Pub Date : 2016-08-18DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I7.941.G1176
Elvana Zaimi-Tufa
The repertoire of the translated texts in our literary system is an implicit fact that has grown constantly into a doubtless question, by surpassing a couple of times the volume of original literature written in Albanian language. Nonetheless, there hasn't been any alike line up or distinctive separation of translations, even when, after the '90s was widely admitted the existence of traditions, literary movements and schools in the Albanian literature of tradition. On the other hand, there have been isolated cases when, justly, scholars have spoken about a Nolian school of translation or other schools of translation as well. What we are aiming here, is something else, concerning the translation and translation traditions/schools in the Albanian literature. At the moment similar hypothesis or issues are submitted or propound, (what is really normal and spontaneous), no matter the set aside of arguments, the Gheg school of translation shines bright in its silence and going completely un-mentioned. While the critic and literary studies speak in scientific conferences and meetings about literary schools - referring the original (process of) writing - they have excluded the role and position of translation in the literary polysystem. And this paper aims exactly to explain and straighten out the undefined position of the translations in the literary polysystem of the Albanian literature. Keywords: Translation, literary school, translation school, gheg dialect, polysystem.
{"title":"Translation’s Undetermined Position in the Albanian Language Literary System","authors":"Elvana Zaimi-Tufa","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I7.941.G1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I7.941.G1176","url":null,"abstract":"The repertoire of the translated texts in our literary system is an implicit fact that has grown constantly into a doubtless question, by surpassing a couple of times the volume of original literature written in Albanian language. Nonetheless, there hasn't been any alike line up or distinctive separation of translations, even when, after the '90s was widely admitted the existence of traditions, literary movements and schools in the Albanian literature of tradition. On the other hand, there have been isolated cases when, justly, scholars have spoken about a Nolian school of translation or other schools of translation as well. What we are aiming here, is something else, concerning the translation and translation traditions/schools in the Albanian literature. At the moment similar hypothesis or issues are submitted or propound, (what is really normal and spontaneous), no matter the set aside of arguments, the Gheg school of translation shines bright in its silence and going completely un-mentioned. While the critic and literary studies speak in scientific conferences and meetings about literary schools - referring the original (process of) writing - they have excluded the role and position of translation in the literary polysystem. And this paper aims exactly to explain and straighten out the undefined position of the translations in the literary polysystem of the Albanian literature. Keywords: Translation, literary school, translation school, gheg dialect, polysystem.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"54-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77879852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Questions or interrogatives are the second most commonly used class of sentences, besides declarative ones. The classification of questions is not only one of the most treated topics in linguistics, but also the one that encounters many problems. In Albanian linguistics, there are classifications of questions, but there are also problems related to the terms used in describing these classes and subclasses and the grouping of interrogatives in each class. One of the two main classes of questions/interrogatives is alternative questions. This paper aims at making a clarification and classification of alternative questions and alternative interrogatives based on the semantics and syntax of the Albanian language. Furthermore, it is to be claimed that there are two sub-types of alternative questions/interrogatives, i.e. polar alternative questions and disjunctive alternative questions. Keywords: interrogatives/alternative questions in Albanian language, Polar alternative questions, interrogative particle ‘a’,word order, intonation, The disjunction “apo”, etc.
{"title":"Alternative Questions/Interrogatives in Albanian Language","authors":"Resul Telhaj","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i7.907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i7.907","url":null,"abstract":"Questions or interrogatives are the second most commonly used class of sentences, besides declarative ones. The classification of questions is not only one of the most treated topics in linguistics, but also the one that encounters many problems. In Albanian linguistics, there are classifications of questions, but there are also problems related to the terms used in describing these classes and subclasses and the grouping of interrogatives in each class. One of the two main classes of questions/interrogatives is alternative questions. This paper aims at making a clarification and classification of alternative questions and alternative interrogatives based on the semantics and syntax of the Albanian language. Furthermore, it is to be claimed that there are two sub-types of alternative questions/interrogatives, i.e. polar alternative questions and disjunctive alternative questions. Keywords: interrogatives/alternative questions in Albanian language, Polar alternative questions, interrogative particle ‘a’,word order, intonation, The disjunction “apo”, etc.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"141 1","pages":"8-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86252897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-28DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i6.1065.g1297
Ilva Isa
Income in developing countries represents a vital factor in the wellbeing of inhabitants and the whole society. The consumer behavior changes in linearity with the change, meaning so increase and decrease, of the tax rate. Albania, as a post-dictatorial country and yet a transitional economy with a very fragile economy, has been having a very unstable tax policy. The change of taxes had an impact on the development of the economy, so periods of time with low or flat taxes are accompanied with higher incomes and a higher rate of GDP. Constructive state policy in the field of consumption plays an important role in sustainable social and economic development of the economy. The state regulates the consumption process by means of fiscal policy, building the socially oriented budget of the country, creating a fair taxation system for the population that stimulates domestic demand and economic activity. The aim of this article is to verify if the income after taxes influences in the consumer behavior. If there happens to be found a linear correlation between the income and consumer behavior and we know that higher tax rate means a smaller amount of net income what is the correlation between taxes and consumer behavior ? In this continuity of the article the major tasks are: analysis of income level to the type of consumer behavior and social group of the consumers; analysis of the influence of Albanian taxation system on the possibilities of increasing the domestic demand of different population groups; defining the measures intended for increase and growth of domestic demand. Keywords: taxation system, income level, consumer behavior.
{"title":"The Impact of Increase of Taxation in Behavior of Consumers in Developing Countries, Case of Albania","authors":"Ilva Isa","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i6.1065.g1297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i6.1065.g1297","url":null,"abstract":"Income in developing countries represents a vital factor in the wellbeing of inhabitants and the whole society. The consumer behavior changes in linearity with the change, meaning so increase and decrease, of the tax rate. Albania, as a post-dictatorial country and yet a transitional economy with a very fragile economy, has been having a very unstable tax policy. The change of taxes had an impact on the development of the economy, so periods of time with low or flat taxes are accompanied with higher incomes and a higher rate of GDP. Constructive state policy in the field of consumption plays an important role in sustainable social and economic development of the economy. The state regulates the consumption process by means of fiscal policy, building the socially oriented budget of the country, creating a fair taxation system for the population that stimulates domestic demand and economic activity. The aim of this article is to verify if the income after taxes influences in the consumer behavior. If there happens to be found a linear correlation between the income and consumer behavior and we know that higher tax rate means a smaller amount of net income what is the correlation between taxes and consumer behavior ? In this continuity of the article the major tasks are: analysis of income level to the type of consumer behavior and social group of the consumers; analysis of the influence of Albanian taxation system on the possibilities of increasing the domestic demand of different population groups; defining the measures intended for increase and growth of domestic demand. Keywords: taxation system, income level, consumer behavior.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"84 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90989272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the use of Arthrocentesis as a medical therapy in patients with TMJ dysfunction. Material and Method: There are studied the clinical signs in 10 patients with the TMJ disfunction, before and after treatment with Arthrocentesis. The patients before Arthrocentesis had pain in TMJ region, click and difficulties in mouth opening. To evaluate the pain is used Visual Analog Scale. The patients are treated and followed up in Maxilo Facial Service, French Hospital “Claude Bernard”, University Hospital Center, Tirana. Results: Through the lavage of the intra articular space, it is seen the improvement in mouth opening till 35 mm, and the pain in TMJ was reduced. Conclusions: The use of Arthrocentesis was shown to be effective in reducing pain and improving the mouth opening in patients with TMJ disfunction, so we suggest the use of it in these series of patients. Keywords: Arthrocentesis, Temporomandibular joint dysfunction, TMJ.
{"title":"The Use of Arthrocentesis in Patients with TMJ Dysfunction","authors":"Jakup Vrioni, R. Isufi, R. Isufi, F. Azizi","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I7.915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I7.915","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the use of Arthrocentesis as a medical therapy in patients with TMJ dysfunction. Material and Method: There are studied the clinical signs in 10 patients with the TMJ disfunction, before and after treatment with Arthrocentesis. The patients before Arthrocentesis had pain in TMJ region, click and difficulties in mouth opening. To evaluate the pain is used Visual Analog Scale. The patients are treated and followed up in Maxilo Facial Service, French Hospital “Claude Bernard”, University Hospital Center, Tirana. Results: Through the lavage of the intra articular space, it is seen the improvement in mouth opening till 35 mm, and the pain in TMJ was reduced. Conclusions: The use of Arthrocentesis was shown to be effective in reducing pain and improving the mouth opening in patients with TMJ disfunction, so we suggest the use of it in these series of patients. Keywords: Arthrocentesis, Temporomandibular joint dysfunction, TMJ.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"58-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88286324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As per complex creative processes and pre-textual literary references, Xoxa’s works are based on myths, folklore and the collective conscience of the people through the centuries. According to Levi-Strauss, the myth, differently from other linguistic phenomena, belongs to both the Ferdinand de Saussure categories of language - langue and parole; thus, it is both a historic portrayal of the past, being diachronic and irreversible in time, and it is also a tool for explaining the present and the future, being synchronic and reversible in time, evocative of past memories; this helps illustrate the relation between the two dimensions: the diachronic and the synchronic. Referring to the symbolism hidden in the “Dead River/Lumi i vdekur”, which appears as a legend pointing to the animism of nature, we can perceive authentic relations of language and style by combining the portraying of life as a philosophy of the eternal relationship between nature and human beings. In addition, by following the line of argument that in the same way as God loves human beings he also takes revenge on them, we see the same thing happening by way of analogy between man and animals, theirs being an invisible connection for better or for worse.
{"title":"Anthropological References to Honour, Hospitality, and Besa (Word of Honour) in the novel ‘Dead River’ by Jakov Xoxa","authors":"Ana Shahini","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I7.911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I7.911","url":null,"abstract":"As per complex creative processes and pre-textual literary references, Xoxa’s works are based on myths, folklore and the collective conscience of the people through the centuries. According to Levi-Strauss, the myth, differently from other linguistic phenomena, belongs to both the Ferdinand de Saussure categories of language - langue and parole; thus, it is both a historic portrayal of the past, being diachronic and irreversible in time, and it is also a tool for explaining the present and the future, being synchronic and reversible in time, evocative of past memories; this helps illustrate the relation between the two dimensions: the diachronic and the synchronic. Referring to the symbolism hidden in the “Dead River/Lumi i vdekur”, which appears as a legend pointing to the animism of nature, we can perceive authentic relations of language and style by combining the portraying of life as a philosophy of the eternal relationship between nature and human beings. In addition, by following the line of argument that in the same way as God loves human beings he also takes revenge on them, we see the same thing happening by way of analogy between man and animals, theirs being an invisible connection for better or for worse.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":"46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78825069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-09DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i7.935.g1164
Klajdi Nallbani, L. Turmalaj, B. Bizhga
This study has the aim to measure some metabolic and hematologic indicators in cows with pathologies of post partum (endometritis and metritis). In post partum cows happens a various number of changes in their internal indicators (metabolic changes). These changes are more emphasized when process of post partum in compromised with pathology like endometritis and metritis. Farms with dairy cattle have a higher tendency to be affected by these pathologies. For this reason the farm we took in study is dairy farm for milk production and we focused in hemato-biochemical changes. To our cows in study we got whole-blood samples from jugular vein according to the standard procedures and the examination test were performed in GAMMA Laboratory (Chemical-clinical, microbiological and hormonal laboratory) in Tirana. For biochemical indicators were analyzed glucose level, total Bilirubin, Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium. While for hematological indicators were evaluated, WBC, RDW, LY, etc. From the data obtained it results that and biochemical indicators as well as hematological have visible changes in cows with port partum pathologies.
{"title":"Dynamic Changes of Blood-Metabolic in the Cows with Post Partum Pathology","authors":"Klajdi Nallbani, L. Turmalaj, B. Bizhga","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i7.935.g1164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i7.935.g1164","url":null,"abstract":"This study has the aim to measure some metabolic and hematologic indicators in cows with pathologies of post partum (endometritis and metritis). In post partum cows happens a various number of changes in their internal indicators (metabolic changes). These changes are more emphasized when process of post partum in compromised with pathology like endometritis and metritis. Farms with dairy cattle have a higher tendency to be affected by these pathologies. For this reason the farm we took in study is dairy farm for milk production and we focused in hemato-biochemical changes. To our cows in study we got whole-blood samples from jugular vein according to the standard procedures and the examination test were performed in GAMMA Laboratory (Chemical-clinical, microbiological and hormonal laboratory) in Tirana. For biochemical indicators were analyzed glucose level, total Bilirubin, Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium. While for hematological indicators were evaluated, WBC, RDW, LY, etc. From the data obtained it results that and biochemical indicators as well as hematological have visible changes in cows with port partum pathologies.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"36-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87012727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-02DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i6.1068.g1300
Ounissa Chioukh Ait Benali, B. Riche
This article seeks to explore the way James Baldwin uses Platonic love and Brechtian techniques in his two plays The Amen Corner (1968a) first performed in1955 and Blues for Mister Charlie (1964a) to express his personal and racial concerns. It aims at demonstrating that Baldwin’s plays belong to the Western epic theatre at the level of form and are platonic at the level of content in their conception of love. The Amen Corner recalls in many aspects Plato’s dialogue Symposium (2008) in which the participants provide their definition of love trying to displace, provoke and collectively search for truth in a process of a dialogic interaction. His play Blues for Mister Charlie is not only a black church ritual but it is written according to the Western epic theatrical tradition as designed by Bertolt Brecht. Keywords : James Baldwin, Religious / Platonic love, Epic / Brechtian Techniques, African American theatre.
{"title":"Platonic Love and Brechtian Techniques in James Baldwin’s ‘The Amen Corner’ and ‘Blues for Mister Charlie’","authors":"Ounissa Chioukh Ait Benali, B. Riche","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i6.1068.g1300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i6.1068.g1300","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to explore the way James Baldwin uses Platonic love and Brechtian techniques in his two plays The Amen Corner (1968a) first performed in1955 and Blues for Mister Charlie (1964a) to express his personal and racial concerns. It aims at demonstrating that Baldwin’s plays belong to the Western epic theatre at the level of form and are platonic at the level of content in their conception of love. The Amen Corner recalls in many aspects Plato’s dialogue Symposium (2008) in which the participants provide their definition of love trying to displace, provoke and collectively search for truth in a process of a dialogic interaction. His play Blues for Mister Charlie is not only a black church ritual but it is written according to the Western epic theatrical tradition as designed by Bertolt Brecht. Keywords : James Baldwin, Religious / Platonic love, Epic / Brechtian Techniques, African American theatre.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79065786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1090.G1321
Fatemeh Rokhshad, S. Ranjbar
The current study attempts to determine the effect of translating Persian stories on Iranian intermediate EFL Learners’ speaking ability.To achieve this, sixty intermediate Iranian EFL learners were selected through a cluster random sampling procedure. Because of the institute’s policy and regular teaching program, it was not possible to assign all of the participants into the two groups randomly, and thus the students were required to remain intact in their regular classes during the intervention time slots. They formed two groups, namely Control and Experimental groups. Before the study, the participants of both group had a pre-test of speaking. Then the Participants in the control group were treated with the existing method of teaching speaking (Communicative Language Teaching Approach: CLT) but the participants in the experimental group had some translation tasks in addition to being instructed through CLT that was translating Persian stories into English. The treatment lasted for five weeks, each week two sessions. After the treatment was finished, the participant in both groups of the study took the speaking ability post-test. Their post-test scores were analyzed through ANCOVA, and the result indicated that the experimental group performed significantly better that the control group after the intervention. Keywords: Speaking ability, Translation, Persian stories, Intermediate level.
{"title":"The Effect of Translating Persian Stories on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Speaking Ability","authors":"Fatemeh Rokhshad, S. Ranjbar","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1090.G1321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1090.G1321","url":null,"abstract":"The current study attempts to determine the effect of translating Persian stories on Iranian intermediate EFL Learners’ speaking ability.To achieve this, sixty intermediate Iranian EFL learners were selected through a cluster random sampling procedure. Because of the institute’s policy and regular teaching program, it was not possible to assign all of the participants into the two groups randomly, and thus the students were required to remain intact in their regular classes during the intervention time slots. They formed two groups, namely Control and Experimental groups. Before the study, the participants of both group had a pre-test of speaking. Then the Participants in the control group were treated with the existing method of teaching speaking (Communicative Language Teaching Approach: CLT) but the participants in the experimental group had some translation tasks in addition to being instructed through CLT that was translating Persian stories into English. The treatment lasted for five weeks, each week two sessions. After the treatment was finished, the participant in both groups of the study took the speaking ability post-test. Their post-test scores were analyzed through ANCOVA, and the result indicated that the experimental group performed significantly better that the control group after the intervention. Keywords: Speaking ability, Translation, Persian stories, Intermediate level.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"138-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90988131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-15DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1081.G1313
Eshija Shehabi
A key factor in enterprise development and the quality of its products or services undoubtedly affect in the internal and external environment. Standard for Environmental Management System ISO 14001: 2004 since September 15th, 2015 is the version 14001: 2015. This standard has many changes compared to the previous version and includes some important processes such as documentation, complete meaning of a model to implement this standard, the involvement of all staff, operational processes analyzed on the basis of risk and a continuity of processes for quality maintenance and development that enables its customers a product or quality service. In this study we will see how this standard will affect in relation to the previous version. Keywords: managment, standards, quality, environment, ISO 14001:2015, enterprise.
{"title":"Application of the New Version of the Environmental Management System, the Impact on Eenterprise Development","authors":"Eshija Shehabi","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1081.G1313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1081.G1313","url":null,"abstract":"A key factor in enterprise development and the quality of its products or services undoubtedly affect in the internal and external environment. Standard for Environmental Management System ISO 14001: 2004 since September 15th, 2015 is the version 14001: 2015. This standard has many changes compared to the previous version and includes some important processes such as documentation, complete meaning of a model to implement this standard, the involvement of all staff, operational processes analyzed on the basis of risk and a continuity of processes for quality maintenance and development that enables its customers a product or quality service. In this study we will see how this standard will affect in relation to the previous version. Keywords: managment, standards, quality, environment, ISO 14001:2015, enterprise.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85605976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-15DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1084.G1316
Yorqinjon Odilov
The semantic structure of a language unit has always been one of the study objects of linguistics. One of the topical problems of semasiology, whose main task is to study the meaning of the word, is the phenomenon of enantiosemy. Enantiosemy is the opposition between the meanings of one word or phrase and one of the important problems of semasiology as well. Different opinions have been put forward about the linguistic nature of enantiosemy, its relation with lingual asymmetry, the factors of occurrence and its place in the linguistic level. For instance, it is said that the occurrence of enantiosemy is connected with mixed nature of ancient words, meaning development, word formation and grammatical factors. Or whilst its place in the lexical level is sometimes evaluated as a type of homonymy, antonymy and polysemy, it is sometimes introduced as a separate lexical phenomenon. In this work, first of all, the research works on enantiosemy are viewed and suggested how to study it as what phenomenon. Keywords: semasiology, lexical phenomenons, enantiosemy, enantiosemic word and phraseologisms, syncretism, semantic development, special type of polysemy, Uzbek language.
{"title":"Theoretical Basis of Enantiosemy and its Occurrence in Speech","authors":"Yorqinjon Odilov","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1084.G1316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1084.G1316","url":null,"abstract":"The semantic structure of a language unit has always been one of the study objects of linguistics. One of the topical problems of semasiology, whose main task is to study the meaning of the word, is the phenomenon of enantiosemy. Enantiosemy is the opposition between the meanings of one word or phrase and one of the important problems of semasiology as well. Different opinions have been put forward about the linguistic nature of enantiosemy, its relation with lingual asymmetry, the factors of occurrence and its place in the linguistic level. For instance, it is said that the occurrence of enantiosemy is connected with mixed nature of ancient words, meaning development, word formation and grammatical factors. Or whilst its place in the lexical level is sometimes evaluated as a type of homonymy, antonymy and polysemy, it is sometimes introduced as a separate lexical phenomenon. In this work, first of all, the research works on enantiosemy are viewed and suggested how to study it as what phenomenon. Keywords: semasiology, lexical phenomenons, enantiosemy, enantiosemic word and phraseologisms, syncretism, semantic development, special type of polysemy, Uzbek language.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"102-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78566117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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