Ukrainskii biokhimicheskii zhurnal (1978)最新文献

It was studied the relation between activities of ferments an antioxidant system: of superoxide dismutase, catalase and GSH-peroxidase in the homogenates of livers, lungs and cerebrum of intact rats. When activities were brought to identical units of measurement, it was determined that relation of activities can see with a point to view of chemical kinetics laws for consecutively-parallel reactions. It is followed from the result that the activity of catalase livers can be explained by the participation of catalases in other reactions, which were connected with forming a hydrogen peroxide. From the relations between ferments of antioxidant system it was discovered that GSH-peroxidase is the most important antioxidant enzyme for the cerebrum. Data of the relation of activities ferments of antioxidant system are stipulated by the tissues particularities and they are reflected a contribution of every biocatalyst in that system.

The effect of acute hypoxic hypobaric hypoxia on the content of reduced glutathione and the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione S-transferase, as well as 5'-nucleotidase in homogenates of juvenile male rats under conditions of varying photoperiodic duration: natural conditions of illumination, continuous illumination and continuous darkness were studied. Photoperiodic changes were revealed in the glutathione system of the control animals: the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reduces under constant light, while the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase increases under conditions of constant darkness. The greatest inhibitory effect on the state of the glutathione system is brought about by constant light in case of acute hypoxia: the content of reduced glutathione decreases along with a sharp drop of the activity of glutathione S-transferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, observed against the background of decreased glutathione reductase activity. Permanent dark conditions eliminate partially or completely the negative effect of acute hypoxia on the glutathione system of the brain. The obtained results are indicator of a possibility of protecting role of melatonin in case of acute hypoxia.

The contents of primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation in rat liver mitochondria through 1, 7 and 15 days after gamma-irradiation in a dose 0.5 Gy on a background of consumption of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and nitrosodiethylamine was investigated. Is was shown, that gamma-irradiation on a background of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and nitrosodiethylamine modified effects of nitrocompounds on speed of lipid peroxidation. Besides, combine action of sodium nitrate and gamma-irradiation has more effect in comparison with influencing of separate factors. The observed changes in quantity of lipid peroxidation products are rather stable and are kept during all terms of supervision.

90 min hypoxia (50% initial saturation) does not change the level of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in liver and brain of the red mullet. It is shown, that existence of the sea scorpion in environmental with low oxygen concentration (15% initial saturation) results in the increasing in this enzyme activity for 68% (p < 0.05). The rise of h values for NADP in 1.2-1.4 times and substrate-binding ability in 1.5-3 times are found for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from sea scorpion liver under hypoxia.

The purpose of this research was to study the humoral link of autoimmune response to the brain antigen i.e. neurospecific enolase (NSE) in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident aftereffects diagnosed as having "postradiation encephalopathy" (PREP). Determined in the PREP patients' serum were: NSE content, level of autoantibodies to NSE, concentration and size of the immune complexes (IC) as well as NSE content in the IC. The majority of PREP patients revealed high serum level of NSE and high level of autoantibodies to NSE. Concentration of small and middle-size IC was 2-3 times higher than normal. So the presence of circulating NSE and autoantibodies thereto in the liquidators' blood serum evidences of an organic lesion of the brain neurons, this causing the development of neurological syndromes. It is likely that at certain stages of the PREP pathogenesis there appear autoimmune responses to neuroantigens which prove the destructive effects of radiation on the CNS. Probably, in patients with PREP 2-3 degrees the autoimmune processes become chronic due to pathogenic action of free autoantibodies to NSE and of small NSE-anti-NSE complexes which are known to be the most pathogenic and capable of being fixed on complementary brain structures promoting their damage.

There has been carried out an investigation dealing with catecholamines metabolism in the patients suffering from alcoholism in the first, second and third stage at the short-term remission. The first developed alcoholism stage was determined as a typical one for increasing the excretion with urine of DOPA, dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (A), as well as the blood levels of DA, NA and A. DA/NA rate evidences about an increased synthesis of NA with DA. The marked second alcoholism stage is characterized by an acute decrease of excreting with urine and blood levels of NA. Alongside with the latter. DA excretion with urine and its blood levels remained high. DA/NA rate indicates to the considerably low relative activity of NA with DA synthesis, both in relation to the control and to the developed first alcoholism stage. In the third alcoholism stage NA excretion with urine and its blood levels become lower relatively to the marked second stage. Simultaneously DA excretion with urine and its blood levels are lower than in the developed second stage, hower exceed the control values. DA/NA rate testifies the slight activation of NA and DA synthesis. The results obtained in the work indicate to the significant role of CA metabolism disturbances in the alcoholic dependence formation.

A new method of determination of the equilibrium constant for a ligand binding to acceptor and evaluation of the number of binding sites on the acceptor molecules (or cells) is suggested. The method is simpler, more convenient, and more precise than Klotz's or Scatchard's method.

The article analyses critically the date from literature as well as own date concerning appropriateness and mechanisms of antiradiation, capillary strengthening and antistress effect of plant phenolic compounds. Knowledge on antioxidant effect as the most fundamental mechanism being in the basic of the above mentioned biologic effects of plant phenolic compounds is grounded.

It was established, that the content of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides and the binding of NAD by isolated brain cortex synaptic membranes under experimental parkinsonism are impaired. Treatment of the experimental results in the Scatchard plots for binding of [U-14C]NAD to the brain cortex synaptic membranes demonstrated that binding capacities lowered, without changes of affinities. NAD-glycohydrolase involved in development of this pathology. The modulative effect of in vivo administered NAm and nicotinoyl-GABA supposes that NAm acts via NAD which binds specifically with synaptic membranes. Thus, NAm and nicotinoyl-GABA are involved in the regulation of the processes in the brain under experimental parkinsonism.

We have convey comparative study of including intensity of marking protein predecessors and nucleic acids by initial strains of Staphylococcus aureus sensitive to antibiotics and strains, which contain plasmids of resistance to different antibiotics. Shown including intensity increase of adenine, uridine, thymidine and marked amino acids by strains which contain plasmids of resistance to different antibiotics to compare with unplasmids variant. On the base of receiving results we may affirm that in general we observe intensification of protein synthesis and separate staves nucleic acid synthesis by observing staunch strains.