Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.3844/ajeassp.2020.649.657
M. Poderico, G. Morani
This paper describes the validation activities of the 3Dof Orbital- Sim tool developed by Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA) and capable of simulating the orbital flight dynamics of a generic spacecraft. The primary strategic goals of the Validation Program of the Orbital-Sim tool were to create an autonomous and effective Orbital Simulator tool for CIRA and Italian community needs. This paper then describes the workflow for the processes and results of Verification and Validation (V&V) for the 3DoF Orbital Dynamics simulation tools. Test cases and results demonstrate that the Orbital-Sim tools have passed successfully all the test cases foreseen by the Validation Program.
{"title":"Validation of Tools for 3Dof Orbital Dynamics Simulation","authors":"M. Poderico, G. Morani","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2020.649.657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2020.649.657","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the validation activities of the 3Dof Orbital- Sim tool developed by Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA) and capable of simulating the orbital flight dynamics of a generic spacecraft. The primary strategic goals of the Validation Program of the Orbital-Sim tool were to create an autonomous and effective Orbital Simulator tool for CIRA and Italian community needs. This paper then describes the workflow for the processes and results of Verification and Validation (V&V) for the 3DoF Orbital Dynamics simulation tools. Test cases and results demonstrate that the Orbital-Sim tools have passed successfully all the test cases foreseen by the Validation Program.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"37 4","pages":"649-657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91495405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.3844/ajeassp.2020.699.706
F. Dehghani, Halimeh Askari-Sabzkoohi, T. Ghosh
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. New Insights into the Pre-Concentration of Alunite from a Siliceous ore using Froth Flotation Fahimeh Dehghani, Halimeh Askari-Sabzkoohi, Tathagata Ghosh
{"title":"New Insights into the Pre-Concentration of Alunite from a Siliceous ore using Froth Flotation","authors":"F. Dehghani, Halimeh Askari-Sabzkoohi, T. Ghosh","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2020.699.706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2020.699.706","url":null,"abstract":"HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. New Insights into the Pre-Concentration of Alunite from a Siliceous ore using Froth Flotation Fahimeh Dehghani, Halimeh Askari-Sabzkoohi, Tathagata Ghosh","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91344281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.846.857
K. Ostad‑Ali‑Askari, S. Alvankar, H. Rabiefar
It was planned most hydraulic projects, for instance barriers, it was defined the overflow of the rivers. If the river absences any position to measure the yield, the hydraulic models can be utilized to estimate it. SWAT is widely-used computerized mockups. It was required to feed such influential climatological information as precipitation, temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity, in addition to, watershed information with the curve number and roughness constant to compute the watershed runoff. Watershed contain few climate positions and it was dangerous that the registered data in a position was not characterized the entire watershed. Consequently, the amount of the runoff estimation fault wants to be defined. This research considers the sensitivity of the runoff estimation for rivers, Using the SWAT prototypical, based on differences in such climatological components as precipitation, solar radiation, wind, humidity and temperature. The obtained consequences specify that with a 30.46% decline in the average monthly precipitation, sunshine, relative humidity, wind and temperature, it was set ermined 64.73% decline, 115.14% rise, 45.99% reduce, 126.58% rise and 40.15% rise in modeled runoff, individually. The wind speed and the solar radiation are the most sensitive and temperature is the least sensitive parameters in the runoff estimation.
{"title":"Investigation of Climatological Components on Runoff Modeling using SWAT","authors":"K. Ostad‑Ali‑Askari, S. Alvankar, H. Rabiefar","doi":"10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.846.857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.846.857","url":null,"abstract":"It was planned most hydraulic projects, for instance barriers, it was defined the overflow of the rivers. If the river absences any position to measure the yield, the hydraulic models can be utilized to estimate it. SWAT is widely-used computerized mockups. It was required to feed such influential climatological information as precipitation, temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity, in addition to, watershed information with the curve number and roughness constant to compute the watershed runoff. Watershed contain few climate positions and it was dangerous that the registered data in a position was not characterized the entire watershed. Consequently, the amount of the runoff estimation fault wants to be defined. This research considers the sensitivity of the runoff estimation for rivers, Using the SWAT prototypical, based on differences in such climatological components as precipitation, solar radiation, wind, humidity and temperature. The obtained consequences specify that with a 30.46% decline in the average monthly precipitation, sunshine, relative humidity, wind and temperature, it was set ermined 64.73% decline, 115.14% rise, 45.99% reduce, 126.58% rise and 40.15% rise in modeled runoff, individually. The wind speed and the solar radiation are the most sensitive and temperature is the least sensitive parameters in the runoff estimation.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"846-857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90480234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.3844/ajeassp.2020.610.626
R. Salehi, A. Akbarpour, Armaghan Shalbaftabar
Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures may confront with extreme loading conditions. Sometimes, structures are not only under extreme loading such as earthquakes but also, they may be subjected to fire. Therefore, investigation of reinforced concrete structures which are the most common ones is essential. In this study, experimental RC frame is considered to validate in ABAQUS finite element software. RC frame is subjected to both earthquake and fire loading condition to assess the seismic behavior of structure under extreme conditions. FRP techniques is also consider evaluating the seismic behavior such as load capacity, ductility, energy absorption and stiffness. In this regard, two different approaches including reinforcing and wrapping are employed. In this research, the pattern of retrofitting and reinforcing are the novelty of this work. In fact, the effect of using steel bars, BFRP bars and sheets are evaluated. The new method for combination of steel-BFRP bars and different BFRP sheet’s angle as divergence and convergence are investigated. After carrying out the load-displacement diagrams, the seismic parameters of RC frames are compared and the optimized method and model is presented.
{"title":"Fire Evaluation of RC Frames Strengthened with FRPs Using Finite Element Method","authors":"R. Salehi, A. Akbarpour, Armaghan Shalbaftabar","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2020.610.626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2020.610.626","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures may confront with extreme loading conditions. Sometimes, structures are not only under extreme loading such as earthquakes but also, they may be subjected to fire. Therefore, investigation of reinforced concrete structures which are the most common ones is essential. In this study, experimental RC frame is considered to validate in ABAQUS finite element software. RC frame is subjected to both earthquake and fire loading condition to assess the seismic behavior of structure under extreme conditions. FRP techniques is also consider evaluating the seismic behavior such as load capacity, ductility, energy absorption and stiffness. In this regard, two different approaches including reinforcing and wrapping are employed. In this research, the pattern of retrofitting and reinforcing are the novelty of this work. In fact, the effect of using steel bars, BFRP bars and sheets are evaluated. The new method for combination of steel-BFRP bars and different BFRP sheet’s angle as divergence and convergence are investigated. After carrying out the load-displacement diagrams, the seismic parameters of RC frames are compared and the optimized method and model is presented.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"45 4 1","pages":"610-626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85031518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.602.609
M. Poderico, G. Morani
This paper describes the validation activities of the 6Dof Orbital-Sim tool developed by Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA). These activities had the goal of defining, implementing and executing all the tests necessary to check the accuracy of the model's representation of the real system. The main benchmark used for the Validation activities is STK, identified as the best one for flexibility and functionalities presented. Results show that the accuracy of simulation model is within the requirements defined at the beginning of the validation activities.
{"title":"Validation of Tools for 6Dof Orbital Dynamics Simulation","authors":"M. Poderico, G. Morani","doi":"10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.602.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.602.609","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the validation activities of the 6Dof Orbital-Sim tool developed by Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA). These activities had the goal of defining, implementing and executing all the tests necessary to check the accuracy of the model's representation of the real system. The main benchmark used for the Validation activities is STK, identified as the best one for flexibility and functionalities presented. Results show that the accuracy of simulation model is within the requirements defined at the beginning of the validation activities.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"602-609"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74737864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.819.826
S. P. Deshmukh, Dattatray K. Dalavi, Y. Hunge
TiO2 based photocatalyst has potential material for disinfection of harmful pathogens as well as removal of organic compounds. The formation of reactive oxygen species is a key part for overall process but aggregation and band gap constraint explore a new dimension to use of support for propounding its physicochemical properties. Therefore, the modification of TiO2 using various support alters photocatalytic action and promising ways of the mechanism based on nature of substrates and environments. In addition, the immobilization of nano dimension photocatalyst may reduce overall cost of operation and recovery of photocatalytic materials. In this perspective, extensive range of support materials as carbonaceous matters, clay, polymers, metal oxides have been studied by various researchers; that have been compiled in this review article. The properties of support were the key features for the assortment of appropriate supports for increase its efficiency as photocatalyst. In brief, overall TiO2 based photocatalyst supported on various substrates pave the ways toward new strategies for water disinfection.
{"title":"Disinfection of Water using Supported Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts","authors":"S. P. Deshmukh, Dattatray K. Dalavi, Y. Hunge","doi":"10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.819.826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJEASSP.2020.819.826","url":null,"abstract":"TiO2 based photocatalyst has potential material for disinfection of harmful pathogens as well as removal of organic compounds. The formation of reactive oxygen species is a key part for overall process but aggregation and band gap constraint explore a new dimension to use of support for propounding its physicochemical properties. Therefore, the modification of TiO2 using various support alters photocatalytic action and promising ways of the mechanism based on nature of substrates and environments. In addition, the immobilization of nano dimension photocatalyst may reduce overall cost of operation and recovery of photocatalytic materials. In this perspective, extensive range of support materials as carbonaceous matters, clay, polymers, metal oxides have been studied by various researchers; that have been compiled in this review article. The properties of support were the key features for the assortment of appropriate supports for increase its efficiency as photocatalyst. In brief, overall TiO2 based photocatalyst supported on various substrates pave the ways toward new strategies for water disinfection.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73895387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.3844/ajeassp.2020.827.836
R. Khosravi, F. Dehghani, H. Siavoshi, A. Pazoki, R. Jahanian, T. Ghosh
The numerical taxonomic technique is one of the multivariate decision-making techniques for assessment and ranking. It is widely used for planning and development studies. In this research, flotation experiments were conducted for Band Narges mine iron ore using different pH and particle size ranges. Numerical taxonomy technique, as one of the most important multi-attribute decision-making techniques, was used to determine the best range of particle sizes for the input feed of the flotation cell as well as the pH of the pulp. For this purpose, two different particle size ranges were selected for six different pH values as options. Criteria for evaluating particle size ranges and pHs were determined. Subsequently, effective criteria were determined by performing various tests. Finally, the ranking of the tests was determined using numerical taxonomy. Based on the Fi value (a parameter indicating the appropriate status or developmental rate of the option), the particle sizes <74 µm and pH = 9 were proposed as the optimum conditions to float Band Narges Iron Ore.
{"title":"The Application of Numerical Taxonomy Technique in the Iron Ore Flotation to Determine Appropriate pH and Particle Size Distribution","authors":"R. Khosravi, F. Dehghani, H. Siavoshi, A. Pazoki, R. Jahanian, T. Ghosh","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2020.827.836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2020.827.836","url":null,"abstract":"The numerical taxonomic technique is one of the multivariate decision-making techniques for assessment and ranking. It is widely used for planning and development studies. In this research, flotation experiments were conducted for Band Narges mine iron ore using different pH and particle size ranges. Numerical taxonomy technique, as one of the most important multi-attribute decision-making techniques, was used to determine the best range of particle sizes for the input feed of the flotation cell as well as the pH of the pulp. For this purpose, two different particle size ranges were selected for six different pH values as options. Criteria for evaluating particle size ranges and pHs were determined. Subsequently, effective criteria were determined by performing various tests. Finally, the ranking of the tests was determined using numerical taxonomy. Based on the Fi value (a parameter indicating the appropriate status or developmental rate of the option), the particle sizes <74 µm and pH = 9 were proposed as the optimum conditions to float Band Narges Iron Ore.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77203710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3844/ajeassp.2020.138.145
Razan Aleasawi, Sultan Tarawneh
The socioeconomic policies within the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan aim to enhance the Public-Private Partnership (PPP), one of the Relational Contracting models, to encourage investment, improve public services, upgrade infrastructure and boost financial resources, in line with Jordan 2025 Vision (Ministry of Municipal Affairs, 2014). The construction sector itself has a growth plan of 5% in order to meet this vision, however, it suffers many difficulties. This paper aims to highlight one of the main problems (i.e., wrong choice of the contracting model) that causes a significant effect on the project as well as create a practical project management tool that supports the decision-making process at the concept stage of projects in Jordan. The project context (internal and external factors) has been linked to different parts of the contracting model; contract forms, compensation forms and co-operation forms “Fig. 1”. The aim is to find the relationship between each factor within every part of the contracting model. Consequently, identify how all these relationships could affect the process of selecting the cooperation form, between the owner and the contractor(s). Semi-structured interviews with parties who have actual experience with relational contracting in the Jordanian construction sector have been conducted. The main findings of this research led to the creation of a project management tool that supports the decision-making process at the concept stage of projects in Jordan, regarding relational contracting. These findings suggest that relational contracting is the right choice for complex projects within the context of critical resources, critical resources and lead-time and uncertainties.
{"title":"Relational Contracting in the Building Sector in Jordan as a Substitute to Conventional Formal Methods","authors":"Razan Aleasawi, Sultan Tarawneh","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2020.138.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2020.138.145","url":null,"abstract":"The socioeconomic policies within the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan aim to enhance the Public-Private Partnership (PPP), one of the Relational Contracting models, to encourage investment, improve public services, upgrade infrastructure and boost financial resources, in line with Jordan 2025 Vision (Ministry of Municipal Affairs, 2014). The construction sector itself has a growth plan of 5% in order to meet this vision, however, it suffers many difficulties. This paper aims to highlight one of the main problems (i.e., wrong choice of the contracting model) that causes a significant effect on the project as well as create a practical project management tool that supports the decision-making process at the concept stage of projects in Jordan. The project context (internal and external factors) has been linked to different parts of the contracting model; contract forms, compensation forms and co-operation forms “Fig. 1”. The aim is to find the relationship between each factor within every part of the contracting model. Consequently, identify how all these relationships could affect the process of selecting the cooperation form, between the owner and the contractor(s). Semi-structured interviews with parties who have actual experience with relational contracting in the Jordanian construction sector have been conducted. The main findings of this research led to the creation of a project management tool that supports the decision-making process at the concept stage of projects in Jordan, regarding relational contracting. These findings suggest that relational contracting is the right choice for complex projects within the context of critical resources, critical resources and lead-time and uncertainties.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"138-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74893160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-18DOI: 10.3844/ajeassp.2020.124.137
A. Seixas, José Roberto De Seixas
In this work, one type of vertical bench mark is presented for the realization of the Vertical Local Geodetic Network for the control and analysis of settling foundation elements. The revision of the previous norm NBR 6122/96 to the current norm NBR 6122/2010, contributed in Brazil to the obligation of the services of measurement of settlings in buildings with more than 60 m in height. This increased the demand for geodetic surveys to control the performance of building foundations. The vertical geodetic network determined by the high precision geometric leveling method materializes a vertical Reference System for the establishment of heights reference standards and investigation of vertical displacements of elements of the foundations of buildings, for example, of shoes and blocks. For economic reasons, in this work, the "static" Level References were embedded in pillars of building structure outside the domain of the work, with more than 50 years of post-construction and installed on Franki stakes. For this reason, it was necessary to create a Vertical Local Geodetic Network to transport height to the work, which allowed the study of the vertical behavior of three types of materialization of level references: embedded in building structure pillars; superficial and fixed on sidewalks; fixed at two meters deep and immediate to the building. So, this work aims to present the methodology to analyze the stability of bench marks used for the measurement of settlements in buildings under construction and post- construction.
{"title":"Methodology to Analyze the Stability of Bench Marks Applied for Settling Measurements of Buildings Foundation","authors":"A. Seixas, José Roberto De Seixas","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2020.124.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2020.124.137","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, one type of vertical bench mark is presented for the realization of the Vertical Local Geodetic Network for the control and analysis of settling foundation elements. The revision of the previous norm NBR 6122/96 to the current norm NBR 6122/2010, contributed in Brazil to the obligation of the services of measurement of settlings in buildings with more than 60 m in height. This increased the demand for geodetic surveys to control the performance of building foundations. The vertical geodetic network determined by the high precision geometric leveling method materializes a vertical Reference System for the establishment of heights reference standards and investigation of vertical displacements of elements of the foundations of buildings, for example, of shoes and blocks. For economic reasons, in this work, the \"static\" Level References were embedded in pillars of building structure outside the domain of the work, with more than 50 years of post-construction and installed on Franki stakes. For this reason, it was necessary to create a Vertical Local Geodetic Network to transport height to the work, which allowed the study of the vertical behavior of three types of materialization of level references: embedded in building structure pillars; superficial and fixed on sidewalks; fixed at two meters deep and immediate to the building. So, this work aims to present the methodology to analyze the stability of bench marks used for the measurement of settlements in buildings under construction and post- construction.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"124-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82550440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-05DOI: 10.3844/ajeassp.2020.111.123
R. Petrescu, F. Petrescu
Even though the current classical methods of aerospace propulsion are much improved, some of the most modern methods have already been introduced, including propulsion with electric motors. Energy can be obtained from hydrogen burners, honeycomb burners to protect the combustion of hydrogen that burns 10 times faster than conventional fuels or alcohols. Hydrogen storage is also done in honeycomb cell reservoirs. Getting solar photovoltaic energy even during flight is not yet effective, but maybe proposed in the future for lighter and/or space vehicles. A great desire is to pour water into hydrogen and oxygen directly on the aircraft so that the stored fuel is actually water and the hydrogen used is extracted from the water. In this case, it is no longer necessary to store hydrogen. And other modern methods of energy propulsion and acquisition are briefly presented in the paper.
{"title":"About Aircraft's New Power and Propulsion","authors":"R. Petrescu, F. Petrescu","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2020.111.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2020.111.123","url":null,"abstract":"Even though the current classical methods of aerospace propulsion are much improved, some of the most modern methods have already been introduced, including propulsion with electric motors. Energy can be obtained from hydrogen burners, honeycomb burners to protect the combustion of hydrogen that burns 10 times faster than conventional fuels or alcohols. Hydrogen storage is also done in honeycomb cell reservoirs. Getting solar photovoltaic energy even during flight is not yet effective, but maybe proposed in the future for lighter and/or space vehicles. A great desire is to pour water into hydrogen and oxygen directly on the aircraft so that the stored fuel is actually water and the hydrogen used is extracted from the water. In this case, it is no longer necessary to store hydrogen. And other modern methods of energy propulsion and acquisition are briefly presented in the paper.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"111-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87633800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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