Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100107
Qian Liao , Chao Yan , Ningbo Huang , Xiaoping Li
Background
Keshan disease (KD) is a fatal dilated cardiomyopathy that is mainly endemic through northeast to southwest China's low-selenium belt. KD may result in adverse outcomes such as heart enlargement, heart failure, and cardiogenetic death.
Results
The nutritional biogeochemical etiology theory has been acknowledged as one of the primary etiology hypotheses for KD, primarily suggesting that selenium deficiency and coxsackie virus infection are the main causes of KD. The element selenium, which has antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects, is a component of selenoprotein. The prevention and treatment of KD are impacted by selenium supplementation. The pathogenesis of KD is associated with related genetic polymorphisms and gene mutations, such as SEPHS2, SCN5A, GPX-1, and ALAD.
Conclusion
The pathogenic mechanism has not yet been completely explored. ALAD gene may be a causative locus for KD, and selenium supplementation reversed the pathological process of KD.
{"title":"Progress in selenium and genetics associated with Keshan disease","authors":"Qian Liao , Chao Yan , Ningbo Huang , Xiaoping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Keshan disease (KD) is a fatal dilated cardiomyopathy that is mainly endemic through northeast to southwest China's low-selenium belt. KD may result in adverse outcomes such as heart enlargement, heart failure, and cardiogenetic death.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The nutritional biogeochemical etiology theory has been acknowledged as one of the primary etiology hypotheses for KD, primarily suggesting that selenium deficiency and coxsackie virus infection are the main causes of KD. The element selenium, which has antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects, is a component of selenoprotein. The prevention and treatment of KD are impacted by selenium supplementation. The pathogenesis of KD is associated with related genetic polymorphisms and gene mutations, such as <em>SEPHS2, SCN5A, GPX-1, and ALAD</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The pathogenic mechanism has not yet been completely explored. ALAD gene may be a causative locus for KD, and selenium supplementation reversed the pathological process of KD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050623000605/pdfft?md5=a0152cce8abd6e3311e181661af02047&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050623000605-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138577668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100108
Ban Ibrahim Jaafar, Safaa A Kadhum
Background
The Middle East, including Iraq, is undergoing significant climate change, which has accelerated desertification, drought, and dust storms. Rapid industrialization and urbanization, which frequently contaminate the atmosphere with hazardous metals, are to blame for these changes.
Methods
The human health risks of six common heavy metals, including lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni), were examined in dust particles that were collected from five major administrative districts in Iraq in order to understand the impact of particle size on heavy metals in a sandy dust storm. The hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (RI) were used to evaluate the health risk for both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances.
Results
smaller particles' Cu and Cd concentrations generally increased from 63 μm to 75 μm, and the maximum Cr content was discovered in the particles (75 μm). The HI values of heavy metals were less than 1 and suggested that these elements did not offer a non-cancer risk to either adults or children. TCR values for Ni were higher than 1 × 10−6 in particle size (63 μm, 75 μm, and 200 μm) for children. Moreover, TCR values for Cr were higher than 1 × 10−6 in particle size (63 μm and 200 μm) with the exception that Cr in all sites were higher than TCR 1 × 10−4 in particle size (75 μm) for children
Conclusion
The amounts of six metals varied according on the size of the dust storm's particles. Given their health hazard, these metals' health concerns, particularly those of chromium and nickel for children, should receive significant attention.
{"title":"Impact of particle size on heavy metal contamination in human health from sandstorms in Iraq","authors":"Ban Ibrahim Jaafar, Safaa A Kadhum","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The Middle East, including Iraq, is undergoing significant climate change, which has accelerated desertification, drought, and dust storms. Rapid industrialization and urbanization, which frequently contaminate the atmosphere with hazardous metals, are to blame for these changes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The human health risks of six common heavy metals, including lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni), were examined in dust particles that were collected from five major administrative districts in Iraq in order to understand the impact of particle size on heavy metals in a sandy dust storm. The hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (RI) were used to evaluate the health risk for both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>smaller particles' Cu and Cd concentrations generally increased from 63 μm to 75 μm, and the maximum Cr content was discovered in the particles (75 μm). The HI values of heavy metals were less than 1 and suggested that these elements did not offer a non-cancer risk to either adults or children. TCR values for Ni were higher than 1 × 10<sup>−6</sup> in particle size (63 μm, 75 μm, and 200 μm) for children. Moreover, TCR values for Cr were higher than 1 × 10<sup>−6</sup> in particle size (63 μm and 200 μm) with the exception that Cr in all sites were higher than TCR 1 × 10<sup>−4</sup> in particle size (75 μm) for children</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The amounts of six metals varied according on the size of the dust storm's particles. Given their health hazard, these metals' health concerns, particularly those of chromium and nickel for children, should receive significant attention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050623000617/pdfft?md5=63a06032b6b0c504828338d9295dd53a&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050623000617-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100106
B. Lakshmanna , N. Jayaraju , G. Sreenivasulu , T. Lakshmi Prasad , K. Nagalakshmi , M. Pramod Kumar , M. Madakka , B. Praveena
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Heavy Metals Distribution in the Bottom Sediments of Nizampatnam Bay -Lankevanidibba Coast, East Coast of India” [Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals 6C (2023) 100092]","authors":"B. Lakshmanna , N. Jayaraju , G. Sreenivasulu , T. Lakshmi Prasad , K. Nagalakshmi , M. Pramod Kumar , M. Madakka , B. Praveena","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050623000599/pdfft?md5=8783368ef8f1ecba2e682caf7df4a9da&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050623000599-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138549168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100105
Adewale M. Taiwo , Opeyemi C. Somade , Oluwaseyi Z. Ojekunle , Adijat O. Atayese , Tolulope M. Obuotor
Background
Groundwater is a sustainable resource that provides potable water for millions of people. Contamination of groundwater by metals and metalloids (MMs) may, therefore, pose serious health threats to consumers.
Objective
This study aimed at assessing the health risk of MMs in groundwater resources around the vicinity of sanitation facilities at different markets in Abeokuta metropolis, southwestern Nigeria.
Methods
Fifty hand-dug wells around the waste sanitation facilities in ten markets from the Abeokuta metropolis were monitored. Groundwater samples were analysed for MMs using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. Health risk assessment (non-carcinogenic hazard quotient [HQ], and cancer risk [CR]) were estimated in groundwater.
Results
Significantly higher (p<0.01) levels of MMs were observed in groundwater from the market areas than in the control site. The health risk assessment showed high HQs greater than the acceptable limit of 1.0 for Mn and Pb, establishing non-carcinogenic adverse health effects. Co also indicated carcinogenic effects in the groundwater from the market areas showing a CR value greater than the permissible limit of 1.0 × 10−4.
Conclusion
This study established the detrimental effects of market wastes on the surrounding groundwater quality.
{"title":"Human Health Risk Assessment of Metals and Metalloids in Groundwater Resources around the Sanitation Facilities in major Markets from Abeokuta Metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"Adewale M. Taiwo , Opeyemi C. Somade , Oluwaseyi Z. Ojekunle , Adijat O. Atayese , Tolulope M. Obuotor","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Groundwater is a sustainable resource that provides potable water for millions of people. Contamination of groundwater by metals and metalloids (MMs) may, therefore, pose serious health threats to consumers.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed at assessing the health risk of MMs in groundwater resources around the vicinity of sanitation facilities at different markets in Abeokuta metropolis, southwestern Nigeria.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fifty hand-dug wells around the waste sanitation facilities in ten markets from the Abeokuta metropolis were monitored. Groundwater samples were analysed for MMs using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. Health risk assessment (non-carcinogenic hazard quotient [HQ], and cancer risk [CR]) were estimated in groundwater.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Significantly higher (p<0.01) levels of MMs were observed in groundwater from the market areas than in the control site. The health risk assessment showed high HQs greater than the acceptable limit of 1.0 for Mn and Pb, establishing non-carcinogenic adverse health effects. Co also indicated carcinogenic effects in the groundwater from the market areas showing a CR value greater than the permissible limit of 1.0 × 10<sup>−4</sup>.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study established the detrimental effects of market wastes on the surrounding groundwater quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050623000587/pdfft?md5=3eeabf11d58a00c8f1b0a068f9a2e322&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050623000587-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138439272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100103
William Quaresma Ferreira, Bianca Silva da Fonseca Alves, Kelly das Graças Fernandes Dantas
Background
Mercury is one of the metals responsible for environmental contamination and the intoxication of human beings, mainly due to the increasing use of mercury in the formation of amalgam, a metallic alloy formed by the reaction between mercury and metallic gold, which is often drained into the aquatic environment.
Aim
Therefore, this study evaluated 20 species of fish and seafood, commercialized in the metropolitan region of Belém (Pará, Brazil).
Materials and methods
Mercury was quantified using DMA. The limits of detection and quantification obtained were 0.027 and 0.091 μg g-1, respectively. The fresh fish muscle samples (n = 3) were weighed in a nickel boat and placed in the autosampler of the DMA for the quantification of total Hg (THg). Method accuracy was realized and confirmed using fish protein-certified reference material for trace metals (DORM-4).
Results
The mercury concentration (THg) of fish samples ranged from 0.003 to 0.209 μg g-1, pratiqueira, and codfish, respectively. Assessment of health risks associated with the ingestion of mercury present in fish was carried out from the Estimated weekly intakes (EWI), Target hazard quotient (THQ), and Maximum Safe Consuming Quantity (MSCQ). Consumption of fish and seafood may pose a non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk.
Conclusion
The value of THg concentrations in all species was within the regulatory limits for fish, except Corvina fish sample that was below the limit of detection. The RiskHg was less than 1, showing a low risk of mercury exposure. The PTWI ranged from 0.005 to 0.323 for a consumption of 173 g of fish. The THQ values found were lower than 1, showing that the samples studied do not have a carcinogenic effect when consumed. The MSCQ values obtained were considered high, since the index is related to the mass of 25 g of fish consumed daily. This study showed the importance of monitoring and assessing the health risk of mercury in fish and seafood consumed by the population.
{"title":"Health risk assessment attributed the consumption of fish and seafood in Belém, Pará, Brazil","authors":"William Quaresma Ferreira, Bianca Silva da Fonseca Alves, Kelly das Graças Fernandes Dantas","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Mercury is one of the metals responsible for environmental contamination and the intoxication of human beings, mainly due to the increasing use of mercury in the formation of amalgam, a metallic alloy formed by the reaction between mercury and metallic gold, which is often drained into the aquatic environment.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Therefore, this study evaluated 20 species of fish and seafood, commercialized in the metropolitan region of Belém (Pará, Brazil).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Mercury was quantified using DMA. The limits of detection and quantification obtained were 0.027 and 0.091 μg g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The fresh fish muscle samples (<em>n</em> = 3) were weighed in a nickel boat and placed in the autosampler of the DMA for the quantification of total Hg (THg). Method accuracy was realized and confirmed using fish protein-certified reference material for trace metals (DORM-4).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mercury concentration (THg) of fish samples ranged from 0.003 to 0.209 μg g<sup>-1</sup>, pratiqueira, and codfish, respectively. Assessment of health risks associated with the ingestion of mercury present in fish was carried out from the Estimated weekly intakes (EWI), Target hazard quotient (THQ), and Maximum Safe Consuming Quantity (MSCQ). Consumption of fish and seafood may pose a non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The value of THg concentrations in all species was within the regulatory limits for fish, except Corvina fish sample that was below the limit of detection. The RiskHg was less than 1, showing a low risk of mercury exposure. The PTWI ranged from 0.005 to 0.323 for a consumption of 173 g of fish. The THQ values found were lower than 1, showing that the samples studied do not have a carcinogenic effect when consumed. The MSCQ values obtained were considered high, since the index is related to the mass of 25 g of fish consumed daily. This study showed the importance of monitoring and assessing the health risk of mercury in fish and seafood consumed by the population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050623000563/pdfft?md5=e8b645ba5e36c8a884fc59172d32fcc8&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050623000563-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92046283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100102
Obede Rodrigues Alves , Allan Pretti Ogura , Thandy Junio da Silva Pinto , Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
Background
In 2015, the Fundão dam in Mariana, Brazil, collapsed, leading to the discharge of iron mining tailings (MT) that caused significant damage to the environment and human health. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of MT on four terrestrial species, including the soil invertebrates Folsomia candida (Collembola), Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta), and the plants Avena strigosa and Brassica rapa, after the Fundão dam collapse.
Methods
MT samples were collected from the topsoil of a contaminated site, and the total concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTE) were determined. Soil organisms were exposed to different proportions of MT (0 % as the control, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %) in two soil types, including a background soil (BS) from a non-contaminated site in the area of study, and a natural soil (NS) from a well-documented place where there is no evidence of contamination.
Results
The study found that the addition of MT increased soil pH and influenced the toxicity of MT to invertebrates, with F. candida reproduction being more impacted in background soil (BS) and E. crypticus being more affected in natural soil (NS). Reproduction of F. candida and E. crypticus significantly decreased at 100 % of MT exposure. Furthermore, exposure to MT caused phytotoxicity in plants, and B. rapa was found to be more sensitive than A. strigosa, suggesting it is a suitable bioindicator. B. rapa showed significant reductions in most measured endpoints at 100 % of MT, while A. strigosa had declines in shoot length and dry biomass at 75 % of MT. Chromium was a PTE of environmental concern since its concentration in MT surpassed its prevention limit (75 mg kg−1) and exceeded even its thresholds for industrial areas (400 mg kg−1).
Conclusion
The findings can contribute to future strategies for the management of MT and underscore the importance of considering sublethal effects (e.g., reproduction) in environmental risk assessments. However, further research is needed to develop effective strategies for mitigating the negative impacts of MT on soil ecosystems.
{"title":"Terrestrial species exposed to mining tailings: Assessing the potential ecotoxicological impacts of the Fundão Dam collapse in Brazil","authors":"Obede Rodrigues Alves , Allan Pretti Ogura , Thandy Junio da Silva Pinto , Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In 2015, the Fundão dam in Mariana, Brazil, collapsed, leading to the discharge of iron mining tailings (MT) that caused significant damage to the environment and human health. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of MT on four terrestrial species, including the soil invertebrates <em>Folsomia candida</em> (Collembola), <em>Enchytraeus crypticus</em> (Oligochaeta), and the plants <em>Avena strigosa</em> and <em>Brassica rapa</em>, after the Fundão dam collapse.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>MT samples were collected from the topsoil of a contaminated site, and the total concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTE) were determined. Soil organisms were exposed to different proportions of MT (0 % as the control, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %) in two soil types, including a background soil (BS) from a non-contaminated site in the area of study, and a natural soil (NS) from a well-documented place where there is no evidence of contamination.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study found that the addition of MT increased soil pH and influenced the toxicity of MT to invertebrates, with <em>F. candida</em> reproduction being more impacted in background soil (BS) and <em>E. crypticus</em> being more affected in natural soil (NS). Reproduction of <em>F. candida</em> and <em>E. crypticus</em> significantly decreased at 100 % of MT exposure. Furthermore, exposure to MT caused phytotoxicity in plants, and <em>B. rapa</em> was found to be more sensitive than <em>A. strigosa</em>, suggesting it is a suitable bioindicator. <em>B. rapa</em> showed significant reductions in most measured endpoints at 100 % of MT, while <em>A. strigosa</em> had declines in shoot length and dry biomass at 75 % of MT. Chromium was a PTE of environmental concern since its concentration in MT surpassed its prevention limit (75 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) and exceeded even its thresholds for industrial areas (400 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings can contribute to future strategies for the management of MT and underscore the importance of considering sublethal effects (<em>e.g.</em>, reproduction) in environmental risk assessments. However, further research is needed to develop effective strategies for mitigating the negative impacts of MT on soil ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050623000551/pdfft?md5=92bf9533a421c6e9a4f060a11d2966a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050623000551-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92046282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing exposure of lentic water bodies to pollutants and the ability of aquatic organisms to bioaccumulate heavy metals in its edible body parts has raised concerns on the food safety of aquatic animals harvested from them. This study investigated the distribution of metals in the organs of C. gariepinus and T. zillii from Ikpoba reservoir and evaluated the potential human health risk associated with their consumption.
Methodology
Fish samples of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zillii were collected for a period of six months (January 2019 to June 2019) from Ikpoba reservoir using a drag net with the assistance of artisanal fishermen. Fish samples were properly identified and heavy metal content in the gills, liver and muscles were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Findings
The results showed that C. gariepinus had higher mean concentration of metals and metalloids than T. zillii in all the organs examined. The order of accumulation of metals in the gills and muscles of C. gariepinus and T. zillii was Fe > Zn > Mg > Cu > Pb > Cd, while order in the liver for both fish species was Fe > Zn > Cu > Mg > Pb > Cd. Human health risk assessment for metals in C. gariepinus and T. zillii indicated no significant health risk to the adults (HI < 1), whereas children were predisposed to health risk of non-carcinogenic effect (HI > 1). Carcinogenic risk values for Pb and Cd in adults and children did not exceed the acceptable carcinogenic risk value for humans. The integrated carcinogenic risk (ICR) values classified the consumption of C. gariepinus and T. zillii as low – medium risk (Grade III).
Conclusion
The study has shown that the consumption of the selected fish species is not safe for children. Also, the consumption of the gills of C. gariepinus along with the head portion of the fish should be discouraged to reduce exposure to heavy metal toxicity. The continuous monitoring of activities within the reservoir watershed to mitigate heavy metal pollution of the reservoir is recommended.
{"title":"Distribution and toxicological risk assessment of metals in commercial fish species from a lentic ecosystem in Nigeria","authors":"Nkonyeasua Kingsley Egun , Ufuoma Ruth Okotie , Ijeoma Patience Oboh","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background of Study</h3><p>The increasing exposure of lentic water bodies to pollutants and the ability of aquatic organisms to bioaccumulate heavy metals in its edible body parts has raised concerns on the food safety of aquatic animals harvested from them. This study investigated the distribution of metals in the organs of <em>C. gariepinus</em> and <em>T. zillii</em> from Ikpoba reservoir and evaluated the potential human health risk associated with their consumption.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Fish samples of <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> and <em>Tilapia zillii</em> were collected for a period of six months (January 2019 to June 2019) from Ikpoba reservoir using a drag net with the assistance of artisanal fishermen. Fish samples were properly identified and heavy metal content in the gills, liver and muscles were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>The results showed that <em>C. gariepinus</em> had higher mean concentration of metals and metalloids than <em>T. zillii</em> in all the organs examined. The order of accumulation of metals in the gills and muscles of <em>C. gariepinus</em> and <em>T. zillii</em> was Fe > Zn > Mg > Cu > Pb > Cd, while order in the liver for both fish species was Fe > Zn > Cu > Mg > Pb > Cd. Human health risk assessment for metals in <em>C. gariepinus</em> and <em>T. zillii</em> indicated no significant health risk to the adults (HI < 1), whereas children were predisposed to health risk of non-carcinogenic effect (HI > 1). Carcinogenic risk values for Pb and Cd in adults and children did not exceed the acceptable carcinogenic risk value for humans. The integrated carcinogenic risk (ICR) values classified the consumption of <em>C. gariepinus</em> and <em>T. zillii</em> as low – medium risk (Grade III).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study has shown that the consumption of the selected fish species is not safe for children. Also, the consumption of the gills of <em>C. gariepinus</em> along with the head portion of the fish should be discouraged to reduce exposure to heavy metal toxicity. The continuous monitoring of activities within the reservoir watershed to mitigate heavy metal pollution of the reservoir is recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The critical and stressful peri‑parturient period in the life of a dairy animal creates challenges for dairy owners to keep the animal in the optimum condition of health and hence production. Micronutrients with antioxidant properties help in reducing oxidative stress. A combination of antioxidant micro-nutrients was investigated in the ration of crossbred cows with a hypothesis to eliminate the negative effects of oxidative stress during the stressful peri‑parturient period.
Methods
Twenty healthy advanced pregnant crossbred cows reared under similar conditions of feeding with no history of mastitis during previous lactation were selected randomly for the study. Cows were equally distributed randomly into two groups keeping the parity, body condition score, and last record of lactation comparable. Cows were fed the same basal ration with the inclusion of a combination of antioxidant micronutrients (having trace elements copper and zinc with vitamins A and E as per the standard recommendations for cows for the prevention of mastitis) in the diet of the treated group daily, while another group served as control.
Results
The overall average total (5 %) and fat-corrected milk yield (10 %) remained high in the treatment group. The fat, protein, and lactose content of milk, as well as milk pH, remained statistically comparable (P > 0.05) between the two groups. The overall mean values of milk solid-not-fat remained significantly high (P = 0.04) with a reduced value of the somatic cell count (P = 0.03) in the treatment group indicating the advantage of the antioxidant micronutrients inclusion in the diet. The incidences of mastitis reported in the treatment group were only 14 % (8 Vs 56) as compared to the control group across the entire study period. Higher (P = 0.023) body condition scores in the treatment group cows during the prepartum period lead to lower (0 Vs 40 %) incidences of peri‑parturient reproductive disorders.
Conclusions
It may be concluded that supplementation of antioxidant micronutrients in the dairy cow's ration helps in preventing the adverse effect of oxidative stress during the stressful transition stage and is hence capable to reduce the incidences of mastitis and peri‑parturient reproductive disorders in addition to an enhancement in solid-not-fat content of the milk.
{"title":"Beneficial effects of antioxidant micronutrients during peri-parturient period on reproductive, udder and body performance of crossbred cows","authors":"Anil Rathor , R.K. Jain , Anchal Keshri , R. Aich , Vishal Mudgal","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The critical and stressful peri‑parturient period in the life of a dairy animal creates challenges for dairy owners to keep the animal in the optimum condition of health and hence production. Micronutrients with antioxidant properties help in reducing oxidative stress. A combination of antioxidant micro-nutrients was investigated in the ration of crossbred cows with a hypothesis to eliminate the negative effects of oxidative stress during the stressful peri‑parturient period.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty healthy advanced pregnant crossbred cows reared under similar conditions of feeding with no history of mastitis during previous lactation were selected randomly for the study. Cows were equally distributed randomly into two groups keeping the parity, body condition score, and last record of lactation comparable. Cows were fed the same basal ration with the inclusion of a combination of antioxidant micronutrients (having trace elements copper and zinc with vitamins A and E as per the standard recommendations for cows for the prevention of mastitis) in the diet of the treated group daily, while another group served as control.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall average total (5 %) and fat-corrected milk yield (10 %) remained high in the treatment group. The fat, protein, and lactose content of milk, as well as milk pH, remained statistically comparable (<em>P</em> > 0.05) between the two groups. The overall mean values of milk solid-not-fat remained significantly high (<em>P</em> = 0.04) with a reduced value of the somatic cell count (<em>P</em> = 0.03) in the treatment group indicating the advantage of the antioxidant micronutrients inclusion in the diet. The incidences of mastitis reported in the treatment group were only 14 % (8 Vs 56) as compared to the control group across the entire study period. Higher (<em>P</em> = 0.023) body condition scores in the treatment group cows during the prepartum period lead to lower (0 Vs 40 %) incidences of peri‑parturient reproductive disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It may be concluded that supplementation of antioxidant micronutrients in the dairy cow's ration helps in preventing the adverse effect of oxidative stress during the stressful transition stage and is hence capable to reduce the incidences of mastitis and peri‑parturient reproductive disorders in addition to an enhancement in solid-not-fat content of the milk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100098
Jefferson Koyaishi Torrecilha , Ana Paula Torres Mendes , Carolina Yume Sawamura Theophilo , Horacio Marconi da Silva Matias Dantas Linhares , José Henrique de Paula , Marcos Antonio Scapin , Rafael Henrique Lazzari Garcia , Francisco Maraver , Paulo Sergio Cardoso da Silva
Introduction
Since the early days of humankind, peloids have been used for therapeutic purposes. However, the safety and efficacy of these materials for therapeutic treatments has never been regulated in most of the countries where it is commonly used.
Materials and methods
In this study, samples os peloids from different regions of Brazil (Águas de São Pedro, Paraty and Araxá) were characterized: mineral composition (X-ray diffractometry), physicochemical characteristics (pH, redox potential, moisture, % loss on ignition at 550 °C and 1000 °C, cooling kinetics, swelling power, specific surface area), concentration of trace elements (X-ray fluorescence, Neutron activation analysis, Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry) and radiological activity (Gamma spectrometry).
Results
The results showed great variability in mineral composition, physicochemical characteristics, elemental concentration, concentration of activity and little variation in cooling kinetics. However, this variation is also found when comparing the results with some those presented by other authors.
Conclusion
This study concludes that the three peloids studied are good candidates to be used for topical application. Metals and potentially toxic elements present are in concentrations levels that are unlikely to cause risk to health.
引言自人类早期以来，类骨盆就被用于治疗目的。然而，在大多数常用这些材料的国家，这些材料用于治疗的安全性和有效性从未受到监管。材料和方法在本研究中，对来自巴西不同地区（Águas de São Pedro、Paraty和Araxá）的类骨盆样品进行了表征：矿物成分（X射线衍射法）、物理化学特性（pH、氧化还原电位、水分、550°C和1000°C下的灼烧失重%、冷却动力学、溶胀力、比表面积），微量元素浓度（X射线荧光、中子活化分析、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法）和放射性（伽马光谱法）。然而，当将结果与其他作者提出的一些结果进行比较时，也发现了这种变化。结论本研究的结论是，所研究的三种骨盆是用于局部应用的良好候选者。存在的金属和潜在有毒元素的浓度水平不太可能对健康造成风险。
{"title":"Characterization of peloids from different regions of Brazil","authors":"Jefferson Koyaishi Torrecilha , Ana Paula Torres Mendes , Carolina Yume Sawamura Theophilo , Horacio Marconi da Silva Matias Dantas Linhares , José Henrique de Paula , Marcos Antonio Scapin , Rafael Henrique Lazzari Garcia , Francisco Maraver , Paulo Sergio Cardoso da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Since the early days of humankind, peloids have been used for therapeutic purposes. However, the safety and efficacy of these materials for therapeutic treatments has never been regulated in most of the countries where it is commonly used.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>In this study, samples os peloids from different regions of Brazil (Águas de São Pedro, Paraty and Araxá) were characterized: mineral composition (X-ray diffractometry), physicochemical characteristics (pH, redox potential, moisture, % loss on ignition at 550 °C and 1000 °C, cooling kinetics, swelling power, specific surface area), concentration of trace elements (X-ray fluorescence, Neutron activation analysis, Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry) and radiological activity (Gamma spectrometry).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed great variability in mineral composition, physicochemical characteristics, elemental concentration, concentration of activity and little variation in cooling kinetics. However, this variation is also found when comparing the results with some those presented by other authors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study concludes that the three peloids studied are good candidates to be used for topical application. Metals and potentially toxic elements present are in concentrations levels that are unlikely to cause risk to health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100101
Rehab M. Abdel-Megeed, Mai O. Kadry
: Lung injury is one of the most serious consequences post cadmium dichloride (caddy) exposure. Matrix metalloproteinases are calcium and zinc dependent endopeptidases possess the ability of degrading various components of the extracellular matrix. Moreover, MMP-9 is believed to be engaged to lung injury via degradation of the extracellular matrix of blood-air barrier. Furthermore, survivin as an inhibitor of apoptosis plays an important role in lung injury. On the other hand, there are obvious beneficial properties of microbiota due to their ability to bind trace elements in the body improving intestinal microbial balance. The present study highlights the therapeutic beneficial role of probiotic administration against caddy-induced lung injury in mice. : Lung injury was induced via caddy intoxication (20 mg.kg−1) in Swiss albino mice after pretreatment with Acidobacillus or Lactobacillus in a dose of 5 × 1010 colony forming units (CFU) for one week as a protective regimen, then animals received Acidobacillus and Lactobacillus either alone or added to folic acid for concessive 21 days. Molecular analysis of survivin, MMP-9 and JAK-2 gene expression was assessed in addition to, histopathological examination of lung tissue. : A significant elevation in both survivin and MMP-9 was observed upon caddy lung injury. On the other hand, an obvious reduction in Jak-2 gene expression post caddy lung intoxication was recorded. Treatment via microbiota including Acidobacillus and Lactobacillus either alone or added to folic acid declared a significant modulation of all the altered parameters with the superiority of Lactobacillus combined with folic acid group as compared to other treated groups. Furthermore, histopathological examination of lung tissue of intoxicated group declared an edema, air space enlargement, thick intralveolar space, numerous areas of aggregation of lymphocyte infiltration in addition to dilatation and congestion of pulmonary vein. Meanwhile treated tissue declared an obvious improvement confirming molecular results. : Data revealed, that combination of Lactobacillus and folic acid is beneficial in improving lung injury via enhancing the excretion of caddy in feces, and consequently regulates survivin, MMP-9 and JAK-2 gene expression in addition to improving damage occurred in lung tissue.
{"title":"Microbiota mitigate Caddy-Induced Lung Injury via Modulating Survivin, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Janus Kinase-2 Gene Expression","authors":"Rehab M. Abdel-Megeed, Mai O. Kadry","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2023.100101","url":null,"abstract":": Lung injury is one of the most serious consequences post cadmium dichloride (caddy) exposure. Matrix metalloproteinases are calcium and zinc dependent endopeptidases possess the ability of degrading various components of the extracellular matrix. Moreover, MMP-9 is believed to be engaged to lung injury via degradation of the extracellular matrix of blood-air barrier. Furthermore, survivin as an inhibitor of apoptosis plays an important role in lung injury. On the other hand, there are obvious beneficial properties of microbiota due to their ability to bind trace elements in the body improving intestinal microbial balance. The present study highlights the therapeutic beneficial role of probiotic administration against caddy-induced lung injury in mice. : Lung injury was induced via caddy intoxication (20 mg.kg−1) in Swiss albino mice after pretreatment with Acidobacillus or Lactobacillus in a dose of 5 × 1010 colony forming units (CFU) for one week as a protective regimen, then animals received Acidobacillus and Lactobacillus either alone or added to folic acid for concessive 21 days. Molecular analysis of survivin, MMP-9 and JAK-2 gene expression was assessed in addition to, histopathological examination of lung tissue. : A significant elevation in both survivin and MMP-9 was observed upon caddy lung injury. On the other hand, an obvious reduction in Jak-2 gene expression post caddy lung intoxication was recorded. Treatment via microbiota including Acidobacillus and Lactobacillus either alone or added to folic acid declared a significant modulation of all the altered parameters with the superiority of Lactobacillus combined with folic acid group as compared to other treated groups. Furthermore, histopathological examination of lung tissue of intoxicated group declared an edema, air space enlargement, thick intralveolar space, numerous areas of aggregation of lymphocyte infiltration in addition to dilatation and congestion of pulmonary vein. Meanwhile treated tissue declared an obvious improvement confirming molecular results. : Data revealed, that combination of Lactobacillus and folic acid is beneficial in improving lung injury via enhancing the excretion of caddy in feces, and consequently regulates survivin, MMP-9 and JAK-2 gene expression in addition to improving damage occurred in lung tissue.","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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