Writing is one of the most important skills of teaching and learning a particular language, in this case English. Teaching writing is a hard task which can often be frustrating. Therefore, the teacher must use different writing strategies and techniques in order to create a stress-free and motivated writing classroom. In fact, by writing students improve their way of thinking day-after-day by practice; their writing will seem more successful as Bean (2000:17) claims: “good thinking provides good writing”. Keywords: Writing strategies; critical thinking; ELT- English language teaching; writing skills, EFL-English Foreign Language.
{"title":"The Process of Writing in Educational Settings (EFL Students of English Language)","authors":"Suzana Ibraimi","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.773","url":null,"abstract":"Writing is one of the most important skills of teaching and learning a particular language, in this case English. Teaching writing is a hard task which can often be frustrating. Therefore, the teacher must use different writing strategies and techniques in order to create a stress-free and motivated writing classroom. In fact, by writing students improve their way of thinking day-after-day by practice; their writing will seem more successful as Bean (2000:17) claims: “good thinking provides good writing”. Keywords: Writing strategies; critical thinking; ELT- English language teaching; writing skills, EFL-English Foreign Language.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"230 1","pages":"87-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88992159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i2.770.g950
Fjoralba Dado
The phenomenon of clitic left dislocation is relatively frequent in French and is traditionally related with spoken language. However, this phenomenon is also observed in the written language, which often imitates the spoken one. After the presentation of a theoretical framework, which describes the way that French and Albanian language consider specifically the clitic left dislocation, we propose a pragmatic approach while analyzing some examples from a corpus of literary works translated from French into Albanian and trying to draw some regular pattern regarding " the Albanian translation " of “the left dislocation of direct object ", a typical phenomenon of the French language. Keywords dislocation, nominative syntagm, direct object, translation.
{"title":"Dislocation in French and its Translation into Albanian: The Case of Direct Object","authors":"Fjoralba Dado","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i2.770.g950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i2.770.g950","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of clitic left dislocation is relatively frequent in French and is traditionally related with spoken language. However, this phenomenon is also observed in the written language, which often imitates the spoken one. After the presentation of a theoretical framework, which describes the way that French and Albanian language consider specifically the clitic left dislocation, we propose a pragmatic approach while analyzing some examples from a corpus of literary works translated from French into Albanian and trying to draw some regular pattern regarding \" the Albanian translation \" of “the left dislocation of direct object \", a typical phenomenon of the French language. Keywords dislocation, nominative syntagm, direct object, translation.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":"68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84677438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main subject of this paper is the fresco decoration of the church of St. Mary in the village of Cercke, near Leskovik. Attention has been devoted to some thematically innovative motifs and in the analysis of stylistic features, which reveal their affiliation in the artistic tradition occurred in a broader area in South Albania and western Macedonia in the course of 14th century. Another subject discussed in this paper is an inscription, which mentions the name of a certain Michael. Although its content reveals an introductory formula usually applied to indicate patronage, the author of this paper recognizes the signature of the painter and argues that similar inscriptions mentioning painters’ name are found in Albania since Middle Byzantine period. Another inscription of the same period mentioning the name of Michael is found at the church of St. George tou Vounou in Kastoria (1385). Keywords: Cercke; South Albania; fresco painting; paleologan; Michael.
本文的主要研究对象是莱斯科维克附近Cercke村圣玛丽教堂的壁画装饰。关注的焦点集中在一些主题创新的母题和风格特征的分析上，这些特征揭示了它们在14世纪南阿尔巴尼亚和马其顿西部更广泛地区的艺术传统中的从属关系。本文讨论的另一个主题是一个铭文，它提到了一个叫迈克尔的人的名字。虽然其内容揭示了通常用于表示赞助的介绍性公式，但本文作者认识到画家的签名，并认为自拜占庭中期以来在阿尔巴尼亚发现了提及画家姓名的类似铭文。1385年，在卡斯托里亚的圣乔治教堂(St. George tou Vounou)发现了同一时期提到迈克尔名字的另一个铭文。关键词:Cercke;南部阿尔巴尼亚;壁画画;paleologan;迈克尔。
{"title":"An Assessment on the Fresco Decoration and the Content of an Inscription in Theotokos’ Church in Cercke, near Leskovik","authors":"Era Xhaferaj","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.764","url":null,"abstract":"The main subject of this paper is the fresco decoration of the church of St. Mary in the village of Cercke, near Leskovik. Attention has been devoted to some thematically innovative motifs and in the analysis of stylistic features, which reveal their affiliation in the artistic tradition occurred in a broader area in South Albania and western Macedonia in the course of 14th century. Another subject discussed in this paper is an inscription, which mentions the name of a certain Michael. Although its content reveals an introductory formula usually applied to indicate patronage, the author of this paper recognizes the signature of the painter and argues that similar inscriptions mentioning painters’ name are found in Albania since Middle Byzantine period. Another inscription of the same period mentioning the name of Michael is found at the church of St. George tou Vounou in Kastoria (1385). Keywords: Cercke; South Albania; fresco painting; paleologan; Michael.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77121729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heset Vranovci, P. Çabeli, S. Çoçoli, Tana Shtylla Kika
This study is initiated to define the level of contamination and possible contaminant factors of broiler’s fresh meat with Listeria monocytogenes in poultry’s abattoir Konsoni and realized from November 2013 to march 2014,where 72 samples of the fresh meat were tested. These samples were taken from carcasses of the broilers in abattoir during the process of slaughter in different phases. The analytical procedure is realized by using the norm horizontal method ISO 11290.From 72 samples analyzed,18 samples resulted positive with Listeria spp.Biochemical test and CAMP-test confirmed 7 samples positive with Listeria monocytogenes.From all the samples analyzed, when expressing them in a percentage 25 % resulted positive with Listeria spp,whereas 9.72 % are positive with Listeria monocytogenes.The data taken tell that from 18 positive samples,16 of them were taken after the phase of eviscerate or as it is called ―cold‖ part of the abattoir.The presence of the Listeria monocytogenes in the ―cold‖ parts of the abattoir is related to the psychrophile nature of listeria.From the data gained we can conclude that the main origin of Llisteria monocytogenes are the broilers itself, which they carry this bacterium in their viscera and after the evisceration it contaminates the carcasses and the premises of the abattoir. Keywords: Listeria monocytogenes, poultry’s abattoir, meat, carcass.
{"title":"The Research of Listeria Monocytogenes in the Fresh Meat of the Broilers in Poultry Abattoir Konsoni in Kosova","authors":"Heset Vranovci, P. Çabeli, S. Çoçoli, Tana Shtylla Kika","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.769","url":null,"abstract":"This study is initiated to define the level of contamination and possible contaminant factors of broiler’s fresh meat with Listeria monocytogenes in poultry’s abattoir Konsoni and realized from November 2013 to march 2014,where 72 samples of the fresh meat were tested. These samples were taken from carcasses of the broilers in abattoir during the process of slaughter in different phases. The analytical procedure is realized by using the norm horizontal method ISO 11290.From 72 samples analyzed,18 samples resulted positive with Listeria spp.Biochemical test and CAMP-test confirmed 7 samples positive with Listeria monocytogenes.From all the samples analyzed, when expressing them in a percentage 25 % resulted positive with Listeria spp,whereas 9.72 % are positive with Listeria monocytogenes.The data taken tell that from 18 positive samples,16 of them were taken after the phase of eviscerate or as it is called ―cold‖ part of the abattoir.The presence of the Listeria monocytogenes in the ―cold‖ parts of the abattoir is related to the psychrophile nature of listeria.From the data gained we can conclude that the main origin of Llisteria monocytogenes are the broilers itself, which they carry this bacterium in their viscera and after the evisceration it contaminates the carcasses and the premises of the abattoir. Keywords: Listeria monocytogenes, poultry’s abattoir, meat, carcass.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"64-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87363879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The thyroid nodules are found often in the clinical practice in adults. The clinical importance of thyroid nodules is to exclude thyroid cancer, which occurs in 7-15 % of cases with thyroid nodules depending on age, sex, radiation exposure history, family history and other factors. We present a clinical case, misdiagnosed as a subacute thyroiditis, in which the lack of clinical doubt for suspecting the thyroid cancer, despite the negative result of fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodule and not measuring the calcitonin level, did not allow the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Based on this clinical case and also the review of literature, we recommend the routine measurement of calcitonin in screening the thyroid nodules, for the early diagnosis of the medullary thyroid carcinoma. Despite the negative result for malignancy of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) of nodule, if the nodule has some echographic signs, characteristic of malignancy, the thyroid surgery must be recommended. Keywords: Medullary thyroid carcinoma, calcitonin, fine needle aspiration biopsy.
{"title":"Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma, Misdiagnosed as Subacute Thyroiditis and Role of Calcitonin Measurement","authors":"B. Dyrmishi, T. Olldashi, T. Fureraj, A. Ylli","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i2.759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i2.759","url":null,"abstract":"The thyroid nodules are found often in the clinical practice in adults. The clinical importance of thyroid nodules is to exclude thyroid cancer, which occurs in 7-15 % of cases with thyroid nodules depending on age, sex, radiation exposure history, family history and other factors. We present a clinical case, misdiagnosed as a subacute thyroiditis, in which the lack of clinical doubt for suspecting the thyroid cancer, despite the negative result of fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodule and not measuring the calcitonin level, did not allow the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Based on this clinical case and also the review of literature, we recommend the routine measurement of calcitonin in screening the thyroid nodules, for the early diagnosis of the medullary thyroid carcinoma. Despite the negative result for malignancy of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) of nodule, if the nodule has some echographic signs, characteristic of malignancy, the thyroid surgery must be recommended. Keywords: Medullary thyroid carcinoma, calcitonin, fine needle aspiration biopsy.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"2 2 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79722050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Berisha, R. Bejiqi, R. Retkoceri, H. Bejiqi, A. Retkoceri, R. Bejiqi
Background. Rheumatic fever, also known as acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain.[1] The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a throat infection.[2] Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and a characteristic but uncommon non itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. Acute rheumatic fever and its sequels, rheumatic heart diseases, remain major unsolved preventable health problems in Kosovo population, particularly among the disadvantages indigenous Albanian and Egyptians people. In Kosovo, despite of performing secondary prophylaxis with benzathine penicillin, acute rheumatic fever hospitalization rates have remained essentially unchanged for the last 20 years. The role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of acute rheumatic carditis was established over the last 20 years. Aims. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in children from Kosovo population with the first attack of acute rheumatic fever. Also, we presented that echocardiography examination detects a greater prevalence of rheumatic heart disease than other diagnostic procedures. We aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of cardiac auscultation, ECG record, lab analysis to echocardiography and to determine the feasibility of specific age in this setting. Methods. To optimize accurate diagnosis of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease, we utilized two group models. In the first group of 388 children who were hospitalized and treated before 1999, diagnosis of rheumatic fever was decided basing on the clinical and laboratory findingswhereas in second group (221 children treated from1999 to 2010), clinical and lab diagnosis were amplified also on the detection by echocardiography. Conclusion. In second group, using echocardiography as a method of diagnosis and assessment children with rheumatic fever, we found high rates of undetected rheumatic heart disease in this high-risk group population. Echocardiographic examination of children with rheumatic fever for rheumatic heart disease may over-diagnose rheumatic heart disease unless congenital mitral valve anomalies and physiological regurgitation are excluded. Keywords: rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, chorea minor, echocardiography.
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Kosovo, Evaluation of the Long- Term Results","authors":"I. Berisha, R. Bejiqi, R. Retkoceri, H. Bejiqi, A. Retkoceri, R. Bejiqi","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.775","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Rheumatic fever, also known as acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain.[1] The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a throat infection.[2] Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and a characteristic but uncommon non itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. Acute rheumatic fever and its sequels, rheumatic heart diseases, remain major unsolved preventable health problems in Kosovo population, particularly among the disadvantages indigenous Albanian and Egyptians people. In Kosovo, despite of performing secondary prophylaxis with benzathine penicillin, acute rheumatic fever hospitalization rates have remained essentially unchanged for the last 20 years. The role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of acute rheumatic carditis was established over the last 20 years. Aims. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in children from Kosovo population with the first attack of acute rheumatic fever. Also, we presented that echocardiography examination detects a greater prevalence of rheumatic heart disease than other diagnostic procedures. We aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of cardiac auscultation, ECG record, lab analysis to echocardiography and to determine the feasibility of specific age in this setting. Methods. To optimize accurate diagnosis of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease, we utilized two group models. In the first group of 388 children who were hospitalized and treated before 1999, diagnosis of rheumatic fever was decided basing on the clinical and laboratory findingswhereas in second group (221 children treated from1999 to 2010), clinical and lab diagnosis were amplified also on the detection by echocardiography. Conclusion. In second group, using echocardiography as a method of diagnosis and assessment children with rheumatic fever, we found high rates of undetected rheumatic heart disease in this high-risk group population. Echocardiographic examination of children with rheumatic fever for rheumatic heart disease may over-diagnose rheumatic heart disease unless congenital mitral valve anomalies and physiological regurgitation are excluded. Keywords: rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, chorea minor, echocardiography.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"115 1","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74132381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pre-Roman Dardania was inhabited by an indigenous Dardanian population. The Roman invasion was followed with the introduction of a number of novelties regarding the administration, political and economic system, but it also reflected in the differentiation of ethnic composition. Consequently, the ethnical structure in Dardania changed significantly and became multi-ethnic inhabited by the local population, the Romanised locals, the Thracians, the Romans, the Celts, the Greeks and the Orientals. This multi-ethnic structure is best reflected by epigraphic monuments discovered throughout the Dardanian territory. A general overview on the ethnical structure living in Dardania during Roman period will be presented in this paper, based on onomastic data offered by epigraphic sources. Keywords: Dardania, ethnical structure, tria nomina.
{"title":"Overview of Ethnic Structure of Dardania during the Roman Period","authors":"Emine Hajdari̇","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i2.763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i2.763","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-Roman Dardania was inhabited by an indigenous Dardanian population. The Roman invasion was followed with the introduction of a number of novelties regarding the administration, political and economic system, but it also reflected in the differentiation of ethnic composition. Consequently, the ethnical structure in Dardania changed significantly and became multi-ethnic inhabited by the local population, the Romanised locals, the Thracians, the Romans, the Celts, the Greeks and the Orientals. This multi-ethnic structure is best reflected by epigraphic monuments discovered throughout the Dardanian territory. A general overview on the ethnical structure living in Dardania during Roman period will be presented in this paper, based on onomastic data offered by epigraphic sources. Keywords: Dardania, ethnical structure, tria nomina.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81653272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The modernism in European Literature was preceded by historical developments determined by intellectual revolution that put in question the metaphysical thought of the previous European tradition. Modernism has become a literary movement that reflects the innovation of the creation on the ruins of the previous tradition. L‟ Occident as a new modern spirit with the intellectual development of emancipation has become as a myth for the small nations. The Albanian Literature, dominated theretofore by a tradition of the national spirit, well known as the Albanian Renaissance, feels the pressure of these changes, reflecting it through creations of Albanian authors that have been educated in the West. Although this literature has inherited the feature of delay compare to other westerns literatures, these authors, attracted from the changes the literature was going through, dare to write in different literary European trends. The myth of Occident in the work of Migjeni has been observed since in the beginning from the scholar Arshi Pipa … “as an epochal vocation...” Migjeni has sensed the new European spirit, not only as a magnetic attraction to new sudden developments, but as a movement to destroy entrenched systems of thought that were returned to the myth of peoples for centuries. He did come as a wrecker of its cultural tradition, but not as much as a result of his own choice of being in the footsteps of his followers65 rather than as the direct result of his consciousness of being subjected to a powerful temptation; to rise against the ancient myth as the world itself is, which shocks the foundation of faith upon which was built the whole European civilization. The myth of Occident to Migjeni is represented to readers as an expression of the will of detachment from the "rule" and the influence of the Christian religion. Keywords: modernism, tradition, delay, myth, myth of Occident, Christian religion.
{"title":"The Perception of the Myth of Occident in Migjeni’s Work","authors":"Valbona Gaçe Avdullaj","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.777","url":null,"abstract":"The modernism in European Literature was preceded by historical developments determined by intellectual revolution that put in question the metaphysical thought of the previous European tradition. Modernism has become a literary movement that reflects the innovation of the creation on the ruins of the previous tradition. L‟ Occident as a new modern spirit with the intellectual development of emancipation has become as a myth for the small nations. The Albanian Literature, dominated theretofore by a tradition of the national spirit, well known as the Albanian Renaissance, feels the pressure of these changes, reflecting it through creations of Albanian authors that have been educated in the West. Although this literature has inherited the feature of delay compare to other westerns literatures, these authors, attracted from the changes the literature was going through, dare to write in different literary European trends. The myth of Occident in the work of Migjeni has been observed since in the beginning from the scholar Arshi Pipa … “as an epochal vocation...” Migjeni has sensed the new European spirit, not only as a magnetic attraction to new sudden developments, but as a movement to destroy entrenched systems of thought that were returned to the myth of peoples for centuries. He did come as a wrecker of its cultural tradition, but not as much as a result of his own choice of being in the footsteps of his followers65 rather than as the direct result of his consciousness of being subjected to a powerful temptation; to rise against the ancient myth as the world itself is, which shocks the foundation of faith upon which was built the whole European civilization. The myth of Occident to Migjeni is represented to readers as an expression of the will of detachment from the \"rule\" and the influence of the Christian religion. Keywords: modernism, tradition, delay, myth, myth of Occident, Christian religion.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"116-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80453233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the purpose of protecting the public interest and citizens’ rights, it is impossible for the public administration and its entities to avoid the damages they cause to them. Nowdays, comparing to two previous centuries, it is consolidated the fact that the State is held responsible for the damage caused as in the civil relations between the private parties. In each impairment caused in the civil law, administrative or criminal ones, there should exist some cumulative elements(in common) whose consumption by the subject brings consequences to the injured party. The law which regulates this responsibility thoroughly is the law no. 8510/1999 “On liability of bodies of state administration”.96The Article 1 of this law provides that: “The state administration entities are held responsible for the non-contractual property and non-pecuniary damages, which they cause to the physical persons, legal entities, private, local or foreign ones. Non-contractual liability of public administrattion entities is regulated according to the provisions of this law and the Civil Code of the Republic of Albania.” In this paper there will be analyzed the criteria of responsibility determined not only in the respective law but even in those criteria which the Civil Code defines about the non-contractual liability, from the Article 608-652. Through this appraisal it is aimed at bringing into attention to the readers when the non-contractual state liability arises (concretely the public administration) and in addition, when citizens are legitimated to file a sue against these actions in order that the locals and the foreigners are more aware about this constitutional right not that much applicable. Keywords: state liability, public administrative entities, elements of administrative responsibility, Albanian legal framework.
{"title":"An Insight Over Non-Contractual Liability of Public Administration in Albania","authors":"R. Mataj","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.776","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the purpose of protecting the public interest and citizens’ rights, it is impossible for the public administration and its entities to avoid the damages they cause to them. Nowdays, comparing to two previous centuries, it is consolidated the fact that the State is held responsible for the damage caused as in the civil relations between the private parties. In each impairment caused in the civil law, administrative or criminal ones, there should exist some cumulative elements(in common) whose consumption by the subject brings consequences to the injured party. The law which regulates this responsibility thoroughly is the law no. 8510/1999 “On liability of bodies of state administration”.96The Article 1 of this law provides that: “The state administration entities are held responsible for the non-contractual property and non-pecuniary damages, which they cause to the physical persons, legal entities, private, local or foreign ones. Non-contractual liability of public administrattion entities is regulated according to the provisions of this law and the Civil Code of the Republic of Albania.” In this paper there will be analyzed the criteria of responsibility determined not only in the respective law but even in those criteria which the Civil Code defines about the non-contractual liability, from the Article 608-652. Through this appraisal it is aimed at bringing into attention to the readers when the non-contractual state liability arises (concretely the public administration) and in addition, when citizens are legitimated to file a sue against these actions in order that the locals and the foreigners are more aware about this constitutional right not that much applicable. Keywords: state liability, public administrative entities, elements of administrative responsibility, Albanian legal framework.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77036650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Power for Management of merketing activities is when there is security of the food which is important and inextricably linked to its quality. Every consumer is entitled to a varied diet with safe and quality food. All organizations offer their safe and qualitative products and services that gives power to the market. The aim is to develop voluntarily accepted quality standards and procedures for international verification of good agricultural practices. Competition characterizes the supply of high quality and safety and also with strong marketing activities. The examination through quality standards is a guarantee of quality and food safety. Marketing management is a key element to get closer to customers, quickly and efficiently, quality standards are factors of satisfaction and at the same time stable. Crucially important for the functioning of any modern society is what the market offers us and what we choose to buy. Keywords: marketing, management, quality, standards, food, protection.
{"title":"Quality Standards Impact in Marketing Activities in Food Organizations Industry in the Republic of Macedonia","authors":"Eshija Shehabi, S. Memeti","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I2.766","url":null,"abstract":"Power for Management of merketing activities is when there is security of the food which is important and inextricably linked to its quality. Every consumer is entitled to a varied diet with safe and quality food. All organizations offer their safe and qualitative products and services that gives power to the market. The aim is to develop voluntarily accepted quality standards and procedures for international verification of good agricultural practices. Competition characterizes the supply of high quality and safety and also with strong marketing activities. The examination through quality standards is a guarantee of quality and food safety. Marketing management is a key element to get closer to customers, quickly and efficiently, quality standards are factors of satisfaction and at the same time stable. Crucially important for the functioning of any modern society is what the market offers us and what we choose to buy. Keywords: marketing, management, quality, standards, food, protection.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"50-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78673725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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