Ukrainskii biokhimicheskii zhurnal (1978)最新文献

The erythrocyte ghosts fatty acid composition of 29 patients with essential hypertension of the II stage were investigated. The significant decrease of some saturated fatty acids as myristic, palmitic and stearic under hypertension was established. Simultaneously the percent of omega-6 arachidonic and docosatrienoic acids substantially increased. At the same time no changes in omega-3 fatty acids were observed. The possible relationship between hypercholesterolemia and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile under essential hypertension discussed.

Data on study of action plasma inhibitors on activity of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin) and plant proteinases (papain, bromelain), included in composition of enzyme mixes, used for orally application are submitted. It is established, that serine proteases are more sensitive to inactivation of plasma inhibitors, than cysteine enzymes. Main inhibitor of the papain and bromelain is alpha-2-macroglobulin in complex with which they preserve significant part of initial activity. A high-sensitivity method of determination of activity enzyme combinations, enabling to detect nanograms of them in presence of plasma inhibitors is offered. It can be used for study pharmacokinetic and optimization of enzyme mixes application in clinical practice.

It was learned the regulation of xanthine oxidase activity from rat liver in the partly purified prepared by ascorbic acid, glutathione-SH, dithiothreitol, cysteine++ and hydrocortisone++. It was shown that ascorbic acid glutathione-SH, dithiothreitol, and cysteine++ can be activators and uncompetitor inhibitors of xanthine oxidase in dependence from concentration. As far as hydrocortisone is concerned, it is a powerful uncompetitor inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, that is bind with it. It was considered the mechanism of activation and inhibition of xanthine oxidase by these reductors-antioxidants.

The breach of kidney's functional state and also the possibility of their selenite correction were researched after aluminium and cadmium intoxication. Aluminium chloride intensifies acid-secrete function of kidney. Cadmium chloride and its combination with aluminium chloride change the transport of sodium. Sodium selenite has aptitude for correction of the functional renal state in the case of aluminium and cadmium joint intoxication.

The review is devoted to the problem of metal-binding proteins (metallothioneins) in plant objects. The chronology of studies, dealt with search of metallothionein-like proteins in plant tissues is described. Data about the structure and function of metallothioneins, the features of metallothioneins-like gene expression in plants is shown. The role of metallothioneins as stress proteins, which are involved in formation of plant reaction on the influence of different stress factors, is discussed.

The sensitive method for peroxidative assays of hydrogen peroxide (up to 5 nmole in 1 ml) and oxidases' substrates (glucose, ethanol) has been developed by use of a non-cancerogenic chromogen--3,3', 5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), horseradish peroxidase and corresponding oxidases. The proposed modification of the known method consists in using decreased concentration of TMB (0.05-0.1 mM) and stopping the reaction by adding of acid to pH 1.4-2.1. This approach allowed to enhance the sensitivity of assays of corresponding analytes (7-10 times) and decrease the costs of analysis.

Cysteine cathepsin L was isolated and purified 1242-fold from human brain. Cathepsin L pH-optimum, Vmax, K(m), lysosomal origin and thiol nature were determined. The distribution of cathepsin L activity in human brain tumours of different histological structure, histogenesis and degree of malignization was studied. The activity of cathepsin L in most the tumours was found to be higher compared to the normal brain tissue.

Results of investigation of haemostasis state of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients, which is complicated in diabetes foot of different gravity are considered. It is determined that by this pathology a peculiar DVS-syndrome is developed. By this syndrome the known anticoagulative action of hgeparin is not reached.

Unilateral ganglionsympathetectomy-removal of right upper cervical sympathetic ganglia and its combination with acute acoustic stress results in intensification of process of free radical oxidation of lipids and balance disturbance between components of antioxidative and pro-oxidative system of blood. Changes of composition and activity Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase, catalase activity and contents of catalase, ceruloplasmin, transferrin and metalloproteins pro-oxidative action such as (cytochromes b558(I), b558(II), b558(III), b558(IV)) as well as O2-producing lipoprotein suprol and cytochromes b5 are evidence of compensating-adoptive function disturbances with according changes in blood, relatively to adaptive-trophic function of sympathetic system, its regulative role, in system of tissue metabolic conversion, which is directed, in particular, on compensation of anti-radical protection of cells.

The age dynamics of activities of enzymes which catalysis several stages of metabolism (hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase) and antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) was studied in the bone marrow erythroid cells of pig during the 10-day period after birth as well as in the cells of 30 days old animals. It was established that in the neonatal period of development the reorganization of energy metabolism in pig bone marrow erythrokaryocytes took place. It consisted in the intensification of oxidative processes and in a great measure was directed on the activation of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase formation in the nature red cells. During the early period after birth the activation of antioxidant system in erythroid cells of pig bone marrow was observed.