Neuroimage. Reports最新文献_第8页

Unsupervised subtyping of motor dysfunction of Parkinson's disease and its structural brain imaging correlates 帕金森病运动功能障碍的无监督分型及其脑结构成像相关性

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100246

Yu-Fan Lin , Jong-Ling Fuh , Albert C. Yang

Background

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a clinical neurodegenerative disorder. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) has been used as a standard measure of the PD symptom profile, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is widely used for identifying the critical brain regions involved in PD progression.

Objectives

The present study aimed to (1) identify PD subtypes based on the motor dysfunction profile in the MDS-UPDRS and (2) find the differences in gray matter volumes of brain regions, and (3) compare non-motor features between the subtypes to explore their distinct clinical profiles.

Methods

In total, 299 patients with PD and 173 healthy participants from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative were included. A software package, Generalized Association Plots, was used to cluster the motor dysfunction profile in the MDS-UPDRS. Regression models and the Artificial Intelligence Platform as a Service were used to quantify the differences in gray matter volume of brain regions between subtypes.

Results

We identified three PD subtypes—resting tremor, intermediate, and akinetic-rigid—using motor symptom clustering. MRI analysis revealed significant differences in brain regions, including the posterior cingulate gyrus, lenticular nucleus, olfactory cortex, and cerebellum. Non-motor features, such as cognitive decline and autonomic dysfunctions, varied across subtypes, highlighting distinct systemic profiles. Akinetic-rigid patients exhibited the most severe impairments, while tremor-dominant patients showed milder non-motor symptoms.

Discussion

Three PD subtypes of motor dysfunction were identified. Structural brain imaging revealed subtype-specific differences not only in cingulum and putamen regions, but also in the olfactory cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and cerebellum, correlating with motor symptoms. Non-motor features varied by subtype, with increasing severity from tremor-dominant to akinetic-rigid.

帕金森病（PD）是一种临床神经退行性疾病。统一帕金森病评定量表（UPDRS）已被用作PD症状概况的标准测量，磁共振（MR）成像被广泛用于识别PD进展中涉及的关键脑区。目的本研究旨在(1)根据MDS-UPDRS的运动功能障碍特征确定PD亚型；(2)发现脑区灰质体积的差异；(3)比较亚型之间的非运动特征以探索其不同的临床特征。方法共纳入299名PD患者和173名来自帕金森进展标志物计划的健康参与者。一个软件包，广义关联图，用于在MDS-UPDRS中对运动功能障碍概况进行聚类。使用回归模型和人工智能平台即服务来量化不同亚型大脑区域灰质体积的差异。结果通过运动症状聚类，我们确定了三种PD亚型——静息性震颤、中度震颤和动性刚性震颤。MRI分析显示，大脑区域有显著差异，包括扣带回后区、透镜状核、嗅觉皮层和小脑。非运动特征，如认知能力下降和自主神经功能障碍，在不同亚型中有所不同，突出了不同的系统特征。动刚型患者表现出最严重的损伤，而震颤型患者表现出较轻的非运动症状。PD的运动功能障碍分为三种亚型。脑结构成像显示，不仅在扣带和壳核区域，而且在嗅觉皮层、海马旁回和小脑也存在亚型特异性差异，这些差异与运动症状相关。非运动特征因亚型而异，从震颤为主到运动僵硬的严重程度逐渐增加。

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引用次数: 0

Radiation-induced brain injury in non-human primates: A dual tracer PET study with [11C]MPC-6827 and [11C]PiB [11C]MPC-6827和[11C]PiB双示踪PET研究

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100245

Naresh Damuka , George W. Schaaf , Mack Miller , Caleb Bradley , Bhuvanachandra Bhoopal , Ivan Krizan , Krishna K. Gollapelli , Christopher T. Whitlow , J. Mark Cline , Kiran K. Solingapuram Sai

Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) share key pathological features, including β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque formation and microtubule (MT) destabilization, both contributing to neurodegeneration. This pilot study assessed Aβ deposition and MT stability in non-human primates (NHPs) exposed to ionizing radiation, utilizing [¹¹C]PiB and [¹¹C]MPC-6827 PET imaging to explore neurodegenerative mechanisms. Fourteen rhesus macaques, seven irradiated and seven controls underwent PET imaging. Tracers were synthesized and brain regions (ex. cingulate, hippocampus, and occipital lobe) were analyzed for tracer uptake. Although no statistically significant whole-brain differences in tracer uptake were found between irradiated and control groups, significant regional differences were observed in the occipital lobe, where irradiated NHPs exhibited higher [¹¹C]MPC-6827 uptake (p < 0.0001), suggesting MT destabilization. No significant differences were found in [¹¹C]PiB uptake. Correlation analysis revealed a slight positive association (Pearson r = 0.2866) between irradiation dose and [¹¹C]MPC-6827 uptake. These findings suggest that irradiation-induced MT destabilization may be region-specific, offering insights into shared neurodegenerative pathways in RIBI and AD, highlighting the potential of [¹¹C]MPC-6827 as a marker for early neuronal dysfunction in irradiated brains.

辐射性脑损伤（RIBI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）具有共同的关键病理特征，包括β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）斑块形成和微管（MT）不稳定，两者都有助于神经退行性变。本初步研究利用[11C]PiB和[11C]MPC-6827 PET成像技术，评估电离辐射暴露下非人灵长类动物（NHPs） Aβ沉积和MT稳定性，探讨神经退行性机制。14只恒河猴，7只辐照猕猴和7只对照猕猴接受PET成像。合成示踪剂，并分析脑区域（如扣带回、海马和枕叶）示踪剂摄取情况。尽管辐照组和对照组在全脑示踪剂摄取方面没有统计学意义上的差异，但在枕叶中观察到显著的区域差异，在枕叶中，辐照的NHPs表现出更高的[11C]MPC-6827摄取(p <；0.0001)，表明MT不稳定。[11C]PiB摄取无显著差异。相关分析显示辐照剂量与[11C]MPC-6827摄取呈轻微正相关（Pearson r = 0.2866）。这些发现表明，辐射诱导的MT不稳定可能是区域特异性的，为RIBI和AD的共同神经退行性通路提供了洞见，突出了[11C]MPC-6827作为受辐射大脑早期神经元功能障碍标志物的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Practical scan-length considerations for mapping upper limb movements to the somatosensory/motor cortex at 7T: A pilot study 在7T时将上肢运动映射到体感/运动皮层的实际扫描长度考虑：一项初步研究

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100240

D. Rangaprakash , Olivia E. Rowe , Hyungeun Song , Samantha Gutierrez-Arango , Julianna Gerold , Erica A. Israel , Michael F. Fernandez , Matthew J. Carty , Hugh M. Herr , Robert L. Barry

The relationship between motor cortex (M1) and upper limb movements has been investigated extensively using functional MRI (fMRI). While most research has focused on applications, very few studies have focused on practical aspects of developing the fMRI protocol. Thus, the effect of scan length on M1 activations during various upper limb movements remains unclear. Scan length constraints are important for conducting motor experiments within a 60- or 90-minute scan session. We targeted this gap in the literature in this pilot study by investigating 7T fMRI activations in a male participant while performing eight different upper limb movements (of the fingers, wrist, and elbow) across 16 task runs (8 with the left arm, 8 with the right arm, 88 minutes total fMRI duration). Standard activation analyses were performed (Z > 3.1, p < 0.01, cluster thresholded) independently for 14 different cases (2 runs through 8 runs, left and right arm) and subsequently compared. We found diminishing returns, presented as activations gradually plateauing, with higher number of runs. We observed two broad categories of movements, one with generally higher activation (more activated voxels and higher Z-stats) and the other with lower activation. To achieve similar statistical power, movements with lower activation required longer scanning (more runs). Based on these observations, we propose a ‘one size does not fit all’ practical protocol within a 60-, 75-, or 90- minute scan session, wherein different numbers of runs are assigned for different movements. We validated the 75-minute protocol using seven separate scans (N = 3). Our study could benefit researchers who are designing upper limb fMRI experiments.

运动皮质（M1）与上肢运动之间的关系已被广泛研究的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）。虽然大多数研究都集中在应用上，但很少有研究集中在开发功能磁共振成像方案的实际方面。因此，在各种上肢运动中，扫描长度对M1激活的影响尚不清楚。扫描长度限制对于在60或90分钟的扫描时段内进行运动实验是重要的。我们在这项初步研究中针对文献中的这一空白，通过调查男性参与者在16个任务组（左臂8个，右臂8个，总共88分钟的fMRI持续时间）中进行8种不同的上肢运动（手指、手腕和肘部）时的7T fMRI激活情况。进行标准活化分析(Z >；3.1, p <；0.01，聚类阈值)对14个不同病例（2组至8组，左臂和右臂）独立进行比较。我们发现收益递减，表现为随着运行次数的增加，激活逐渐趋于平稳。我们观察到两大类运动，一类通常具有较高的激活度（更多激活体素和更高的Z-stats），另一类具有较低的激活度。为了获得类似的统计能力，低激活的运动需要更长的扫描时间（更多的运行）。基于这些观察，我们建议在60分钟、75分钟或90分钟的扫描时段内采用“一种尺寸不适合所有人”的实用方案，其中针对不同的动作分配不同的跑步次数。我们通过7次单独的扫描（N = 3）验证了75分钟的方案。我们的研究可以使正在设计上肢功能磁共振成像实验的研究人员受益。

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引用次数: 0

Utilization of resting-state electroencephalography spectral power in convolutional neural networks for classification of primary progressive aphasia 静息状态脑电图频谱功率卷积神经网络在原发性进行性失语症分类中的应用

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100242

Christina Quinn , Alex Craik , Rachel Tessmer , Maya L. Henry , Heather Dial

We investigated relative power spectral density (PSD) in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) in delta, theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands in eyes open and closed resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). Our aims were to assess whether discernible differences could be observed between each PPA variant and to determine the utility of PSD for PPA classification when used as input to a convolutional neural network (CNN). Findings in the current study were similar to previous studies in logopenic PPA, with a significant increase in relative PSD in delta and theta bands and a significant reduction in the beta band (consistent with oscillatory slowing). We did not observe a significant increase in power for lower frequency bands or a reduction of power in higher frequency bands for semantic or nonfluent PPA, in contrast to what has been previously reported. In semantic PPA, evidence pointed to oscillatory speeding, not the slowing that was previously reported in a single-case study. In nonfluent PPA, spectral power fell between logopenic and semantic PPA, suggesting there is oscillatory slowing but to a lesser extent than logopenic PPA. The CNN was relatively successful in distinguishing PPA from healthy controls (F1 = 0.851). The CNN did not perform as well on four-way classification (lvPPA, svPPA, nfvPPA, controls; F1 = 0.586) but was significantly above chance. These results are promising and suggest that resting-state EEG may prove useful as a biomarker for PPA diagnosis. Potential factors underlying the differences between the findings of the current study and previous work are discussed.

研究了开眼和闭眼静息状态脑电图(EEG) δ、θ、α和β频段的相对功率谱密度（PSD）在原发性进行性失语症（PPA）中的作用。我们的目的是评估每个PPA变体之间是否可以观察到明显的差异，并确定PSD作为卷积神经网络（CNN）输入时用于PPA分类的效用。本研究的结果与先前对logopenic PPA的研究相似，δ和θ波段的相对PSD显著增加，β波段的显著减少（与振荡减慢一致）。与之前的报道相反，我们没有观察到语义性或非流畅性PPA在较低频段的功率显著增加或在较高频段的功率减少。在语义PPA中，证据指向振荡加速，而不是先前在单一案例研究中报道的减速。在非流利PPA中，频谱功率介于词性PPA和语义PPA之间，表明存在振荡性减慢，但程度低于词性PPA。CNN在区分PPA和健康对照方面相对成功（F1 = 0.851）。CNN在四向分类（lvPPA, svPPA, nfvPPA，对照）中表现不佳；F1 = 0.586)，但显著高于概率。这些结果是有希望的，并表明静息状态脑电图可能被证明是PPA诊断的生物标志物。本文还讨论了导致当前研究结果与以往研究结果差异的潜在因素。

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引用次数: 0

Brain topology and cognitive outcomes after cardiac arrest: A graph theoretical analysis of fMRI data 心脏骤停后的脑拓扑结构和认知结果：fMRI数据的图理论分析

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100244

Marlous M.L.H. Verhulst , Puck Lange , Anil Man Tuladhar , Prejaas Tewarie , Pauline C.W. van Gils , Caroline van Heugten , Judith Bonnes , Thijs Delnoij , Rick Helmich , Jeannette Hofmeijer

Introduction

Half of all cardiac arrest patients experience long-term cognitive impairment. Identifying patients at risk is challenging and underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Since postanoxic encephalopathy is diffuse, measures of global network organization might contribute to identifying these patients at risk. We studied MRI-based whole-brain and subnetwork topology in relation to short- and long-term cognitive outcomes after cardiac arrest.

Methods

We performed a multicenter prospective cohort study in cardiac arrest survivors. Patients underwent resting-state functional MRI during hospitalization (within one month after cardiac arrest). We analyzed 264 regions of interest using Power's atlas, extracting mean timeseries and calculating pairwise connectivity with Pearson's correlation. Overall functional connectivity, global efficiency, clustering coefficient, and modularity were calculated for the whole brain and five subnetworks. Cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) during hospitalization, at three, and twelve months, and using neuropsychological examination at twelve months. Mixed effects models were used to examine relationships between topology measures and cognitive outcomes. We corrected for multiple testing.

Results

We included 80 patients (age 60 ± 11 years, 70 (90%) male). Our analyses showed consistent relations between various topology measures of the sensory/somatomotor network (SSN) and MoCA score during hospitalization and memory, attention, and executive functioning at twelve months follow up. After correction for multiple testing, we found no statistically significant relations between whole-brain and subnetwork graph measures and cognitive outcomes.

Conclusion

Early whole brain functional topology was not related to short- or long-term cognitive outcome after cardiac arrest in this analysis. Potential relations between SSN topology and cognitive outcome point towards spatial heterogeneity of postanoxic encephalopathy. Possible predictive values of SSN structure or function need further investigation.

一半的心脏骤停患者经历长期认知障碍。识别有风险的患者是具有挑战性的，潜在的机制也不完全清楚。由于缺氧后脑病是弥漫性的，全球网络组织的措施可能有助于识别这些处于危险中的患者。我们研究了基于核磁共振成像的全脑和子网拓扑与心脏骤停后短期和长期认知结果的关系。方法我们对心脏骤停幸存者进行了一项多中心前瞻性队列研究。患者在住院期间（心脏骤停后一个月内）进行静息状态功能MRI检查。我们使用Power的图谱分析了264个感兴趣的区域，提取了平均时间序列，并用Pearson的相关性计算了两两连通性。计算了全脑和5个子网络的整体功能连通性、全局效率、聚类系数和模块化。在住院期间、3个月和12个月时使用蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）测量认知功能，并在12个月时使用神经心理学检查。混合效应模型被用来检验拓扑测量和认知结果之间的关系。我们修正了多重测试。结果纳入80例患者，年龄60±11岁，男性70例（90%）。我们的分析显示，住院期间感觉/躯体运动网络（SSN）和MoCA评分的各种拓扑测量与12个月随访时的记忆、注意力和执行功能之间存在一致的关系。在对多重测试进行校正后，我们发现全脑和子网图测量与认知结果之间没有统计学上显著的关系。结论早期全脑功能拓扑与心脏骤停后的短期或长期认知结局无关。神经网络拓扑结构与认知结果之间的潜在关系指向缺氧后脑病的空间异质性。SSN结构或功能的预测价值有待进一步研究。

{"title":"Brain topology and cognitive outcomes after cardiac arrest: A graph theoretical analysis of fMRI data","authors":"Marlous M.L.H. Verhulst , Puck Lange , Anil Man Tuladhar , Prejaas Tewarie , Pauline C.W. van Gils , Caroline van Heugten , Judith Bonnes , Thijs Delnoij , Rick Helmich , Jeannette Hofmeijer","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Half of all cardiac arrest patients experience long-term cognitive impairment. Identifying patients at risk is challenging and underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Since postanoxic encephalopathy is diffuse, measures of global network organization might contribute to identifying these patients at risk. We studied MRI-based whole-brain and subnetwork topology in relation to short- and long-term cognitive outcomes after cardiac arrest.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a multicenter prospective cohort study in cardiac arrest survivors. Patients underwent resting-state functional MRI during hospitalization (within one month after cardiac arrest). We analyzed 264 regions of interest using Power's atlas, extracting mean timeseries and calculating pairwise connectivity with Pearson's correlation. Overall functional connectivity, global efficiency, clustering coefficient, and modularity were calculated for the whole brain and five subnetworks. Cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) during hospitalization, at three, and twelve months, and using neuropsychological examination at twelve months. Mixed effects models were used to examine relationships between topology measures and cognitive outcomes. We corrected for multiple testing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 80 patients (age 60 ± 11 years, 70 (90%) male). Our analyses showed consistent relations between various topology measures of the sensory/somatomotor network (SSN) and MoCA score during hospitalization and memory, attention, and executive functioning at twelve months follow up. After correction for multiple testing, we found no statistically significant relations between whole-brain and subnetwork graph measures and cognitive outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early whole brain functional topology was not related to short- or long-term cognitive outcome after cardiac arrest in this analysis. Potential relations between SSN topology and cognitive outcome point towards spatial heterogeneity of postanoxic encephalopathy. Possible predictive values of SSN structure or function need further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of post-processing methods and frequency bands on rs-fMRI: An example of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) 后处理方法和频带对rs-fMRI的影响——以电针足三里（ST36）为例

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100238

YingJie Kang , YiLei Chen , ZhiGang Gong , YanWen Huang , Hui Wang , Jiling Huang , SongHua Zhan , YiJing Li , WenLi Tan

Objective

Electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) exerted an effect on brain function by regulating spontaneous brain activity. This study aims to investigate the influence of different post-processing methods of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and different frequency band to measure brain low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) after electroacupuncture at ST36.

Methods

Twenty-eight healthy subjects were recruited and received true electroacupuncture (EA) and sham electroacupuncture (SA) at ST36 respectively. The rs-fMRI scans were performed before and immediately after electroacupuncture. Three post-processing methods were used to evaluate the amplitude of LFOs: fractional ALFF (fALFF), percent amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF) and wavelet-transform ALFF (Wavelet-ALFF). Besides the conventional low-frequency band (0.01–0.1Hz), three additional sub-bands were observed, including slow-6 (0–0.01Hz), slow-5 (0.01–0.027Hz) and slow-4 (0.027–0.073Hz). Paired t-test was conducted to investigate the intra-group differences of three post-processing methods before and after each intervention. In the comparison of inter-group difference, the paired t-test was conducted between SA and EA.

Results

Electroacupuncture at ST36 increased LFO amplitudes, with more pronounced effects compared to SA. As compared to SA, the fALFF values in the left superior frontal gyrus and orbital middle frontal gyrus increased after EA. Only the EA group showed an increase in Wavelet-ALFF. PerAF was the most sensitive method for detecting LFO amplitude changes and revealed changes in white matter. Additionally, brain LFO changes were frequency-dependent, with more favorable results observed in the conventional low-frequency band and the slow-5 band.

Conclusion

Post-processing methods affect the interpretation of brain effects caused by electroacupuncture at ST36. FALFF was suitable for observing brain LFO differences between EA and SA. Wavelet-ALFF was stable but less sensitive. PerAF was a promising method for investigating LFOs in white matter. The brain LFO changes caused by electroacupuncture at ST36 were frequency-dependent.

目的电针足三里穴通过调节自发性脑活动影响脑功能。本研究旨在探讨不同低频波动幅度（ALFF）后处理方法和不同频段对电针ST36脑低频振荡（LFOs）测量的影响。方法招募健康受试者28例，分别在ST36点接受真电针（EA）和假电针（SA）治疗。在电针之前和之后立即进行rs-fMRI扫描。采用分数ALFF （fALFF）、波动幅度百分比（PerAF）和小波变换ALFF （Wavelet-ALFF）三种后处理方法对lfo的振幅进行评价。除常规低频（0.01 ~ 0.1 hz）外，还增加了慢-6 （0 ~ 0.01 hz）、慢-5 （0.01 ~ 0.027 hz）和慢-4 (0.027 ~ 0.073 hz) 3个子频段。采用配对t检验，考察各干预前后三种后处理方法的组内差异。在组间差异比较中，SA与ea进行配对t检验。结果ST36点电针可使LFO波幅增加，且效果比SA更明显。与SA相比，EA组左额上回和眶额中回的fALFF值升高，只有EA组的Wavelet-ALFF值升高。PerAF是检测LFO振幅变化和显示白质变化最灵敏的方法。此外，脑LFO的变化是频率依赖性的，在常规低频和慢-5波段观察到更有利的结果。结论后处理方法影响电针ST36脑效应的解释。FALFF适用于观察EA与SA的脑LFO差异。小波- alff稳定，但灵敏度较低。PerAF是一种很有前途的研究白质lfo的方法。电针ST36点引起的脑LFO变化具有频率依赖性。

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引用次数: 0

Attentional dysfunction arises from right frontocentral and occipital network connectivity in Parkinson's disease 帕金森氏症的注意功能障碍是由右侧额中央和枕叶网络连通性引起的

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100241

Isobel Timothea French , Kuo-Hsuan Chang , Wei-Kuang Liang , Wen-Sheng Chang , Yen-Shi Lo , Yi-Ru Wang , Mei-Ling Cheng , Norden E. Huang , Hsiu-Chuan Wu , Siew-Na Lim , Chiung-Mei Chen , Chi-Hung Juan

Background

The Flanker task measures visuospatial attention and assesses the attentional network by distinguishing pathways for enhancing information at attended regions and suppressing information at unattended ones (Kopp et al., 1996). In Parkinson's disease (PD), the attentional network is impaired due to dysfunctional fronto-subcortical circuits connected to the basal ganglia, disrupting response selection and inhibition. While electroencephalography (EEG) may reveal abnormalities of these circuits in PD, dynamic brain oscillations critical for interareal communications cannot be deciphered with conventional time-frequency analyses.

Objective

To utilize the novel Holo-Hilbert Spectral Analysis (HHSA) to reveal dynamic EEG features of the Flanker task in PD patients and healthy normal controls for differentiating and elucidating attentional network deficits in patients.

Methods

The novel HHSA was applied to uncover nonlinear features of the Flanker task EEG and to analyse connectivity using phase-amplitude cross-frequency coupling.

Results

Holo-Hilbert transform (HHT) results showed an attenuated midfrontal theta (FMθ) in the congruency effect in PD patients, consistent with past studies. HHSA showed a loss of low-frequency amplitude modulations (f_am) in the theta carrier frequency band (f_c) during the congruency effect in PD. Importantly, connectivity analyses using the Holo-Hilbert cross-frequency phase clustering (HHCFPC) revealed a loss of theta-gamma cross frequency coupling (CFC) from the right prefrontal cortex to other frontal and contralateral regions. Decrements were also shown in PD patients from right frontal cortical to occipital areas in theta-beta CFC.

Conclusions

These visuospatial attention deficits of PD revealed with the advanced analytical method of the HHSA and HHCFPC may inaugurate further neurophysiological biomarkers for cognitive function evaluation in PD and related movement disorders.

Flanker任务测量视觉空间注意力，并通过区分在参与区域增强信息和在无人参与区域抑制信息的途径来评估注意力网络（Kopp等人，1996）。在帕金森病（PD）中，由于与基底神经节相连的额皮质下回路功能失调，干扰了反应选择和抑制，注意力网络受损。虽然脑电图（EEG）可以揭示PD患者这些电路的异常，但对于区域间通信至关重要的动态脑振荡不能用传统的时频分析来破译。目的利用全新的Holo-Hilbert谱分析（HHSA）揭示PD患者和健康正常人侧卫任务的动态脑电图特征，以鉴别和阐明PD患者的注意网络缺陷。方法利用新的HHSA揭示侧卫任务脑电的非线性特征，并利用相幅交叉频耦合分析脑电的连通性。结果holo - hilbert变换（HHT）结果显示PD患者的中额θ (FMθ)在一致性效应中减弱，与以往的研究一致。在PD的一致性效应中，HHSA表现出θ载波频段（fc）低频振幅调制（fam）的损失。重要的是，使用Holo-Hilbert交叉频率相位聚类（HHCFPC）的连通性分析显示，从右侧前额叶皮层到其他额叶和对侧区域的theta-gamma交叉频率耦合（CFC）缺失。PD患者的β - CFC从右额皮质区到枕区也出现下降。结论采用先进的HHSA和HHCFPC分析方法揭示PD患者的视觉空间注意缺陷，为PD及相关运动障碍的认知功能评价开辟了新的神经生理生物标志物。

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引用次数: 0

Asymmetric representation of symmetric semantic information in the human brain 人脑中对称语义信息的不对称表示

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100243

Jiaxin Wang , Kiichi Kawahata , Antoine Blanc , Naoya Maeda , Shinji Nishimoto , Satoshi Nishida

Specific pairs of semantic entities have symmetric relationships, such as word pairs with opposite meanings (e.g., “intelligent” and “stupid”; “human” and “mechanical”). Such semantic symmetry is a key feature of semantic information. However, the representation of symmetric semantic information in the brain is not yet understood. For example, it remains unclear whether symmetric pairs of semantic information are represented in overlapping or distinct brain regions. We addressed this question in a data-driven manner by using the voxelwise modeling of movie-evoked cortical response measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. In this modeling, response in each voxel was predicted from semantic labels designated for each movie scene. The semantic labels consisted of 30 different concepts, including 15 pairs of semantically symmetric concepts. Each concept was manually evaluated using a 5-point scale. By localizing the semantic representation associated with each concept based on the voxelwise accuracy of brain-response predictions, we found that semantic representations of symmetric concept pairs are broadly distributed but with little overlap in the cortex. Additionally, the weight of voxelwise models revealed highly complex, various patterns of cortical representations for each concept pair. These results suggest that symmetric semantic information has rather asymmetric and heterogeneous representations in the human brain.

特定的语义实体对具有对称关系，例如具有相反含义的单词对(例如，“intelligent”和“stupid”；“人”和“机械”)。这种语义对称是语义信息的一个重要特征。然而，对称语义信息在大脑中的表现尚未被理解。例如，尚不清楚对称的语义信息对是否在重叠或不同的大脑区域中表示。我们通过使用功能磁共振成像测量的电影诱发皮层反应的体素建模，以数据驱动的方式解决了这个问题。在该建模中，根据为每个电影场景指定的语义标签预测每个体素的响应。语义标签由30个不同的概念组成，其中15对语义对称的概念。每个概念都是用5分制手工评估的。通过对每个概念的语义表征进行定位，我们发现对称概念对的语义表征在皮层中分布广泛，但很少重叠。此外，体素模型的权重揭示了每个概念对的高度复杂、多样的皮质表征模式。这些结果表明，对称语义信息在人脑中具有相当不对称和异构的表征。

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引用次数: 0

Regional gray matter thickness correlations of the hearing and deaf feline brains 听觉猫科动物与失聪猫科动物大脑区域灰质厚度的相关性

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100239

Stephen G. Gordon , Alessandra Sacco , Stephen G. Lomber

The overall function and associated structure of the brain changes dramatically following early-onset hearing loss in a process known as compensatory crossmodal plasticity. As the microscale changes to cerebral morphology driving these adaptations can be reflected macrostructurally in MRI analyses, high interregional correlations in features such as gray matter thickness are potentially indicative of functional relationships. To probe the changes in these associations following deafness using structure alone, perinatally-deafened and hearing control cats were scanned at 7T to obtain high-resolution T1-weighted images. After calculating regional thicknesses for 146 cortical areas, the 10,585 associated pairwise correlations were used to establish group-specific structural connectomes. Similar distributions of correlation strength were revealed between the two populations, however there was an overall increase in the density of the structurally-defined connectome following deafness. The connections demonstrating the most dramatic increases of correlational strength in the deprived group were those relating to the auditory and visual cortices, with a more balanced distribution of increases and decreases to connections involving solely non-sensory regions. In corroboration with previous feline structural- and diffusion-based neuroimaging literature, these results imply a reorganization of cortical gray matter to increase the overall processing of the remaining senses within a potentially less complex and more redundant connectome. The present study adds to the developing field of deafness literature through the implementation of novel analyses that add an additional perspective on neuroplasticity within the feline brain.

早发性听力损失后，大脑的整体功能和相关结构发生了巨大的变化，这一过程被称为代偿性跨模态可塑性。由于驱动这些适应的大脑形态的微观变化可以在MRI分析中从宏观结构上反映出来，因此灰质厚度等特征的高区域间相关性可能表明功能关系。为了仅使用结构来探讨耳聋后这些关联的变化，对围产期耳聋猫和听力对照组猫进行7T扫描，获得高分辨率t1加权图像。在计算146个皮质区域的区域厚度后，使用10,585个相关的成对相关性来建立群体特异性结构连接体。在两组人群中发现了相似的相关强度分布，但在耳聋后，结构定义连接体的密度总体上有所增加。在被剥夺的一组中，相关强度增加最显著的是那些与听觉和视觉皮层有关的连接，而仅涉及非感觉区域的连接的增加和减少分布更为平衡。与先前基于猫科动物结构和扩散的神经影像学文献相一致，这些结果表明，皮层灰质的重组，增加了在一个可能不那么复杂和更冗余的连接体中剩余感官的整体处理。本研究通过实施新颖的分析，增加了对猫大脑神经可塑性的额外视角，从而增加了耳聋文献的发展领域。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing precision in multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation: A U-net based machine learning approach with data augmentation 提高多发性硬化症病灶分割的精度：一种基于U-net的数据增强机器学习方法

Q4 Neuroscience

Neuroimage. Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100235

Oezdemir Cetin , Berkay Canel , Gamze Dogali , Unal Sakoglu

Segmentation of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesions from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data presents a significant challenge due to the necessity for large volumes of training data and a sophisticated training process. Traditional MRI datasets often lack the extensive sample sizes required for effective training, necessitating the exploration of alternative methods for accurate segmentation. This study proposes a robust machine learning algorithm designed to identify MS lesions using both single-modal and multi-modal MRI data. The proposed algorithm employs Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in the form of U-Net architecture, a renowned model for biomedical image segmentation. To address the issue of insufficient training data, data augmentation techniques have been implemented, enhancing the diversity and volume of the training set. The dataset for this study was created from MRI data of 20 subjects. The algorithm's effectiveness was evaluated using the DSC score, a statistical tool that measures the similarity between two samples. The model achieved a DSC score of 0.7960 in the training set and 0.7912 in the test set, demonstrating its effectiveness in performing segmentation of MS from multi-modal MRI data. The predicted locations of MS lesions were compared with the corresponding layers of white matter, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid within the brain. This innovative approach aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of MS lesion segmentation, contributing to advancements in precision medicine and the overall understanding of MS.

由于需要大量的训练数据和复杂的训练过程，从磁共振成像（MRI）数据中分割多发性硬化症（MS）病变是一项重大挑战。传统的MRI数据集通常缺乏有效训练所需的广泛样本量，因此需要探索替代方法来进行准确分割。本研究提出了一种鲁棒的机器学习算法，旨在使用单模态和多模态MRI数据识别MS病变。该算法采用U-Net结构形式的卷积神经网络（cnn），这是一种著名的生物医学图像分割模型。为了解决训练数据不足的问题，采用了数据增强技术，增强了训练集的多样性和容量。本研究的数据集是根据20名受试者的MRI数据创建的。该算法的有效性是用DSC评分来评估的，DSC评分是一种衡量两个样本之间相似性的统计工具。该模型在训练集中的DSC得分为0.7960，在测试集中的DSC得分为0.7912，证明了该模型对多模态MRI数据进行MS分割的有效性。将MS病变的预测位置与脑内相应的白质、灰质和脑脊液层进行比较。这种创新的方法旨在提高MS病变分割的准确性和效率，为精准医学的进步和对MS的全面了解做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0