Pub Date : 2020-07-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1787101
G. Natalucci, N. Faedda, Alunni Fegatelli D., U. Nanni, A. Vestri, L. Norton, V. Guidetti
ABSTRACT In recent years, the prevalence of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors (URMs) in Europe has increased and not much research has been carried out in the area of quantifying the psychological problems facing such minors. The aim of this study is to assess whether URMs have more emotional and behavioral difficulties than Italian children and if there were any significant differences in psychological problems comparing URMs who come from different countries. The URM group, composed of 98 males aged 11–17 years, was compared with 103 Italian adolescents aged 12–17 years. Psychological vulnerabilities were assessed using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. What we found with our research is that URMs would seem to be much more pro-social than Italian boys, although they would seem to have more problems with peers and in managing their emotions. This high pro-sociality could be useful for the purposes of support and prevention of possible future psychological problems. Furthermore, Italian children scored higher in behavioural problems subscale than URMs, suggesting a probable relationship between low prosociality and high behavioural problems.
{"title":"Psychological vulnerability of unaccompanied refugee minors: a controlled cohort study using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire","authors":"G. Natalucci, N. Faedda, Alunni Fegatelli D., U. Nanni, A. Vestri, L. Norton, V. Guidetti","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1787101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1787101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In recent years, the prevalence of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors (URMs) in Europe has increased and not much research has been carried out in the area of quantifying the psychological problems facing such minors. The aim of this study is to assess whether URMs have more emotional and behavioral difficulties than Italian children and if there were any significant differences in psychological problems comparing URMs who come from different countries. The URM group, composed of 98 males aged 11–17 years, was compared with 103 Italian adolescents aged 12–17 years. Psychological vulnerabilities were assessed using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. What we found with our research is that URMs would seem to be much more pro-social than Italian boys, although they would seem to have more problems with peers and in managing their emotions. This high pro-sociality could be useful for the purposes of support and prevention of possible future psychological problems. Furthermore, Italian children scored higher in behavioural problems subscale than URMs, suggesting a probable relationship between low prosociality and high behavioural problems.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"420 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1787101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48739734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-16DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1756714
Petia Genkova, Marie Grimmelsmann
ABSTRACT Due to the increasing need to understand integration processes and existing impediments, the present study investigated interculturality in Germany with N = 171Germans and Migrants in terms of social identity, personality, social distance as well as xenophobia and their relationship amongst each other. Results confirmed that openness and flexibility predict outgroup orientation for the total sample and the German subsample. However, this was not true for the subsample of migrants. Furthermore, within the German subsample, outgroup orientation had a decreasing influence on hostility towards foreigners and refugees, whereas national identity had an enhancing influence on xenophobia. Moreover, within the subsample of migrants, a decreasing influence of outgroup orientation on xenophobia was only confirmed towards foreigners. It was also shown that xenophobia has an enhancing influence on social distance within the total sample and the German subsample. For the subsample of migrants, this was not the case. Overall, the present study reveals the importance of personality traits regarding the success of migration in Germany through individual predispositions against foreigners that influence the process of integration. The results can be used to derive measures to support the integration, e.g., in the form of intercultural trainings.
{"title":"Investigating interculturality in Germany by means of social identity, social distance, personality and xenophobia","authors":"Petia Genkova, Marie Grimmelsmann","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1756714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1756714","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to the increasing need to understand integration processes and existing impediments, the present study investigated interculturality in Germany with N = 171Germans and Migrants in terms of social identity, personality, social distance as well as xenophobia and their relationship amongst each other. Results confirmed that openness and flexibility predict outgroup orientation for the total sample and the German subsample. However, this was not true for the subsample of migrants. Furthermore, within the German subsample, outgroup orientation had a decreasing influence on hostility towards foreigners and refugees, whereas national identity had an enhancing influence on xenophobia. Moreover, within the subsample of migrants, a decreasing influence of outgroup orientation on xenophobia was only confirmed towards foreigners. It was also shown that xenophobia has an enhancing influence on social distance within the total sample and the German subsample. For the subsample of migrants, this was not the case. Overall, the present study reveals the importance of personality traits regarding the success of migration in Germany through individual predispositions against foreigners that influence the process of integration. The results can be used to derive measures to support the integration, e.g., in the form of intercultural trainings.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"314 - 333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1756714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44414311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-13DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2020.1762333
K. Arar
ABSTRACT The article traces Palestinian Arab graduates in Israel, who acquired HE in the former USSR. The article clarifies the unique contribution of these studies to social, economic and political aspects of Palestinian Arab society in Israel. Qualitative methodology was employed, eliciting data from semi-structured interviews with 20 Palestinian Arab graduates, selected by ‘snowball’ method to represent two generations of students that migrated temporarily to the USSR for their studies. The findings indicate that the financial factor was a decisive motivator to study in the former USSR.As active communist party members, they received full scholarships for USSR universities. A ‘push’ factor was that the difficulty involved in gaining acceptance for prestigious disciplines in Israeli universities, free professions desiredby Palestinian students from Israel to free them from reliance on Israeli establishment employment. On graduation, the students returned to Israel, where they underwent a re-integration into a traditional Arab society that had hardly altered since they left. It is concluded that the former USSR supported and reinforced the economic, social and political fabric of Palestinian Arab society in Israel, training skilled academics and professionals who provide essential services and support for their society.
{"title":"Temporary migration of Palestinian students to the former USSR: motivations, conflicts and impact","authors":"K. Arar","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2020.1762333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1762333","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article traces Palestinian Arab graduates in Israel, who acquired HE in the former USSR. The article clarifies the unique contribution of these studies to social, economic and political aspects of Palestinian Arab society in Israel. Qualitative methodology was employed, eliciting data from semi-structured interviews with 20 Palestinian Arab graduates, selected by ‘snowball’ method to represent two generations of students that migrated temporarily to the USSR for their studies. The findings indicate that the financial factor was a decisive motivator to study in the former USSR.As active communist party members, they received full scholarships for USSR universities. A ‘push’ factor was that the difficulty involved in gaining acceptance for prestigious disciplines in Israeli universities, free professions desiredby Palestinian students from Israel to free them from reliance on Israeli establishment employment. On graduation, the students returned to Israel, where they underwent a re-integration into a traditional Arab society that had hardly altered since they left. It is concluded that the former USSR supported and reinforced the economic, social and political fabric of Palestinian Arab society in Israel, training skilled academics and professionals who provide essential services and support for their society.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"11 1","pages":"334 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2020.1762333","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45825228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1602983
Elvis Nshom, Ilkhom Khalimzoda
ABSTRACT Russian minorities are one of the most significant minority groups in Finland. Research on Finnish-Russian relations, suggests that Finnish adolescents have feelings of prejudice towards Russian immigrants. Studies that examine the association between these feelings of prejudice and the kind of acculturation preferences Finns have towards Russian immigrants do not exist. In a sample of 305 Finnish adolescents, this study investigates the relationship between feelings of prejudice and support for acculturation preferences (assimilation and integration) towards Russian immigrants. While controlling for the effect of age, gender, level of education, and family´s economic condition, results revealed a significant positive relationship between prejudice and assimilation and a negative but non-significant relationship between prejudice and support for integration. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed as well.
{"title":"Prejudice and acculturation preferences towards Russian immigrants in Finland","authors":"Elvis Nshom, Ilkhom Khalimzoda","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2019.1602983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1602983","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Russian minorities are one of the most significant minority groups in Finland. Research on Finnish-Russian relations, suggests that Finnish adolescents have feelings of prejudice towards Russian immigrants. Studies that examine the association between these feelings of prejudice and the kind of acculturation preferences Finns have towards Russian immigrants do not exist. In a sample of 305 Finnish adolescents, this study investigates the relationship between feelings of prejudice and support for acculturation preferences (assimilation and integration) towards Russian immigrants. While controlling for the effect of age, gender, level of education, and family´s economic condition, results revealed a significant positive relationship between prejudice and assimilation and a negative but non-significant relationship between prejudice and support for integration. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed as well.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"222 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2019.1602983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45267156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1601829
K. Kuschminder, Jennifer Waidler
ABSTRACT Limited research has been conducted on migrants’ decision making factors in transit and this is an important area of investigation that goes beyond the origin-destination country dichotomy most commonly represented in migrant decision making. This paper examines the decision making factors for onwards migration or stay of migrants from Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and Syria in Greece and Turkey. This paper is based on a unique dataset of surveys collected with 1056 migrants in Athens and Istanbul from May- July 2015. The decision for onwards migration or stay is examined through a probit regression analysis. Four categories of influencing variables are discussed: the country of origin, current conditions in the transit country, the initial migration destination choice and previous onwards migration attempts. The results demonstrate that first; the majority of respondents in both countries seek to migrate onwards (75% in Greece and 63% in Turkey) and that conditions in the transit country are highly significant in influencing onwards migrate decisions including their current subjective living conditions, employment, experiences of abuse, and speaking the local language. This paper contextualizes the findings and highlight the complexity of factors influencing migrants’ decision making in Greece and Turkey.
{"title":"At Europe’s frontline: factors determining migrants decision making for onwards migration from Greece and Turkey","authors":"K. Kuschminder, Jennifer Waidler","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2019.1601829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1601829","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Limited research has been conducted on migrants’ decision making factors in transit and this is an important area of investigation that goes beyond the origin-destination country dichotomy most commonly represented in migrant decision making. This paper examines the decision making factors for onwards migration or stay of migrants from Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and Syria in Greece and Turkey. This paper is based on a unique dataset of surveys collected with 1056 migrants in Athens and Istanbul from May- July 2015. The decision for onwards migration or stay is examined through a probit regression analysis. Four categories of influencing variables are discussed: the country of origin, current conditions in the transit country, the initial migration destination choice and previous onwards migration attempts. The results demonstrate that first; the majority of respondents in both countries seek to migrate onwards (75% in Greece and 63% in Turkey) and that conditions in the transit country are highly significant in influencing onwards migrate decisions including their current subjective living conditions, employment, experiences of abuse, and speaking the local language. This paper contextualizes the findings and highlight the complexity of factors influencing migrants’ decision making in Greece and Turkey.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"188 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2019.1601829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42100254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1603670
Beauty Muyambo, Dick Ranga
ABSTRACT This study assessed socio-economic impacts of labour migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa using the case of a rural community in Bikita district of Masvingo Province. Mixed methods were used during primary data collection. The sample comprised 48 households selected through snowball sampling and five purposively selected key informants. Data analysis involved both statistical and thematic analysis. The major reason for migration from this community to South Africa was the search for employment given the lack of jobs in Zimbabwe. This helped migrant households improve their purchasing power and enhance their consumption of goods. Remittances were, however, inadequate to meet all household needs. Hence, some failed to pay children’s school fees in time, access health services when ill, and have balanced diets. When migrant workers decide to move to South Africa, it is not always the case that their children automatically have a better life. Some of them fail to remit regularly and if they send money home, small amounts may be involved. Despite this challenge, migrant households depended on remittances which cushioned them during times of need. Government should control labour migration to South Africa through creating employment and ensure that children of poor labour migrants attend school.
{"title":"Socio-economic impacts of labour migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa: an investigation based on rural Bikita District","authors":"Beauty Muyambo, Dick Ranga","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2019.1603670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1603670","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study assessed socio-economic impacts of labour migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa using the case of a rural community in Bikita district of Masvingo Province. Mixed methods were used during primary data collection. The sample comprised 48 households selected through snowball sampling and five purposively selected key informants. Data analysis involved both statistical and thematic analysis. The major reason for migration from this community to South Africa was the search for employment given the lack of jobs in Zimbabwe. This helped migrant households improve their purchasing power and enhance their consumption of goods. Remittances were, however, inadequate to meet all household needs. Hence, some failed to pay children’s school fees in time, access health services when ill, and have balanced diets. When migrant workers decide to move to South Africa, it is not always the case that their children automatically have a better life. Some of them fail to remit regularly and if they send money home, small amounts may be involved. Despite this challenge, migrant households depended on remittances which cushioned them during times of need. Government should control labour migration to South Africa through creating employment and ensure that children of poor labour migrants attend school.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"274 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2019.1603670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46823509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1627785
Janna Miletzki
ABSTRACT How do refugees develop a sense of belonging and de facto citizenship throughout long-term exile? This question, now relevant for global policy as ever, is at the heart of this journal article. This article analysesBurundian refugees’ everyday practices and narratives of belonging and claiming of rights while waiting for de jure citizenship in a rural settlement in empirical terms. It starts by providing a theoretical framework that introduces the concept of ‘pragmatics of belonging’, then it traces different phases of governance in the settlement’s history and continues by showing how the practices of belonging have been in tension with policies of care and control of the settlement. This research is based on qualitative field research in Ulyankulu Settlement in Tabora region and in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in 2012, when the refugees were still waiting for citizenship in a period of uncertainty.
{"title":"Burundian refugees’ journey towards citizenship: pragmatics of belonging in Ulyankulu settlement, Tanzania","authors":"Janna Miletzki","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2019.1627785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1627785","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT How do refugees develop a sense of belonging and de facto citizenship throughout long-term exile? This question, now relevant for global policy as ever, is at the heart of this journal article. This article analysesBurundian refugees’ everyday practices and narratives of belonging and claiming of rights while waiting for de jure citizenship in a rural settlement in empirical terms. It starts by providing a theoretical framework that introduces the concept of ‘pragmatics of belonging’, then it traces different phases of governance in the settlement’s history and continues by showing how the practices of belonging have been in tension with policies of care and control of the settlement. This research is based on qualitative field research in Ulyankulu Settlement in Tabora region and in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in 2012, when the refugees were still waiting for citizenship in a period of uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"253 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2019.1627785","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47783947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1601831
T. Kamninga
ABSTRACT The study examines whether education externality effects on migration among household heads in Malawi exists and uses data from the Fourth Malawi Integrated Household Survey. Following the Von Neumann Morgenstern in the random utility maximization framework, the paper aims at contributing to literature in three strands. Firstly, by delving into the possible intra-household and inter-household effects of education on migration decision. Secondly, by assessing the effects of education at different levels of schooling in Malawi and finally by questioning who benefits more from education externalities between the household and the community. Drawing from a discrete choice model and using both the Probit and the random effects Probit models the study finds statistically significant spillover effects measured through the intra-household and inter-household externality effects. Almost 65% of the variations in the propensity to migrate are due to intra-household heterogeneity implying that households benefit more to migration than community. Different levels of education have different levels of impact on migration decision with an increasing positive effect as a person moves up on education ladder. Communities with higher literacy is more unlikely to send its members into migration.
{"title":"Spillover effects of education on internal migration in Malawi","authors":"T. Kamninga","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2019.1601831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1601831","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study examines whether education externality effects on migration among household heads in Malawi exists and uses data from the Fourth Malawi Integrated Household Survey. Following the Von Neumann Morgenstern in the random utility maximization framework, the paper aims at contributing to literature in three strands. Firstly, by delving into the possible intra-household and inter-household effects of education on migration decision. Secondly, by assessing the effects of education at different levels of schooling in Malawi and finally by questioning who benefits more from education externalities between the household and the community. Drawing from a discrete choice model and using both the Probit and the random effects Probit models the study finds statistically significant spillover effects measured through the intra-household and inter-household externality effects. Almost 65% of the variations in the propensity to migrate are due to intra-household heterogeneity implying that households benefit more to migration than community. Different levels of education have different levels of impact on migration decision with an increasing positive effect as a person moves up on education ladder. Communities with higher literacy is more unlikely to send its members into migration.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"238 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2019.1601831","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43758033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1621035
J. Cassar
ABSTRACT This article traces the experiences of a Syrian refugee who journeyed from Aleppo to other countries until his resettlement in Malta. His harrowing story throws light on the politics of space in the context of forced migratory attempts. The study examines Ayman’s subjectivities to demonstrate that the rights to asylum and to movement are continuously contested, negotiated and reimagined. Ayman’s escape, journey and resettlement constituted physical and social spaces that determined his life prospects and forged his destiny. At all stages the struggle to survive triggered strong emotions that Ayman later expressed in order to transmit his appeal for global solidarity that he justified on the basis of the ‘oneness’ of the world. I employ an autoethnographic methodological approach to draw on the power of emotions in the telling of Ayman’s story and make sense of it. Ayman’s story calls for ethical sensibility, forgiveness, hospitality, communal sharing of resources and respect for cultural differences in the aftermath of forced displacement in an era which makes staying and leaving impermanent.
{"title":"The politics of space surrounding the escape, journey and resettlement of asylum seekers crossing the Mediterranean Sea","authors":"J. Cassar","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2019.1621035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1621035","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article traces the experiences of a Syrian refugee who journeyed from Aleppo to other countries until his resettlement in Malta. His harrowing story throws light on the politics of space in the context of forced migratory attempts. The study examines Ayman’s subjectivities to demonstrate that the rights to asylum and to movement are continuously contested, negotiated and reimagined. Ayman’s escape, journey and resettlement constituted physical and social spaces that determined his life prospects and forged his destiny. At all stages the struggle to survive triggered strong emotions that Ayman later expressed in order to transmit his appeal for global solidarity that he justified on the basis of the ‘oneness’ of the world. I employ an autoethnographic methodological approach to draw on the power of emotions in the telling of Ayman’s story and make sense of it. Ayman’s story calls for ethical sensibility, forgiveness, hospitality, communal sharing of resources and respect for cultural differences in the aftermath of forced displacement in an era which makes staying and leaving impermanent.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"173 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2019.1621035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42896873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-03DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1591052
A. Rashad, M. Sharaf, Elhussien Ibrahim Mansour
ABSTRACT There is a marked height difference between Palestinian children living in the refugee camps and children of the remaining population in Jordan. Children living in refugee camps are significantly shorter than the rest of the children in the hosting population. We explore the drivers of the height gap, measured by the height for age z-score, among children residing in refugee camps and the non-camp residents. A Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition is used to quantify the sources of the inequalities between the two groups into two components; one that is explained by regional differences in the level of the determinants, and another part that is explained by differences in the effect of the determinants of the child nutritional status. Our results suggest that the endowment effect dominates the coefficients effect. More specifically, the height gap is mainly driven by wealth disparities between the two groups. Poverty alleviation programs such as conditional cash transfers programs and microfinance to camps’ residents would help to reduce the spatial nutrition inequalities.
{"title":"Why are Palestinian refugee children shorter than the children of host community in Jordan?","authors":"A. Rashad, M. Sharaf, Elhussien Ibrahim Mansour","doi":"10.1080/21632324.2019.1591052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1591052","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a marked height difference between Palestinian children living in the refugee camps and children of the remaining population in Jordan. Children living in refugee camps are significantly shorter than the rest of the children in the hosting population. We explore the drivers of the height gap, measured by the height for age z-score, among children residing in refugee camps and the non-camp residents. A Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition is used to quantify the sources of the inequalities between the two groups into two components; one that is explained by regional differences in the level of the determinants, and another part that is explained by differences in the effect of the determinants of the child nutritional status. Our results suggest that the endowment effect dominates the coefficients effect. More specifically, the height gap is mainly driven by wealth disparities between the two groups. Poverty alleviation programs such as conditional cash transfers programs and microfinance to camps’ residents would help to reduce the spatial nutrition inequalities.","PeriodicalId":74195,"journal":{"name":"Migration and development","volume":"9 1","pages":"209 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21632324.2019.1591052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45741974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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