Journal of trace elements and minerals最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the chemical and mineralogical properties of a traditional healing stone from Southern Morocco","authors":"F. El Hilali ,&nbsp;H. El Hilali ,&nbsp;Z. M'hamdi ,&nbsp;I. Loudaoued ,&nbsp;O. Hammani ,&nbsp;M. Aissa ,&nbsp;A. Amechrouq","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Naturotherapy involving geo-materials has been a longstanding practice, originating from antiquity. <em>El Hammira</em>, a striking red medicinal stone from Southern Morocco, continues to be a vital component in traditional Moroccan Saharan health practices. Despite its ongoing significance, the exact chemical composition and therapeutic efficacy of this practice remain largely underexplored, heavily based on oral tradition. This paper aims to characterize the mineral and chemical properties of <em>El Hammira</em> for the first time, using high-performance analytical techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Study Area</h3><div>Six samples were collected from the <em>El Hammira</em> deposit in Es-Smara, located in the southern region of Morocco.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Samples are subjected to analysis using metallographic microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results show that <em>El Hammira</em> is a distinctive rock with high iron content and predominant minerals, including quartz and silica. Additionally, the presence of metals and metalloids in exceeded quantities raises potential concerns regarding safety and efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This first analysis of <em>El Hammira</em>, highlighting its unique mineral composition and the presence of metals and metalloids. These findings emphasize the need for further research and processing to ensure its safety for medicinal and cosmetic use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and health risk analysis of potential toxic elements in select foods vended within a university campus in southeastern Nigeria","authors":"Amara Miracle Olaleye ,&nbsp;Stanley Ugochukwu Nwoke ,&nbsp;Dozie John Okongwu ,&nbsp;Nancy Amaraegbulam ,&nbsp;Chukwuemeka Cornelius Ezeh ,&nbsp;Ifeanyi Adolphus Ucheana","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bambara nut pudding (BNP) and cowpea bean cake (BC) are popular street-vended foods on Nigerian University campuses. Current study seeks to investigate the concentrations and associated health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) in BNP and BC consumed within a university campus in southeastern Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The potentially toxic elements (PTE) in the food samples were quantified using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), while health risks were assessed using carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk models. Calibration curves for the elements were plotted using 1, 2, and 3 mg L^–1. Method validation included recovery analysis, with instrument sensitivity assessed through limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean PTE concentrations (mg kg⁻¹) in BNP were Cd (0.13–2.94), Cr (4.33–51.09), Ni (0.35–2.15), and Pb (5.27–307.62), while BC levels ranged as Cd (ND–2.54), Cr (14.51–36.20), Ni (ND–2.41), and Pb (3.36–6.49). Both foods' Cd, Cr, and Pb levels exceeded WHO thresholds. A significant difference was recorded between Cd, Cr, and Pb concentrations in both foods (p&lt;0.05). Non-carcinogenic risk (THQ/THI &gt;1) was detected in 64 % of BNP and 36 % of BC samples, indicating elevated exposure hazards. Carcinogenic risks were identified for Cr, Ni, and Cd, with cancer risk values surpassing tolerable limits (1 × 10⁻⁶).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identifies significant contamination of BNP and BC by PTEs, particularly Pb and Cr, linked to vendor practices and environmental sources. It underscores urgent regulatory measures to mitigate health risks, adoption of HACCP protocols, and advocates continuous monitoring of street-vended foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometric assessment, seasonal variation and source apportionment of air pollutants in Islamabad's industrial area","authors":"Mavia Anjum ,&nbsp;Naila Siddique ,&nbsp;Hannan Younis ,&nbsp;Munib Ahmed Shafique ,&nbsp;Sadia Munawar ,&nbsp;Mohsina Zubair ,&nbsp;Huzaifa Younas ,&nbsp;Ansar Abbas ,&nbsp;Yasir Faiz","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Global warming is intensified by atmospheric pollution, with industrial activities significantly contributing to this issue. This study investigates air pollution levels in the industrial area of Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, a developing South Asian nation grappling with severe air quality threats.</div></div><div><h3>Study area</h3><div>This study was designed to assess the pollution levels in the air of industrial area of Islamabad, Pakistan</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Fine (size &lt; 2.5µm: PM_2.5) and coarse (size between 2.5 and 10 µm: PM_2.5–10) particulate matter samples were collected on Polycarbonate air filters for three seasons in 2023. The elemental composition of PM was quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average PM_2.5 (40.42 µg m⁻³) and PM_2.5–10 (221 µg m⁻³) concentrations exceeded Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) limits (PM_2.5: 35 µg m⁻³; PM_2.5–10: 150 µg m⁻³, respectively). In PM_2.5, Na showed the highest mean concentration (8670 ng m⁻³), As the lowest (40 ng m⁻³); in PM_2.5–10, Ca was highest (5476 ng m⁻³), Zr lowest (28 ng m⁻³). Seasonal variations revealed for PM_2.5–10 Ca peaked at 7800 ng m⁻³ in autumn, with Mg, Si, Fe, and Al fluctuating significantly, while toxic elements As, Pb, Co and Cr decreased from spring to autumn. In PM_2.5, Ca peaked at 7043 ng m⁻³ and Na remained elevated in spring, with crustal and toxic metals concentration decreasing from spring to autumn. Depositional flux was high for Ca and Ba in PM_2.5–10, and Na, Cr, and Cu in PM_2.5. The Enrichment factor and pollution index indicated higher contamination by Cr, Cu, Pb, S, Zn, Ni, As, Li, Mo, Sn, and Ag. Environmental Protection Agency Positive Matrix Factorization (EPA-PMF) identified steel mills, marble processing, e-waste incineration, Industrial dust, battery processing and vehicular emissions as primary sources. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (NOAA HYSPLIT) confirmed local and transboundary contributions to elevated PM levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study concludes that the air of Islamabad's industrial area has high levels of pollution, dependent upon various sources and mitigation of pollution can be achieved by strict enforcement of regulations and laws.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geologic setting of mineral licks and availability of trace element nutrients: case study of the Dewar Creek geothermal spring site in the Canadian Cordillera","authors":"Paul L. Broughton","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The link between the geology and development of mineral licks involves the mineralogy and availability of metallic elements that are necessary for mammalian nutritional requirements. The chemistries of natural mineral licks have been widely documented, but their constituent elements necessary for mammalian nutrition have usually not been linked to regional tectono-stratigraphic controls on their mineralogy and element availability. The extensive mineral lick emplaced along the Dewar Creek geothermal spring area in southeast British Columbia of the Canadian Cordillera has a dominant carbonate mineralogy that has been a longstanding attraction to ungulates. This case study provides insight into how the geologic context directly controls the availability of various trace metal nutrient ions and thereby attracts mammalian wildlife.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Sediments collected along the Dewar Creek geothermal spring are analyzed for their mineralogy and trace element concentration to further our understanding as to why the site is attractive to ungulates as a mineral lick.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><div>The geologic framework provides the overall context for the location of mineral licks that result in the availability of metallic elements necessary for the nutritional requirements of mammals, and furthers our understanding on how the geologic framework controls the location of mineral licks that provide specific elements necessary for the health of ungulates. High concentrations of Sr (3000–12,000 ppm) and Mn (4000–9000 ppm) are incorporated into different carbonate minerals that accumulated as bottom sediment and overlying crust along the geothermal spring. The unusually high concentration of bioactive strontium in particular at this mineral lick facilitates the attractiveness to ungulates because of the impact on mammalian bone osteoporosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contamination status and toxicity risk assessment of selected potentially toxic elements in surface soils under the influence of different land uses in Midwestern Burkina Faso, West Africa","authors":"Michel Bembamba ,&nbsp;Aboubakar Sako","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>As land use transitions from rain-fed farming to market gardening and artisanal gold mining in Burkina Faso, soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has become a major environmental concern.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the PTE pollution status of highly anthropized soil in Midwestern Burkina Faso.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 226 topsoil samples were collected, and their PTE concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Enrichment factors and ecological and toxicity risk indices were used to evaluate the soil's contamination status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed that artisanal gold mining mainly contributed to Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn loadings in the soils, whereas agricultural practices might have partially contributed to Pb concentrations. Based on the spatial distribution maps of the ecological risk index (RI), the studied soils exhibited low (23–104), moderate (150 ≤ RI &lt; 300), and very high (RI&gt;600) risk levels. Samples with high toxicity units (ΣTU &gt; 4) and toxicity risk index (TRI &gt; 20) were clustered around artisanal gold mining sites. The strong spatial and linear correlations between ΣTU and RI (r² = 0.79), and between RI and TRI (r² = 0.90), suggest that the newly developed toxicity indices are suitable for assessing PTE toxicity in soils.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study's findings demonstrate that, in addition to chemical weathering, uncontrolled artisanal gold mining activities and, to a lesser degree, agricultural practices are likely to threaten soil functioning and food security. The study provides valuable insights into the ongoing global discourse on PTE distribution and its effects on soil environmental quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of heavy mineral sand in Djiboutian coastline (Obock area, SE Afar rift)","authors":"N. Moussa ,&nbsp;J. Etoubleau ,&nbsp;T. Mohamed ,&nbsp;J. Langlade ,&nbsp;M.O. Awaleh","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In this paper, we present the first study of black sand deposits collected along the coastline of the Obock area, which is located in the North East part of Djibouti (SE Afar Rif). This area consists mainly of uplifted madrepores, sand dunes and alluvial deposits.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Geochemical studies were carried out using techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to quantify the heavy mineral sands. Electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to identify minerals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mineral sands have been identified in coastal backshore deposits, containing light minerals (calcite, aragonite, quartz, anorthite, augite, microcline, albite, enstatite, nontronite and diopside) and heavy minerals (hematite, ilmenite, chromite and magnetite). In general, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) are found in the backshore, with averages of TiO₂ (23.9 %) and Fe₂O₃ (53.9 %) in the total of heavy mineral fraction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although, titanomagnetite is not widely exploited in the world due of the treatment to enrich ores with Fe and Ti, the presence of ilmenite and vanadium as trace elements in the subsurface and in titanomagnetite respectively, even at very low grades may potentially justify further of the lateral extent and depth geochemical and drilling investigations in order to upgrade the concentration of titanium oxide in the Obock coastal sands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speciation of arsenic and concentration of cadmium and arsenic in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivated under co-exposure of cadmium/arsenic and different water ponding","authors":"Tatiana Pedron,&nbsp;Valmir Silva,&nbsp;Fernanda Pollo Paniz,&nbsp;Bruno Lemos Batista","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over three billion people consume rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L), an important cereal in the human diet. It is cultivated typically in flooded soils. However, it is also grown in soils with limited water (upland or dryland). There are few studies on the concomitant translocation of As and Cd from soil to rice in different irrigation systems. The present work aimed to verify the influence of 3 irrigation systems (dry soil, semi-dry, and flooded soil) on the absorption and translocation of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in the rice cultivar GURI INTA CL. Four different soil treatments were used in each of these irrigation regimes: As 10 mg kg^-1 only, Cd 10 mg kg^-1 only, 10 mg kg^-1 of As + Cd, and the control group (no As/Cd additions). Arsenic treatment affected the agronomic parameters (stem masses and heights and the mass of grains) of the plants cultivated in dry soil and semi-dry soil. It was observed that the co-exposure in flooded soil presented a higher concentration of total As with the lowest percentage of inorganic As (iAs 37.6 %) in grains. Co-exposure or only As had a similar iAs percentage in grains from plants cultivated under other irrigation systems ( ̴ 55 %). The highest Cd concentration was observed in the dry soil irrigation system, for both roots and grains, mainly in co-exposure treatment. Thus, the rice cultivar GURI INTA CL raised in flooded soils absorb higher amounts of As and lesser amounts of Cd. On the contrary, in dry soil there is higher and lesser absorption of Cd and As, respectively. Therefore, this new knowledge on the dynamics of absorption and translocation of As and Cd in Brazilian rice cultivars can provide mitigation strategies for the contamination of rice grains by toxic elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of toxic elements contamination in cigarettes sold in algeria and associated health risks","authors":"A.I. CHEBLI ,&nbsp;Z. CHELIGHEM ,&nbsp;A. ZERGUI ,&nbsp;A. AMZIANE ,&nbsp;Y. ZEBBICHE ,&nbsp;A. BELLOUM ,&nbsp;S. ABDENNOUR","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Tobacco consumption remains a critical public health concern globally, with Algeria among the highest tobacco-consuming countries in Africa. Cigarettes contain toxic elements like lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and nickel, contributing to severe health risks, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to (i) determine their concentrations in Algerian cigarettes and (ii) evaluate associated non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks in smokers.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Method</h3><div>A total of 200 samples from 25 brands were randomly collected from various retail outlets, then analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). To assess their health risks, Average Daily Dose (ADD), the Hazard Quotient; (HQ), the Hazard Index (HI), and the lifetime average daily dose (LADDi) were calculated and compared with international Studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>Analysed tobacco brands sold in Algeria have found to be contaminated by Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Ni. The highest levels of Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Ni were 19.02 ± 0.26, 0.72 ± 0.02, 0.450 ± 0.05, 8.96 ± 0.18, and 4.93 ± 0.06 μg.<em>g</em>⁻¹ respectively. The limits of quantification (LOQ) were determined as follows: 0.0011 μg/g for Pb, 0.0018 μg/g for Cd, 0.0017 μg/g for Hg, 0.0013 μg/g for Cr, and 0.0014 μg/g for Ni. Recovery rates exceeded 80 % for all elements, ensuring the reliability of the analytical method. The Brand n°06 had the highest content in Pb, Hg, and Cr. This metallic contamination can be due to soil pollution as tobacco plants are highly capable of absorbing toxic elements, but also the manufacturing process and the use of flavours.The non-carcinogenic risk with HI &gt; 1 was found in 96 % of the brands, primarily from lead and cadmium while 44 % had acceptable carcinogenic risks, mainly related to chromium.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the presence of toxic elements in cigarettes sold in Algeria at levels that could pose significant health risks. Given the scarcity of data on this issue in the region, our findings emphasize the need for stricter regulations and further studies to better assess and mitigate the exposure of Algerian smokers to these toxic elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corn (Zea mays L.) production and chlorophyll fluorescence affected by drought stress, N fertilization, and genotype","authors":"Mansour Halimi Soufi,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Mobasser,&nbsp;Ahmad Mehraban,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Ganjali,&nbsp;Khaled Miri","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Corn (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) physiology and production in drought stress conditions may be importantly affected by soil N and plant genotype.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>So, more has yet to be indicated on how drought stress and N fertilization may affect production and chlorophyll florescence of corn genotypes as the objective of the present research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The experiment was a split plot on the basis of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates conducted in two research sites in 2020. Drought stress levels (main plots) including irrigation after 70 mm evaporation from evaporating pan Class A, irrigation stoppage at flowering, grain filling and both flowering and grain filling, N chemical fertilization (sub plots) including control (0), 100, 200, 300 kg ha^-1 and corn genotypes (sub-sub plots) including Kusha 201 (G1), Fajr 260 (G2), and Dehghan 400 (G3) were tested. Different corn morphological (cob diameter, CDM), yield (biological yield, BY, and harvest index, HI) and florescence indices (Fo, Fm, Fv, and Fv/Fm) were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Although drought stress significantly decreased CDM, biological yield, and fluorescence indices, N fertilization (N300) alleviated the stress and G1 had higher BY, and G3 had less CDM (medium) and higher HI and Fo. The significant interaction of drought stress and N fertilization indicates, depending on the level of drought stress, the response of corn genotypes to N fertilization is different.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Depending on stress intensity, determination of appropriate level of N feralization and genotype may result in the most optimum yield production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of trace element pollution and its distribution in surface and groundwater around the Ishwardi export processing zone, Bangladesh","authors":"Nitu Islam ,&nbsp;A. H. M. Selim Reza ,&nbsp;Md. Abdur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md. Shazzadur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Due to industrial development and rapid urbanization, the discharge of industrial effluents significantly impacts the environment and ecosystems, particularly affecting surface and groundwater systems. This study assesses trace element contamination near the Ishwardi Export Processing Zone (IEPZ) in Bangladesh, with the aim of evaluating trace element concentrations in both surface and groundwater and their potential environmental impacts in and around the IEPZ.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Fourteen samples, including industrial waste, groundwater, and river water, were collected from the IEPZ. The concentrations of trace elements like Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Co in the collected samples were measured. Statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA), were performed with a confidence level of 95 % and a significance threshold of <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>Levels of Pb, Cu, and Ni exceeded World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines in some samples, with Pb ranging from 4.3 to 34.3 µg <span>l</span>^-1, indicating potential health risks. The Contamination Index (Cd) varied from -2.696 to 0.277, reflecting low contamination, while the Metal Pollution Index (MPI) was 1.603, suggesting generally satisfactory water quality. PCA highlighted two components which explained 36.182 % and 28.161 % cumulative variance for PCA1 and PCA2, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study investigates the impact of industrial effluent discharge on surface and groundwater quality around the IEPZ, Bangladesh. Among the trace elements, Pb showed the highest concentration, likely due to battery recycling/manufacturing at one of the factories in the IEPZ. The wastewater flows into nearby rivers and also leaches into the surrounding groundwater. These findings emphasize the need for ongoing monitoring and improved waste management to mitigate the environmental impacts of industrial discharges in the IEPZ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}