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Probabilistic Approach for Identifying Longest Fuzzy Critical Path 最长模糊关键路径识别的概率方法
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.06
Ranen Z.Ahmood, Fedaa N. Abdulahad
This paper, considers the occurring problem of fuzzy project network either in some or whole activities which areinterrupted. A probability density function is constructed from the activities of the membership of the fuzzy set. Then an approach is proposed for identifying the longest critical path, by determining in each activity thecriticality index depending on the costs yielded from project lateness caused by the interruption activities. A case study is presented and simulated to explain our approach.
本文考虑了模糊工程网络在部分或全部活动中断时出现的问题。从模糊集的隶属度活动构造了一个概率密度函数。然后提出了一种识别最长关键路径的方法,通过确定每个活动的关键指数,该指数取决于由中断活动引起的项目延迟所产生的成本。通过一个案例研究和模拟来解释我们的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Determination of Heavy Metals in Some Types of Imported Fish from Local Markets 本港市场进口鱼类的重金属含量测定
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.03
Wedad H. Al-Dahhan, Shayma M. Ahmad, Omran Mansour, J. Jebali, E. Yousif
Heavy metals can be considered in the aquatic environment as natural archaeological components and their quantities have risen as a result of industrial pollution. Heavy metals do not degrade over time and their concentrations can only rise due to bioaccumulation unlike organic contaminants. In the recent period, fish consumption has increased significantly because of its nutritional benefits, as it is a vital source of protein, as well as being high in critical vitamins and minerals. Because of the presence of heavy metals in frozen fish, it is a global public health issue concern but their presence remains essential and important for human physiological activities. However, when concentrations exceed the established allowed limits, they can be detrimental. The aim of this study was to quantify the concentration of heavy metals in frozen fish samples selected from Baghdad’s local markets. Six samples (Cleaned Shrimps, Anchovy Fillets, Captain Fisher Shrimps, Mackerel Fillets, Super Fresh Kalamar Squid and Frozen Rainbow Trout) of common brands of imported fish were selected from Iraqi markets in Baghdad. Acid digestion with a mixture of (65% HNO3 with 37% HCL) was carried out to free heavy metals fromfish samples to prepare solutions for testing in atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) device. The results reveal that the element concentrations in the selected samples (Cr, Co, Fe, Cu, Ni, K, Zn and Mg) are within the acceptable levels, and are lower than the permitted exposure limits according to international standards. It is remarkable to mention that the quantities of (Cd and Pb) are lower than permissible exposure limits of cadmium (0.2 mg/Kg) and lead (0.5 mg/Kg), implying that these imported items could be consumed safely.
重金属在水生环境中被认为是一种天然的考古成分,其数量由于工业污染而增加。重金属不会随着时间的推移而降解,与有机污染物不同,它们的浓度只会因生物积累而上升。最近一段时间,鱼类的营养价值显著增加,因为它是蛋白质的重要来源,而且富含重要的维生素和矿物质。由于冷冻鱼中存在重金属,这是一个全球性的公共卫生问题,但它们的存在对人类生理活动仍然是必不可少和重要的。然而,当浓度超过规定的允许限度时,它们可能是有害的。这项研究的目的是量化从巴格达当地市场挑选的冷冻鱼样本中重金属的浓度。从巴格达的伊拉克市场选取了6种常见品牌的进口鱼类样品(洗净虾、凤尾鱼片、船长虾、鲭鱼片、超级新鲜卡拉玛鱿鱼和冷冻虹鳟鱼)。采用65% HNO3和37% HCL的混合物进行酸消化,去除鱼样品中的重金属,制备用于原子吸收光谱(AAS)装置检测的溶液。结果表明,所选样品中的Cr、Co、Fe、Cu、Ni、K、Zn和Mg元素浓度均在可接受范围内,均低于国际标准的允许暴露限值。值得注意的是,(Cd和Pb)的数量低于镉(0.2毫克/公斤)和铅(0.5毫克/公斤)的允许接触限值,这意味着这些进口物品可以安全食用。
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引用次数: 0
Medical Oxygen Safe Handling During Coronavirus Pandemic: Short Review 冠状病毒大流行期间医用氧气的安全处理:简短回顾
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.09
Wedad H. Al-Dahhan, M. Kadhom, Mustafa Abdallh, Emad A. Yousif, S. A. Mohammed
When oxygen is mentioned, we think of air that we inhale. However, oxygen that is used for medical purposes and treatments should be highly pure (> 99.5 %).Materials and Methods: Medical oxygen can be used for oxygen therapy, anesthetics, resuscitation, and life support. Using excess oxygen could cause several side effects, including nasal irritation, hypoxic respiratory drive, and pulmonary oxygen toxicity. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, while there is an increasing demand for medical oxygen, it can be concluded that a number of health care centers are not equipped to handle oxygen cylinders in a safe way. Also, the household use of oxygen cylinders can be considered as anew risk in terms of the lack of safe use of compressed gases. Conclusion: Several precautions and some case studies are reported in this paper, mainly are the basic recommendations for safe medical oxygen gas handling.
当提到氧气时,我们想到的是我们吸入的空气。然而,用于医疗目的和治疗的氧气应该是高纯度的(> 99.5%)。材料与方法:医用氧气可用于氧疗、麻醉、复苏和生命维持。使用过量的氧气可能会导致一些副作用,包括鼻腔刺激、缺氧呼吸驱动和肺氧中毒。结果:2019冠状病毒病疫情期间,医疗用氧需求不断增加,但仍有部分卫生保健中心缺乏安全处理氧气瓶的设备。此外,就缺乏安全使用压缩气体而言,家庭使用氧气瓶可被视为新的风险。结论:本文报道了医用氧气安全处理的几个注意事项和一些案例,主要是安全处理医用氧气的基本建议。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-Cancer Activity of gold (III) and Nickel (II) Metal Ion Complexes Derived from Tetrazole-Triazole Compound 四唑-三唑化合物金(III)、镍(II)金属离子配合物的合成、表征及抗癌活性
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.02
Afnan H. Ghani, Ammar J. Alabdali
This research is for academic understanding to work out new ligand behavior4-({(5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-sulfanyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)amino}(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)methyl)-2-methoxyphenol (L) with gold (III) and nickel (II) metal ions. Ligand (L) has been synthesized from cyclization of the interaction of (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl){[5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-sulfanyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]amino}acetonitrile (F) with sodium azide. α-Amino nitrile compound (F) intern synthesized from interaction of aldehyde amine and KCN acidic medium as three components one put reaction. The presence of well oriented donor atoms (N2-type) of ligand (L) interacted with gold (III) and nickel (II) ions under reflux to prepare [1:2] [M:L]Cl electrolytic complexes, the complexes [Au (L)3]Cl3and [Ni (L)2]Cl2were suggested to have square planar geometry. The resulting products were characterized via technical1H-NMR, UV-Vis, IR spectroscopy, conductivity and EDX. The cytotoxic effect was studied on a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7 cell line). At different concentrations for both complexes. The results showed that gold(III) complex has higher cytotoxicity than nickel(II) complex against cancer cell line.
本研究的目的是为了研究新的配体4-({(5-(4-羟基苯基)-3-磺胺基- 1h -1,2,4-三唑-1-基)氨基}(1h -四唑-5-基)甲基)-2-甲氧基苯酚(L)与金(III)和镍(II)金属离子的配体行为。由(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基){[5-(4-羟基苯基)-3-磺胺基- 1h -1,2,4-三唑-1-基]氨基}乙腈(F)与叠氮化钠相互作用环化合成配体(L)。以醛胺与KCN酸性介质为三组分一放反应合成α-氨基腈化合物。配体(L)定向良好的给体原子(n2型)与金(III)和镍(II)离子在回流条件下相互作用制备了[1:2][M:L]Cl电解配合物,表明配合物[Au (L)3] cl3和[Ni (L)2] cl2具有方形平面几何结构。通过核磁共振、紫外-可见、红外光谱、电导率和EDX等技术手段对产物进行了表征。细胞毒性效应研究在乳腺癌细胞系(MCF-7细胞株)。两种复合物的浓度不同。结果表明,金(III)配合物对癌细胞的细胞毒性高于镍(II)配合物。
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引用次数: 0
Green Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide (MgO NPs) and Adsorption with Eosin Dye 氧化镁(MgO NPs)的绿色合成及其与伊红染料的吸附
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.01
Alieaa H.Obaid, Fadhila M. Hussein, Salma A.Abbas, Asmaa A. Jawad, Tahseen A.Ibrahim
The green synthesis method is used to create magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles in this study. SEM measurements and X-ray diffraction techniques are used to determine their crystal structure, as well as, FTIR to analyze the MgO na articles. Green synthesis of MgO nanoparticles are a good adsorbent for Eosin dye in aqueous solutions. Contact time, adsorbent mass, temperature, and Eosin dye concentration were all investigated. Freundlich isotherm models and the Eosin dye isotherm adsorption were well identical. The thermodynamic research yielded 101.4152 J/mol K, 0.02826397 kJ/mol, and −30.7005537 kJ/mol for the ΔS, ΔHand ΔGparameters, respectively. moreover, with R2=0.9228, the kinetic investigation revealed that the adsorption was pseudo-second-order.
本研究采用绿色合成方法制备氧化镁纳米颗粒。SEM测量和x射线衍射技术用于确定其晶体结构,FTIR用于分析MgO - na制品。绿色合成的纳米氧化镁是一种良好的水溶液中伊红染料的吸附剂。研究了接触时间、吸附剂质量、温度和伊红染料浓度。Freundlich等温吸附模型与伊红染料等温吸附模型吻合良好。热力学研究结果表明,ΔS、ΔHand ΔGparameters的K值分别为101.4152、0.02826397、- 30.7005537 kJ/mol。在R2=0.9228时,动力学研究表明吸附为准二级吸附。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Effect on Thyroid (T3, T4) Thyroid Stimulating Hormones(TSH) in Rat 氧化镁纳米颗粒对大鼠甲状腺(T3, T4)促甲状腺激素(TSH)影响的研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.04
Alieaa H.Obaid, Salma A. Abbas, Fadhila M. Hussein, Asmaa A. Jawad, Tahseen A.Ibrahim, Nareen H.Obaeed
Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in industrial and biomedical fields, such as cosmetics, food additives and biosensors. One of the most important of these particles is magnesium oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles of magnesium oxideare diagnosed through several techniques, including the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and (XRD). Analyzing the structure of studied nano materials is useful to investigate their medical applications by influencing thyroid hormones such as thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)in rat. A total of 15 Sprague-Dawley adult female rats were split into three groups, each group injected daily intraperitoneally of MgONPs at one dose (80 mg/kg).In different periods (14 and 28 days), as follows; The first group: is the control group without injections. The second group: injected intraperitoneally with MgONPs (80 ppm) for 14 days. The third group: was injected intraperitoneally with MgO NPs (80 ppm) for 28 days. The findings of this study revealed a highly significant reduction(p < 0.01) in T3, T4 and Thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) levels increased high significantly (p < 0.01).
纳米粒子(NPs)用于工业和生物医学领域,如化妆品、食品添加剂和生物传感器。其中最重要的颗粒之一是氧化镁纳米颗粒。通过原子力显微镜(AFM)和x射线衍射(XRD)等多种技术对氧化镁纳米颗粒进行了诊断。分析纳米材料的结构有助于研究其对大鼠甲状腺素(T4)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)等甲状腺激素的影响。将15只成年雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为3组,每组每日腹腔注射1剂量MgONPs (80 mg/kg)。在不同时期(14天和28天),情况如下;第一组:不注射的对照组。第二组:腹腔注射MgONPs (80 ppm) 14天。第三组:腹腔注射MgO NPs (80 ppm) 28天。研究结果显示,大鼠T3、T4水平显著降低(p < 0.01), TSH水平显著升高(p < 0.01)。
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引用次数: 0
On 푚풳-b-Open Sets 在푚풳-b-Open Sets
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.07
Waqas B.Jubair, Haider J.Ali
In this paper, we shall use the m-structure topological spaces to introduce new concept, which is the 푚풳-ω-open set. Several facts, results and examples are given to illustrate our work.
本文将利用m结构拓扑空间引入一个新的概念,即푚풳-ω-开集。给出了几个事实、结果和例子来说明我们的工作。
{"title":"On 푚풳-b-Open Sets","authors":"Waqas B.Jubair, Haider J.Ali","doi":"10.22401/anjs.25.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/anjs.25.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we shall use the m-structure topological spaces to introduce new concept, which is the 푚풳-ω-open set. Several facts, results and examples are given to illustrate our work.","PeriodicalId":7494,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal of Science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77273559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fish Species Identification Techniques: A Review 鱼类种类鉴定技术综述
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.08
Israa M. Hassoon
Fish species identification process is still problematical and time consuming, so automated fish identification is important. The performance of various fish identification techniques is compared depending on pre-processing, number of significant characteristics and identification correctness. The reason for writing this review stems from the importance of fish for humans as food and as a wealth which support the economy of countries. Therefore, it is necessary to shed light on fish and how to distinguish the beneficial and harmful ones, discover and identify fish diseases, and so on, which contributes in building a knowledge base available to all. The aim of this paper is present a review on various fish species identification techniques; pre-processing operations, features extraction methods, recognition/classification techniques and databases. This review will be helpful for beginner researchers, it can be used as a starting point for new fish species identification approaches.
鱼类物种识别过程仍然存在问题和耗时,因此鱼类自动识别是重要的。根据预处理、显著特征数量和识别正确性对各种鱼类识别技术的性能进行了比较。写这篇评论的原因是鱼类作为食物和支持国家经济的财富对人类的重要性。因此,有必要阐明鱼类以及如何区分有益和有害的鱼类,发现和识别鱼类疾病等等,这有助于建立一个可供所有人使用的知识库。本文对各种鱼类鉴定技术进行了综述;预处理操作,特征提取方法,识别/分类技术和数据库。本文的综述将有助于初学者的研究,它可以作为新的鱼类鉴定方法的起点。
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引用次数: 1
Solving Schrodinger Equations Using Kashuri and Fundo Transform Decomposition Method 用Kashuri和Fundo变换分解法求解薛定谔方程
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.2.05
Huda J. Kadhum, Ali H. Al-Fayadh
This paper proposes a hybrid method that combines the Kashuri and Fundo integral transform and the Adomiande composition method to solve two types of Schrödinger equations. The exact solutions are successfully found, and the results are compared with those obtained by the existing methods. The obtained results show the accuracy and efficiency of the method.
本文提出了一种结合Kashuri和Fundo积分变换和Adomiande复合法求解两类Schrödinger方程的混合方法。成功地求出了精确解,并与现有方法的结果进行了比较。仿真结果表明了该方法的准确性和有效性。
{"title":"Solving Schrodinger Equations Using Kashuri and Fundo Transform Decomposition Method","authors":"Huda J. Kadhum, Ali H. Al-Fayadh","doi":"10.22401/anjs.25.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/anjs.25.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a hybrid method that combines the Kashuri and Fundo integral transform and the Adomiande composition method to solve two types of Schrödinger equations. The exact solutions are successfully found, and the results are compared with those obtained by the existing methods. The obtained results show the accuracy and efficiency of the method.","PeriodicalId":7494,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal of Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88781015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mixed Homotopy Integral Transform Method for Solving Non-Linear ntegro-Differential Equation 求解非线性积分微分方程的混合同伦积分变换方法
Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.22401/anjs.25.1.06
Mohanad F. Kadhem, Ali H. Alfayadh
In this paper, we have applied Sawi transform with homotopyperturbation method to obtain analytic approximation for non-linear integro-differential Equations. The proposed technique is compared with homotopy perturbation method and Abood transform homotopy perturbation method. The results show that Sawi transform homotopy perturbation is an efficient approach to solve non-linear integro-differential equations.
本文应用带同伦摄动的Sawi变换,得到非线性积分微分方程的解析近似。将该方法与同伦摄动法和Abood变换同伦摄动法进行了比较。结果表明,Sawi变换同伦摄动是求解非线性积分微分方程的一种有效方法。
{"title":"Mixed Homotopy Integral Transform Method for Solving Non-Linear ntegro-Differential Equation","authors":"Mohanad F. Kadhem, Ali H. Alfayadh","doi":"10.22401/anjs.25.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22401/anjs.25.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have applied Sawi transform with homotopyperturbation method to obtain analytic approximation for non-linear integro-differential Equations. The proposed technique is compared with homotopy perturbation method and Abood transform homotopy perturbation method. The results show that Sawi transform homotopy perturbation is an efficient approach to solve non-linear integro-differential equations.","PeriodicalId":7494,"journal":{"name":"Al-Nahrain Journal of Science","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84025283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Al-Nahrain Journal of Science
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