Journal of trace elements and minerals最新文献

{"title":"Anti-anemic potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles in diet-induced obese rats: Role of hepcidin, oxidative stress, and inflammation","authors":"Samir A.E. Bashandy ,&nbsp;Marawan A. Elbaset ,&nbsp;Fatma A.A. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Sherif A. Abdelmottaleb Moussa ,&nbsp;Noha A. Abd El-Latif ,&nbsp;Sherif M. Afifi ,&nbsp;Tuba Esatbeyoglu ,&nbsp;Ahmed M.A. El-Seidy","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity and overweight result in low-grade systemic inflammation associated with an increase of oxidative stress and hepcidin discharging and lowering iron absorption giving rise to anemia. This study is aimed to investigate the anti-anemic effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂NPs) in obese rats via investigation of hepcidin expression, ferritin, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress parameters</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CeO₂NPs were synthesized using sol–gel method. Eight male rats were specified as control non-obese. Twenty-four Wistar adult male rats were subjected to high fat diet /sucrose and they were divided into 3 groups; obese, 15 or 30 mg.kg⁻¹ CeO₂NPs IP treatment for the subsequent 8 weeks. Blood cell counts, hepicidin gene expression in adipose tissue, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters beside iron parameters were evaluated in the experimental groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CeO₂NPs crystallite size is 48.88 nm. The ratio of Ce⁴⁺ was 69.33 %. The intraperitoneal injection of obese rats with CeO₂NPs substantially reduced the elevetion in WBCs, platelets count, plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor alpha), IL-6 (Interleukin-6), and CRP (C-reactive protein) levels. Also, CeO₂NPs combate the increase of hepcidin gene expression, ferritin level, iron content in adipose tissue, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and plasma leptin concentration of obese rats. Moreover, RBCs and WBCs count, Hb level, adiponectin level, and reduced glutathione (GSH) were enhanced in obese rats given CeO₂NPs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CeO₂NPs may have anti-anemic activity in obese rats via management of hepcidin gene expression along with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of peeled and unpeeled white and red cocoa yam varieties by mineral and vitamin profiles","authors":"Elijah O. Odesanmi ,&nbsp;Deborah O. Jesusanmi ,&nbsp;Olorunfemi R. Molehin ,&nbsp;Modupe A Ogundare ,&nbsp;Omotade I. Oloyede ,&nbsp;Yemisi Alli Smith ,&nbsp;Bukola T. Aluko ,&nbsp;Olajumoke O. Ojo ,&nbsp;Olorunfemi Ojo ,&nbsp;Seun Akomolafe","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cocoa yam (<em>Xanthosoma sagittifolium</em>) is a starchy root vegetable that is widely consumed in tropical regions. As an underutilized crop, its potential as a functional food remains largely unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this current study was to compare peeled and unpeeled white and red cocoa yam varieties, specifically by their emergent mineral and vitamin profiles</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The research employed an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) to detect minerals like iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), and potassium (K), likewise HPLC-UV to detect vitamins like vitamin E,C,A and vitamin K present in peeled and unpeeled white and red cocoa yam.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mineral analysis revealed that the unpeeled red cocoa yam (URCY) and unpeeled white cocoa yam (UWCY) consistently displayed significantly higher levels of macrominerals, such as calcium (123.238±0.02 mg 100 g in UWCY and 115.793±0.56 mg 100 g in URCY), magnesium, sodium, and potassium, compared to the peeled counterparts (PWCY and PRCY). The unpeeled varieties also exhibited greater concentrations of trace minerals, including iron (17.987±0.02 mg 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ in URCY and 63.320±0.03 mg 100 g in UWCY), copper, zinc, and manganese. Interestingly, all varieties had negligible levels of lead, indicating minimal contamination. The vitamin composition analysis further highlighted the importance of the peel. The unpeeled URCY variety demonstrated the highest levels of fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin A (3.947±0.04 μg 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ URCY and 4.315±0.01 μg 100 g in UWCY), vitamin E, and vitamin K. For water-soluble vitamins, URCY also had the greatest amounts of vitamin C (8.652±0.02 mg 100<em>g</em>⁻¹) and vitamin B6.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that the peel of the cocoa yam is a rich source of various essential minerals and vitamins, which are known to confer numerous health benefits. Consuming cocoa yam with the peel intact can provide greater nutritional and functional food benefits to consumers compared to peeled varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elemental bioaccumulation as trophic discriminator in Southeast Alaska gray wolves: Marine-terrestrial diet shifts","authors":"Miranda Brohman ,&nbsp;Gretchen H. Roffler ,&nbsp;Dimitrios G. Giarikos ,&nbsp;David W. Kerstetter ,&nbsp;Amy C. Hirons","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gray wolves (<em>Canis lupus</em>) in Southeast Alaska exhibit diverse foraging strategies shaped by regional ecological factors. Stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) and trace element (TE) analyses were used to evaluate dietary patterns and contaminant exposure in four wolf populations from northern Lynn Canal (Douglas Island, Juneau, Gustavus, and Pleasant Island) from wolf hair samples collected from 2013–2021, along with sea otter (<em>Enhydra lutris</em>) hair in wolf scat collected in 2018–2019. Stable isotope ratios revealed that Juneau wolves predominantly consume terrestrial prey such as Sitka black-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis</em>) and mountain goats (<em>Oreamnos americanus</em>), and wolves on Douglas Island mainly consume Sitka black-tailed deer. In contrast, wolves from Gustavus and Pleasant Island exhibited enriched isotopic signatures, indicating a significant incorporation of marine-derived prey, particularly sea otters. Analysis of TEs revealed higher concentrations in wolves consuming marine-based diets, highlighting potential bioaccumulation risks compared to terrestrial-based diets. Gustavus wolves had the highest geometric mean concentrations for Cr (1.63 µg/g), Hg (4.24 µg/g), and Mo (0.180 µg/g) while Pleasant Island wolves had the highest for Al (153 µg/g), Cd (0.160 µg/g), Co (0.208 µg/g), Fe (343 µg/g), Mn (52.1 µg/g), and V (0.592 µg/g). The Se:Hg ratio also indicated a higher likelihood of mercury toxicity in all wolf populations, underscoring environmental health concerns. Assessing the dietary preferences and prey availability of apex predators, alongside the potential risks posed by elevated TE concentrations, is essential for informing targeted conservation strategies aimed at safeguarding these species across both coastal and inland Southeast Alaska.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulation of minerals and trace elements in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown under different nutrient management and their implications for human health","authors":"Phalguni Das,&nbsp;Protyasha Biswas,&nbsp;Mousumi Akter,&nbsp;Md. Zakir Hossen,&nbsp;Md. Shohidul Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nutrient management strategies significantly influence the bioaccumulation of minerals and trace elements in leafy vegetables, directly affecting crop nutritional quality and human health.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different chemical fertilizers and organic manures on spinach (<em>Spinacia oleracea</em> L.) growth, yield, mineral content, and the potential health implications of consuming these plants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A pot experiment was conducted using spinach cv. Kopi Palong in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included: 100 % vermicompost (VC), 100 % cow dung (CD), 100 % chemical fertilizers (CF), and various combinations of CF with CD or VC (75 % CF + 25 % CD/VC, 50 % CF + 50 % CD/VC, 25 % CF + 75 % CD/VC), plus a control. Growth parameters, mineral nutrient uptake, and trace element concentrations in edible spinach leaves were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant variations were observed in spinach growth, nutrient uptake, and trace element accumulation among the nutrient management treatments. Mixed manure and chemical fertilizer treatments produced the tallest plants with the highest dry weight and moisture content, while 100 % chemical fertilizer resulted in the highest yield. Mineral uptake varied among treatments, indicating the potential to optimize nutrient profiles through specific fertilizer combinations. Trace metal accumulation followed the order Fe &gt; Mn &gt; Zn &gt; Cu &gt; Cd &gt; Pb. The highest concentrations in fresh weight (fw) basis recorded were Fe (3.667 mg kg^-1 fw in 100 % VC), Mn (0.598 mg kg^-1 fw in 100 % CD), Zn (0.252 mg kg^-1 fw in 100 % CD), Cu (0.043 mg kg^-1 fw in 100 % VC), and Cd (0.00094 mg kg^-1 fw in 50 % CF + 50 % VC). Pb was below detection in all treatments. Health risk assessments based on hazard indices indicated no noncancerous risk from spinach consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combining organic manures with chemical fertilizers can reduce trace element contamination while enhancing spinach growth and nutrient content, offering safer and more nutritious produce for human consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal evaluation of urbanization impacts on groundwater quality and the risk of human exposure to nitrate-contaminated groundwater","authors":"Joseph I. Nwachukwu ,&nbsp;Leon J. Clarke ,&nbsp;Francis Q. Brearley ,&nbsp;Elias Symeonakis ,&nbsp;Chika V. Nwachukwu","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The study investigates how spatial factors linked to urbanisation in Owerri, Nigeria, contribute to groundwater contamination. It also evaluates the associated public health risks, particularly from poorly designed private boreholes in environmentally sensitive areas.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Groundwater was sampled in two seasons across a ∼100 km² area and analysed for major ions and DOC using ion chromatography and a Shimadzu TOC analyser, respectively. Water Quality Index (WQI) and Synthetic Pollution Index (SPI) were used to evaluate the drinking suitability of groundwater. A non-cancer risk model assessed age-specific health risks. Parameter relationships and variations were analysed using correlation and ANOVA, with sampling locations mapped using a handheld GPS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings showed nitrate (NO₃^-) as a critical contaminant having exceeded the World Health Organization’s (WHO) permissible limit (PL) of 50 µg ml^-1 in c.12 % and 26 % of boreholes in the respective seasons. DOC exceeded the WHO limit in about 83 % of sites during the rainy season but dropped to 2 % in the dry season. Nitrate pollution aligned with urban density patterns, while water quality declined from rainy to dry season, with 70 % to 25 % (WQI) and 13 % to 43 % (SPI) classified as good. Hazard quotients above 1 were recorded in 17 % to 32 % of the population during the rainy season and doubled in the dry season, indicating heightened health risks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study revealed significant seasonal variation in NO₃⁻ and high DOC levels, posing health risks to young children, and recommends Integrated Vulnerable Zone Management (IVZM) for safe water and sustainable urban planning in line with SDG 3.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145332921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metal contamination in tobacco fields: Source identification, bioaccumulation and translocation dynamics, and health risk assessment","authors":"Anupam Roy,&nbsp;M.G. Mostafa,&nbsp;Sabrina Naz","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study comprehensively investigated the sources, accumulation dynamics, and associated risks of heavy metals (HMs), emphasizing the Enrichment Factor (&lt;em&gt;EF&lt;/em&gt;), Bioaccumulation Factor (&lt;em&gt;BAF&lt;/em&gt;), Translocation Factor (&lt;em&gt;TF&lt;/em&gt;), Crop Pollution Index (&lt;em&gt;CPI&lt;/em&gt;), and human health impacts of tobacco consumption. A total of six soil samples, eighteen plant samples (roots, stems, and leaves), and thirty-six fertilizer samples (six types) were analyzed for nine HMs. Tobacco-growing soils exhibited elevated concentrations of Ni, Cd, and As. The &lt;em&gt;EF&lt;/em&gt; analysis revealed geogenic origins for Mn, Cu, and Zn; moderate enrichment of Pb and Cr; and substantial anthropogenic contributions of Ni, As, and Cd in tobacco-cultivated soils. Elevated Cd and Ni levels in Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) and Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) fertilizers identify them as major HM sources in tobacco-growing soils. The &lt;em&gt;BAF&lt;/em&gt; results indicated hyperaccumulation (&lt;em&gt;BAF&lt;/em&gt; &gt; 1) of Cd and Zn, while other metals exhibited low to moderate bioaccumulation. Cd, Ni, and Zn showed strong phytoextraction potential (&lt;em&gt;TF&lt;sub&gt;Leaf&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &gt; 1), whereas Fe, Pb, and Cr displayed phytostabilization behavior (&lt;em&gt;TF&lt;sub&gt;Leaf&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.5). Multivariate analyses, including correlation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Cluster Analysis (CA), revealed two distinct groups: Mn, Ni, Fe, and Zn formed a nutrient-associated cluster, whereas Cd, Cu, Pb, As, and Cr grouped as a toxic metal cluster in terms of translocation behavior. Human health risk assessment revealed low total non-carcinogenic risk (&lt;em&gt;NCR&lt;/em&gt;) but elevated carcinogenic risk (&lt;em&gt;CR&lt;/em&gt;) values (10⁻⁴–10⁻³), particularly among children, seniors, and females, with Cd and Ni as the major contributors. Chewing tobacco with betel leaves (ingestion) accounted for 98.87 % of total &lt;em&gt;CR&lt;/em&gt;, whereas smoking (inhalation) contributed only 1.03 %. The presence of Cd, Pb, As, and Cr also poses significant phytotoxic threats to tobacco plant health. The findings underscore the urgent need for safer and balanced fertilizer practices and strengthened regulatory frameworks to mitigate HM contamination in tobacco-growing ecosystems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Structured Abstract:Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Agricultural soil contamination by heavy metals (HMs) threatens both plant and human health, with tobacco especially at risk due to its strong bioaccumulation tendency. This study investigates HM sources in tobacco-cultivated soils, uptake dynamics, and associated health implications, with an emphasis on Enrichment Factor (&lt;em&gt;EF&lt;/em&gt;), Bioaccumulation Factor (&lt;em&gt;BAF&lt;/em&gt;), and Translocation Factor (&lt;em&gt;TF&lt;/em&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Field investigations at six sites involved collecting six soil samples, eighteen plant samples (roots, stems, and leaves), and thirty-six fertilizer samples (six types). Nine HMs were analyzed using standard procedures. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Discussion:&lt;/s","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding trace elements dynamics and environmental health: insights from Fish Mortality in Rajshahi, Bangladesh","authors":"A․H․M․Selim Reza ,&nbsp;Md․Shazzadur Rahman ,&nbsp;Fazal Md․Mohi Shine ,&nbsp;Md․Abu Bakar Siddique ,&nbsp;Md․Abdur Rahman ,&nbsp;Sudip Saha ,&nbsp;Abu Bakar Siddique ,&nbsp;Fawzia Adib Flowra","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study investigates the combined impact of trace metal contamination and environmental factors on fish mortality in aquaculture ponds in the Rajshahi region of Bangladesh. The primary objective is to assess how physicochemical parameters and trace metal concentrations interact with climatic conditions to influence fish health and survival.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Water, sediment, and fish tissue samples were collected and analyzed for arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS-240FS). Key physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured. Climatic variables, including relative humidity and temperature, were recorded to evaluate their relationship with DO levels and fish mortality events.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>Mean values of pH, EC, and TDS were 6.77, 433.4 µS cm⁻¹, and 209 mg <em>L</em>⁻¹, respectively. Trace metal concentrations in water followed the order Pb &gt; As &gt; Cr &gt; Hg &gt; Cd; in sediment, Cr &gt; Pb &gt; As &gt; Hg &gt; Cd; and in fish tissue, Cr &gt; Pb &gt; As &gt; Hg &gt; Cd. A significant inverse correlation was found between high relative humidity (90–95 %) and DO levels, which decreased from 4.00 mg <em>L</em>⁻¹ to 1.08 mg <em>L</em>⁻¹ well below the critical threshold of 5–6 mg <em>L</em>⁻¹ required for fish survival. Additionally, TDS exhibited a negative correlation with DO and a positive correlation with sedimentary arsenic, indicating that siltation from heavy rainfall contributes to oxygen depletion. The highest fish mortality, recorded on September 1, 2020, coincided with overcast conditions, elevated temperatures, and reduced photosynthetic activity, all of which exacerbated hypoxic stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlight the complex interplay between environmental stressors and trace metal pollution in aquaculture ponds. Regular water quality monitoring, pollution control, and adaptive management strategies are essential to reduce fish mortality risks and ensure the long-term sustainability of aquaculture in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of heavy metals in water from selected oil pollution-prone communities in the Niger delta region","authors":"Benjamin Onozeyi Dimowo ,&nbsp;Adewole Michael Gbadebo ,&nbsp;Adewale Matthew Taiwo ,&nbsp;Olatunbosun Samuel Sojinu ,&nbsp;Moses Onaivi Dimowo","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water is vital to human health, yet its quality is threatened by industrial activity and crude oil pollution. This study evaluated water quality and associated carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks from ten heavy metals for infants, children, teenagers, and adults through oral and dermal exposure routes in selected communities of Edo and Cross River States. A total of 113 samples from boreholes, wells, and a surface water source were analysed for As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Ag using ICP-MS. Health risks were quantified following USEPA protocols. Findings revealed elevated concentrations of Pb (0.03±0.000–0.066±0.001 mg/L), Cd (0.001±0.001–0.011±0.002 mg/L) and Fe (0.301±0.078–0.950±0.000 mg/L) exceeding regulatory thresholds (WHO, SON, and NESREA). Water Quality Index (WQI) classed 13 water sources as “good”, 55 “poor,” 31 “very poor,” and 14 unsuitable for use. Degree of Contamination (C_deg) values (4.23–16.27) and Contamination Factor (CF) values confirmed widespread contamination, particularly from Pb (1.60–9.10), Cd (0.67–4.33), Ni (0.10–2.80), and Fe (0.13–4.01). Pollution Load Index (PLI) values (0.10–0.46) and Nemerow Pollution Index (P_n) values (1.24–2.28) on the other hand suggested no acute pollution. Non-carcinogenic health risks were primarily linked to cadmium (HQ&gt;1), especially for infants, with all 113 samples posing potential risks (HI&gt;1). Total mean cancer risk exceeded the USEPA threshold (1 × 10⁻⁴) in all samples, with infants (1.80 × 10⁻²) being most vulnerable. The contribution of metals to the cancer risk was in the order, Ni&gt;Fe&gt;As&gt;Cr&gt;Cd&gt;Pb. These findings underscore the urgent need for continuous monitoring, effective water treatment, and stricter environmental regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solanum lycopersicum exerts cardioprotective effects via reduced creatinine kinase myocardial band and ATPase activities in Wistar rats exposed to lead acetate","authors":"Olorunsola Israel Adeyomoye ,&nbsp;Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan ,&nbsp;Juliana Bunmi Adetunji ,&nbsp;Oluwaseun Charles Adetunji","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lead exposure is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, yet effective cardioprotective interventions remain inadequately explored. Despite existing research, there is limited clarity on potential natural therapies that can mitigate lead-induced cardiac damage.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the cardioprotective effects of ethyl acetate extract of <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> (EESL) in lead-exposed Wistar rats, providing insights into its therapeutic potential and relevance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fresh fruits of <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> (tomatoes) were air-dried, ground, concentrated, and extracted using ethyl acetate. A portion of EESL was analyzed using GC–MS. Fifteen (15) male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (<em>n</em> = 5 per group): control (distilled water), lead acetate (0.5 mg.mL^-1), and lead acetate + EESL (5 mg.kg^-1). Lead acetate and EESL were administered via drinking water and oral gavage, respectively, for four weeks. Body weight and lead concentration were measured using a weighing scale and flame atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. Antioxidants and cardiac biomarkers were assessed using spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Gas chromatography mass spectrometry identified 56 constituents, with 6-dehydroprogesterone (-9.3 kcal/mol) showing the highest docking affinity for the beta-adrenergic receptor. There was a significant increase in body weight in the lead acetate + EESL group compared to the lead acetate group. Lead concentration was significantly higher in the lead acetate group compared to the lead acetate + EESL group. SOD activity significantly increased in the lead acetate + EESL group, while CK-MB, Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase, and Ca²⁺ ATPase activities significantly decreased compared to the lead acetate group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> ethyl acetate extract demonstrated cardioprotective effects by enhancing antioxidant activity and reducing cardiac injury markers in lead-exposed rats. However, the associated increase in body weight raises concerns about potential metabolic risks, warranting further investigation</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health risk assessment of cadmium, lead, iron, and zinc exposure from food and cigarettes in Pakistani smokers","authors":"Hamza Shafiq ,&nbsp;Mamoona Amir ,&nbsp;Aneela Hameed ,&nbsp;Amir Ismail ,&nbsp;Siti Suhaila Binti Harith ,&nbsp;Areeba Usman","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim and background</h3><div>Smoking is a major contributor to illnesses and deaths, strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and chronic pulmonary diseases. This study aims to analyze the levels of trace metals (Pb, Cd) and their potential impact on vital metals (Fe, Zn) in cigarette smokers and nonsmokers in Multan.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This case−control research included 537 human participants with similar socioeconomic status, consisting of four groups based on smoking intensity. Blood, wheat flour, drinking water, and cigarette samples were analyzed for key parameters and concentrations of Cd, Pb, Fe, and Zn. An Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to assess the differences in metal concentrations across the various sample types.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean blood concentrations of Cd and Pb were as follows for the control, light, moderate, and heavy smoker groups, respectively; 0.10 and 3.64, 0.12 and 4.40, 0.14 and 4.59, and 0.14 and 5.05 µg dL^⁻1. When considering all smoking individuals as a single group, blood Cd and Pb concentrations were 37 % and 28 % higher, respectively, compared to nonsmokers, and almost 53 % of samples exceeded blood-Cd from the safe limits of WHO (0.03−0.12 µg dL^⁻1). While concentrations of blood Zn and Fe were almost 10 % lower in all smokers’ groups as compared to nonsmokers, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated a substantial inverse relationship between the concentrations of Pb and Zn and the blood's Cd and Fe levels. Acceptable values of Cd and Pb were discovered in all wheat flour and water samples. Tobacco from different cigarette brands had exceeding levels of Cd, ranging from 0.03 to 0.21 µg g^⁻1 and Pb, 0.49–2.92 µg g⁻¹. For cancer risk assessment, the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for Cd surpassed about 28.93 % of cigarette samples. Alarmingly, 99 % of cigarette samples exceeded the hazard quotient (HQ) for Cd and Pd, indicating Cd as a huge risk factor. Compared to non-smokers, smokers had higher levels of white blood cells, red blood cells, and hemoglobin with a lower body mass index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings underscore cigarette smoking as a major source of Cd and Pb, potentially impacting the levels of Fe and Zn in human blood. Increasing awareness of the risks associated with smoking may prompt a government initiative calling for behavioural interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}