An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of graded levels (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5%) of ginger in the diets of cockerel chicks on growth performance and haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Two hundred and sixty four-two week old cockerel chicks used for the trial were randomly allotted to four treatments (T 1 T 2, T 3, T 4 ) at 66 chicks per treatment, each treatment was replicated six times (11 birds per replicate). The diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous (2400kcal/kg M.E and 21% crude protein). The trial lasted for seven weeks. Results elicited that ginger supplementation at 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 % had no adverse effect on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, haemoglobin count, white blood cell count and lymphocyte count. Packed cell volume (28.0 ± 3.0%), Red blood cell count (2.2 ± 0.4 (x 10 9 /1) and urea (4.5 ± 1.7 mg dl -1 ) were significantly varied (P < 0.05); while the levels of creatinine increased significantly beyond 1.5% ginger inclusion level. Inclusion of ginger at 1.5 – 3.0% levels had no adverse effects on the growth performance and blood constituents of cockerel chicks. The use of ginger for cockerel diet is therefore advocated.
{"title":"GROWTH PERFORMANCE, HAEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF COCKEREL CHICKS FED GINGER (Zingiber officinale) ADDITIVE IN DIETS","authors":"A. Kehinde, C. Obun, M. Inuwa, Oluwafemi Babadoye","doi":"10.4314/ari.v8i2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ari.v8i2","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of graded levels (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5%) of ginger in the diets of cockerel chicks on growth performance and haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Two hundred and sixty four-two week old cockerel chicks used for the trial were randomly allotted to four treatments (T 1 T 2, T 3, T 4 ) at 66 chicks per treatment, each treatment was replicated six times (11 birds per replicate). The diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous (2400kcal/kg M.E and 21% crude protein). The trial lasted for seven weeks. Results elicited that ginger supplementation at 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 % had no adverse effect on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, haemoglobin count, white blood cell count and lymphocyte count. Packed cell volume (28.0 ± 3.0%), Red blood cell count (2.2 ± 0.4 (x 10 9 /1) and urea (4.5 ± 1.7 mg dl -1 ) were significantly varied (P < 0.05); while the levels of creatinine increased significantly beyond 1.5% ginger inclusion level. Inclusion of ginger at 1.5 – 3.0% levels had no adverse effects on the growth performance and blood constituents of cockerel chicks. The use of ginger for cockerel diet is therefore advocated.","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"47 1","pages":"1398-1404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80360644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional leafy vegetables represent inexpensive but high quality nutritional sources, for the poor segment of the population especially where malnutrition is wide spread. The objectives of this research were a) to identify and document the traditional leafy vegetables and spices of Ebonyi State, and b) to assess their nutritional values with a view of enhancing their selection as components of cooked food. Market and field surveys were carried out for traditional leafy vegetables and spices in three major clans in Ebonyi North senatorial zone, Ebonyi State: Izzi, Izhia and Ngbo clans. Informal interviews were also conducted with some indigenes on the vegetables and spices identified, including where, when and how they were obtained for sale in the markets. Finally, proximate and Mineral content analysis of three of the traditional leafy vegetables was done to know their nutritional as well as mineral content. Results identified twenty-seven traditional leafy vegetables and five spices from 23 plant families. 46.7 % of the plant collections were seen and collected from the wild, while 40 % were cultivated. 33.3 % of the leafy vegetables were tree species, 30 % were herbaceous plants, and 23 % were climbers, while 13.3 % were shrubs. 60 % of the species were propagated by seed, while 36.7 % were propagated by vegetative means. The parts consumed were mainly the leaves (76.7 %), the stem, flower and the seeds. 40 % of the materials collected were major income earners for the rural populace, 36.7 % earned some income, although small, while 23.3 % had the potential of being transformed into large scale income earner. Results also indicated that three of the vegetables analysed were good sources of micro-nutrients. Their calcium content ranged between 54.06 - 90.10 mg/100 g, while zinc and lead which are antioxidants were absent. The ash content of the three plants ranged from 8.10 - 6.30 %, while protein ranged from 5 – 10 % of fresh weight or 13 - 30% for dry weight. Their fiber (roughage) content was high and will promote digestion and prevent constipation when consumed .
{"title":"Ethnobotanical studies of traditional leafy vegetables and spices of Ebonyi State, Nigeria: Potentials for improved nutrition, food security and poverty reduction","authors":"H. Oselebe, C. Nnamani, E. Okporie","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V9I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V9I1","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional leafy vegetables represent inexpensive but high quality nutritional sources, for the poor segment of the population especially where malnutrition is wide spread. The objectives of this research were a) to identify and document the traditional leafy vegetables and spices of Ebonyi State, and b) to assess their nutritional values with a view of enhancing their selection as components of cooked food. Market and field surveys were carried out for traditional leafy vegetables and spices in three major clans in Ebonyi North senatorial zone, Ebonyi State: Izzi, Izhia and Ngbo clans. Informal interviews were also conducted with some indigenes on the vegetables and spices identified, including where, when and how they were obtained for sale in the markets. Finally, proximate and Mineral content analysis of three of the traditional leafy vegetables was done to know their nutritional as well as mineral content. Results identified twenty-seven traditional leafy vegetables and five spices from 23 plant families. 46.7 % of the plant collections were seen and collected from the wild, while 40 % were cultivated. 33.3 % of the leafy vegetables were tree species, 30 % were herbaceous plants, and 23 % were climbers, while 13.3 % were shrubs. 60 % of the species were propagated by seed, while 36.7 % were propagated by vegetative means. The parts consumed were mainly the leaves (76.7 %), the stem, flower and the seeds. 40 % of the materials collected were major income earners for the rural populace, 36.7 % earned some income, although small, while 23.3 % had the potential of being transformed into large scale income earner. Results also indicated that three of the vegetables analysed were good sources of micro-nutrients. Their calcium content ranged between 54.06 - 90.10 mg/100 g, while zinc and lead which are antioxidants were absent. The ash content of the three plants ranged from 8.10 - 6.30 %, while protein ranged from 5 – 10 % of fresh weight or 13 - 30% for dry weight. Their fiber (roughage) content was high and will promote digestion and prevent constipation when consumed .","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79732843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted to ascertain the body temperature and resting behaviours of three strains of egg-type pullet chickens (exotic [ISA brown], improved native [Alpha] and Native chickens). A total of 90 egg-type pullets aged 12 months and their day old, non-inbred progeny pullets numbering 90 were used for the study. Both the parents and their progeny were housed at 10 per pen and 3 replicates per genotype and their progeny. The parents were fed and watered ad-libitum between 52 – 63 weeks period of the experiment. The progeny of each genotype were kept for 0 – 12 weeks, during which time, chicks were fed and watered ad-libitum as in the parents and data were collected. During this period, body temperature and resting behaviour were collected with respect to the birds and their progeny. The result showed no significant (P > 0.05) genotype effects in the body temperature of both the parents and their progeny. This implies that neither progeny nor generation had effect on body temperature. The Alpha strain exhibited more resting behaviour than did the exotic and the pure native types. Majority of the birds rested in the afternoon at 2.00 pm. This could be attributed to the fact that at 2.00 pm the weather is hot and birds search for a quiet and cool place to reduce thermal stress.
{"title":"GENETIC VARIABILITIES OF BODY TEMPERATURE AND RESTING BEHAVIOUR IN THREE STRAINS OF EGG-TYPE CHICKEN","authors":"S. Nwankwo, S. Omeje, C. Ebenebe","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V9I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V9I2","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to ascertain the body temperature and resting behaviours of three strains of egg-type pullet chickens (exotic [ISA brown], improved native [Alpha] and Native chickens). A total of 90 egg-type pullets aged 12 months and their day old, non-inbred progeny pullets numbering 90 were used for the study. Both the parents and their progeny were housed at 10 per pen and 3 replicates per genotype and their progeny. The parents were fed and watered ad-libitum between 52 – 63 weeks period of the experiment. The progeny of each genotype were kept for 0 – 12 weeks, during which time, chicks were fed and watered ad-libitum as in the parents and data were collected. During this period, body temperature and resting behaviour were collected with respect to the birds and their progeny. The result showed no significant (P > 0.05) genotype effects in the body temperature of both the parents and their progeny. This implies that neither progeny nor generation had effect on body temperature. The Alpha strain exhibited more resting behaviour than did the exotic and the pure native types. Majority of the birds rested in the afternoon at 2.00 pm. This could be attributed to the fact that at 2.00 pm the weather is hot and birds search for a quiet and cool place to reduce thermal stress.","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74112996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil transmitted helminths (STHs) are known to be endemic in developing tropical countries. A study on the prevalence and risk factors associated with STHs infections among children in three selected primary schools in Ukwa East Local Government Area of Abia State was undertaken between February and July, 2012. The stool samples collected from 338 children aged 5 – 13 years in the three primary schools were analyzed using direct normal saline and formal-ether concentration technique for the presence of STHs. Closed ended pre-tested questionnaire was used for collection of data on socio-demographic and personal health habits associated with STHs. Three different helminths were observed. These included Ascaris lumbricoides (8.2%), hookworm (5.1%) and Trichuris trichiura (3.9%). Multiple infections were however observed in individuals. Of the 338 stool samples examined, 256 were infected giving a prevalence of 75.7%. The prevalence of STHs was significantly higher in males than females in age group 5 – 7 years. A. lumbricoides was the most encountered parasites in the study, while Central Primary School, Obohia recorded the highest prevalence (90.2%) of infection in the three schools sampled. The month of July (peak of the rainy season) recorded the highest prevalence rate (92.9%). Those who defecated in bushes and other unhygienic places had the highest infection of 89.9%, while those that had water closet had the least infection of 40.5%. Those that used wells and streams as main source of water had an infection of 96.9%. Inadequate basic social amenities have contributed to the spread of parasite in the area. Government should make available the much needed amenities to the populace to alleviate the spread of the diseases in the study area and should also create public awareness on the dangers of the disease.
{"title":"Prevalence of helminthiasis among school children in some rural communities of Abia state, Nigeria","authors":"E. C. Amaechi, C. Ohaeri, O. M. Ukpai","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V10I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V10I3","url":null,"abstract":"Soil transmitted helminths (STHs) are known to be endemic in developing tropical countries. A study on the prevalence and risk factors associated with STHs infections among children in three selected primary schools in Ukwa East Local Government Area of Abia State was undertaken between February and July, 2012. The stool samples collected from 338 children aged 5 – 13 years in the three primary schools were analyzed using direct normal saline and formal-ether concentration technique for the presence of STHs. Closed ended pre-tested questionnaire was used for collection of data on socio-demographic and personal health habits associated with STHs. Three different helminths were observed. These included Ascaris lumbricoides (8.2%), hookworm (5.1%) and Trichuris trichiura (3.9%). Multiple infections were however observed in individuals. Of the 338 stool samples examined, 256 were infected giving a prevalence of 75.7%. The prevalence of STHs was significantly higher in males than females in age group 5 – 7 years. A. lumbricoides was the most encountered parasites in the study, while Central Primary School, Obohia recorded the highest prevalence (90.2%) of infection in the three schools sampled. The month of July (peak of the rainy season) recorded the highest prevalence rate (92.9%). Those who defecated in bushes and other unhygienic places had the highest infection of 89.9%, while those that had water closet had the least infection of 40.5%. Those that used wells and streams as main source of water had an infection of 96.9%. Inadequate basic social amenities have contributed to the spread of parasite in the area. Government should make available the much needed amenities to the populace to alleviate the spread of the diseases in the study area and should also create public awareness on the dangers of the disease.","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"8 7 1","pages":"1817-1825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73818858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Histological techniques were employed to provide detailed information on the histological features of haemal nodes in piglets and adult pig. Ten pigs were used for this study. The result demonstrated progressive changes in the structure of porcine haemal nodes. The capsule and trabeculae of piglet haemal nodes exhibited dense irregular connective tissues with reticular cells and smooth muscle cells. The cortex was more central while the medulla was peripheral with poorly defined boundaries. However, the sinusoids contained less densely packed erythrocytes. In adult pigs, haemal nodes demonstrated capsules composed of loose irregular connective tissue, fat cells, and mostly reticular cells while the trabeculae showed dense irregular connective tissues with reticular cells and smooth muscle cells. The atypical cortex and medulla of adult pig haemal nodes were distinct. The paracortex of adult pig haemal node showed high endothelial venules and the sinusoids contained densely packed erythrocytes. Afferent lymphatics, efferent lymphatics, blood vessels and veins were observed in the haemal nodes of piglets and adult pigs. Finally, the present study has provided essential information on the structural features of haemal nodes in piglets and adult pigs, revealing its atypical nature, and probable roles of blood storage, erythrophagocytosis and immune functions.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENTAL FEATURES OF PORCINE HAEMAL NODES: A HISTOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE","authors":"A. Udoumoh, D. Ezeasor","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V12I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V12I3","url":null,"abstract":"Histological techniques were employed to provide detailed information on the histological features of haemal nodes in piglets and adult pig. Ten pigs were used for this study. The result demonstrated progressive changes in the structure of porcine haemal nodes. The capsule and trabeculae of piglet haemal nodes exhibited dense irregular connective tissues with reticular cells and smooth muscle cells. The cortex was more central while the medulla was peripheral with poorly defined boundaries. However, the sinusoids contained less densely packed erythrocytes. In adult pigs, haemal nodes demonstrated capsules composed of loose irregular connective tissue, fat cells, and mostly reticular cells while the trabeculae showed dense irregular connective tissues with reticular cells and smooth muscle cells. The atypical cortex and medulla of adult pig haemal nodes were distinct. The paracortex of adult pig haemal node showed high endothelial venules and the sinusoids contained densely packed erythrocytes. Afferent lymphatics, efferent lymphatics, blood vessels and veins were observed in the haemal nodes of piglets and adult pigs. Finally, the present study has provided essential information on the structural features of haemal nodes in piglets and adult pigs, revealing its atypical nature, and probable roles of blood storage, erythrophagocytosis and immune functions.","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"45 1","pages":"2241-2248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74017055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelvin Ebere Omelonye, C. Okolo, D. D. Nwibo, C. Chukwuka, Mirabel Ifeyinwa Nwibo, P. Ubachukwu
Two months preliminary survey of the prevalence of diarrhoea among children (aged 5 – 10 years) was carried out in Nsukka area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Questionnaires were used to obtain information on the demographic details of the parents and children, prevalence, management and control of diarrhoea among children of this age group. These were distributed to parents of the children used for the study. Using Pearson's correlation coefficient , we found that diarrhoea among children of this age was neither correlated with residential location (r = -0.47, p = 0.652), occupation of the parent (r = 0.134, p = 0.194) nor sex of the child (r = 0.092, p = 0.377). However, the educational level of the parents was correlated with childhood diarrhoea (r = 0.346, p = 0.001). These results suggested that the children of less educated people were more prone to diarrhoeal infection when compared to children of the more educated counterparts.
在尼日利亚埃努古州的恩苏卡地区对儿童(5 - 10岁)腹泻流行率进行了为期两个月的初步调查。调查问卷用于获取父母和儿童的人口统计细节、该年龄组儿童腹泻的流行情况、管理和控制等信息。这些被分发给了参与研究的孩子的父母。使用Pearson相关系数，我们发现该年龄段儿童的腹泻与居住地(r = -0.47, p = 0.652)、父母职业(r = 0.134, p = 0.194)和儿童性别(r = 0.092, p = 0.377)无关。父母文化程度与儿童腹泻相关(r = 0.346, p = 0.001)。这些结果表明，与受教育程度较高的人的孩子相比，受教育程度较低的人的孩子更容易感染腹泻。
{"title":"Prevalence and management of diarrhoea among children in Nsukka, Nigeria","authors":"Kelvin Ebere Omelonye, C. Okolo, D. D. Nwibo, C. Chukwuka, Mirabel Ifeyinwa Nwibo, P. Ubachukwu","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V12I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V12I1","url":null,"abstract":"Two months preliminary survey of the prevalence of diarrhoea among children (aged 5 – 10 years) was carried out in Nsukka area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Questionnaires were used to obtain information on the demographic details of the parents and children, prevalence, management and control of diarrhoea among children of this age group. These were distributed to parents of the children used for the study. Using Pearson's correlation coefficient , we found that diarrhoea among children of this age was neither correlated with residential location (r = -0.47, p = 0.652), occupation of the parent (r = 0.134, p = 0.194) nor sex of the child (r = 0.092, p = 0.377). However, the educational level of the parents was correlated with childhood diarrhoea (r = 0.346, p = 0.001). These results suggested that the children of less educated people were more prone to diarrhoeal infection when compared to children of the more educated counterparts.","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"174 1","pages":"2107-2113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72791340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin Igho Igbinosa, J. I. Izegaegbe, F. Okafor, David Ayowie Uhunwangho
The survey for freshwater snails in streams, rivers and a lake in Ovia Southwest LGA of Edo State, Nigeria was carried out from June to November, 2013. Samples were collected by using sweep-net and by hand picking of snails within the open water habitat, at marginal areas and on submerged vegetation at edges of the habitats. A total number of 579 individual snails belonging to 6 families, Ampullariidae ( Lanistes varicus ), Mutelidae ( Aspatharia subreniformis ), Thiaridae ( Melanoides tuberculata ), Bulimlidae ( Bulimulus teniussimus, Drymaeus multilineatus ), Bithyniidae ( Gabbiella humerosa ), Hygrniidae ( Monacha catiana ) were collected. In terms of number and distribution, the Lanistes varicus was the most dominant species consisting of 258(44.6%) of the total number of snails collected. 330(56.9%) number of snails were collected from the open water, 209(36.1%) in the marginal areas and 40(6.9%) on submerged vegetation. Keywords : Freshwater snails, Ampullariidae, Mutelidae, Thiaridae, Bulimlidae, Bithyniidae, Hygrniidae, Submerged vegetation, Ovia, Edo State, Nigeria
{"title":"Ecological survey of freshwater ecosystems of Ovia, Edo state Nigeria for gastropod molluscs","authors":"Benjamin Igho Igbinosa, J. I. Izegaegbe, F. Okafor, David Ayowie Uhunwangho","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V12I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V12I2","url":null,"abstract":"The survey for freshwater snails in streams, rivers and a lake in Ovia Southwest LGA of Edo State, Nigeria was carried out from June to November, 2013. Samples were collected by using sweep-net and by hand picking of snails within the open water habitat, at marginal areas and on submerged vegetation at edges of the habitats. A total number of 579 individual snails belonging to 6 families, Ampullariidae ( Lanistes varicus ), Mutelidae ( Aspatharia subreniformis ), Thiaridae ( Melanoides tuberculata ), Bulimlidae ( Bulimulus teniussimus, Drymaeus multilineatus ), Bithyniidae ( Gabbiella humerosa ), Hygrniidae ( Monacha catiana ) were collected. In terms of number and distribution, the Lanistes varicus was the most dominant species consisting of 258(44.6%) of the total number of snails collected. 330(56.9%) number of snails were collected from the open water, 209(36.1%) in the marginal areas and 40(6.9%) on submerged vegetation. Keywords : Freshwater snails, Ampullariidae, Mutelidae, Thiaridae, Bulimlidae, Bithyniidae, Hygrniidae, Submerged vegetation, Ovia, Edo State, Nigeria","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"24 1","pages":"2171-2177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78448793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The parasitic load on houseflies ( Musca domestica ) in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike was investigated, with the view to finding out the public health implications for the university community. A total of 544 houseflies were captured and examined for parasitic loads, using concentration/floating technique for detection of parasites. The highest fly abundance recorded was 302, captured from the farm centre, followed by 219 captured from the hostel; the lowest was 23 captured from the canteen. Parasite species found were all helminthes as represented by Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus and Fasciola hepatica , all in ova form. Ascaris lumbricoides had the highest percentage prevalence of 54.54%, followed by Necator americanus 42.42%, and Fasciola hepatica 3.03%. A simple chi square test was carried out and the results indicated a significance difference in the prevalence of flies and parasites recovered from the sites. Based on this, it is therefore recommended that health education -on the dangers of being infected, mode of transmission of these parasites and prevention-should be intensified within the university to avert possible disease outbreak. Keywords : Houseflies, Parasitic load, Public health, Helminths, Health education
{"title":"Housefly-borne helminth parasites of Mouau and its public health implication for the university community","authors":"E. Onyenwe, O. Okore, P. C. Ubiaru, Chika Abel","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V13I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V13I1","url":null,"abstract":"The parasitic load on houseflies ( Musca domestica ) in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike was investigated, with the view to finding out the public health implications for the university community. A total of 544 houseflies were captured and examined for parasitic loads, using concentration/floating technique for detection of parasites. The highest fly abundance recorded was 302, captured from the farm centre, followed by 219 captured from the hostel; the lowest was 23 captured from the canteen. Parasite species found were all helminthes as represented by Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus and Fasciola hepatica , all in ova form. Ascaris lumbricoides had the highest percentage prevalence of 54.54%, followed by Necator americanus 42.42%, and Fasciola hepatica 3.03%. A simple chi square test was carried out and the results indicated a significance difference in the prevalence of flies and parasites recovered from the sites. Based on this, it is therefore recommended that health education -on the dangers of being infected, mode of transmission of these parasites and prevention-should be intensified within the university to avert possible disease outbreak. Keywords : Houseflies, Parasitic load, Public health, Helminths, Health education","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"13 1","pages":"2352-2358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87157545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Laryea, B. Emikpe, V. ATTOH-KOTOKU, D. Asare, N. T. Asenso
The study was conducted on pigs slaughtered at Kumasi abattoir to determine the occurrence and nature of foreign bodies in the stomach of pigs. A total of 75 pig stomachs were randomly selected from pig slaughtered within the five month period and 20 out of 75 (26.67 %) were found to contain foreign bodies. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between sex, age and prevalence bodies in the stomach of pigs, though pigs less than one year had more ingested foreign bodies (10.7 %). Analysis of 20 pigs positive for foreign bodies in the stomach revealed that plastics (polythene bags) was the most prevalent (14.67 %), followed by bristles (6.67%), stones (2.67%) and almond seeds (2.67%). Lack of proper management system and improper waste disposal particularly of plastic materials seems to play a major role towards the frequent occurrence of foreign body in pig stomachs. Therefore, proper disposal of wastes from households should be given the needed attention. Veterinarians and animal health workers should also be aware of this condition in pigs in Kumasi. Keywords : Slaughtered pigs, Ingested foreign bodies, Stomach content analysis, Kumasi, Ghana
{"title":"Prevalence of foreign bodies in stomach of pigs slaughtered at the Kumasi Abattoir, Ghana","authors":"M. Laryea, B. Emikpe, V. ATTOH-KOTOKU, D. Asare, N. T. Asenso","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V13I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V13I2","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted on pigs slaughtered at Kumasi abattoir to determine the occurrence and nature of foreign bodies in the stomach of pigs. A total of 75 pig stomachs were randomly selected from pig slaughtered within the five month period and 20 out of 75 (26.67 %) were found to contain foreign bodies. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between sex, age and prevalence bodies in the stomach of pigs, though pigs less than one year had more ingested foreign bodies (10.7 %). Analysis of 20 pigs positive for foreign bodies in the stomach revealed that plastics (polythene bags) was the most prevalent (14.67 %), followed by bristles (6.67%), stones (2.67%) and almond seeds (2.67%). Lack of proper management system and improper waste disposal particularly of plastic materials seems to play a major role towards the frequent occurrence of foreign body in pig stomachs. Therefore, proper disposal of wastes from households should be given the needed attention. Veterinarians and animal health workers should also be aware of this condition in pigs in Kumasi. Keywords : Slaughtered pigs, Ingested foreign bodies, Stomach content analysis, Kumasi, Ghana","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"14 1","pages":"2400-2403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86607256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to investigate the proximate composition of Brycinus nurse from Alau Lake in Maiduguri, Nigeria at different periods of the year (wet season, dry season and harmattan periods). The moisture, protein, fat and ash contents, crude fibre and dry matter were determined using the international accepted methods of AOAC for the analysis. The average moisture content for periods varied from 62.50 to 71.36 % with wet season having the highest value followed by harmattan period and least in dry season. The protein content ranges from 14.00 to 32.56 % with dry season with the highest value, followed by harmattan period and wet season had the least value. The fat content for harmattan period was 40.00 % as the highest followed by wet season 23.00 % and least in dry season 10.00%. The ash content wet season 1.5% was the highest value and dry season and harmattan period I.0 % was least. Crude fibre was highest in harmattan period 45.00 %, followed by dry season 29.00 % and wet season was least at 23.00 %. Dry matter was highest in dry season 37.50 %, followed by harmattan period 36.68 % and wet season had the least value of 28.00 %. However, statistical analysis showed no significant difference at p˂0.05 level of significance. Conclusively, the period of year has effect on the proximate composition of Brycinus nurse in Alau Lake. Keywords: Moisture, Protein, Ash, Season, Rainy, Heat, Harmattan, Nurse tetra, Alau Lake, Maiduguri
{"title":"SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF NURSE TETRA (BRYCINUS NURSE) FROM ALAU LAKE MAIDUGURI, NIGERIA","authors":"M. M. Bello, O. Oyelese","doi":"10.4314/ARI.V13I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ARI.V13I3","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the proximate composition of Brycinus nurse from Alau Lake in Maiduguri, Nigeria at different periods of the year (wet season, dry season and harmattan periods). The moisture, protein, fat and ash contents, crude fibre and dry matter were determined using the international accepted methods of AOAC for the analysis. The average moisture content for periods varied from 62.50 to 71.36 % with wet season having the highest value followed by harmattan period and least in dry season. The protein content ranges from 14.00 to 32.56 % with dry season with the highest value, followed by harmattan period and wet season had the least value. The fat content for harmattan period was 40.00 % as the highest followed by wet season 23.00 % and least in dry season 10.00%. The ash content wet season 1.5% was the highest value and dry season and harmattan period I.0 % was least. Crude fibre was highest in harmattan period 45.00 %, followed by dry season 29.00 % and wet season was least at 23.00 %. Dry matter was highest in dry season 37.50 %, followed by harmattan period 36.68 % and wet season had the least value of 28.00 %. However, statistical analysis showed no significant difference at p˂0.05 level of significance. Conclusively, the period of year has effect on the proximate composition of Brycinus nurse in Alau Lake. Keywords: Moisture, Protein, Ash, Season, Rainy, Heat, Harmattan, Nurse tetra, Alau Lake, Maiduguri","PeriodicalId":7872,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research International","volume":"1467 1","pages":"2470-2474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86502118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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