The specimens were collected from different region in Baghdad ⁄ Iraq, by using air net during April 2016. In this study, a morphological characters of Sympetrum fonscolombei (Selys, 1840) is include three region of body (head, thorax and abdomen); in addition, male and female genitalia. Such characters were supported by Figured
{"title":"External Morphological Study of the Sympetrum fonsco-lombei (Selys, 1840) (Odonata: Anisoptera: Libellulidae) in Baghdad","authors":"A. H. Al-Hashmi","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.494","url":null,"abstract":"The specimens were collected from different region in Baghdad ⁄ Iraq, by using air net during April 2016. In this study, a morphological characters of Sympetrum fonscolombei (Selys, 1840) is include three region of body (head, thorax and abdomen); in addition, male and female genitalia. Such characters were supported by Figured","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81185456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present study is to explore micronuclei recurrence, as a biomarker of genomic damage in buccal cells of individuals living in polluted areas located near to the cement factory in Kufa city. Twenty four apparently healthy males residing in Kufa are enrolled in the present study, their ages between 18-30 years, as control group 24 males with same age are enrolled liv-ing in the center of Najaf city a far from cement factory. A sample of the exposed and control groups of buccal mucosa cells was collected during Spring months in 2016. The mean count of cell with micronuclei in buccal cells of the exposed group and control were (22.33 ± 0.97; 11.583 ± 0.85) respectively, the mean count of the binucleated cells of the exposed and control groups were (7.208 ± 0.71, 10.041 ± 0.84) respectively, a significant difference was detected in the ob-served frequencies of micronuclei and binnucleated cells in the buccal mucosa cells between the exposed and control group. The results indicated that exposure to air pollutants related to cement production induce cytotoxic as well as genotoxic damage in buccal mucosa cells
{"title":"Micronucleus Frequency in Buccal Cells of Males Exposed to Air Pollution in Kufa City","authors":"F. Shafi","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.498","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is to explore micronuclei recurrence, as a biomarker of genomic damage in buccal cells of individuals living in polluted areas located near to the cement factory in Kufa city. Twenty four apparently healthy males residing in Kufa are enrolled in the present study, their ages between 18-30 years, as control group 24 males with same age are enrolled liv-ing in the center of Najaf city a far from cement factory. A sample of the exposed and control groups of buccal mucosa cells was collected during Spring months in 2016. The mean count of cell with micronuclei in buccal cells of the exposed group and control were (22.33 ± 0.97; 11.583 ± 0.85) respectively, the mean count of the binucleated cells of the exposed and control groups were (7.208 ± 0.71, 10.041 ± 0.84) respectively, a significant difference was detected in the ob-served frequencies of micronuclei and binnucleated cells in the buccal mucosa cells between the exposed and control group. The results indicated that exposure to air pollutants related to cement production induce cytotoxic as well as genotoxic damage in buccal mucosa cells","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79626945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol, AMP), is a well known a biologically active phenolic compo-nent and essential oil from Eugenia caryophyllata, which widely used of Eugenol as an antiseptic and analgesic in dental care, so it is active against oral bacteria associated with dental caries and periodontal disease as well as previous studies have shown the effect of Eugenol antifungal; anti-carcinogenic; anti-allergic; anti-mutagenic activity; antioxidant and insecticidal properties, there-fore it can be used in preparation of various food as a flavouring agent and cosmetic. This study aimed to synthesize derivative new medical material 2-(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenoxy) acetic acid (AMPAA) from eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) (AMP) and investigate the anti-microbial activities of both AMP and derivative component (AMPAA), The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC); minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and sensitivity against six pathogenic bacterial isolates: Streptococcus. pyogens; Enterococcus. faecalis; Escherichia. coli ; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Bacillus. subtilis and Proteus. mirabilis with study compare the efficien-cy for both AMP and AMPAA on the same bacterial isolate obtained from Iraqi hospitals. In this present study synthesize new medical material (AMPAA) from AMP by reacting sodium eugenate with sodium chloroacetic acid and prepare soluble water from eugenol and its derivative AMPAAto scanning the antimicrobial efficacy against some pathogenic bacteria isolatesby two common methods; well diffusion and broth dilution methods. Results of the present study show all bacterial isolates were sensitive to both AMP and AMPAA in low concentration except K. pneumoniae, also 10.0 and 5.0 μg/mL of AMP and AMPAA as MBC for bacterial isolates except K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis that’s meaning the new deriva-tive compound AMPAA has more efficacy on six bacterial isolate than eugenol (AMP). By using Well diffusion method all bacterial isolates were sensitive to both (AMP and AMPAA) in low concentration, but K. pneumoniae was killed in same concentration, so all isolates have been killed at concentrations between (10 - 50 μg/mL) of new derivative compound (AMPAA), at the same concentration of AMP were killed for K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis) ,as well as all isolates have varying degrees of sensitivity towards both (AMP and AMPAA), whereas all iso-lates where more sensitive to AMPAA than AMP. In conclusion, all bacterial isolate were sensitive to both AMP and AMPAA in low concentration except K. pneumoniae, also 10.0 and 5.0 μg/mL of AMP and AMPAA respectively conceder as MBC for bacterial isolate except K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis, that killed in these concentra-tion,so at the same concentration of AMP and AMPAA bacterial isolates were sensitivity by well diffusion method, whilst its killed by broth method, that’s consulate broth method was best than diffusion method
{"title":"A Comparison of efficiency of (AMP) and its derivative (AMPAA) against some pathogenic bacteria","authors":"S. S. Hussain","doi":"10.23851/mjs.v28i2.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v28i2.496","url":null,"abstract":"Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol, AMP), is a well known a biologically active phenolic compo-nent and essential oil from Eugenia caryophyllata, which widely used of Eugenol as an antiseptic and analgesic in dental care, so it is active against oral bacteria associated with dental caries and periodontal disease as well as previous studies have shown the effect of Eugenol antifungal; anti-carcinogenic; anti-allergic; anti-mutagenic activity; antioxidant and insecticidal properties, there-fore it can be used in preparation of various food as a flavouring agent and cosmetic. This study aimed to synthesize derivative new medical material 2-(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenoxy) acetic acid (AMPAA) from eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) (AMP) and investigate the anti-microbial activities of both AMP and derivative component (AMPAA), The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC); minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and sensitivity against six pathogenic bacterial isolates: Streptococcus. pyogens; Enterococcus. faecalis; Escherichia. coli ; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Bacillus. subtilis and Proteus. mirabilis with study compare the efficien-cy for both AMP and AMPAA on the same bacterial isolate obtained from Iraqi hospitals. In this present study synthesize new medical material (AMPAA) from AMP by reacting sodium eugenate with sodium chloroacetic acid and prepare soluble water from eugenol and its derivative AMPAAto scanning the antimicrobial efficacy against some pathogenic bacteria isolatesby two common methods; well diffusion and broth dilution methods. Results of the present study show all bacterial isolates were sensitive to both AMP and AMPAA in low concentration except K. pneumoniae, also 10.0 and 5.0 μg/mL of AMP and AMPAA as MBC for bacterial isolates except K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis that’s meaning the new deriva-tive compound AMPAA has more efficacy on six bacterial isolate than eugenol (AMP). By using Well diffusion method all bacterial isolates were sensitive to both (AMP and AMPAA) in low concentration, but K. pneumoniae was killed in same concentration, so all isolates have been killed at concentrations between (10 - 50 μg/mL) of new derivative compound (AMPAA), at the same concentration of AMP were killed for K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis) ,as well as all isolates have varying degrees of sensitivity towards both (AMP and AMPAA), whereas all iso-lates where more sensitive to AMPAA than AMP. In conclusion, all bacterial isolate were sensitive to both AMP and AMPAA in low concentration except K. pneumoniae, also 10.0 and 5.0 μg/mL of AMP and AMPAA respectively conceder as MBC for bacterial isolate except K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis, that killed in these concentra-tion,so at the same concentration of AMP and AMPAA bacterial isolates were sensitivity by well diffusion method, whilst its killed by broth method, that’s consulate broth method was best than diffusion method","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90868952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper introduces a promising hybrid lossless image compression method by combining the wavelet transform along with a hierarchal non-linear polynomial approximation model to com-press natural and medical images. The test results showed good performance in which the compression ratio is improved about three times or more on average in compered with the results of a non-linear coding system that does not adopt the techniques used in this research.
{"title":"Hybrid Lossless Image Compression Using Wavelet Trans-form and Hierarchical non Linear Prediction","authors":"Rana Talib Al-Timimi","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.510","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a promising hybrid lossless image compression method by combining the wavelet transform along with a hierarchal non-linear polynomial approximation model to com-press natural and medical images. The test results showed good performance in which the compression ratio is improved about three times or more on average in compered with the results of a non-linear coding system that does not adopt the techniques used in this research.","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74663022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current study, we have been derived some Basyian estimators for the parameter and relia-bility function of the inverse Rayleigh distribution under Generalized squared error loss function. In order to get the best understanding of the behavior of Bayesian analysis, we consider non-informative prior for the scale parameter using Jefferys prior Information as well as informative prior density represented by Gamma distribution. Monte-Carlo simulation have been employed to compare the behavior of different estimates for the scale parameter and reliability function of in-verse Rayleigh distribution based on mean squared errors and Integrated mean squared errors, respectively. In the current study, we observed that more occurrence of Bayesian estimate using Generalized squared error loss function using Gamma prior is better than other estimates for all cases
{"title":"Comparison of Bayes Estimators for Parameter and Relia-bility Function for Inverse Rayleigh Distribution by Using Generalized Square Error Loss Function","authors":"H. Rasheed","doi":"10.23851/mjs.v28i2.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v28i2.512","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, we have been derived some Basyian estimators for the parameter and relia-bility function of the inverse Rayleigh distribution under Generalized squared error loss function. In order to get the best understanding of the behavior of Bayesian analysis, we consider non-informative prior for the scale parameter using Jefferys prior Information as well as informative prior density represented by Gamma distribution. Monte-Carlo simulation have been employed to compare the behavior of different estimates for the scale parameter and reliability function of in-verse Rayleigh distribution based on mean squared errors and Integrated mean squared errors, respectively. In the current study, we observed that more occurrence of Bayesian estimate using Generalized squared error loss function using Gamma prior is better than other estimates for all cases","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84616070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A simple and novel method was developed by combination of dispersive liquid-liquid microex-traction with UV spectrophotometry for the preconcentartion and determination of trace amount of malathion. The presented method is based on using a small volume of ethylenechloride as the extraction solvent was dissolved in ethanol as the dispersive solvent, then the binary solution was rapidly injected by a syringe into the water sample containing malathion. The important parame-ters, such the type and volume of extraction solvent and disperser solvent, the effect of extraction time and rate, the effect of salt addition and reaction conditions were studied. At the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 2-100 ng mL-1 of malathion with a limit of detection of 0.8 ng L-1. In addition, the enrichment factor was 30. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of malathion pesticide in water samples
采用分散液液微萃取与紫外分光光度法相结合的方法，建立了一种简便的测定微量马拉硫磷的方法。该方法以小体积的氯乙烯为萃取溶剂，以乙醇为分散溶剂，用注射器快速注入含有马拉硫磷的水样中。考察了萃取溶剂和分散剂的种类和体积、萃取时间和萃取速率、加盐量和反应条件等重要参数的影响。在最佳条件下，马拉硫磷在2 ~ 100 ng mL-1范围内呈线性关系，检出限为0.8 ng L-1。富集因子为30。该方法成功地应用于水样中马拉硫磷农药的测定
{"title":"Development of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction method combined with UV spectrophotometry for the Determination of Malathion Pesticide","authors":"Wijdan Shakir Khayoon","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.505","url":null,"abstract":"A simple and novel method was developed by combination of dispersive liquid-liquid microex-traction with UV spectrophotometry for the preconcentartion and determination of trace amount of malathion. The presented method is based on using a small volume of ethylenechloride as the extraction solvent was dissolved in ethanol as the dispersive solvent, then the binary solution was rapidly injected by a syringe into the water sample containing malathion. The important parame-ters, such the type and volume of extraction solvent and disperser solvent, the effect of extraction time and rate, the effect of salt addition and reaction conditions were studied. At the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 2-100 ng mL-1 of malathion with a limit of detection of 0.8 ng L-1. In addition, the enrichment factor was 30. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of malathion pesticide in water samples","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80426374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are many attempts tried to improve the encoding stage of FIC because it consumed time. These attempts worked by reducing size of the search pool for pair range-domain matching but most of them led to get a bad quality, or a lower compression ratio of reconstructed image. This paper aims to present a method to improve performance of the full search algorithm by combining FIC (lossy compression) and another lossless technique (in this case entropy coding is used). The entropy technique will reduce size of the domain pool (i. e., number of domain blocks) based on the entropy value of each range block and domain block and then comparing the results of full search algorithm and proposed algorithm based on entropy technique to see each of which give best results (such as reduced the encoding time with acceptable values in both compression quali-ty parameters which are C. R (Compression Ratio) and PSNR (Image Quality). The experimental results of the proposed algorithm proven that using the proposed entropy technique reduces the encoding time while keeping compression rates and reconstruction image quality good as soon as possible.
{"title":"Fractal Image Compression Based on High Entropy Values Technique","authors":"Douaa Younis Abbaas","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.507","url":null,"abstract":"There are many attempts tried to improve the encoding stage of FIC because it consumed time. These attempts worked by reducing size of the search pool for pair range-domain matching but most of them led to get a bad quality, or a lower compression ratio of reconstructed image. This paper aims to present a method to improve performance of the full search algorithm by combining FIC (lossy compression) and another lossless technique (in this case entropy coding is used). The entropy technique will reduce size of the domain pool (i. e., number of domain blocks) based on the entropy value of each range block and domain block and then comparing the results of full search algorithm and proposed algorithm based on entropy technique to see each of which give best results (such as reduced the encoding time with acceptable values in both compression quali-ty parameters which are C. R (Compression Ratio) and PSNR (Image Quality). The experimental results of the proposed algorithm proven that using the proposed entropy technique reduces the encoding time while keeping compression rates and reconstruction image quality good as soon as possible.","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90063667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cloud Environment is next generation internet based computing system that supplies customiza-ble services to the end user to work or access to the various cloud applications. In order to provide security and decrease the damage of information system, network and computer system it is im-portant to provide intrusion detection system (IDS. Now Cloud environment are under threads from network intrusions, as one of most prevalent and offensive means Denial of Service (DoS) attacks that cause dangerous impact on cloud computing systems. This paper propose Hidden naive Bayes (HNB) Classifier to handle DoS attacks which is a data mining (DM) model used to relaxes the conditional independence assumption of Naive Bayes classifier (NB), proposed sys-tem used HNB Classifier supported with discretization and feature selection where select the best feature enhance the performance of the system and reduce consuming time. To evaluate the per-formance of proposal system, KDD 99 CUP and NSL KDD Datasets has been used. The experi-mental results show that the HNB classifier improves the performance of NIDS in terms of accu-racy and detecting DoS attacks, where the accuracy of detect DoS is 100% in three test KDD cup 99 dataset by used only 12 feature that selected by use gain ratio while in NSL KDD Dataset the accuracy of detect DoS attack is 90 % in three Experimental NSL KDD dataset by select 10 fea-ture only.
云环境是下一代基于互联网的计算系统，它为最终用户提供可定制的服务，以工作或访问各种云应用程序。为了保证信息系统、网络和计算机系统的安全，减少对系统的破坏，提供入侵检测系统是非常重要的。目前，云计算环境受到网络入侵的威胁，拒绝服务(DoS)攻击是最普遍和最具攻击性的攻击方式之一，对云计算系统造成了危险的影响。本文提出了隐式朴素贝叶斯(HNB)分类器来处理DoS攻击，该分类器是一种数据挖掘(DM)模型，用于放宽朴素贝叶斯分类器(NB)的条件独立性假设，提出系统使用支持离散化和特征选择的隐式朴素贝叶斯分类器，选择最佳特征来提高系统的性能并减少消耗时间。为了评估提案系统的性能，使用了KDD 99 CUP和NSL KDD数据集。实验结果表明，HNB分类器在准确率和检测DoS攻击方面提高了NIDS的性能，其中仅使用使用增益比选择的12个特征在3个测试KDD cup 99数据集中检测DoS的准确率为100%，而在NSL KDD数据集中仅选择10个特征在3个实验NSL KDD数据集中检测DoS攻击的准确率为90%。
{"title":"Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) in Cloud Environment based on Hidden Naïve Bayes Multiclass Classifier","authors":"Hafza A. Mahmood","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.508","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud Environment is next generation internet based computing system that supplies customiza-ble services to the end user to work or access to the various cloud applications. In order to provide security and decrease the damage of information system, network and computer system it is im-portant to provide intrusion detection system (IDS. Now Cloud environment are under threads from network intrusions, as one of most prevalent and offensive means Denial of Service (DoS) attacks that cause dangerous impact on cloud computing systems. This paper propose Hidden naive Bayes (HNB) Classifier to handle DoS attacks which is a data mining (DM) model used to relaxes the conditional independence assumption of Naive Bayes classifier (NB), proposed sys-tem used HNB Classifier supported with discretization and feature selection where select the best feature enhance the performance of the system and reduce consuming time. To evaluate the per-formance of proposal system, KDD 99 CUP and NSL KDD Datasets has been used. The experi-mental results show that the HNB classifier improves the performance of NIDS in terms of accu-racy and detecting DoS attacks, where the accuracy of detect DoS is 100% in three test KDD cup 99 dataset by used only 12 feature that selected by use gain ratio while in NSL KDD Dataset the accuracy of detect DoS attack is 90 % in three Experimental NSL KDD dataset by select 10 fea-ture only.","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88856317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A series of new 3-Acetyl N-Methyl-2-quinolones oxadiazoles derivatives were synthesized by reaction of 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one 3 with ethylbromoacetate to produce compounds 4. The hydrazinolysis of compound 4 with hydrazine hydrate afforded hydrazide compounds 5. New Schiff bases 6 were obtained by condensation of compound 5 with different aryl aldehydes. The last step involves refluxing compound 6 with acetic anhydrides to give the corresponding 3-acetyl-N-methylquinolin-2-one oxadiazoles 7. All the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among sixteen synthesized novel compounds, in which five compounds (7a, 7b, 7c, 7e, 7g) ex-hibited promising Antimicrobial activity as compared to Trimethoprim (100μg/ml).
{"title":"Synthesis of Novel 3-Acetyl N-methyl-2- Quinolone Derivatives with Expected Antimicrobial Activity","authors":"G. Salman","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.502","url":null,"abstract":"A series of new 3-Acetyl N-Methyl-2-quinolones oxadiazoles derivatives were synthesized by reaction of 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one 3 with ethylbromoacetate to produce compounds 4. The hydrazinolysis of compound 4 with hydrazine hydrate afforded hydrazide compounds 5. New Schiff bases 6 were obtained by condensation of compound 5 with different aryl aldehydes. The last step involves refluxing compound 6 with acetic anhydrides to give the corresponding 3-acetyl-N-methylquinolin-2-one oxadiazoles 7. All the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among sixteen synthesized novel compounds, in which five compounds (7a, 7b, 7c, 7e, 7g) ex-hibited promising Antimicrobial activity as compared to Trimethoprim (100μg/ml).","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82706526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nuclear structures of even-even isotopes Nd (A=148,150,152) are studied by using the first Interacting Boson Model (IBM-1). The energy levels of ground state, beta and gamma bands ,energy ratios are calculated. The results showed dynamical symmetry of these isotopes SU(3)- SU(6), SU(5)-SU(6).
{"title":"Study of Nuclear Structures for Nd 148,150,152 a Isotopes by Using IBM-1","authors":"S. Hummadi","doi":"10.23851/MJS.V28I2.518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23851/MJS.V28I2.518","url":null,"abstract":"The nuclear structures of even-even isotopes Nd (A=148,150,152) are studied by using the first \u0000Interacting Boson Model (IBM-1). The energy levels of ground state, beta and gamma bands \u0000,energy ratios are calculated. The results showed dynamical symmetry of these isotopes SU(3)- \u0000SU(6), SU(5)-SU(6).","PeriodicalId":7515,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91492568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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