Russian Journal of General Chemistry最新文献

Oxidation of complexes [(dpp-bian)M(THF)_n] (M = Mg, n = 3; M = Ca, n = 4) with 1 molar equivalent of iodine and then a treatment of the in situ formed dpp-bian radical-anionic species [(dpp-bian)MI(THF)_n] (M = Mg, Ca) with potassium isopropoxide afforded [(dpp-bian)Mg(OiPr)]₂ and [(dpp-bian)Ca(OiPr)(THF)][(dpp-BIAN)Ca(OiPr)], which were isolated as deep red crystals and characterized by spectroscopic methods. Molecular structures of the prepared complexes were determined by the single crystal X-ray analysis. Polymerization of lactide in the presence of complexes was carried out in toluene under argon at 90°C for 2 h. In all the cases the conversion of monomer reached >90%, the polydispersity indexes are relatively low and fall into narrow range, 1.50–1.72.

The manuscript discusses non-standard scientific and technological solutions for environmental monitoring, neutralization and subsequent deep processing of industrial and municipal waste. The manuscript is divided into three major sections devoted to monitoring, detoxification and processing of environmental pollutants. The following non-standard technological solutions for environmental monitoring are considered: Laser express chemical analysis; Laser remote sensing; Chemoresistive gas sensors for monitoring atmospheric conditions; Multi-beam optical analyzer for detection of microorganisms and organic pollutants. For neutralization of environmental pollutants, the following are considered: Modern catalysts for air purification from nitrogen and sulfur oxides; Adsorbents for carbon dioxide absorption; Advanced oxidation processes for purification of airport stormwater runoff; Advanced low-temperature plasma technologies; Catalysts for combustion of sewage sludge from municipal treatment facilities; Modern composite multifunctional polymer materials. Among technological solutions for deep processing of industrial and municipal waste, the following are considered: Nickel pincer complexes as electrocatalysts for molecular hydrogen evolution; Hydrogen sulfide-methane reforming for molecular hydrogen production; Technology of catalytic conversion of lignin-containing waste into adsorbents and fuel; New bacterial consortia for sewage sludge processing.

The recent analysis of the relative stability of potentially aromatic push-pull and captodative tropylium and cyclopentadienyl derivatives was extended to the doubly charged systems, such as cyclobutadiene dications or dianions. In most cases, the propensity to various transformations upon geometry optimization allowing to exclude the destabilizing effect of charge separation prevails over the aromaticity imparted by the doubly charged fragments, which is affected by the medium (gas or solution). Only four molecules with charge separation could be stabilized in polar media, but according to structural (bond equalization), electronic (number of π-electrons), and magnetic (GIAO or GIMIC) criteria none of them is aromatic in nature.

Hybrid chalcones containing 1-hydroxyimidazole and chromene moieties were synthesized from 5-acetyl-1-hydroxyimidazoles and 3-formylchromenes. Application of DBU as a catalyst led to the mixtures of the target chalсones and intermediate aldols. Further interaction of the mixtures with 40% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide in ethanol resulted in pure chalсones, isolated as trans-isomers. According to X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis, (E)-3-{3-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxy-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl}-6-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one exists as an N-hydroxyimidazole tautomer. Its planar structure is stabilized by the intramolecular hydrogen bond between the N-hydroxy group of the imidazole and the adjacent carbonyl group. The (E)-3-{3-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxy-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl]-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl}-6-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one molecules in crystal were head-to-tail packed.

A stepwise synthesis of 2-(phenoxymethyl)oxirane derivatives was carried out by reacting this epoxide with various amines, phenols, and alcohols. β-Amino alcohols, 1,4-dioxane derivatives, and heterocyclic compounds containing isoxazole, pyrazole, and oxazolidine fragments were obtained. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopy (¹H, ¹³C) and elemental analysis. The regioselectivity and chemoselectivity of epoxide ring opening and the cyclization features of the amine derivatives were studied.

In this work, hybrid membranes from reduced graphene oxide/graphene oxide (rGO/GO) have been prepared. The membrane material was characterized by thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA), X-Ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The effect of the membrane thickness on their flux for organic substances has been analyzed. The increased selectivity of the rGO/GO membrane to 2-propanol–1-butanol pair was found that exceeds the known literature data on GO-based membranes, which opens up the possibility to isolate 1-butanol from the isopropanol–butanol–ethanol (IBE) fermentation broth. It is found that hybrid rGO/GO membranes retain methylene blue and separate a mixture of methylene blue–methyl orange more efficiently than pure GO membranes. The hybrid rGO/GO membrane rejects 85.6% of methylene blue (MB) and passes 100% of methyl orange (MO) from their 1 : 1 mixture, that makes possible separation of these two dyes from each other. The results of this work can be used in organic solvent nanofiltration processes.

The enormous increase in population and urban development spurred industrial progress all across the world, especially in the textile industries. The textile sector which is direct contributor to GDP growth of third world countries run by consuming huge number of dyes along with surplus water, from which more than 10% of dyes poured into nearby water bodies which are harmful for living creatures. Among all available routes for wastewater treatment, photocatalytic degradation of dyes using heterogeneous photocatalyst (AOP) has an edge due to low cost, non-toxicity, simple separation, reusability, and stability. Recently, biosynthesized CuO nanoparticles are becoming immensely popular due to its versatile applications, among which wastewater remediation considered as most suitable. In green synthesis of CuO, only plant mediated biosynthesis was considered due to the limitations of other green methods of synthesis. This review covers biosynthesis of CuO from different plant parts, mechanism of biosynthesis and effect of different parameters on biosynthesis. The review explores CuO nanoparticle photocatalytic application against different dyes, finding optimized degradation condition, mechanistic route for degradation and cost analysis for industrial large-scale production. The outcome of this study could facilitate significant development for academic as well as industrial community engaged in water remediation.

A series of macrocyclic ligands featuring pyridyl functionalization and a disulfide linkage, along with their corresponding ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) complexes, were synthesized and characterized. The monodentate complexes were investigated in both the ‘open’ and ‘closed’ forms. These studies on electron/energy transfer through disulfide linkages provide critical insights for designing future multifunctional metal complexes with enhanced metal-metal interactions.

In this study, using the plant-derived active compound vanillic acid as the lead structure, a series of novel vanillic acid derivatives containing an 1,2,4-triazole thioether moiety were synthesized and characterized their structures by ¹H, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS methods. Then, the in vitro antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of these compounds were evaluated. Bioassay results revealed that the target compounds revealed certain in vitro antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Among them, compound 3-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(benzylthio)-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole exhibited in vitro DPPH scavenging activity at 40 μg/mL and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity at 200 μg/mL, with inhibition rates of 23.4% and 39.4%, respectively, which were even better than those of vanillic acid but lower than those of vitamin C and acarbose. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of this series of novel vanillic acid derivatives containing an 1,2,4-triazole thioether moiety.

Azo compounds were prepared in several steps, with two types, one of which was the basic material, paracetamol. The second was the basic material 2-thiol-benzimidazole via four steps. Then the azo compounds were converted to the corresponding esters by reacting them with carboxylic acid chloride in dry pyridine and DMF to obtain six esters, three for each azo compound. They were identified using physical measurements, spectral analysis of FT-IR and NMR, and analysis of the elements (CHNS). Their biological activity was studied against four types of bacteria to give varying activity depending on the substitutes and the molecule's structure. The study also included theoretical studies to predict the pharmacological and biological capacity of the compounds. By using the Pro.Tox 3.0 online prediction of toxicity of chemicals. Organ toxicity and endpoint toxicity of synthesis compounds against humans were predicted. The prepared compounds were of the V category, which is harmless to humans, and the dose LD50 was 5000 mg/kg. Also, the Kinome Tree Screen was predicted, which theoretically clarified the extent of the effect of the prepared compounds on the human genome, and the effect was very small. Characteristics were also calculated for ADME prediction properties. Molecular modelling was done with two types of target proteins: 2DLN and RNA-binding 6IFL. The results of the docking score ranged from moderate to good.