Journal of trace elements and minerals最新文献_第7页

Source apportionment, ecological and toxicological risk assessment of trace metals in agricultural soils of Wabane, South West Region, Cameroon 喀麦隆西南地区瓦巴纳农业土壤中微量金属的来源分析、生态和毒理学风险评估

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100218

Guedjeo Christian Suh , Ngambu Aloysius Afahnwie , Anicet Feudjio Tiabou , Kouankap Nono Gus Djibril , Adze Rene Meniemoh , Lemnyuy Prosper Yiika

Background

This study seeks to evaluate the origins, ecological implications, and ecotoxicological risks of trace metals using single and cumulative pollution indicators as well as mitigation strategies in the agricultural soils of Wabane, Cameroon.

Methods

The soil samples were analyzed by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry).

Results and Discussion

The agricultural soil samples exhibit high levels of Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃, which have high adsorption capacity for trace metals and are important carriers of trace metal migration and enrichment. The results highlight significant concentrations of Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Hg, Mn, La, Sn and Zn above the geochemical threshold values, sourced from mixed provenance. Contamination assessment indicators: contamination factor (CF: 1–6), pollution load index (PLI: 0.02–1.23), and enrichment factor (EF: 0.21–604.80) suggest soil contamination and metallic pollution. The potential ecological risk indicators show minimal ecological effect of trace metals on the soil ecosystem. Toxic risk index (TRI: 0.36–7.60) and toxicity unit analysis (TUs: 0.004 to 0.96) indicates low toxicity, suggesting low toxicological effects of trace metals on the soil ecosystem. According to Pearson correlation matrix and principal component analysis, while Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and V were obtained from geogenic provenance, As, Cd, Pb, Hg and Mn originate from geogenic as well as anthropogenic input sources.

Conclusion

Lithogenic processes and anthropogenic practices contribute to contamination and metallic pollution of the soil ecosystem.

Recommendations

Concrete monitoring and mitigation measures (low metal cultivars, biochar, etc.) must be taken to reduce trace metal accumulation from point and non-point sources entering agricultural soils. This research acts as a baseline study to potential soil contamination and metal toxicity in soils within the vicinity of Mount Bamboutos.

本研究旨在评估喀麦隆瓦巴纳农业土壤中微量金属的来源、生态影响和生态毒理学风险，使用单一和累积污染指标以及缓解策略。方法采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对土壤样品进行分析。结果与讨论农业土壤样品中Al2O3和Fe2O3含量较高，对微量金属具有较高的吸附能力，是微量金属迁移和富集的重要载体。结果显示，Co、Cu、Cr、Ni、Hg、Mn、La、Sn和Zn均高于地球化学阈值，且物源混合。污染评价指标：污染因子（CF: 1 ~ 6）、污染负荷指数（PLI: 0.02 ~ 1.23）和富集因子（EF: 0.21 ~ 604.80）提示土壤污染和金属污染。潜在生态风险指标显示，微量金属对土壤生态系统的生态效应最小。毒性风险指数（TRI: 0.36 ~ 7.60）和毒性单位分析（TUs: 0.004 ~ 0.96）显示为低毒性，表明微量金属对土壤生态系统的毒理学效应较低。根据Pearson相关矩阵和主成分分析，Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn、V来源于地源，As、Cd、Pb、Hg、Mn来源于地源和人为输入源。结论成岩作用和人为活动对土壤生态系统的污染和金属污染有一定的促进作用。建议必须采取具体的监测和缓解措施（低金属品种、生物炭等），以减少从点源和非点源进入农业土壤的微量金属积累。这项研究是对竹木山附近土壤中潜在土壤污染和金属毒性的基线研究。

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引用次数: 0

Trace element and mercury speciation analysis in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) 巴拉圭马黛茶中微量元素和汞的形态分析

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100217

María Victoria Panzl , Jarol R. Miranda-Andrades , Wendy J. Sandoval Rojano , Joseane A. Mendes , Tatiana D. Saint'Pierre , Alejandra Rodríguez-Haralambides , Ricardo Q. Aucelio

Background

Yerba mate, a popular beverage in South America, is rich in bioactive compounds and minerals. However, yerba mate leaves may contain toxic metals and environmental contaminants. This study performed multi-element analyses using ICP-MS and ICP OES and mercury speciation by GC-CV-AFS and CV–AAS to profile infusions of ten yerba mate samples consumed in Brazil and Uruguay.

Materials and methods

For ICP OES and ICP-MS analyses, 500 mg infusions of samples were prepared and diluted with 10 % v/v HNO₃. Ultrasonic-assisted extractions of mercurial species were made followed by distillation and dilution with water for CV-AAS. For GC-CV-AFS speciation, samples were extracted and distilled, using 200 μL aliquots for analysis.

Results

The most abundant elements in the digested solid samples were K, Ca, and Mg, whereas in infusions the ranges were up to 9.18 mg g⁻¹ for K, 0.68 mg g⁻¹ for Ca, and 2.74 mg g⁻¹ for Mg. Pb presented a mean concentration of 260 µg kg⁻¹ in leaves but it was not found in infusions. Hg²⁺ was found from 0.67 to 0.96 μg kg⁻¹ in leaves with one sample presenting 0.67 μg kg⁻¹ of CH₃Hg.

Conclusion

K, Ca, and Mg were the most abundant elements in the yerba mate samples. Four samples showed ultra-trace concentrations of Hg²⁺ and one of CH₃Hg.

马黛茶是一种在南美洲很受欢迎的饮料，富含生物活性化合物和矿物质。然而，马黛茶的叶子可能含有有毒金属和环境污染物。本研究采用ICP- ms和ICP OES进行多元素分析，并采用GC-CV-AFS和CV-AAS对巴西和乌拉圭消费的10种马茶茶样品进行汞形态分析。材料和方法ICP- OES和ICP- ms分析：制备500 mg样品，用10% v/v HNO3稀释。采用超声辅助提取法提取汞，经蒸馏水稀释后进行紫外吸收分光光度法。GC-CV-AFS样品提取，用200 μL的浓度进行分析。结果溶出固体样品中含量最高的元素为K、Ca和Mg，而输液样品中K、Ca和Mg含量分别高达9.18 Mg g−1、0.68 Mg g−1和2.74 Mg g−1。Pb在叶片中的平均浓度为260µg kg−1，而在浸剂中没有发现。叶片中Hg2+含量在0.67 ~ 0.96 μg kg−1之间，其中一个样品CH3Hg含量为0.67 μg kg−1。结论马黛茶样品中钾、钙、镁元素含量最高。4个样品显示超微量浓度的Hg2+和1个CH3Hg。

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引用次数: 0

Inorganic constituents in cassava derivatives: Total concentration, dietary intake and bioaccessibility 木薯衍生物中的无机成分：总浓度、膳食摄入量和生物可及性

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100216

Leilane R. Santos , Filipe B. Santana , Hilária F.A. Silveira , Wellington C. de Carvalho , Laís A. Souza , Rennan Geovanny O. Araujo , Maria Graças A. Korn , Daniele Cristina M.B. Santos

Introduction

The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration and in vitro bioaccessibility of inorganic constituents in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) derivatives marketed in Brazil, aiming to uncover new data on the distribution and bioaccessibility of Mn and Mg. By identifying patterns in bioaccessibility, the study aims to provide crucial insights into the dietary impact of these chemical elements, with a focus on nutritional benefits and health risks.

Methods

The concentrations of As, Ba, Cd, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb, Se, Sr, V, and Zn were determined in cassava samples using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after sample decomposition employed closed digester block and diluited nitric acid.

Results and Discussion

The concentration ranges (in μg g^-1) were: Ba (<0.32 - 0.60), Ca (<11- 542), Fe (<0.39 - 111), K (156 - 7362), Mg (9.8 - 533), Na (<3.1 - 98), P (58 - 1774) and Sr (<0.005 - 3.85). The concentration ranges (in ng g^-1) obtained were: As (<12 - 158), Cd (<9 - 47), Co (<17 - 295), Cu (<90 - 1159), Mn (70 - 2523), Pb (<14 - 521), Se (<16 - 215), V (<6 - 106) and Zn (<3208 - 7277). The consumption of 100 g of starch contributes to the intake of Ca (1.0 - 2.8 %), Cu (3.8 - 2.9 %), Fe (1.2 - 12.4 %), Mg (0.2 – 11.0 %), Mn (0.6 - 8.0 %), P (1.6 - 18.0 %), Se (26.3 – 26.8 %) and Zn (4.0 – 6.0 %). No health risk was distributed for As and Cd. For Pb, the concentrations were three times higher than the legislated values in Brazil. The estimated bioaccessibility of Mg (up to 80 %) and Mn (up to 43 %) suggests that these chemical elements can be available for absorption and may contribute positively to dietary intake when consuming cassava derivatives.

Conclusion

This study makes a significant contribution by proposing a simple and low-cost procedure for evaluating the mineral composition of cassava samples, as well as bioaccessibility estimation of Mn and Mg, providing new nutritional information of interest to public health.

本研究的目的是评估在巴西上市的木薯（Manihot esculenta Crantz）衍生物中无机成分的浓度和体外生物可及性，旨在揭示Mn和Mg分布和生物可及性的新数据。通过确定生物可及性模式，该研究旨在为这些化学元素对饮食的影响提供重要见解，重点关注营养益处和健康风险。方法采用密闭消化池块体和稀释硝酸对木薯样品进行分解后，采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定样品中As、Ba、Cd、Ca、Co、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Na、Pb、Se、Sr、V、Zn的浓度。结果与讨论浓度范围（μg -1）： Ba （<0.32 ~ 0.60）、Ca （<11 ~ 542）、Fe （<0.39 ~ 111）、K （< 156 ~ 7362）、Mg（9.8 ~ 533）、Na （<3.1 ~ 98）、P（58 ~ 1774）、Sr （<0.005 ~ 3.85）。得到的浓度范围为：As （<12 ~ 158）、Cd （<9 ~ 47）、Co （<17 ~ 295）、Cu （<90 ~ 1159）、Mn（70 ~ 2523）、Pb （<14 ~ 521）、Se （<16 ~ 215）、V （<6 ~ 106）、Zn （<3208 ~ 7277）。每摄入100克淀粉有助于钙（1.0 ~ 2.8%）、铜（3.8 ~ 2.9%）、铁（1.2 ~ 12.4%）、镁（0.2 ~ 11.0%）、锰（0.6 ~ 8.0%）、磷（1.6 ~ 18.0%）、硒（26.3 ~ 26.8%）和锌（4.0 ~ 6.0%）的摄入。砷和镉没有健康风险，而铅的浓度是巴西法定值的三倍。估计的Mg（高达80%）和Mn（高达43%）的生物可及性表明，这些化学元素可以被吸收，并且在食用木薯衍生物时可能对饮食摄入量有积极的贡献。结论本研究提出了一种简单、低成本的木薯样品矿物成分评估方法，以及锰和镁的生物可及性评估方法，为公众健康提供了新的营养信息。

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引用次数: 0

Wound healing potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles of Glycyrrhiza glabra linn root extract: A preclinical study 甘草根提取物绿色合成银纳米颗粒的伤口愈合潜力：临床前研究

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100214

Laxman S. Vijapur , Mallappa Shalavadi , Anita R. Desai , Jayadev N. Hiremath , Avinash S. Gudigennavar , Somlingesh L. Shidramshettar , Shreyanka R. Hiremath , Malleswara Rao Peram , Bharatesh S. Kittur

Background

The research emphasizes the eco-friendly and sustainable approach of nanoparticle synthesis, leveraging the medicinal properties inherent in Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, which is known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. By combining the therapeutic potential of the plant extract with the wound-healing capabilities of silver nanoparticles, the study seeks to develop an innovative, biocompatible, and effective treatment for enhanced wound healing process in excision and incision rat model.

Methods

Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn root was extracted with alcohol and utilized in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized, formulated into gel, and evaluated for their potential to heal wound in rat wound model.

Results

The results of the study showed that the detection of ultra-violet visible spectroscopy peaks at 412 nm and 403 nm. The presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols in plant extract caused the capping and bio-reduction of silver, as demonstrated by FTIR. Silver nanoparticles that were biosynthesized were in between 69.7 and 419.1 nm in size. The study's formulation of synthesized silver nanoparticles demonstrated significant wound healing potential by promoting wound contraction and accelerating healing after 21 days of study, which was demonstrated by histopathological evaluation and complete epithelialization with regenerated hair follicles and higher collagen tissue.

Conclusion

The current study found that the biomolecules of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn root alcoholic extract, which are responsible for augmenting the plant extract's capacity to heal wounds, were capped on silver nanoparticles.

本研究强调生态友好和可持续的纳米颗粒合成方法，利用甘草提取物固有的药用特性，其具有抗菌、抗炎和抗氧化特性。通过将植物提取物的治疗潜力与银纳米颗粒的伤口愈合能力相结合，该研究旨在开发一种创新的、生物相容性的、有效的治疗方法，以增强切除和切口大鼠模型的伤口愈合过程。方法采用醇提法提取光甘草根，绿色合成纳米银。对合成的绿色纳米颗粒进行表征，配制成凝胶，并在大鼠伤口模型中评估其愈合潜力。结果研究结果表明，检测到的紫外可见光谱峰在412 nm和403 nm处。FTIR表明，植物提取物中单宁、皂苷、黄酮类和酚类物质的存在导致银的盖顶和生物还原。生物合成的银纳米颗粒的尺寸在69.7到419.1 nm之间。经过21天的研究，该研究合成的银纳米颗粒配方通过促进伤口收缩和加速愈合显示出显著的伤口愈合潜力，这在组织病理学评估和再生毛囊和高胶原组织的完全上皮化中得到了证明。结论本研究发现，甘草根醇提物中增加其创面愈合能力的生物分子被包裹在银纳米粒子上。

{"title":"Wound healing potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles of Glycyrrhiza glabra linn root extract: A preclinical study","authors":"Laxman S. Vijapur , Mallappa Shalavadi , Anita R. Desai , Jayadev N. Hiremath , Avinash S. Gudigennavar , Somlingesh L. Shidramshettar , Shreyanka R. Hiremath , Malleswara Rao Peram , Bharatesh S. Kittur","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The research emphasizes the eco-friendly and sustainable approach of nanoparticle synthesis, leveraging the medicinal properties inherent in <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> extract, which is known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. By combining the therapeutic potential of the plant extract with the wound-healing capabilities of silver nanoparticles, the study seeks to develop an innovative, biocompatible, and effective treatment for enhanced wound healing process in excision and incision rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> Linn root was extracted with alcohol and utilized in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized, formulated into gel, and evaluated for their potential to heal wound in rat wound model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of the study showed that the detection of ultra-violet visible spectroscopy peaks at 412 nm and 403 nm. The presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols in plant extract caused the capping and bio-reduction of silver, as demonstrated by FTIR. Silver nanoparticles that were biosynthesized were in between 69.7 and 419.1 nm in size. The study's formulation of synthesized silver nanoparticles demonstrated significant wound healing potential by promoting wound contraction and accelerating healing after 21 days of study, which was demonstrated by histopathological evaluation and complete epithelialization with regenerated hair follicles and higher collagen tissue.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study found that the biomolecules of <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> Linn root alcoholic extract, which are responsible for augmenting the plant extract's capacity to heal wounds, were capped on silver nanoparticles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of various feed additives on nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, blood metabolite levels, and gut microbiota composition in japanese quail chicks 不同饲料添加剂对日本鹌鹑雏鸡营养物质消化率、消化酶活性、血液代谢物水平和肠道菌群组成的影响

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100213

Hassan Saleh , Omid Jangjou , Mohammad Taher Mirakzehi , Seyedeh Hamideh Hosseni

Background

The poultry industry is currently facing significant challenges in maintaining disease control and achieving optimal growth following the removal of growth-promoting antibiotics. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the N Y effects of fumaric acid (FUA), iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), probiotics (Protaxin), and prebiotics (active MOS, mannan oligosaccharide) on nutrient digestibility, digestive enzymes, blood metabolites, antioxidant and immune status, and intestinal microbiota in Japanese quail chicks.

Methods

A total of 600 hatched Japanese quail (1-week-old) were randomly allocated to six groups, each containing five replicates with 20 birds in each. The birds were fed a diet based on corn and soybeans (negative control, NC) and supplemented with 0.25 g/kg of tetracycline antibiotic (PC), 0.20 g/kg of FUA, 0.4 g/kg of IONPs, 0.1 g/kg of probiotic (PRO), or 0.4 g/kg of prebiotic (MOS).

Results

Japanese quail chicks that were fed a diet containing iron oxide nanoparticles and antibiotics exhibited a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in body weight gain (BWG) between 1 and 5 weeks of age (5.65 and 5.67 g/d, respectively). Among the experimental groups, those that received diets supplemented with iron oxide nanoparticles, fumaric acid, and antibiotics demonstrated the most favorable feed conversion coefficient during the 1–5-week period. Quails that were fed fumaric acid and probiotics exhibited the highest levels of digestibility for crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF), respectively. Quails that were administered fumaric acid displayed the highest levels of amylase and protease activity compared to the other groups (17.75 and 0.84 U/I, respectively). However, no significant difference in lipase activity was observed among the various dietary supplements. The levels of LDL, TG, MDA, ALT, IgG, and IgM were influenced by the experimental treatments. Quail chicks fed diets containing iron oxide nanoparticles and fumaric acid displayed a higher prevalence of Lactobacillus and Bacillus species. In contrast, quail chicks that received diets containing tetracycline antibiotics exhibited a decreased presence of Clostridium species and E. coli in the ileum, as compared to the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The inclusion of iron oxide nanoparticles and fumaric acid supplementation in the diet of quail chicks has been found to enhance their growth, nutrient digestibility, immune response, antioxidant status, digestive enzymes, and intestinal health. Furthermore, these additives demonstrate potential as alternatives to antibiotics in the diet of in Japanese quail chicks.

家禽业目前面临着在去除促生长抗生素后保持疾病控制和实现最佳生长的重大挑战。本研究旨在评价富马酸（FUA）、氧化铁纳米颗粒（IONPs）、益生菌（Protaxin）和益生元（活性MOS、甘露聚糖低聚糖）对日本鹌鹑雏鸡营养物质消化率、消化酶、血液代谢物、抗氧化和免疫状态以及肠道微生物群的影响。方法选用1周龄日本鹌鹑600只，随机分为6组，每组5个重复，每个重复20只。饲喂以玉米和大豆为基础的饲粮（阴性对照，NC），在此基础上添加0.25 g/kg四环素抗生素（PC）、0.20 g/kg FUA、0.4 g/kg IONPs、0.1 g/kg益生菌（PRO）或0.4 g/kg益生元（MOS）。结果饲喂含有氧化铁纳米颗粒和抗生素的日粮的日本鹌鹑雏鸡的死亡率有统计学意义的增加(p <；1 ~ 5周龄体重增重（BWG）分别为5.65和5.67 g/d。在试验组中，饲料中添加氧化铁纳米颗粒、富马酸和抗生素的组在1 - 5周的饲料系数最高。富马酸组和益生菌组鹌鹑对粗蛋白质（CP）和粗纤维（CF）的消化率最高。富马酸组的淀粉酶和蛋白酶活性最高，分别为17.75和0.84 U/I。然而，在不同的膳食补充剂中，脂肪酶活性没有显著差异。LDL、TG、MDA、ALT、IgG和IgM水平受实验处理的影响。饲粮中添加氧化铁纳米颗粒和富马酸的鹌鹑雏鸡乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌的感染率较高。相比之下，与对照组相比，喂食含有四环素抗生素的鹌鹑雏鸡回肠中梭状芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌的存在有所减少(p <；0.05)。结论在鹌鹑雏鸡饲粮中添加氧化铁纳米颗粒和富马酸可促进其生长、营养物质消化率、免疫反应、抗氧化能力、消化酶和肠道健康。此外，这些添加剂在日本鹌鹑雏鸡的饲料中显示出替代抗生素的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Clove oil as a neuromodulator in environmental cadmium cognitive impairment on the prefrontal cortex of Wistar rats 丁香油在环境镉对Wistar大鼠前额皮质认知损伤中的神经调节剂作用

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100212

Obinna O. Uchewa, Chinedu B. Egwuagu, Ogugua A. EGWU, Augustine O. Ibegbu

Background

Trace elements in the environment are neurotoxins and severely affect the nervous system, which can impair cognitive ability.

Objective

To investigate the neuromodulatory role of clove oil (CLO) in Cd-induced cognitive impairment.

Methods

Thirty-five Wistar rats randomly assigned into five groups of seven were used. Group A received water, group B received 20 mg/kg of Cd, C received 10 mg/kg of CLO, D received 20 mg/kg of CLO, and E received 20 mg/kg of DMSO. All groups except A received 20 mg/kg of Cd before treatment. Sociability Chamber Tests (SCT) and Novel Object Recognition Tests (NORT) were used to test recognition memory as social behavior in rodents. The estimated GST, GPx, GSH, and GOT enzymes were by blood sample.

Results

GSH and GST levels significantly decreased in the untreated but increased in the treated groups at P < 0.05. The discrimination index reduced in the untreated group (p < 0.05) while the reduction continued in groups C and E (0.14±0.09 and 0.27±0.02), and group D increased (0.81±0.02). In the SCT, group B spent significant time in the common chamber, which increased significantly in groups C and D but decreased in E. Microscopically, group A showed normal histoarchitecture and several alterations in group B. In contrast, treated groups showed improvement in cell regeneration.

Conclusion

Clove oil alleviates cadmium toxicity by increasing antioxidant activity and improving cognition in rats.

环境中的微量元素是神经毒素，严重影响神经系统，损害认知能力。目的探讨丁香油（cloo）对cd所致认知障碍的神经调节作用。方法35只Wistar大鼠随机分为5组，每组7只。A组为水，B组为Cd 20 mg/kg， C组为CLO 10 mg/kg， D组为CLO 20 mg/kg， E组为DMSO 20 mg/kg。除A组外，其余各组治疗前均给予Cd 20 mg/kg。采用社会性室测验（SCT）和新物体识别测验（NORT）对啮齿类动物的识别记忆进行社会行为测试。测定GST、GPx、GSH和GOT酶。结果未治疗组gsh和GST水平显著降低，治疗组在P <时升高；0.05. 未治疗组辨别指数降低(p <；C组和E组继续降低（0.14±0.09和0.27±0.02），D组升高（0.81±0.02）。在SCT中，B组在公共室中停留的时间明显增加，C组和D组明显增加，e组明显减少。显微镜下，A组组织结构正常，B组有一些改变。结论丁香油可通过提高大鼠抗氧化活性和改善认知功能来减轻镉毒性。

{"title":"Clove oil as a neuromodulator in environmental cadmium cognitive impairment on the prefrontal cortex of Wistar rats","authors":"Obinna O. Uchewa, Chinedu B. Egwuagu, Ogugua A. EGWU, Augustine O. Ibegbu","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Trace elements in the environment are neurotoxins and severely affect the nervous system, which can impair cognitive ability.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the neuromodulatory role of clove oil (CLO) in Cd-induced cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-five Wistar rats randomly assigned into five groups of seven were used. Group A received water, group B received 20 mg/kg of Cd, C received 10 mg/kg of CLO, D received 20 mg/kg of CLO, and E received 20 mg/kg of DMSO. All groups except A received 20 mg/kg of Cd before treatment. Sociability Chamber Tests (SCT) and Novel Object Recognition Tests (NORT) were used to test recognition memory as social behavior in rodents. The estimated GST, GPx, GSH, and GOT enzymes were by blood sample.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GSH and GST levels significantly decreased in the untreated but increased in the treated groups at <em>P</em> < 0.05. The discrimination index reduced in the untreated group (<em>p</em> < 0.05) while the reduction continued in groups C and E (0.14±0.09 and 0.27±0.02), and group D increased (0.81±0.02). In the SCT, group B spent significant time in the common chamber, which increased significantly in groups C and D but decreased in E. Microscopically, group A showed normal histoarchitecture and several alterations in group B. In contrast, treated groups showed improvement in cell regeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Clove oil alleviates cadmium toxicity by increasing antioxidant activity and improving cognition in rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Organic iron and iodine in laying hen diet: Performance, egg quality, thyroid hormones, antioxidant status, serum and yolk lipids, and egg iron and iodine contents 蛋鸡日粮中的有机铁和碘：生产性能、蛋品质、甲状腺激素、抗氧化状态、血清和蛋黄脂质以及蛋铁和碘含量

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100211

Sima Sarlak , Sayed Ali Tabeidian , Majid Toghyani , Amir Davar Foroozandeh Shahraki , Mohammad Goli , Mahmood Habibian

Introduction

Eggs can be enriched with iron and iodine through the diet. However, high levels of iron and iodine negatively influence the egg quality and performance of birds. This problem may be overcome by organic forms of minerals.

Materials and methods

In this study, the effects of ferrous glycine and ethylenediamine dihydroiodide as sources of iron and iodine on hen performance, egg quality, antioxidant status, and iron and iodine contents of eggs were evaluated in a 16-wk dietary experiment. A factorial arrangement including 3 levels (0, 120, 240 mg.kg^-1) of supplemental iron and 3 levels (0, 1.0, and 5.0 mg.kg^-1) of supplemental iodine was utilized.

Results

Dietary iodine did not affect bird performance. However, egg laying and feed intake decreased, and feed conversion ratio increased in the absence of supplemental iron. Diets without supplemental iron increased abnormal eggs along with decreasing the eggshell quality (weight, thickness, strength, and calcium content) and disturbing the serum and egg yolk lipids. This paralleled the reduction of serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine and disruption of the oxidative status in the serum and eggs. The highest production of abnormal eggs and the lowest eggshell weight and thickness occurred with diet containing no supplemental iron and 0.5 mg.kg^-1 of iodine. The application of iron and iodine resulted in elevated levels of these elements in the eggs, with the increase in iodine content demonstrating a dose-dependent relationship. Moreover, while iron contents were constant between 8 and 16 wk, iodine contents showed increasing trends with 0.5 mg.kg^-1 of iodine.

Conclusion

It is advisable to enhance the diet with 120 mg.kg^-1 of organic iron and 1 mg.kg^-1 of organic iodine to ensure optimal performance, egg quality, and overall health in laying hens.

鸡蛋可以通过饮食来补充铁和碘。然而，高水平的铁和碘会对鸟类的蛋质量和生产性能产生负面影响。有机形式的矿物可以克服这个问题。材料与方法本研究通过16周的饲粮试验，研究甘氨酸亚铁和二氢碘乙二胺作为铁和碘源对母鸡生产性能、蛋品质、抗氧化能力和鸡蛋铁和碘含量的影响。采用因子排列，包括3个水平（0、120、240 mg.kg-1）的补充铁和3个水平（0、1.0和5.0 mg.kg-1）的补充碘。结果饲粮碘对家禽生产性能无明显影响。但在不添加铁的情况下，产蛋率和采食量降低，饲料系数升高。不添加铁的饲粮增加了异常蛋，降低了蛋壳质量（重量、厚度、强度和钙含量），扰乱了血清和蛋黄脂质。这与血清甲状腺素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸的减少以及血清和鸡蛋中氧化状态的破坏是平行的。在不添加铁和0.5 mg的饲粮中，蛋鸡的异常蛋产量最高，蛋壳重量和厚度最低。千克一碘。铁和碘的应用导致鸡蛋中这些元素的水平升高，碘含量的增加显示出剂量依赖关系。铁含量在8 ~ 16周保持不变，碘含量在0.5 mg时呈增加趋势。千克一碘。结论在日粮中添加120 mg为宜。一公斤一公斤的有机铁和一毫克。以确保蛋鸡的最佳生产性能、蛋品质和整体健康。

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引用次数: 0

Speciation studies of potentially toxic elements within the vicinity of major dumpsites in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria 尼日利亚奥孙州伊莱-伊夫主要垃圾场附近潜在有毒元素的物种形成研究

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100210

Oluwakemi O. Tovide , John A.O. Oyekunle , Odunayo T. Ore , Bukola A. Oyebode , Elizabeth O. Moseri , Abolanle S. Adekunle , Oluwasegun Oluwarotimi , Aderemi O. Ogunfowokan , Adebayo O. Eludoyin

Background

This study evaluated the concentrations, speciation, and environmental risks of aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in the major refuse dumpsite soils of Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Methods

Soil samples were collected from refuse dumpsite soils in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. The soil samples were digested using HCl and HNO₃ and analysed for total metal concentrations. The soil samples were equally subjected to six-step chemical fractionation protocol for speciation analysis. The metal levels were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.

Results

The findings showed a mean distribution pattern of Mn > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Al. The speciation analysis indicated that the water-soluble, exchangeable, and carbonate fractions contained more than 80 % of the metals, implying high solubility and bioavailability. The organic and residual fractions had minimal metal forms. Environmental risk assessment indices all pointed to low contamination and ecological risk, with the majority of values being less than 1. The study found that the dumpsite soils presented little environmental concern, even though metal amounts varied throughout sampling points.

Conclusion

These findings emphasised that when evaluating the possible ecological effects of potentially toxic element contamination in an environment, metal speciation should be taken into account in addition to total metal concentrations so as to have a better overview of the contamination status of the environment.

本研究评估了尼日利亚Osun州Ile-Ife主要垃圾场土壤中铝（Al）、镉（Cd）、锰（Mn）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）和铜（Cu）的浓度、形态和环境风险。方法采集尼日利亚奥逊州Ile-Ife垃圾填埋场土壤样品。用HCl和HNO3消化土壤样品，分析总金属浓度。土壤样品同样接受六步化学分馏方案进行物种形成分析。用原子吸收分光光度计测定金属含量。结果Mn >；锌比;铜比;Pb祝辞Cd比;Al.形态分析表明，水溶性、交换性和碳酸盐组分的金属含量超过80%，具有较高的溶解度和生物利用度。有机和残余馏分有最小的金属形式。环境风险评价指标均为低污染和生态风险，且绝大多数值小于1。研究发现，垃圾场的土壤几乎没有环境问题，尽管金属含量在各个采样点都有所不同。结论这些发现强调，在评估环境中潜在有毒元素污染可能产生的生态影响时，除了考虑总金属浓度外，还应考虑金属形态，以便更好地了解环境的污染状况。

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引用次数: 0

Concentration and health risk assessment of toxic metals in giblets of free-range chickens in Lokoja, Nigeria 尼日利亚洛科贾散养鸡内脏中有毒金属的浓度和健康风险评估

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100209

Jude Ehwevwerhere Emurotu , Tenimu Adogah Abubakar , Loveth Chukwu , Queen Ese Umudi , Victory Imokan Imumorin , Gloria D. Paul , Grace Unekwuojo Oboni

Background

Potentially toxic metals present in food and food products are a threat to humans. To monitor the quality of giblets consumed and to evaluate the risk to the public's health, this study aimed to determine the residual concentrations of heavy metals (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the gizzard, kidney, and liver of free-range chickens.

Methods

The mean concentration of metals in the giblets was determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The mean was used to assess the cancer risk, hazard index, total hazard quotient, and estimated daily intake of the metals under investigation.

Results

Metal concentrations ranged from 17.6 - 105.6 (Al), nd to 3.15 (As), nd - 4.38 (Cr), 0.26 - 73.6 (Mn), nd - 7.21(Ni), nd - 6.67 (Pb), and 8.42 - 63.3 (Zn) mg kg⁻¹. The mean concentrations measured exceeded JECFA's Maximum Allowable Concentrations limit except for Al and Cd. Cd was below the detection limit. The estimated daily intake of the toxic metals As, Cr, Ni, and Pb exceeded the threshold limit. The metals' calculated Target Hazard Quotient and Hazard Index values were 〈 1. The percentage contribution of Pb to the HI value was the highest. The HI was 66.9% and 65.4% in adults and children, respectively. The HI sequence through the consumption of giblets in adults is Pb 〉 As > Cr > Ni > Zn > Al > Mn. The corresponding sequence in children is Pb > As > Cr > Mn > Ni, Zn > Al. The carcinogenic risk of As, Cr, Ni, and Pb exceeded the threshold limit, indicating a potential cancer risk through consumption.

Conclusion

Free-range chickens are not selective in picking their food in the environment hence strict regime of proper disposal of waste products containing metals into the environment should be advocated and followed.

食品和食品产品中存在的潜在有毒金属对人类构成威胁。为了监测鸡粪的质量并评估其对公众健康的危害，本研究旨在测定散养鸡砂囊、肾脏和肝脏中重金属（Al、As、Cd、Cr、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn）的残留浓度。方法采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定猪粪中金属的平均浓度。该平均值用于评估癌症风险、危害指数、总危害商数和所调查金属的估计每日摄入量。结果金属浓度分别为17.6 ~ 105.6 (Al) ~ 3.15 （As）、4.38 （Cr）、0.26 ~ 73.6 （Mn）、7.21（Ni）、6.67 （Pb）、8.42 ~ 63.3 (Zn) mg kg−1。除Al和Cd外，其余平均浓度均超过JECFA的最大允许浓度限值，Cd均低于检测限。砷、铬、镍和铅等有毒金属的每日摄入量超过了阈值。金属的计算目标危害商和危害指数值均< 1。Pb对HI值的贡献率最大。成人和儿童的HI分别为66.9%和65.4%。成人通过消耗肝脏的HI序列为Pb b> As >；Cr祝辞倪祝辞锌比;阿尔比;锰。在儿童中对应的序列为Pb >；比;Cr祝辞Mn祝辞Ni, Zn >；a . As、Cr、Ni、Pb的致癌风险超过阈值，表明食用具有潜在的致癌风险。结论散养鸡在环境中对食物没有选择性，应提倡和遵循严格的含金属废物处置制度。

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引用次数: 0

Exploratory analysis of potential toxic elements in Moroccan couscous and health risk evaluation utilizing ICP-OES 摩洛哥蒸粗麦粉中潜在有毒元素的探索性分析及ICP-OES健康风险评价

Journal of trace elements and minerals

Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100207

Othmane Hammani , Najlae El-Otmani , Omar Ben Lenda , Hamza El Azhari , Abderrazak Rfaki , Naima Lahlouhi , Youssef Mourad , Abdelaziz Abdallaoui

Background

The Moroccan diet is reliant on a number of plant-based proteins and calories, which are integral components of couscous and various baked goods. These include durum wheat, barley, whole corn, and rice, which provide essential nutrients in the form of protein and calories. However, these grains are susceptible to the accumulation of trace elements that can have adverse effects on human health. In order to address this concern, our exploratory study assessed the contamination levels in couscous samples available in Morocco in 2023, focusing on lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) due to their severe health impacts even at low concentrations, as noted by the WHO.

Study Area

Twenty-four couscous samples procured from diverse markets in Rabat, Sale, and Temara, which are located in the northern part of Morocco.

Methods

The samples were subjected to analysis using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) following the complete mineralisation of the samples.

Results

The results for Cd indicated concentrations ranging from 0.0036 to 0.0144 μg g⁻¹ in 13 samples, with the remaining samples exhibiting levels below the detection limit. With regard to Pb, nine samples exhibited contamination levels that ranged from 0.00461 to 0.00868 μg g⁻¹. It is noteworthy that the levels of Cd were below the detection limit in all of the samples that were analysed. The results of our study demonstrated that all 24 samples exhibited Pb and Cd contents that were below the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) as recommended by the European Commission Regulation No 1881/2006.

Conclusion

The findings provide essential data for the evaluation of the safety and suitability of couscous for human consumption.

摩洛哥饮食依赖于多种植物性蛋白质和卡路里，这些蛋白质和卡路里是蒸粗麦粉和各种烘焙食品的组成部分。这些食物包括硬粒小麦、大麦、全玉米和大米，它们以蛋白质和卡路里的形式提供必需的营养。然而，这些谷物容易积累微量元素，对人体健康产生不利影响。为了解决这一问题，我们的探索性研究评估了2023年摩洛哥提供的粗麦粉样本中的污染水平，重点关注铅（Pb）和镉（Cd），因为世卫组织指出，即使在低浓度下，它们也会对健康产生严重影响。研究区域：从位于摩洛哥北部的拉巴特、塞尔和特马拉的不同市场采购的24份蒸粗麦粉样本。方法样品矿化完成后，采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-OES）对样品进行分析。结果13份样品中Cd含量在0.0036 ~ 0.0144 μg−1之间，其余样品均低于检出限。9个样品的铅污染水平在0.00461 ~ 0.00868 μg−1之间。值得注意的是，所分析的所有样品的镉含量均低于检测限度。研究结果表明，所有24个样品的Pb和Cd含量均低于欧盟委员会第1881/2006号法规建议的最大残留限量（MRL）。结论本研究结果为评价蒸粗麦粉的安全性和适宜性提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0