Pub Date : 2016-06-15DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1082.G1314
Fatmire Isaki
The aim of the present study is to pinpoint the corresponding and contrary ways of the depiction of women and their role in the ballads in both English and Albanian literature. The aim of this paper is to facilitate students and teachers of literature in investigating different ballads and provide them a general insight in the way literature has been treated in both languages. The main method applied in this paper is the comparative one since this paper includes two different cultures where these ballads emerge from. Even though, the same form and structure are being shared by them, it is very significant to bring up that the representation of women in Anglo-Saxon ballads is quite different from the women in Albanian ballads. The paper will try to provide concrete examples and explanations in terms of the differences and similarities between these two types of ballads. Keywords: ballad, similarities, differences, English, Albanian, etc.
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Pub Date : 2016-06-15DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1083.g1315
Drita Avdyli
After 1960 the communist regime continued to be frustrated by the support Western nations and neighbouring Balkan countries gave the Albanian political migration. On the other hand, it should be noted that, in fact, cooperation with non-Communist political emigration countries came fading and this migration was losing its former importance as a force to hit the regime of Enver Hoxha. Western support for immigration was conspicuous in the field of anti-communist propaganda. Different countries like UK, USA, Italy, Greece, Yugoslavia Vatican, etc. made available to the political exiles their radios or created radio sound specialized centres for Albania and for the Diaspora. In these organs also worked several Albanian immigrants, mainly for programs in Albanian, as Tajar Zavalani, Andon Logoreci, Alfred Andoni etc., in BBC; dom Zef Shestani, Daniel Gjecaj , on radio Vatican, etc., and others in radio "Free Europe", "Voice of America" etc. where for example Talat Karagjozi worked for 30 years as director of the Albanian branch of Voice of America radio. In the 70s - 80s, the political emigration itself created several radios as the BK, Legality in the US. To maintain longer social-communist system, the Albanian government took some political Reaction against immigration during the period 1960-1990, which were very severe. Keywords: Political Immigration, the communist regime, Diaspora, open war, etc.
1960年以后，共产主义政权继续对西方国家和巴尔干邻国对阿尔巴尼亚政治移民的支持感到沮丧。另一方面，应该指出的是，事实上，与非共产主义政治移民国家的合作正在减弱，这种移民正在失去其以前作为打击恩维尔·霍查政权的力量的重要性。西方对移民的支持在反共宣传领域是显而易见的。不同的国家，如英国、美国、意大利、希腊、南斯拉夫、梵蒂冈等，向政治流亡者提供收音机，或为阿尔巴尼亚和侨民建立专门的无线电广播中心。在这些机构中还工作过几位阿尔巴尼亚移民，主要为阿尔巴尼亚语节目工作，如BBC的Tajar Zavalani, Andon Logoreci, Alfred Andoni等;dom Zef Shestani, Daniel Gjecaj，在梵蒂冈电台等，以及在“自由欧洲”，“美国之音”等电台的其他人，例如Talat Karagjozi作为美国之音阿尔巴尼亚分部的主任工作了30年。在70 - 80年代，政治移民本身创造了几个电台，如BK，美国的合法性。为了维持更长时间的社会主义制度，阿尔巴尼亚政府在1960-1990年期间对移民采取了一些非常严厉的政治反应。关键词:政治移民、共产主义政权、散居、公开战争等
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Pub Date : 2016-06-14DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1077.G1309
Eshija Shehabi
International Standards for Quality Management System are reviewed within five to ten years and pass to the new version of the year when they are officially published. The most applied and the required standard worldwide is the standard for Quality Management System ISO 9001: 2008 and from September 15, 2015, is the version 9001: 2015. This standard has many changes compared to past versions and includes some important processes such as: documentation, complete meaning of a model to implement this standard, the involvement of all staff, operational processes analyzed also on the basis of risk and continuity of processes for the maintenance and quality development that enables to its customers a quality product or service. In this study, we will see how available they are and how it will affect this standard in relation to the previous version. Keywords: Management, standard, quality, ISO9001: 2015, enterprise.
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Pub Date : 2016-05-21DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1078.G1310
Kujtim Bytyçi
The play “Banishment from Heaven”, originally “Debim nga Parajsa”. The author Ragip Sylaj comes to the reader with a new way of presentation, different in both poetic genre and that of the play he is trying to experiment with. The author is not unknown by the Albanian reader, he is represented in an anthology in Albanian and foreign languages. Despite the popularity of a writer has its own magic of surprise, since the moment he appears, he brings the reader close to himself with the pleasant surprises he presents. Poetry is the most developed genre of the author, without putting behind prose, essay, literary critic, and plays. Moving from a genre to another, of course, has its own difficulty, bringing an “adoption” of the writer. Except for adaption, there is self-finding. Self-finding is the orientation towards the kind of play, which most adapts with the esthetic propensity and the taste of the author. Sylaj, in his experiment on the play, has a clear course towards modern play, but in this case, the referring point is the reader. The modernity of Ragip Sylaj in the play doesn't stay only in the creative way of presenting the plays as anti-play, the hero as an antihero, but also in the text organizing. His “Two plays” can be read as a literary material, but also as purely dramatic texts, but in the last mentioned, the comfort turns into a headache for every director who wants to put these plays on the scene. The “headache” comes because of the fact that the director needs to have a literary material so as to convert it in a theater show needing directing and acting skills. The modernity in Ragip Sylaj's plays is noticed in the absurd “plateau” in which heroes-anti-heroes and drama-anti-drama proceeds. Although this is the basis, the author has managed to keep the basis out of religion. He has managed to make the biblical plot serve the dramatic subject, where the religion is turned in absurd and existentialism. The history of world literature knows many cases of the writers' orientation towards biblical subjects, creating such literary works which have withstood time. Literary History-writing is “born” during European Renaissance, with writers like Leggier, Boccaccio, later on with Dostoyevsky, Bodler, Camus, Proust etc. Each of them has artistically used the biblical subject, bringing us literary materials with creative patterns, symbols, hereafter (hell, heaven, purgatory). F. Kafka in “The Trial” brings us the trial for the Big Sin in an artistic way. The Bible is also called “The book of books”. Keywords: “Banishment from Heaven”, Ragip Sylaj, modernity, poetry, plays, scene, etc.
戏剧“从天堂驱逐”，原“Debim nga Parajsa”。作者拉吉普·西拉以一种全新的呈现方式呈现给读者，这种呈现方式在诗歌体裁和他试图尝试的戏剧中都是不同的。作者并非不为阿尔巴尼亚读者所知，他在阿尔巴尼亚语和外语的选集中都有代表。尽管受欢迎的作家有其令人惊讶的魔力，但从他出现的那一刻起，他就以他所呈现的惊喜将读者拉近。除了散文、随笔、文学评论和戏剧之外，诗歌是作者最发达的体裁。当然，从一种体裁转换到另一种体裁也有其自身的困难，即“接受”作者。除了适应，还有自我发现。自我发现是一种最符合作者审美倾向和趣味的游戏取向。西拉伊，在他对戏剧的实验中，有一条通向现代戏剧的清晰路线，但在这种情况下，参考点是读者。拉吉普·西拉吉在剧中的现代性不仅体现在戏剧作为反戏剧、主人公作为反英雄的创造性表现方式上，还体现在文本组织上。他的《两出戏》既可以作为文学材料来读，也可以作为纯粹的戏剧文本来读，但在最后提到的那部戏里，这种安慰变成了每一个想把这些戏搬上舞台的导演的头痛。“头疼”的原因是，导演需要有文学素材，才能把它转换成需要导演和表演技巧的戏剧表演。拉吉普·西拉吉戏剧的现代性体现在英雄与反英雄、戏剧与反戏剧的荒诞“高原”上。虽然这是基础，但作者设法将基础排除在宗教之外。他成功地使圣经情节服务于戏剧主题，在那里宗教变成了荒谬和存在主义。在世界文学史上，有许多作家对圣经主题的定位，创造了经得起时间考验的文学作品。文学史写作是在欧洲文艺复兴时期“诞生”的，有莱热尔、薄伽丘，后来有陀思妥耶夫斯基、博德勒、加缪、普鲁斯特等作家。他们每个人都艺术地运用了圣经的主题，给我们带来了创造性的图案、符号、来世(地狱、天堂、炼狱)的文学材料。卡夫卡在《审判》中以一种艺术的方式给我们带来了对大罪的审判。《圣经》也被称为“书中之书”。关键词:《天下囚》，拉吉普·西拉吉，现代性，诗歌，戏剧，场景等
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Pub Date : 2016-05-20DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1076.g1308
Astrit M. Gashi
Context and Objective: Continued increases in the number of births by caesarean section in many countries of the world, have influenced at increased the number of uterine rupture. The purpose of this paper is to determine the correlation between births by caesarean section and uterine rupture. Design and Setting: Cross-sectional study. Designed as a pre-defined protocol and a search was conducted by non-electronic databases (with the written-protocol of the births) of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic/University Clinical Centre of Kosovo. Methods: Data for uterine rupture were collected for five years (from 2010 to 2014), only in women who gave birth by caesarean section. The cases with uterine rupture have divided over the years, as has happened rupture, then are made statistical calculations. Results: Of the twenty-two cases reported with uterine rupture during five years at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, were counted in all cases (100 per cent). They were twenty-two cases of uterine rupture by the total 15526 women that have born by Caesarean Section during five years. Calculation of incidence has come out that is 14 per 10,000 deliveries with Caesarean Section and significance level for observed proportion was P<0.0001 (95% confidence interval CI; 21.35 to 22.66). From 2010 to 2014, have a continuous increase of uterine rupture, if we make a comparison the percentage of uterine rupture of 2010, with a percentage of 2014, have a significant difference (in favor of the increase); 0.07 % versus 0.17%, odds ratio OR=0.82 (95% Cl; 0.016 to 41.70). Conclusions: We conclude that as much as increases number of the births with caesarean delivery, will increase the cases with uterine rupture. The incidence rates of the uterine rupture in Kosovo are 14 per 10,000 deliveries with Caesarean Section (as estimated by this study five old; 2010 to 2014). Key words: caesarean section, uterine rupture, Kosovo.
背景和目的:世界上许多国家剖腹产人数的持续增加影响了子宫破裂人数的增加。本文的目的是确定剖腹产与子宫破裂之间的关系。设计与设置:横断面研究。设计为预先定义的协议，并通过科索沃妇产科诊所/大学临床中心的非电子数据库(具有出生书面协议)进行搜索。方法:收集2010 - 2014年5年剖宫产产妇子宫破裂的数据。将多年来发生的子宫破裂病例进行分类，并进行统计计算。结果:五年内在妇产科报告的22例子宫破裂病例中，所有病例均被统计(100%)。在五年内，通过剖腹产出生的15526名妇女中有22例子宫破裂。计算出剖宫产的发生率为14 / 10000，观察到的比例显著性水平P<0.0001(95%可信区间CI;21.35至22.66)。从2010年到2014年，子宫破裂都在持续增加，如果我们将2010年的子宫破裂百分比与2014年的百分比进行比较，有显著差异(赞成增加);0.07% vs 0.17%，优势比OR=0.82 (95% Cl;0.016到41.70)。结论:剖宫产率越高，子宫破裂的发生率越高。在科索沃，子宫破裂的发生率为每10 000例剖腹产分娩中有14例(根据这项研究5年前的估计;2010年至2014年)。关键词:剖宫产;子宫破裂;科索沃;
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Pub Date : 2016-05-20DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i5.873.g1094
Irklid Ristani
The urban planning of the medieval village of Kamenica is the main subject of this paper. It is an abandoned village situated on the south of Albania (district of Delvine), which conserves many of its original buildings in a good state. The surveys done in the last years permit to make some preliminary conclusions about its structure. In order to understand the guidelines of the urban planning, we have taken in exam some similar models, both in Albanian and Italian territory. Their study has been very useful to put Kamenica in rapport with the other settlements in a large context. The analysis passes through the concept of urban geography, which is very important for choosing the site location and the guarantee of the economic life of the village. In the paper are taken in exam the principal elements of the urban structure, such as the streets network and the open spaces. Keywords: medieval village, medieval urban planning, abandoned village, medieval house, tower house.
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Pub Date : 2016-05-20DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1075.g1307
S. Bushi
Archaeological excavations carried out in the recent decades in many sites of Albania have enriched the repertory of east Mediterranean amphorae dated from 4th – 7th century. The results obtained provided significant evidence on their typology, distribution, chronology and their origin. These discoveries have stressed the importance and the role of our territory during this specific historical period, marked by the initiative of the emperor Justinian I (527 – 565) for the restoration of the lost territories of the empire. The presence of east – Mediterranean amphorae is attested in numerous urban centers and religious building such as the cities of Butrint, Onchesmos, and the monument of 40 Saints, Durres, Shkodra and Lezhe50; also a significant number comes from the contribution of the subaqueous investigations across the Albanian coastline, mainly in the area between the Bay of Vlora and Saranda and the exploration conducted in the Bay of Durres. A small quantity of this category of amphorae is represented by fragments found during the excavations in other minor archaeological sites. Because of their relatively modest representation in the Mediterranean contexts, different types of east – Mediterranean amphorae, which show a remarkable presence in our territory, have been subject of individual studies, as in the case of the LRA 10 (Adamsheck RC 22) and the study devoted to the LRA 8 (Samos Cystern Type). Keywords: Cretan amphora, Albanian coastline, exploration, archaeological sites, etc.
{"title":"Cretan Amphorae from Albania (IV – VII Century AD)","authors":"S. Bushi","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1075.g1307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1075.g1307","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological excavations carried out in the recent decades in many sites of Albania have enriched the repertory of east Mediterranean amphorae dated from 4th – 7th century. The results obtained provided significant evidence on their typology, distribution, chronology and their origin. These discoveries have stressed the importance and the role of our territory during this specific historical period, marked by the initiative of the emperor Justinian I (527 – 565) for the restoration of the lost territories of the empire. The presence of east – Mediterranean amphorae is attested in numerous urban centers and religious building such as the cities of Butrint, Onchesmos, and the monument of 40 Saints, Durres, Shkodra and Lezhe50; also a significant number comes from the contribution of the subaqueous investigations across the Albanian coastline, mainly in the area between the Bay of Vlora and Saranda and the exploration conducted in the Bay of Durres. A small quantity of this category of amphorae is represented by fragments found during the excavations in other minor archaeological sites. Because of their relatively modest representation in the Mediterranean contexts, different types of east – Mediterranean amphorae, which show a remarkable presence in our territory, have been subject of individual studies, as in the case of the LRA 10 (Adamsheck RC 22) and the study devoted to the LRA 8 (Samos Cystern Type). Keywords: Cretan amphora, Albanian coastline, exploration, archaeological sites, etc.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77364602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During 1924 several developments took place in the country’s political life of which; two events have left their mark on our national memory about how they were conducted, the counter- revolution of June and December of 1924. For these two events there is plenty of Albanian historiography. Through this paper, we intend to treat in local terms the attitudes of Dibra Leaders in these two important events in our national history as a supporter and non-supporter against Zogu. The Leaders of Dibra in 1920-1924 years had an active role, and mostly has supported Zogu. Through documentary materials and their analysis will try to provide the connections that were established between the Leaders of Dibra and Zogu. When those connections were initiated and which was the base of those connections? Mutual interests and the Leaders’ role in these two events. Keywords: Leaders of Dibra, Ahmet Zogu, Elez Isufi, Support, June revolution, Counter Revolution.
{"title":"The Approach of Dibra Leaders during the Period of June-December 1924 as Supporters and Non-Supporters of Ahmet Zogu","authors":"Dritan Murrja","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i4.810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i4.810","url":null,"abstract":"During 1924 several developments took place in the country’s political life of which; two events have left their mark on our national memory about how they were conducted, the counter- revolution of June and December of 1924. For these two events there is plenty of Albanian historiography. Through this paper, we intend to treat in local terms the attitudes of Dibra Leaders in these two important events in our national history as a supporter and non-supporter against Zogu. The Leaders of Dibra in 1920-1924 years had an active role, and mostly has supported Zogu. Through documentary materials and their analysis will try to provide the connections that were established between the Leaders of Dibra and Zogu. When those connections were initiated and which was the base of those connections? Mutual interests and the Leaders’ role in these two events. Keywords: Leaders of Dibra, Ahmet Zogu, Elez Isufi, Support, June revolution, Counter Revolution.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90662290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-08DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I4.819.G1028
Hajdar Danjolli
At the onset of the paper, we are introduced to the traditional clothing and textiles which have an old origin, such as with the female xhublete of Nikaj Merturi; the white and dark brown tirq; the white cap (plis), one of the most characteristic symbols in Northern Albanian and Kosova, as well as in Albanian villages of Macedonia; the traditional vest for men (xhamadan), deocorated with black stripes. We will also disuss various types of tight and loose fitting traditional themale clothing. The traditional clothing will be divided into two major groups: female and male. Within each group we will disuss the various main forms, structures, and distributions of the specific typesand varieties. In this paper we will also mention the considerable diversity that exists for traditional female clothing, namely where the main types include form-fitting and loose-fitting clothing which are “lidhce dhe merhame”that are used in the village of Zogaj and are similar to the traditional attire of Reka, as well, as the with the “xhublete” worn in Nikaj-Mertur in the villages of Ragam and Valbone. We will also focus on the similarities in these types of clothing that are found throughout the region of highland of norther Albania. Highland of Gjakova traditionally known for inploying a wide variety of female popular folk clothing, and to the extend that it could be posited that all the types of Highland of norther Albania are represented. The decorative elements of the female traditional clothing is particularly noteworthy, such as in regards to the complexity of the patterns on the headscarves which are usually multi-colored, as well as the manner in whitch they are used on different parts of the body. In this paper we will also discuss various characteristics components of traditional male clothing, such as form-fitting tirq incuding their various colors and shades, shirts, vest, scarves, caps; traditional children’s folk costumes whitch will be compared to those of their adult counter parts, but as simplified and practical versions given age-appropriateness, will also be mentioned. This paper will also present various traditions associated with such folk costumes, the decorative elements on the textiles, including the colors, the contrastive desgnes, and distinctive components, as well as regional similarities. Keywords: Symbolic folk costumes, symbolic elements in traditional clothing, types and varieties of folk costumes, ornamental and decorative clothing.
在论文的开头，我们介绍了传统的服装和纺织品，这些服装和纺织品有着古老的起源，例如Nikaj Merturi的女xhublete;白色和深棕色的tirq;白帽子(plis)，这是阿尔巴尼亚北部和科索沃以及马其顿阿尔巴尼亚村庄最具特色的标志之一;马甲传统的男子马甲(xhamadan)，装饰有黑色条纹。我们还将讨论各种类型的紧身和宽松的传统女性服装。传统服装将分为两大类:女性和男性。在每一组中，我们将讨论各种主要形式、结构和特定类型和品种的分布。在本文中，我们还将提到传统女性服装存在的相当大的多样性，即主要类型包括在Zogaj村使用的“lidhce dhe merhame”和宽松的服装，类似于Reka的传统服装，以及在Ragam和Valbone村的Nikaj-Mertur穿的“xhublete”。我们还将重点关注在整个阿尔巴尼亚北部高地地区发现的这些类型的服装的相似之处。贾科娃高地传统上以使用各种各样的女性流行民间服装而闻名，并且可以假设阿尔巴尼亚北部所有类型的高地都有代表。女性传统服装的装饰元素尤其值得注意，例如头巾上的图案的复杂性，通常是多种颜色的，以及它们在身体不同部位的使用方式。在本文中，我们还将讨论传统男性服装的各种特征组成部分，如塑身服装，包括其各种颜色和色调，衬衫，背心，围巾，帽子;传统的儿童民间服饰将与成人服饰进行比较，但作为简化和实用的版本，考虑到年龄的适宜性，也将被提及。本文还将介绍与这种民间服装相关的各种传统，纺织品上的装饰元素，包括颜色，对比设计，独特成分以及区域相似性。关键词:象征性民俗服饰;传统服饰中的象征性元素;民俗服饰的类型和品种;
{"title":"Types and Variants of Garments and Textiles in the Highlands of Gjakova","authors":"Hajdar Danjolli","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I4.819.G1028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I4.819.G1028","url":null,"abstract":"At the onset of the paper, we are introduced to the traditional clothing and textiles which have an old origin, such as with the female xhublete of Nikaj Merturi; the white and dark brown tirq; the white cap (plis), one of the most characteristic symbols in Northern Albanian and Kosova, as well as in Albanian villages of Macedonia; the traditional vest for men (xhamadan), deocorated with black stripes. We will also disuss various types of tight and loose fitting traditional themale clothing. The traditional clothing will be divided into two major groups: female and male. Within each group we will disuss the various main forms, structures, and distributions of the specific typesand varieties. In this paper we will also mention the considerable diversity that exists for traditional female clothing, namely where the main types include form-fitting and loose-fitting clothing which are “lidhce dhe merhame”that are used in the village of Zogaj and are similar to the traditional attire of Reka, as well, as the with the “xhublete” worn in Nikaj-Mertur in the villages of Ragam and Valbone. We will also focus on the similarities in these types of clothing that are found throughout the region of highland of norther Albania. Highland of Gjakova traditionally known for inploying a wide variety of female popular folk clothing, and to the extend that it could be posited that all the types of Highland of norther Albania are represented. The decorative elements of the female traditional clothing is particularly noteworthy, such as in regards to the complexity of the patterns on the headscarves which are usually multi-colored, as well as the manner in whitch they are used on different parts of the body. In this paper we will also discuss various characteristics components of traditional male clothing, such as form-fitting tirq incuding their various colors and shades, shirts, vest, scarves, caps; traditional children’s folk costumes whitch will be compared to those of their adult counter parts, but as simplified and practical versions given age-appropriateness, will also be mentioned. This paper will also present various traditions associated with such folk costumes, the decorative elements on the textiles, including the colors, the contrastive desgnes, and distinctive components, as well as regional similarities. Keywords: Symbolic folk costumes, symbolic elements in traditional clothing, types and varieties of folk costumes, ornamental and decorative clothing.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86464116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-03DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I4.1097.G1329
Ridvan Berisha, K. Sulaj
Pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus often contaminate fresh milk produced in dairy farms. This study evaluates the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus in milk produced in 10 farms located in the regions of Ferizaj, Kosovo. Early the milk samples were tested with "California test" for mastitis. All samples confirmed positive with this test are analyzed with ISO standard method for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus couagulase positive strains. From 2013 to 2014 were analyzed one hundred and eight milk samples from individual cows showing subclinical mastitis. S. aureus strains were detected in 26/108 or 24% of milk samples. 16 out of 26 or 61.5% of pathogenic strains of S. aureus showed atypical characteristics in incubated cultures. Results confirmed the potential transmission of staphylococcal food poisoning to consumers via milk affected by subclinical mastitis, mainly when raw milk is ingested. Subclinical mastitis remain a health probem of dairy cows in Ferizaj and consequently a real threat to the customer as a result of pathogenic strains of Staphylococus aureus present in fresh milk. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, mastitis, milk, cow, Ferizaj, Kosovo.
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