and sesquioxide enrichment. The Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) indicates very advanced weathering in Nguibassal (CIA = 89.5–94.9 %) and moderate to high alteration in Maganga (CIA = 69.1–88.7 %). PCA performed on standardized data shows that PC1 distinguishes silica-rich phases from Fe–Al oxides, while PC2 separates TiO₂–MnO from K₂O, reflecting mineral transformation pathways, reveals two main components explaining 83.2 % and 89.7 % of total variance at Nguibassal and Maganga, respectively. Despite the small dataset (<em>n</em> = 10), statistical trends confirm stronger ferrallitization in Nguibassal compared to Maganga. These results help clarify the geochemical evolution of gneiss-derived weathering profiles in the humid tropical zone of Cameroon and provide a basis for future regional comparisons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological risks of nutrient and metal contamination in Calabar River sediments, Nigeria","authors":"Honor T. Ifon ,&nbsp;Edak K. Agi-Odey ,&nbsp;Godwin A. Otogo ,&nbsp;Akaninyene P. Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Calabar River in southeastern Nigeria faces severe pollution from industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, and urban wastewater, threatening its ecological integrity and the livelihoods of dependent communities, yet comprehensive risk assessments integrating nutrient enrichment and metal contamination remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study examined water and sediment quality at 16 locations along a 10.78 km stretch of the river. Water and surface sediment samples were analyzed for key physicochemical parameters, nutrients, and metals. The Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) was used to assess the risk status of the river based on the metals analyzed, categorized as low to moderate, high, and extremely high.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Water quality varied across sites, with dissolved oxygen ranging from 3.80 ± 0.10 to 6.50 ± 0.14 mg L⁻¹ and total nitrogen from 5.07 ± 0.03 to 9.17 ± 0.11 mg L⁻¹. Sediment analysis showed elevated levels of lead (27.5 ± 0.9 to 34.0 ± 1.8 mg kg⁻¹), zinc (85.3 ± 3.8 to 138.3 ± 6.7 mg kg⁻¹), and nickel (24.7 ± 0.6 to 94.5 ± 0.6 mg kg⁻¹). PERI results identified sites S9, S10, and S4 as having extremely high ecological risk, mainly due to lead, zinc, and molybdenum. Lead alone contributed up to 29% of the total risk at some locations. Sites S7 and S16 showed low to moderate risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings reveal serious ecological threats from nutrient and metal pollution in the Calabar River, especially near industrial and agricultural zones. These results highlight the need for targeted pollution control and better environmental management to protect the river’s ecosystem and the communities that depend on it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agroclimatic variation in mineral and heavy metal levels of Raphanus sativus L. Microgreens grown in West Bengal","authors":"Shubhadeep Hazra ,&nbsp;Amitesh Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Santanu Giri ,&nbsp;Aniruddha Sarkar ,&nbsp;Tushar Adhikari","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2026.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Microgreens have emerged as potent ‘functional foods’ or ‘superfoods’ because of their rich nutritional profile.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This research aims to perform Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy based estimation of minerals, heavy metals, and associated health risks of <em>Raphanus sativus</em> L. microgreens grown in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal, India.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The radish microgreens were cultivated in soils collected from different districts (as confirmed by soil analysis), and the mineral content (Ca, Mn, Zn, Se) and heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb) were analysed using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant variations (p&lt;0.05) in mineral profiles were found in radish microgreens grown in soils of different districts. Major elements determined were Calcium (1091.43±21.87 to 1481.17±12.58 mg/kg); Zinc (44.21±1.54 to 158.92±1.21 mg/kg); Manganese (66.21±8.73 to 83.47±6.43 mg/kg); and Selenium (0.32±0.13 to 1.01±0.22 mg/kg). South 24 Parganas recorded exceptionally high zinc content in the grown microgreens. Chromium concentration was below toxic limits. Lead and cadmium were found in negligible amounts (1.57±0.63 to 11.21±2.02 μg/kg). The hazard index of microgreens grown in all districts was less than 1. A positive correlation between heavy metals indicates that their source and route of uptake are similar.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Almost all investigated microgreens were good sources of minerals, with the best mineral profile and high germination rate rich alluvial soils, indicating that fertile soils are best for growth. Based on the obtained results, these microgreens might be further assessed for any seasonal variation in mineral content and in vivo bioavailability studies of minerals needs to be analyzed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green-Synthesized selenium nanoparticles from Saraca asoca leaves: A multifunctional evaluation of antioxidant, anticoagulant, antigout and thrombolytic activities","authors":"Suhana Malik ,&nbsp;Prachi Tiwari ,&nbsp;Anuradha Singhaniya ,&nbsp;Chandrababu Rejeeth","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study presents the green synthesis and comprehensive biological evaluation of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) derived from <em>Saraca asoca</em> leaf extract.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The biosynthesized Se-NPs were characterized using UV – Visible spectroscopy, Fourier - transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confirming their nanoscale morphology and phytochemical capping. The antioxidant potential of Se-NPs was assessed via DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>demonstrating significant activity with 73 ± 3.65% and 90 ± 4.5% inhibition, respectively, at 100 µg/mL. Antigout efficacy was evaluated through uric acid degradation and xanthine oxidase inhibition (XOI), revealing dose- dependent activity with 62 ± 1.86% UA degradation at 19 mg/mL and 76% XOI at 200 µg/mL. Furthermore, Se-NPs exhibited notable anticoagulant and thrombolytic effects in mammalian blood, indicating their potential to modulates haemostatic pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Collectively, these findings underscore the multifunctional therapeutic properties of <em>Saraca asoca</em> -mediated Se-NPs, positioning them as promising candidates for future biomedical application targeting oxidant stress, hyperuricemia, thrombotic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing soil fertility, nutrient recovery and carbon sequestration: the role of biochar, composted biochar, and biochar-compost mixtures in sustainable agriculture","authors":"Misbah Rani ,&nbsp;Zainul Abideen ,&nbsp;Neelma Munir ,&nbsp;Maria Hasnain ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mehdizadeh ,&nbsp;Muhammed Qasim ,&nbsp;Emanuele Radicetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Soil degradation, caused by salinity, nutrient depletion, and trace metal pollutants, is a major problem for agricultural productivity. Organic amendments, such as biochar, have shown potential to improve soil health, water retention, and nutrient availability. However, biochar-based blended amendments, such as biochar compost mixture and composted biochar, may offer greater benefits even under harsh soil environments.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review evaluates the limitations and advantages of biochar, compost, and biochar-compost mixtures in restoring degraded and polluted soils. The review assesses their roles in improving soil fertility, nutrient availability, microbial activity, and key physiochemical properties relevant to sustainable agriculture.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched major scientific databases and screened studies based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eligible studies included laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments assessing soil restoration outcomes using biochar-based amendments.</div></div><div><h3>Key findings</h3><div>Biochar applications enhanced biomass production, CO₂ capture, soil quality, and immobilization of inorganic ions and organic waste material due to promising properties like advanced cation exchange capacity, high permeability, and large surface area. Biochar-compost further improved nutrient availability, biomass uptake, water retention, carbon sequestration, and plant physiological responses under stress. Composted biochar offered more sustained and long-lasting improvements in soil quality and plant productivity under salinity stress, thus solving multiple biochar-associated challenges, although further long-term field evidence is still needed.</div></div><div><h3>Broader implications</h3><div>Overall, biochar and biochar-compost represent promising tools for soil restoration, pollutant remediation, and crop productivity. Although their benefits are widely reported, variability in outcomes and gaps in long-term evidence underscore the importance of optimizing application strategies for different soil systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of iron supplementation on exercise performance of women with non-anemic iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia - a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Fernanda Patti Nakamoto,&nbsp;Kauana Multini de Almeida,&nbsp;Larissa Canton Gonçalves,&nbsp;Marcus V.L. dos Santos Quaresma","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim and background</h3><div>Female athletes have been considered a risk group for non-anemic iron deficiency (NAID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) given iron loss situations (i.e., excessive blood lost during a menstrual cycle, eccentric muscle contraction, and sweating). Iron supplementation should be a strategy to increase both iron levels and physical exercise performance. To verify the effect of iron supplementation on the exercise performance of women with NAID or IDA, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted (CRD42021245452).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Inclusion criteria comprised randomized or non-randomized clinical trials with a control group that determined the effect of iron supplementation associated with endurance exercise on women’s exercise performance. A search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, and Scopus databases was performed in February 2025 including all articles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2122 studies were initially identified. Following exclusions, 15 studies with a total of 380 participants were included. Iron supplementation did not improve exercise performance assessed during time-to-exhaustion (TTE; MD: 0.76 min; 95% CI: -0.13; 1.65; <em>p</em> = 0.067) or time trial (TT; MD: -1.78 min; 95% CI: -3.88; 0.333 min; <em>p</em> = 0.059) protocols. Still, by combining TTE and TT studies in the same analysis, we observed a non-significant effect on exercise performance (SMD: 0.97; 95% CI: -0.49 to 2.44; <em>p</em> = 0.139). Moreover, although iron supplementation led to consistent improvements in hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, its effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise performance were mixed. We observed a moderate and statistically significant improvement in V̇O₂max or V̇O₂peak (SMD: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.08 to 1.31; <em>p</em> = 0.030). However, this effect was no longer statistically significant when studies involving women with anemia were excluded (SMD: 0.61; 95% CI: -0.05 to 1.27; <em>p</em> = 0.068), suggesting that the observed improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness may be primarily driven by this subgroup. In contrast, no significant effects were found on exercise performance outcomes such as TTE or TT performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although iron supplementation led to improvements in hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, its effects on exercise performance and cardiorespiratory fitness were limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective potential of Zingiber officinale methanol extract in copper sulfate-induced nigrostriatal neurodegeneration in mice","authors":"Aduema Wadioni ,&nbsp;Olusegun G. Adebayo ,&nbsp;Adebimpe V. Masanwoola ,&nbsp;Joseph Chimezie","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Background:</strong> Exposures to transition metals such as copper have been investigated in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients’ brain with the concentrations higher comparative to the non-diseased. However, the mechanistic approach in PD remains largely unexplored.<strong>Objectives</strong> This study aims to investigate the <em>Zingiber officinale</em> methanol extract (MEZO) neuroprotective effect in mice striatal and nigral neurons after exposure to copper intoxication. <strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 40 mice (n = 8 mice/group) were treated orally with distilled water (10 mL kg^-1; group 1), copper sulfate (CuSO₄, 20 mg kg^-1; group 2), MEZO (50 and 100 mg kg^-1; group 3 and 4), and vitamin C (100 mg kg^-1; group 5) repeatedly for 28 days. The mice in group 3 – 5 were pre-treated with CuSO₄, followed 1 hour later by MEZO and Vitamin C treatment. Locomotor and neuromuscular performances were assessed using open field, negative geotaxis and tail suspension test, respectively. After termination, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, neuronal transmission, and histoarchitectural changes were evaluated in the brain tissues. <strong>Results:</strong> The exposure to CuSO₄ treatment induced significant reduction in locomotor and neuromuscular competence but was improved following the administration of MEZO. Oral exposure to CuSO₄ increased striatal pro-oxidants (malondialdehyde and nitrite), inflammatory mediators (MPO, TNF-α, and IL-6), and α-synuclein levels; and decreased endogenous antioxidant enzymes (glutathione and catalase), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), dopamine, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and brain derived neurotophic factor (BDNF) levels in the striatum. However, the administration of MEZO decreased pro-oxidants, inflammatory mediators, and α-synuclein levels; and increased the endogenous antioxidant enzymes, anti-inflammatory cytokine, dopamine, AChE and BDNF levels in the mice striatum in a dose-related manner. Additionally, the administration of MEZO abated the loss of the nigrostriatal neurons as well as the structural integrity after CuSO₄ lesioning. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study suggests that MEZO could be used as a pharmacotherapy in the management and treatment of PD pathophysiology following exposure to CuSO₄ intoxication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyphenated mass spectroscopic detection of heavy metals in environmental and biological samples: A review","authors":"Ratnesh Tiwari ,&nbsp;Nihar Ranjan ,&nbsp;Mohini Chaurasia ,&nbsp;S.J.S. Flora","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Heavy metals constitute a major class of environmental contaminants with a narrow margin between essentiality and toxicity. Their widespread use in industrial, agricultural, and biomedical applications has led to persistent accumulation in air, water, soil, and biological systems. Owing to their non-biodegradable nature, heavy metals readily bioaccumulate and magnify, posing severe risks to human health and ecosystems. Accurate detection and speciation of these metals are therefore essential to understanding their toxicity and environmental behaviour.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Traditional analytical techniques for metal detection are limited by high costs, laborious workflows, and insufficient sensitivity when applied to complex samples. Over the past two decades, hyphenated analytical platforms have emerged as powerful alternatives by integrating separation techniques such as liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and pyrolysis with advanced mass spectrometric detection. These combinations significantly enhance selectivity, sensitivity, and throughput while enabling precise speciation analysis across diverse matrices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This review compiles and critically evaluates the major hyphenated mass spectrometric techniques—including GC–MS, LC-MS/MS, LC-ICP-MS, Py-GC–MS, nano-ESI-MS, TGA-MS, ToF-SIMS, AMS, and IC-MS—with representative applications in environmental, biological, food, and toxicological studies. Their advantages over conventional methods, such as lower detection limits, improved matrix tolerance, and multi-element capability, are highlighted alongside recent biological and environmental case studies. Challenges associated with instrumentation complexity, sample preparation, data processing, and on-site applicability are discussed. The review also outlines future prospects, emphasising the need for miniaturisation, user-friendly software, AI-assisted data interpretation, and portable field-deployable systems to improve accessibility and real-time monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring and assessment of groundwater suitability for drinking and irrigation in the granary region of central-west Bangladesh using entropy index","authors":"Md. Shazzadur Rahman ,&nbsp;Sharmin Sultana ,&nbsp;Pradip Kumar Biswas ,&nbsp;Md. Aminur Rahman ,&nbsp;A.H.M. Selim Reza ,&nbsp;Md. Moniruzzaman ,&nbsp;Md. Abu Bakar Siddique ,&nbsp;Md. Ripaj Uddin ,&nbsp;Md. Shah Alam ,&nbsp;Md. Shohel Rana ,&nbsp;Md. Golam Mostafa ,&nbsp;Shamim Ahmed ,&nbsp;Hayatullah","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study assesses groundwater suitability for drinking and irrigation in central-west Bangladesh’s granary region. Using the entropy water quality index (EWQI) and conventional irrigation indices, it evaluates water quality essential for public health and sustainable agriculture.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Groundwater samples from multiple sites were analyzed for major physicochemical parameters. Drinking suitability was assessed using EWQI, while irrigation suitability was evaluated through USSL, Wilcox, and Doneen indices. Hydrochemical facies and geochemical processes were interpreted using Piper, Gibbs, and bivariate analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>Groundwater in the study area is neutral to alkaline in nature and is dominated by calcium (Ca²⁺) and bicarbonate (HCO₃^-), characterizing a Ca-Mg-HCO₃ water type. This composition reflects calcite dissolution and ion-exchange processes. Gibbs plots and bivariate relationships indicate that rock weathering, particularly of calcite, dolomite, and silicate minerals, largely governs the groundwater chemistry. The EWQI and WQI results reveal that 96.67 % of the samples are unsuitable for drinking, with 76.67 % classified as poor quality. PCA results indicate that the dissolved constituents are primarily of geogenic origin, with minor anthropogenic influence. For irrigation purposes, the USSL diagram suggests low to medium alkali hazards, Wilcox ratings range from permissible to excellent, and Doneen’s classification places the samples in Class I, indicating high permeability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Groundwater is generally unsuitable for drinking but remains acceptable for irrigation. Regular monitoring and effective management are essential to prevent further degradation and ensure long-term water sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}