Pub Date : 2021-03-29DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2021.1898157
Yvonne Su, L. Le Dé
ABSTRACT Over the last 15 years, a growing literature has suggested that remittances are important for post-disaster recovery in many developing countries. Yet, limited research has explored the complex relationships between remittance senders and receivers during and after disasters. The focus is on remittance-receiving households in Tacloban City in the Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan. This study identifies five main factors that affect the ability of households to turn their links with migrants into remittances after disasters. These factors are (1) the households’ socio-economic class, (2) the household’s relation with the migrant, (3) the migrant’s occupation and the country they are living or working in, (4) intra-family dynamics, and (5) cultural norms. This analysis provides further evidence to illustrate that, even in the context of remitting after disasters, the power-dynamics of transnational migrant relationships are often highly complex with economic, societal and cultural factors at play.
{"title":"Uneven recovery: a case study of factors affecting remittance-receiving in Tacloban, Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan","authors":"Yvonne Su, L. Le Dé","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2021.1898157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2021.1898157","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Over the last 15 years, a growing literature has suggested that remittances are important for post-disaster recovery in many developing countries. Yet, limited research has explored the complex relationships between remittance senders and receivers during and after disasters. The focus is on remittance-receiving households in Tacloban City in the Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan. This study identifies five main factors that affect the ability of households to turn their links with migrants into remittances after disasters. These factors are (1) the households’ socio-economic class, (2) the household’s relation with the migrant, (3) the migrant’s occupation and the country they are living or working in, (4) intra-family dynamics, and (5) cultural norms. This analysis provides further evidence to illustrate that, even in the context of remitting after disasters, the power-dynamics of transnational migrant relationships are often highly complex with economic, societal and cultural factors at play.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"1176 - 1195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2021.1898157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41342485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-14DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1866878
M. Czaika, Marie Godin
ABSTRACT Under what circumstances does human development facilitate or constrain emigration? Moreover, under what conditions is migration a driver for rather than an obstacle for development? Empirical evidence identifying the drivers of the two-way relationship between migration and development is still rather mixed, in part also because of conceptual and methodological shortcomings of the methods generally applied to this subject matter, which often cannot handle the complex links and interactions between migration and development. This paper engages with the opportunities and challenges of investigating the migration–development nexus using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) as a methodological approach to explore the complex configurational two-way relationship between migration and development processes. We hereby address a methodological gap in the scientific literature investigating the migration-development nexus and propose QCA as a method for enriching the empirical base and expanding our knowledge and understanding of this complex relationship.
{"title":"Disentangling the migration-development nexus using QCA","authors":"M. Czaika, Marie Godin","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1866878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1866878","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Under what circumstances does human development facilitate or constrain emigration? Moreover, under what conditions is migration a driver for rather than an obstacle for development? Empirical evidence identifying the drivers of the two-way relationship between migration and development is still rather mixed, in part also because of conceptual and methodological shortcomings of the methods generally applied to this subject matter, which often cannot handle the complex links and interactions between migration and development. This paper engages with the opportunities and challenges of investigating the migration–development nexus using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) as a methodological approach to explore the complex configurational two-way relationship between migration and development processes. We hereby address a methodological gap in the scientific literature investigating the migration-development nexus and propose QCA as a method for enriching the empirical base and expanding our knowledge and understanding of this complex relationship.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"2021 25","pages":"1065 - 1086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1866878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41309150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2021.1879424
Nafisa Yeasmin, Timo Koivurova, Riitta Kemppainen-Koivisto
ABSTRACT Many immigrants are either underemployed or unemployed in Lapland, and indeed many of them are long-term unemployed. This unemployment rate among immigrants varies from region to region in Finland. As a disadvantaged group in the labour market, sometimes they are pushed into establishing a business; however, their motivation to do so is weak, due to a lack of market understanding along with other socio-cultural factors. As an alternative way of doing business and gaining access to the labour market, social enterprise could be another instrument for employment. We studied whether Social Entrepreneurship (SE) represents an exceptional mindset among the group. SE invention for this group of people is a less-studied area of research in Finland compared to many other European countries such as Sweden and Scotland. Our research examines whether SE could be a way to facilitate the integration of immigrants, particularly immigrant women, who are at risk of marginalisation, into the Finnish labour market in the near future, with Lapland as a case study. We analyse the factors that can be taken into account to enable immigrants to conduct their business under the guidance of a social enterprise in the northern part of Finland, thereby shaping their employability for the future.
{"title":"Shaping employability for immigrants through social entrepreneurship in Lapland","authors":"Nafisa Yeasmin, Timo Koivurova, Riitta Kemppainen-Koivisto","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2021.1879424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2021.1879424","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many immigrants are either underemployed or unemployed in Lapland, and indeed many of them are long-term unemployed. This unemployment rate among immigrants varies from region to region in Finland. As a disadvantaged group in the labour market, sometimes they are pushed into establishing a business; however, their motivation to do so is weak, due to a lack of market understanding along with other socio-cultural factors. As an alternative way of doing business and gaining access to the labour market, social enterprise could be another instrument for employment. We studied whether Social Entrepreneurship (SE) represents an exceptional mindset among the group. SE invention for this group of people is a less-studied area of research in Finland compared to many other European countries such as Sweden and Scotland. Our research examines whether SE could be a way to facilitate the integration of immigrants, particularly immigrant women, who are at risk of marginalisation, into the Finnish labour market in the near future, with Lapland as a case study. We analyse the factors that can be taken into account to enable immigrants to conduct their business under the guidance of a social enterprise in the northern part of Finland, thereby shaping their employability for the future.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"1162 - 1175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2021.1879424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45537964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-24DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1870835
Selim Raihan, Mahtab Uddin, Sakil Ahmmed
ABSTRACT This paper analyses the impact of international remittances on household spending behaviour in the Bangladesh context. The total household spending has been classified into seven categories, namely education, health, food, consumed and durable goods, housing and land, investment and ‘other consumption’. For addressing the self-selection bias, we applied the propensity score matching technique. Moreover, to analyse the impact of remittances on the marginal spending behaviour we applied the Working-Leser (WL) model. Findings from the study reveal that remittances have positive and significant impact on the amount spent on almost all the spending categories except education, and investment. In terms of budgetary shares of different spending categories, households receiving remittances spend a lower fraction of their total spending on food and investment. Although the impact of remittances is positive and significant for the budget shares of health, housing and land, it is found to be insignificant for education and consumed and durables goods.
{"title":"Impact of foreign remittances on the household spending behaviour in Bangladesh","authors":"Selim Raihan, Mahtab Uddin, Sakil Ahmmed","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1870835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1870835","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper analyses the impact of international remittances on household spending behaviour in the Bangladesh context. The total household spending has been classified into seven categories, namely education, health, food, consumed and durable goods, housing and land, investment and ‘other consumption’. For addressing the self-selection bias, we applied the propensity score matching technique. Moreover, to analyse the impact of remittances on the marginal spending behaviour we applied the Working-Leser (WL) model. Findings from the study reveal that remittances have positive and significant impact on the amount spent on almost all the spending categories except education, and investment. In terms of budgetary shares of different spending categories, households receiving remittances spend a lower fraction of their total spending on food and investment. Although the impact of remittances is positive and significant for the budget shares of health, housing and land, it is found to be insignificant for education and consumed and durables goods.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"1104 - 1126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1870835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43330604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-21DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2021.1872835
C. Nguyen
ABSTRACT While little research has been done to examine the mobilities of current Vietnamese professional migrants, this paper sought to address this gap by reporting on a qualitative study on the mobilities of Australia-educated and domiciled professional migrants from Vietnam. It examinedtheir decisions to migrate through specific ways of everyday lives as being-in-the-world. By analysing the reasons for migration among 15 participants, this study found that migrants’ decisions are informed by both spiritual and materialistic concerns, variously framed by an attempt to escape from their perceived lack of political patronage, a remedy for personal upheavals and ideological conflicts, an expectation for adventure and social status, pursuit of knowledge and income, or a search for intergenerational security. Skilled migrants do not experience one of these reasons in isolation but rather, a set of interrelated motives. The respondents’ decisions to leave are influenced by the micro-politics of everyday life under the influence of Vietnam’s socio-political transformations. The theoretical concept of being-in-the-world has the potential to conceptualize transnational mobilities of skilled migration in at least 5 related manners: ambiguity in mobilities, equipment, possibilities, (in)authenticity and care.
{"title":"Reasons for migration among Vietnamese professional migrants in Australia","authors":"C. Nguyen","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2021.1872835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2021.1872835","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While little research has been done to examine the mobilities of current Vietnamese professional migrants, this paper sought to address this gap by reporting on a qualitative study on the mobilities of Australia-educated and domiciled professional migrants from Vietnam. It examinedtheir decisions to migrate through specific ways of everyday lives as being-in-the-world. By analysing the reasons for migration among 15 participants, this study found that migrants’ decisions are informed by both spiritual and materialistic concerns, variously framed by an attempt to escape from their perceived lack of political patronage, a remedy for personal upheavals and ideological conflicts, an expectation for adventure and social status, pursuit of knowledge and income, or a search for intergenerational security. Skilled migrants do not experience one of these reasons in isolation but rather, a set of interrelated motives. The respondents’ decisions to leave are influenced by the micro-politics of everyday life under the influence of Vietnam’s socio-political transformations. The theoretical concept of being-in-the-world has the potential to conceptualize transnational mobilities of skilled migration in at least 5 related manners: ambiguity in mobilities, equipment, possibilities, (in)authenticity and care.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"1127 - 1143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2021.1872835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45666052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-08DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1866879
William M. Fonta, E. Nwosu, D. Thiam, E. Ayuk
ABSTRACT Remittances to Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) constitute a critical lifeline for millions of individual households. It is on record that these large transfers enable recipient households to raise their living standards beyond vulnerability and subsistence levels. Unfortunately, the development potentials of remittance income are seldom factored into most pro-poor targeting programmes in many SSA countries like Nigeria. This is largely due to the problems of data inconsistency as well as those related to lack of precise information on how remittances are received and spent. Using novel survey dataset involving 450 remittance recipient and non-recipient households collected in the Southeast Geopolitical Zone of Nigeria, the study uncovers significant evidence of the impact of remittances on household expenditure and povertyusingpropensityscore matching (PSM). Specifically, households that receive remittances invest between NGN186,000 (US$1,240) and NGN205,000 (US$1,366.7) more in building constructions, land acquisitions and also invest over NGN60,000 (US$400) more in household business enterprise compared to non-recipient households. Similarly, the estimated impact of remittances on poverty shows that household poverty is lower by between 30.3% and 33.6% considering the results from all the three PSM matching estimators. The differences between the recipients and non-recipients are statistically significant. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of pro-poor targeting programmes in Nigeria.
{"title":"The development outcomes of remittance inflows to Nigeria: the case of the Southeastern Geo-political zone","authors":"William M. Fonta, E. Nwosu, D. Thiam, E. Ayuk","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1866879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1866879","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Remittances to Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) constitute a critical lifeline for millions of individual households. It is on record that these large transfers enable recipient households to raise their living standards beyond vulnerability and subsistence levels. Unfortunately, the development potentials of remittance income are seldom factored into most pro-poor targeting programmes in many SSA countries like Nigeria. This is largely due to the problems of data inconsistency as well as those related to lack of precise information on how remittances are received and spent. Using novel survey dataset involving 450 remittance recipient and non-recipient households collected in the Southeast Geopolitical Zone of Nigeria, the study uncovers significant evidence of the impact of remittances on household expenditure and povertyusingpropensityscore matching (PSM). Specifically, households that receive remittances invest between NGN186,000 (US$1,240) and NGN205,000 (US$1,366.7) more in building constructions, land acquisitions and also invest over NGN60,000 (US$400) more in household business enterprise compared to non-recipient households. Similarly, the estimated impact of remittances on poverty shows that household poverty is lower by between 30.3% and 33.6% considering the results from all the three PSM matching estimators. The differences between the recipients and non-recipients are statistically significant. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of pro-poor targeting programmes in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"1087 - 1103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1866879","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43260836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-06DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1855737
E. Edeh, Adekunle Osidipe, M. M. O. Ehizuelen, Cang Cong Zhao
ABSTRACT African diaspora can be a potent force for development in Africa through the promotion of trade, investments, research, innovation, knowledge and technology transfers. Billions in African diaspora savings could bolster growth in Africa. For example, if one in every 10 members of the diaspora could be persuaded to invest $1000 in his or her country of origin, Africa could raise $3 billion a year for development financing. This paper delves into one of the approaches via which sustainable development can be achieved across Africa. It identifies that the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD) will play a significant role in attaining this goal. In addition, recognizing that so much of Africa’s brainpower is found ‘off-shore’, NEPAD has made a start in bringing resources to bear on African Development. Nonetheless, the study observed that lack of patriotic leadership has been a major challenge towards sustainable development in Africa. The study views Diaspora’s alignment with NEPAD as the pivot for fresh partnership between Africa and the world beacons on the international community, especially the emerging economies such as China, to help bridge the development gap that has widened over the years of unequal relations; to achieve Africa’s development renaissance.
{"title":"Bolstering African strategy for sustainable development and its diaspora’s influence on African development renaissance","authors":"E. Edeh, Adekunle Osidipe, M. M. O. Ehizuelen, Cang Cong Zhao","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1855737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1855737","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT African diaspora can be a potent force for development in Africa through the promotion of trade, investments, research, innovation, knowledge and technology transfers. Billions in African diaspora savings could bolster growth in Africa. For example, if one in every 10 members of the diaspora could be persuaded to invest $1000 in his or her country of origin, Africa could raise $3 billion a year for development financing. This paper delves into one of the approaches via which sustainable development can be achieved across Africa. It identifies that the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD) will play a significant role in attaining this goal. In addition, recognizing that so much of Africa’s brainpower is found ‘off-shore’, NEPAD has made a start in bringing resources to bear on African Development. Nonetheless, the study observed that lack of patriotic leadership has been a major challenge towards sustainable development in Africa. The study views Diaspora’s alignment with NEPAD as the pivot for fresh partnership between Africa and the world beacons on the international community, especially the emerging economies such as China, to help bridge the development gap that has widened over the years of unequal relations; to achieve Africa’s development renaissance.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"994 - 1015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1855737","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45293845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-05DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1842608
Luis Eduardo Pérez Murcia, Paolo Boccagni
ABSTRACT Migrants’ transnational housing investments are a relatively overlooked field to explore the workings of so-called migration industries, as we do, in this paper, through a case study of Ecuadorian migration. Based on fieldwork with two real estate agencies in Madrid and visits to their housing projects in Quito, we show how these companies support Ecuadorians’ collective socio-cultural practices in Madrid, in order to capitalise on their potential to invest in the homeland. As the agencies claim, migrants who buy properties in Ecuador do not just pursue their own interest. They also display their unremitting attachment to the country, besides paving the way for a ‘successful’ return. As our analysis reveals, housing investments can indeed facilitate migrant’s physical, emotional, and existential mobility. However, the repertoire of ‘Ecuadorianness’ these agencies deploy in Spain has little to do with the symbols and imaginaries of modernity and success on which their real estate developments in Ecuador rely. This reveals the inherent tensions in status and life projects between immigration and emigration contexts, and the role of transnational housing investments in mediating them.
{"title":"Selling a house, staging a dream","authors":"Luis Eduardo Pérez Murcia, Paolo Boccagni","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1842608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1842608","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Migrants’ transnational housing investments are a relatively overlooked field to explore the workings of so-called migration industries, as we do, in this paper, through a case study of Ecuadorian migration. Based on fieldwork with two real estate agencies in Madrid and visits to their housing projects in Quito, we show how these companies support Ecuadorians’ collective socio-cultural practices in Madrid, in order to capitalise on their potential to invest in the homeland. As the agencies claim, migrants who buy properties in Ecuador do not just pursue their own interest. They also display their unremitting attachment to the country, besides paving the way for a ‘successful’ return. As our analysis reveals, housing investments can indeed facilitate migrant’s physical, emotional, and existential mobility. However, the repertoire of ‘Ecuadorianness’ these agencies deploy in Spain has little to do with the symbols and imaginaries of modernity and success on which their real estate developments in Ecuador rely. This reveals the inherent tensions in status and life projects between immigration and emigration contexts, and the role of transnational housing investments in mediating them.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"894 - 916"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1842608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42637205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1851491
T. Shum
ABSTRACT Asylum-seekers nowadays undertake multiple journeys before reaching a country of resettlement. In Southeast Asia, several countries are playing important roles as transit locations. This paper focuses on Thailand, which serves as a major transit point for Sri Lankan Tamil asylum-seekers who hope to move to resettlement countries through irregular channels. Drawing on in-depth interviews and ethnographic observations from 2018 to 2019, this paper examines the Sri Lankan Tamil asylum-seekers’ migration experiences in Bangkok, and how they plan their onward migration and utilise connection networks. Moving beyond traditional pull-push approach that standardises reasons to flee, this research uses asylum-seeking habitus as a conceptual lens to explore the interactive process between structure (economic and cultural) and asylum-seekers, and individual/communal interpretations of such structural environment that trigger onward migration aspirations of asylum-seekers in a transit country. In Bangkok, because lived experiences do not meet personal and/or familial expectations, insecurity prevails following news from others in their networks, which then triggers onward migratory disposition among Sri Lankan Tamil asylum-seekers. Asylum-seeking habitus as a conceptual lens provides a useful approach in assisting us in understanding asylum-seekers’ vision of autonomy by investigating their changing perceptions of security at different stages of the journey.
{"title":"Stuck in transit: asylum-seeking habitus and onward migration aspirations of Sri Lankan Tamil asylum-seekers in Bangkok","authors":"T. Shum","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1851491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1851491","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Asylum-seekers nowadays undertake multiple journeys before reaching a country of resettlement. In Southeast Asia, several countries are playing important roles as transit locations. This paper focuses on Thailand, which serves as a major transit point for Sri Lankan Tamil asylum-seekers who hope to move to resettlement countries through irregular channels. Drawing on in-depth interviews and ethnographic observations from 2018 to 2019, this paper examines the Sri Lankan Tamil asylum-seekers’ migration experiences in Bangkok, and how they plan their onward migration and utilise connection networks. Moving beyond traditional pull-push approach that standardises reasons to flee, this research uses asylum-seeking habitus as a conceptual lens to explore the interactive process between structure (economic and cultural) and asylum-seekers, and individual/communal interpretations of such structural environment that trigger onward migration aspirations of asylum-seekers in a transit country. In Bangkok, because lived experiences do not meet personal and/or familial expectations, insecurity prevails following news from others in their networks, which then triggers onward migratory disposition among Sri Lankan Tamil asylum-seekers. Asylum-seeking habitus as a conceptual lens provides a useful approach in assisting us in understanding asylum-seekers’ vision of autonomy by investigating their changing perceptions of security at different stages of the journey.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"974 - 993"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1851491","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41361766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1787102
Sanatan Nayak
The recent book ‘The Demographic and Development Divide in India: A District Level Analyses’, looks the critical nexus of demographic dividends, social and economic development during last few decades in India. It demonstrates the critical issues inherited in demographic structure and fertility, migration, education, health, employment and finally inequality. Sanjay Mohanty, U.S. Mishra and Rajesh Chouhan are the lead authors along with scholars of economics, statistics and demographic backgrounds have written this book. It is the product of in-depth research and strong analytical framework by using large-scale data from Census 2011, National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4, District Level Household and Family Survey (DLHS), many rounds of NSS and high-level professional-published articles. This is the first ever and unique book that provides key aspects of demographic, human development and economic parameters at district level in 640 districts of India. The genesis of the book is that national average conceals large variation across districts of India. Districts of India are the key administrative unit and base of decentralized planning. The average inhabitants of districts is almost 2 million with diverse in level of human development. There are nine thematic chapters (excluding first and last chapter), underpinned with strong theoretical background, conceptual clarity, historical perspective, empirical evidence and critical analysis of deviation between demographic structure and economic development.
最近出版的《印度的人口与发展鸿沟:地区层面分析》一书，着眼于印度过去几十年人口红利、社会和经济发展之间的关键联系。它显示了人口结构和生育率、移徙、教育、保健、就业以及最后是不平等方面遗留下来的关键问题。Sanjay Mohanty, U.S. Mishra和Rajesh Chouhan是本书的主要作者，他们是经济学、统计学和人口统计学背景的学者。它是通过2011年人口普查、全国家庭健康调查(NFHS)-4、区级家庭和家庭调查(DLHS)的大规模数据、多轮NSS和高水平专业发表的文章，进行深入研究和强大分析框架的产物。这是有史以来第一本独特的书，提供了印度640个地区的人口、人类发展和经济参数的关键方面。这本书的起源是，全国平均水平掩盖了印度各区之间的巨大差异。印度各区是分散规划的主要行政单位和基地。各区平均居民近200万，人类发展水平参差不齐。共有九个专题章节(不包括第一章和最后一章)，以强大的理论背景、清晰的概念、历史视角、经验证据和对人口结构与经济发展之间偏差的批判性分析为基础。
{"title":"The demographic and development divide in India: a district level analysis","authors":"Sanatan Nayak","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1787102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1787102","url":null,"abstract":"The recent book ‘The Demographic and Development Divide in India: A District Level Analyses’, looks the critical nexus of demographic dividends, social and economic development during last few decades in India. It demonstrates the critical issues inherited in demographic structure and fertility, migration, education, health, employment and finally inequality. Sanjay Mohanty, U.S. Mishra and Rajesh Chouhan are the lead authors along with scholars of economics, statistics and demographic backgrounds have written this book. It is the product of in-depth research and strong analytical framework by using large-scale data from Census 2011, National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4, District Level Household and Family Survey (DLHS), many rounds of NSS and high-level professional-published articles. This is the first ever and unique book that provides key aspects of demographic, human development and economic parameters at district level in 640 districts of India. The genesis of the book is that national average conceals large variation across districts of India. Districts of India are the key administrative unit and base of decentralized planning. The average inhabitants of districts is almost 2 million with diverse in level of human development. There are nine thematic chapters (excluding first and last chapter), underpinned with strong theoretical background, conceptual clarity, historical perspective, empirical evidence and critical analysis of deviation between demographic structure and economic development.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"56 1","pages":"169 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89338179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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