Katie M. Applebaum, Abay Asfaw, Paul K. O'Leary, Matthew P. Fox, Yorghos Tripodis, Andrew Busey, Jaimie L. Gradus, Leslie I. Boden
Introduction
Occupational injuries have been associated with increased suicide mortality, but prior studies have not accounted for pre-injury depression.
Methods
We linked injuries that occurred from 1994 to 2000 in the Washington State workers' compensation system with Social Security Administration data on earnings and mortality through 2018. We estimated the subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) and 95% confidence interval using competing risks regression of suicide deaths with lost time compared with medical-only injuries separately for men and women, adjusting for age, pre-injury annual earnings, and industry. We further adjusted for pre-injury diagnosis of major depressive disorder by using a quantitative bias analysis (QBA), with the prevalence of this disorder in workers derived from an external health insurance claims data set.
Results
Elevated suicide mortality was observed following lost-time injuries compared with medical-only injuries for men (sHR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.14, 1.93]) and women (sHR = 1.30, 95% CI [1.00, 1.69]), adjusting for age, pre-injury earnings, and industry. Adjusted for pre-injury depression using a QBA, elevated suicide risk in men remained statistically significant (median sHR = 1.33, simulation interval [1.18, 1.47]) but not for women.
Discussion
Workplace injury requiring time off work appeared to remain influential in increasing suicide risk among men, even after controlling for pre-injury depression. The relationship between mental health before and after occupational injury is complex and studies should better integrate mental health pre-injury.
Conclusions
Though many questions remain on the complex relationship between work, depression, injuries, and suicide, employers should work to prevent injuries and consider implementing mental health programs, which could be helpful in reducing suicide risk.
{"title":"Occupational Injury and Suicide in Washington State, Adjusting for Pre-Injury Depression","authors":"Katie M. Applebaum, Abay Asfaw, Paul K. O'Leary, Matthew P. Fox, Yorghos Tripodis, Andrew Busey, Jaimie L. Gradus, Leslie I. Boden","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23682","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23682","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occupational injuries have been associated with increased suicide mortality, but prior studies have not accounted for pre-injury depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We linked injuries that occurred from 1994 to 2000 in the Washington State workers' compensation system with Social Security Administration data on earnings and mortality through 2018. We estimated the subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) and 95% confidence interval using competing risks regression of suicide deaths with lost time compared with medical-only injuries separately for men and women, adjusting for age, pre-injury annual earnings, and industry. We further adjusted for pre-injury diagnosis of major depressive disorder by using a quantitative bias analysis (QBA), with the prevalence of this disorder in workers derived from an external health insurance claims data set.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated suicide mortality was observed following lost-time injuries compared with medical-only injuries for men (sHR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.14, 1.93]) and women (sHR = 1.30, 95% CI [1.00, 1.69]), adjusting for age, pre-injury earnings, and industry. Adjusted for pre-injury depression using a QBA, elevated suicide risk in men remained statistically significant (median sHR = 1.33, simulation interval [1.18, 1.47]) but not for women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Workplace injury requiring time off work appeared to remain influential in increasing suicide risk among men, even after controlling for pre-injury depression. The relationship between mental health before and after occupational injury is complex and studies should better integrate mental health pre-injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Though many questions remain on the complex relationship between work, depression, injuries, and suicide, employers should work to prevent injuries and consider implementing mental health programs, which could be helpful in reducing suicide risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"122-131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) certification programs have the potential to improve workplace health and safety. In Canada, the Certificate of Recognition (COR) program is an example of such program and has been introduced in many industries and provinces. This study's objective was to identify whether the implementation of the COR program led to greater reduction in firm work-related injuries in Alberta, Canada.
Methods
Using firm- and claim-level data from the Workers' Compensation Board of Alberta and COR registration data from Government of Alberta, the effect of becoming COR-certified on firm-level injury rates was assessed using a matched difference-in-differences study design with population-averaged negative binomial regression models.
Results
A total of 14,377 certified firms were matched with 11,338 non-certified firms during the years 2000 to 2015. Firms that became certified had a greater reduction in the lost-time injury rate (IRR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.83−0.88) and disabling injury rate (IRR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94−1.00) relative to the change in injury rates among similar non-certified firms. The effectiveness of OHSMS certification was strongest in the transportation, manufacturing and trade sectors, in more recent years, and among firms certified using the standard COR program as opposed to the program adapted for small employers.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that COR can be an effective program, but that the effectiveness of this program is dependent on the context in which it is implemented, such as the industry sector, time period, and type of audit program.
背景：职业健康和安全管理体系（OHSMS）认证项目有潜力改善工作场所的健康和安全。在加拿大，认证证书（COR）计划是此类计划的一个例子，并已在许多行业和省份引入。本研究的目的是确定是否COR方案的实施导致在阿尔伯塔省，加拿大公司工伤更大的减少。方法：使用阿尔伯塔省工人补偿委员会的公司和索赔级数据以及阿尔伯塔省政府的COR注册数据，使用匹配的差异中差研究设计和人口平均负二项回归模型评估获得COR认证对公司级伤害率的影响。结果：2000年至2015年间，共有14377家认证公司与11338家非认证公司进行了匹配。相对于类似的未认证公司的伤害率变化，获得认证的公司在损失时间伤害率（IRR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.83-0.88）和致残伤害率（IRR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-1.00）方面有更大的降低。近年来，职业健康管理体系（OHSMS）认证的有效性在运输、制造和贸易领域最为显著，在使用标准COR计划（而不是适用于小型雇主的计划）获得认证的公司中也是如此。结论：研究结果表明，COR可以是一个有效的程序，但该程序的有效性取决于其实施的背景，如行业部门，时间段和审计程序的类型。
{"title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System Certification Program on Firm Work Injury Rates in Alberta, Canada","authors":"Christopher B. McLeod, Robert A. Macpherson","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23690","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23690","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) certification programs have the potential to improve workplace health and safety. In Canada, the Certificate of Recognition (COR) program is an example of such program and has been introduced in many industries and provinces. This study's objective was to identify whether the implementation of the COR program led to greater reduction in firm work-related injuries in Alberta, Canada.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using firm- and claim-level data from the Workers' Compensation Board of Alberta and COR registration data from Government of Alberta, the effect of becoming COR-certified on firm-level injury rates was assessed using a matched difference-in-differences study design with population-averaged negative binomial regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 14,377 certified firms were matched with 11,338 non-certified firms during the years 2000 to 2015. Firms that became certified had a greater reduction in the lost-time injury rate (IRR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.83−0.88) and disabling injury rate (IRR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94−1.00) relative to the change in injury rates among similar non-certified firms. The effectiveness of OHSMS certification was strongest in the transportation, manufacturing and trade sectors, in more recent years, and among firms certified using the standard COR program as opposed to the program adapted for small employers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings suggest that COR can be an effective program, but that the effectiveness of this program is dependent on the context in which it is implemented, such as the industry sector, time period, and type of audit program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frank D. Mann, Alexandra K. Mueller, Rachel Zeig-Owens, Jaeun Choi, David J. Prezant, Melissa M. Carr, Alicia M. Fels, Christina M. Hennington, Megan P. Armstrong, Alissa Barber, Ashley E. Fontana, Cassandra H. Kroll, Kevin Chow, Onix A. Melendez, Abigail J. Smith, Christopher Christodoulou, Benjamin J. Luft, Charles B. Hall, Sean A. P. Clouston
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>The emergency personnel who responded to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks endured severe occupational exposures, yet the prevalence of cognitive impairment remains unknown among WTC-exposed-FDNY-responders. The present study screened for mild and severe cognitive impairment in WTC-exposed FDNY responders using objective tests, compared prevalence rates to a cohort of non-FDNY WTC-exposed responders, and descriptively to meta-analytic estimates of MCI from global, community, and clinical populations.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A sample of WTC-exposed-FDNY responders (<i>n</i> = 343) was recruited to complete an extensive battery of cognitive, psychological, and physical tests. The prevalences of domain-specific impairments were estimated based on the results of norm-referenced tests, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Jak/Bondi criteria, Petersen criteria, and the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria were used to diagnose MCI. NIA-AA criteria were also used to diagnose severe cognitive impairment. Generalized linear models and propensity score matching were used to compare prevalence estimates of cognitive impairment to a large sample of WTC-exposed-non-FDNY responders from the General Responder Cohort (GRC; <i>n</i> = 7102) who completed the MoCA during a similar time frame.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Result</h3> <p>Among FDNY responders under 65 years, the unadjusted prevalence of MCI varied from 52.57% to 60.32% depending on the operational definition of MCI, apart from using a conservative cut-off applied to MoCA total scores (18 < MoCA < 23), which yielded a markedly lower crude prevalence (24.31%) compared to alternative criteria. Using propensity score matching, the prevalence of MCI was significantly higher among WTC-exposed FDNY responders, compared to WTC-exposed GRC responders (adjusted <i>RR</i> = 1.13 (CI 95% = 1.07–1.20, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and descriptively higher than meta-analytic estimates from different global, community, and clinical populations. Following NIA-AA diagnostic guidelines, 4.96% of WTC-exposed-FDNY-responders met the criteria for severe impairments (95% CI = 2.91–7.82), a prevalence that remained largely unchanged after excluding responders over the age of 65 years.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Discussion</h3> <p>There is a high prevalence of mild and severe cognitive impairment among WTC-responders, highlighting the putative role of occupational, environmental, and disaster-related exposures in the etiology of accelerated cognitive decline.</p> </section> </di
{"title":"Prevalence of Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment in World Trade Center Exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) and General Emergency Responders","authors":"Frank D. Mann, Alexandra K. Mueller, Rachel Zeig-Owens, Jaeun Choi, David J. Prezant, Melissa M. Carr, Alicia M. Fels, Christina M. Hennington, Megan P. Armstrong, Alissa Barber, Ashley E. Fontana, Cassandra H. Kroll, Kevin Chow, Onix A. Melendez, Abigail J. Smith, Christopher Christodoulou, Benjamin J. Luft, Charles B. Hall, Sean A. P. Clouston","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23685","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23685","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The emergency personnel who responded to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks endured severe occupational exposures, yet the prevalence of cognitive impairment remains unknown among WTC-exposed-FDNY-responders. The present study screened for mild and severe cognitive impairment in WTC-exposed FDNY responders using objective tests, compared prevalence rates to a cohort of non-FDNY WTC-exposed responders, and descriptively to meta-analytic estimates of MCI from global, community, and clinical populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sample of WTC-exposed-FDNY responders (<i>n</i> = 343) was recruited to complete an extensive battery of cognitive, psychological, and physical tests. The prevalences of domain-specific impairments were estimated based on the results of norm-referenced tests, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Jak/Bondi criteria, Petersen criteria, and the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria were used to diagnose MCI. NIA-AA criteria were also used to diagnose severe cognitive impairment. Generalized linear models and propensity score matching were used to compare prevalence estimates of cognitive impairment to a large sample of WTC-exposed-non-FDNY responders from the General Responder Cohort (GRC; <i>n</i> = 7102) who completed the MoCA during a similar time frame.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among FDNY responders under 65 years, the unadjusted prevalence of MCI varied from 52.57% to 60.32% depending on the operational definition of MCI, apart from using a conservative cut-off applied to MoCA total scores (18 < MoCA < 23), which yielded a markedly lower crude prevalence (24.31%) compared to alternative criteria. Using propensity score matching, the prevalence of MCI was significantly higher among WTC-exposed FDNY responders, compared to WTC-exposed GRC responders (adjusted <i>RR</i> = 1.13 (CI 95% = 1.07–1.20, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and descriptively higher than meta-analytic estimates from different global, community, and clinical populations. Following NIA-AA diagnostic guidelines, 4.96% of WTC-exposed-FDNY-responders met the criteria for severe impairments (95% CI = 2.91–7.82), a prevalence that remained largely unchanged after excluding responders over the age of 65 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a high prevalence of mild and severe cognitive impairment among WTC-responders, highlighting the putative role of occupational, environmental, and disaster-related exposures in the etiology of accelerated cognitive decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </di","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"160-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julie Vanderleyden, Trevor Peckham, Rebeka Balogh, Deborah De Moortel
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>The typological approach of the employment quality (EQ) framework offers a comprehensive lens for assessing the heterogeneity of employment experiences while concurrently acknowledging associated health risk factors. EQ incorporates multiple employment characteristics—such as working hours, wages and benefits, and union representation, among others—where standard employment relationship (SER)-like (or high EQ) features are distinguished from nonstandard features (low EQ). Low EQ features are known to relate negatively to health outcomes. Addressing limitations from previous cross-sectional studies, we contribute to longitudinal research on the link between EQ and self-rated general health in the United States. Our objectives are: (1) to investigate the association between baseline EQ and poor self-rated general health 3 years later; and (2) to examine the relation between poor self-rated health and: (a) transitioning from low EQ to SER-like employment (the scarring hypothesis); (b) transitioning from SER-like employment to low EQ (the initial-impact hypothesis); and (c) consistent low EQ status (for example, the dose–response hypothesis).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Using the American Working Conditions Survey (AWCS), baseline and follow-up data on employees' self-rated health was collected (<i>N</i> = 1109). An EQ typology with five categories was created via latent class cluster analysis: SER-like, Instrumental, Precarious Unsustainable, Portfolio; and Precarious Intensive employment. Each EQ segment represents a unique combination of EQ features, with SER-like and Portfolio employment reflecting overall high EQ, while Instrumental, Precarious Unsustainable, and Precarious Intensive reflect varieties of low EQ constellations. We used lagged Poisson regression to link baseline EQ to follow-up self-rated health and Poisson regression to analyze multiple EQ paths between baseline and follow-up and their association with health.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Precarious Unsustainable and Instrumental employment at baseline associated significantly with poor self-rated general health at follow-up. Transitioning from SER-like employment to a low-EQ segment was linked to an increased risk of poor self-rated general health, confirming the initial-impact hypothesis. No evidence was found for the scarring hypothesis. Consistent Instrumental and Precarious Unsustainable employment were both associated with poorer health, underlining the importance of the dose-response effect.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>Enhancing EQ is crucial for public health,
背景：就业质量（EQ）框架的类型学方法为评估就业经历的异质性提供了一个全面的视角，同时承认相关的健康风险因素。情商包含了多种雇佣特征，比如工作时间、工资和福利、工会代表等，其中标准雇佣关系（SER）（或高情商）特征与非标准雇佣关系（低情商）特征区别开来。众所周知，低情商与健康结果有负相关。为了解决以往横断面研究的局限性，我们在美国对情商与自评总体健康之间的联系进行了纵向研究。我们的目标是：(1)调查基线情商与3年后自评总体健康状况不佳之间的关系；(2)检验自评健康状况差与以下因素之间的关系：(a)从低情商向类似ser的就业过渡（疤痕假说）；(b)从ser型就业向低情商过渡（初始影响假说）；(c)一致的低EQ状态（例如，剂量-反应假设）。方法：采用美国工作条件调查（American Working Conditions Survey， AWCS），收集员工自评健康的基线和随访数据（N = 1109）。通过潜在类聚类分析，创建了一个包含五个类别的EQ类型：SER-like， Instrumental, Precarious non - sustainable, Portfolio；不稳定的密集型就业。每个EQ部分都代表了EQ特征的独特组合，ser型和Portfolio型就业反映了整体的高EQ，而工具型、不稳定的不可持续型和不稳定的密集型反映了各种低EQ星座。我们使用滞后泊松回归将基线情商与随访者自评健康联系起来，并使用泊松回归分析了基线和随访者之间的多重情商路径及其与健康的关系。结果：基线时的不稳定、不可持续和工具性就业与随访时自我评价的一般健康状况不佳显著相关。从类似ser的工作过渡到低情商的工作阶段，与自我评估总体健康状况不佳的风险增加有关，证实了初始影响假说。没有证据支持疤痕假说。持续的工具性就业和不稳定的不可持续就业都与较差的健康状况有关，强调了剂量反应效应的重要性。结论：提高情商对公共卫生至关重要，特别是在美国福利规定有限的情况下。改善情商的政策和立法措施可以促进更好的健康结果，减少工作人口中的健康差距。
{"title":"Employment Quality and Self-Rated General Health in the United States: A 3-Year Observational Follow-Up Study","authors":"Julie Vanderleyden, Trevor Peckham, Rebeka Balogh, Deborah De Moortel","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23684","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23684","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The typological approach of the employment quality (EQ) framework offers a comprehensive lens for assessing the heterogeneity of employment experiences while concurrently acknowledging associated health risk factors. EQ incorporates multiple employment characteristics—such as working hours, wages and benefits, and union representation, among others—where standard employment relationship (SER)-like (or high EQ) features are distinguished from nonstandard features (low EQ). Low EQ features are known to relate negatively to health outcomes. Addressing limitations from previous cross-sectional studies, we contribute to longitudinal research on the link between EQ and self-rated general health in the United States. Our objectives are: (1) to investigate the association between baseline EQ and poor self-rated general health 3 years later; and (2) to examine the relation between poor self-rated health and: (a) transitioning from low EQ to SER-like employment (the scarring hypothesis); (b) transitioning from SER-like employment to low EQ (the initial-impact hypothesis); and (c) consistent low EQ status (for example, the dose–response hypothesis).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the American Working Conditions Survey (AWCS), baseline and follow-up data on employees' self-rated health was collected (<i>N</i> = 1109). An EQ typology with five categories was created via latent class cluster analysis: SER-like, Instrumental, Precarious Unsustainable, Portfolio; and Precarious Intensive employment. Each EQ segment represents a unique combination of EQ features, with SER-like and Portfolio employment reflecting overall high EQ, while Instrumental, Precarious Unsustainable, and Precarious Intensive reflect varieties of low EQ constellations. We used lagged Poisson regression to link baseline EQ to follow-up self-rated health and Poisson regression to analyze multiple EQ paths between baseline and follow-up and their association with health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Precarious Unsustainable and Instrumental employment at baseline associated significantly with poor self-rated general health at follow-up. Transitioning from SER-like employment to a low-EQ segment was linked to an increased risk of poor self-rated general health, confirming the initial-impact hypothesis. No evidence was found for the scarring hypothesis. Consistent Instrumental and Precarious Unsustainable employment were both associated with poorer health, underlining the importance of the dose-response effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Enhancing EQ is crucial for public health, ","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"140-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kitty J. Hendricks, Scott A. Hendricks, Suzanne M. Marsh
Women represent a substantial portion of the US workforce. However, injury and fatality rates for female workers have, historically, remained lower than rates for male workers. Fatal occupational data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) and nonfatal injury data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System—Occupational Supplement (NEISS-Work) for the years 1998–2022 were examined to produce rate ratios of male to female fatal and nonfatal occupational injury rates for all workers in the United States. Auto-regressive linear models were developed to analyze rate ratios by sex for fatal and nonfatal occupational injuries by age group, injury event, and select industries to determine if female occupational fatal and nonfatal injury rates were following trends comparable to male rates. Over the 25-year study period, male injury and fatality rates were consistently higher than females. Occupational fatality rates for males were more than nine times higher than female rates, and for nonfatal occupational injuries, male rates were 1.4 times higher than female rates. These analyses indicate that the differences in nonfatal injury rates by sex may be attenuating, however, the large gap by sex in workplace fatalities has remained unchanged. Occupational safety and health research with a more specific focus on these sex differences is needed to gain a clearer understanding of how sex differences affect hiring, job training, task assignment and completion, and injury risk, to identify areas where prevention efforts could be most successful.
{"title":"Workplace Injury and Death: A National Overview of Changing Trends by Sex, United States 1998–2022","authors":"Kitty J. Hendricks, Scott A. Hendricks, Suzanne M. Marsh","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23687","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23687","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women represent a substantial portion of the US workforce. However, injury and fatality rates for female workers have, historically, remained lower than rates for male workers. Fatal occupational data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) and nonfatal injury data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System—Occupational Supplement (NEISS-Work) for the years 1998–2022 were examined to produce rate ratios of male to female fatal and nonfatal occupational injury rates for all workers in the United States. Auto-regressive linear models were developed to analyze rate ratios by sex for fatal and nonfatal occupational injuries by age group, injury event, and select industries to determine if female occupational fatal and nonfatal injury rates were following trends comparable to male rates. Over the 25-year study period, male injury and fatality rates were consistently higher than females. Occupational fatality rates for males were more than nine times higher than female rates, and for nonfatal occupational injuries, male rates were 1.4 times higher than female rates. These analyses indicate that the differences in nonfatal injury rates by sex may be attenuating, however, the large gap by sex in workplace fatalities has remained unchanged. Occupational safety and health research with a more specific focus on these sex differences is needed to gain a clearer understanding of how sex differences affect hiring, job training, task assignment and completion, and injury risk, to identify areas where prevention efforts could be most successful.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marianne Cloeren, John Dement, Kian Ghorbanpoor, Sammy Almashat, William Grier, Patricia Quinn, Kim Cranford, Anna Chen, Scott Haas, Knut Ringen
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is recommended for adults aged 45 to 75. Using data from a national screening program, we examined the impact of CRC screening in a population with occupational exposures.
Methods
Since 1998, the Building Trades National Medical Screening Program (BTMed) has offered CRC screening every 3 years. Tests used were: guaiac fecal occult blood test (gFOBT), 1998–2008; high sensitivity (HS)-gFOBT, 2009–2015; and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) since 2015. Data from the National Death Index through December 31, 2021 were used to compute standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare the mortality experience of exam participants to nonparticipants. Internal analyses used Poisson regression and Cox regression to evaluation impact of CRC screening participation on CRC mortality.
Results
Participation in gFOBT was 68.2%; HS-gFOBT, 78.7%; and FIT, 85.9%. The SMR for CRC was significantly higher for BTMed exam nonparticipants (SMR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.40–2.86) than exam participants (SMR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.88–1.28). Impact of CRC screening participation on reducing CRC mortality by type of test was 2% for gFOBT, 12% for HS-FOBT, and 61% for FIT.
Discussion
This study found higher CRC screening participation than in the general population, with mortality reduction from screening similar to what is found in the general population, even though BTMed screening was conducted every 3 years rather than annually.
Conclusions
Participation in CRC screening had a significant impact on CRC mortality. Innovations in stool tests have led to greater convenience, participation, and impact, particularly for the FIT test. Occupational health practices should consider including CRC screening.
{"title":"Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening in Occupational Health Surveillance Exams Is Associated With Decreased CRC Mortality","authors":"Marianne Cloeren, John Dement, Kian Ghorbanpoor, Sammy Almashat, William Grier, Patricia Quinn, Kim Cranford, Anna Chen, Scott Haas, Knut Ringen","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23688","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23688","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is recommended for adults aged 45 to 75. Using data from a national screening program, we examined the impact of CRC screening in a population with occupational exposures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since 1998, the Building Trades National Medical Screening Program (BTMed) has offered CRC screening every 3 years. Tests used were: guaiac fecal occult blood test (gFOBT), 1998–2008; high sensitivity (HS)-gFOBT, 2009–2015; and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) since 2015. Data from the National Death Index through December 31, 2021 were used to compute standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare the mortality experience of exam participants to nonparticipants. Internal analyses used Poisson regression and Cox regression to evaluation impact of CRC screening participation on CRC mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participation in gFOBT was 68.2%; HS-gFOBT, 78.7%; and FIT, 85.9%. The SMR for CRC was significantly higher for BTMed exam nonparticipants (SMR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.40–2.86) than exam participants (SMR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.88–1.28). Impact of CRC screening participation on reducing CRC mortality by type of test was 2% for gFOBT, 12% for HS-FOBT, and 61% for FIT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study found higher CRC screening participation than in the general population, with mortality reduction from screening similar to what is found in the general population, even though BTMed screening was conducted every 3 years rather than annually.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participation in CRC screening had a significant impact on CRC mortality. Innovations in stool tests have led to greater convenience, participation, and impact, particularly for the FIT test. Occupational health practices should consider including CRC screening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"202-209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean-Michel Galarneau, Jeremy Beach, Nicola Cherry
Introduction
Respiratory ill-health in welders is well documented but without a clear indication of exposures responsible.
Methods
In a Canadian cohort study of welders and electrical workers, we collected self-reports of asthma/wheeze and rhinitis at each 6-monthly contact for up to 5 years. Physician diagnoses of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD/bronchitis) were extracted from the Alberta administrative health database (AHDB). Welders provided task-specific information at each contact. Estimates were derived for cumulative exposure to particulates, chromium, and nickel. Factors associated with time to first and recurrent events were identified by proportional hazards regression, adjusting for sex, age, and smoking.
Results
Of 1001 welders and 884 workers in electrical trades recruited, 1338 in Alberta were matched to the AHDB. Welders were more at risk of physician-diagnosed COPD/bronchitis than those in the electrical trades (HR for first report = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.27–2.77) but not of asthma. Times to first self-report of asthma/wheezing (HR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.23–2.04) and rhinitis (HR = 1.29; 95%CI = 1.11–1.49) were shorter in welders. Among welders, time to physician-diagnosed asthma was weakly related to cumulative nickel exposure (mg/m3_h/100) (HR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.00–1.17). COPD/bronchitis was related to cumulative exposure to total dust (g/m3_h) (HR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00–1.03) and to chromium (mg/m3_h/100) (HR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.04–1.26). The risk of both asthma and COPD/bronchitis reduced with time using local exhaust ventilation. Self-reported rhinitis increased with cumulative nickel exposure (HR = 1.00; 95% CI = 1.00–1.01).
Conclusions
Welders were at increased risk of COPD/bronchitis, with risk related to cumulative dust and chromium exposure. Nickel exposure increased the risk of asthma and rhinitis.
导言：焊工的呼吸系统疾病有充分的记录，但没有明确的暴露指示。方法：在一项加拿大的焊工和电气工人队列研究中，我们收集了哮喘/喘息和鼻炎的自我报告，每6个月接触一次，长达5年。从艾伯塔省行政卫生数据库（AHDB）中提取哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD/支气管炎）的医生诊断。焊工在每次接触时都提供特定任务的信息。对颗粒物、铬和镍的累积暴露量进行了估算。通过比例风险回归，调整性别、年龄和吸烟，确定与首次发病和复发相关的时间因素。结果：1001名焊工和884名电气行业工人中，1338名在阿尔伯塔省与AHDB匹配。电焊工患经医生诊断的慢性阻塞性肺病/支气管炎的风险高于电气行业(初次报告的风险比= 1.87；95% CI = 1.27-2.77)，但与哮喘无关。首次自我报告哮喘/喘息的次数(HR = 1.58；95% CI = 1.23-2.04)和鼻炎(HR = 1.29；95%CI = 1.11-1.49)。焊工中，到医生诊断为哮喘的时间与累积镍暴露（mg/m3_h/100）呈弱相关(HR = 1.08；95% ci = 1.00-1.17)。慢性阻塞性肺病/支气管炎与累计暴露于总粉尘（g/m3_h）有关(HR = 1.01；95% CI = 1.00 - -1.03)、铬(毫克/ m3_h / 100) (HR = 1.14;95% ci = 1.04-1.26)。哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病/支气管炎的风险随使用局部排气通气时间的延长而降低。自我报告的鼻炎随着镍暴露的累积而增加(HR = 1.00；95% ci = 1.00-1.01)。结论：焊工患慢性阻塞性肺病/支气管炎的风险增加，风险与累积粉尘和铬暴露有关。接触镍会增加患哮喘和鼻炎的风险。
{"title":"Respiratory Ill-Health and Welding Exposures: A Canadian Cohort Study","authors":"Jean-Michel Galarneau, Jeremy Beach, Nicola Cherry","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23678","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23678","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Respiratory ill-health in welders is well documented but without a clear indication of exposures responsible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a Canadian cohort study of welders and electrical workers, we collected self-reports of asthma/wheeze and rhinitis at each 6-monthly contact for up to 5 years. Physician diagnoses of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD/bronchitis) were extracted from the Alberta administrative health database (AHDB). Welders provided task-specific information at each contact. Estimates were derived for cumulative exposure to particulates, chromium, and nickel. Factors associated with time to first and recurrent events were identified by proportional hazards regression, adjusting for sex, age, and smoking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 1001 welders and 884 workers in electrical trades recruited, 1338 in Alberta were matched to the AHDB. Welders were more at risk of physician-diagnosed COPD/bronchitis than those in the electrical trades (HR for first report = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.27–2.77) but not of asthma. Times to first self-report of asthma/wheezing (HR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.23–2.04) and rhinitis (HR = 1.29; 95%CI = 1.11–1.49) were shorter in welders. Among welders, time to physician-diagnosed asthma was weakly related to cumulative nickel exposure (mg/m<sup>3</sup>_h/100) (HR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.00–1.17). COPD/bronchitis was related to cumulative exposure to total dust (g/m<sup>3</sup>_h) (HR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00–1.03) and to chromium (mg/m<sup>3</sup>_h/100) (HR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.04–1.26). The risk of both asthma and COPD/bronchitis reduced with time using local exhaust ventilation. Self-reported rhinitis increased with cumulative nickel exposure (HR = 1.00; 95% CI = 1.00–1.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Welders were at increased risk of COPD/bronchitis, with risk related to cumulative dust and chromium exposure. Nickel exposure increased the risk of asthma and rhinitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"99-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deborah Fulton-Kehoe, John Haight, Andrea Elmore, Jeanne M. Sears, Thomas Wickizer, Gary M. Franklin
Background
Few studies have assessed long-term opioid prescribing after a work-related injury. There is limited information about opioid prescriptions before an injury and how receipt of opioids before a work injury is associated with long-term opioid prescribing. We present patterns of long-term opioid prescription among workers after an injury, overall, and by pre-injury opioid use.
Methods
We used linked workers' compensation and prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) data to identify workers injured between July 2019 and June 2020 with an opioid prescription dispensed within 6 weeks after injury. Opioid prescribing was assessed for the 3 months before injury and for 1 year after injury or claim closure, whichever came first.
Results
Among injured workers with an opioid in the first 6 weeks, 23% had opioids 6−12 weeks after injury, 19% had opioids 3−6 months, 14% had opioids 6−9 months, and 12% had opioids 9−12 months after injury; 19% had opioids in the 3 months before injury. For workers with opioid prescription prior to injury, the percentage with opioids 9−12 months after injury was 34%, versus 7% among workers with no opioids in the 3 months before injury (p < 0.001). Receipt of chronic opioids (for at least 60 days) 9−12 months after injury was substantially higher among those with prior opioid prescription (20%) than in those with no prior opioids (0.4%) (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
We found a strong relationship between opioid prescription in the 3 months before a work injury and opioid prescribing after an injury. Healthcare providers should be vigilant to the important relationship between prior opioid use and longer-term opioid use after work-related injuries.
{"title":"Association Between Pre-Injury Opioid Use and Opioid Use Patterns After a Work Injury","authors":"Deborah Fulton-Kehoe, John Haight, Andrea Elmore, Jeanne M. Sears, Thomas Wickizer, Gary M. Franklin","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23683","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23683","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few studies have assessed long-term opioid prescribing after a work-related injury. There is limited information about opioid prescriptions before an injury and how receipt of opioids before a work injury is associated with long-term opioid prescribing. We present patterns of long-term opioid prescription among workers after an injury, overall, and by pre-injury opioid use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used linked workers' compensation and prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) data to identify workers injured between July 2019 and June 2020 with an opioid prescription dispensed within 6 weeks after injury. Opioid prescribing was assessed for the 3 months before injury and for 1 year after injury or claim closure, whichever came first.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among injured workers with an opioid in the first 6 weeks, 23% had opioids 6−12 weeks after injury, 19% had opioids 3−6 months, 14% had opioids 6−9 months, and 12% had opioids 9−12 months after injury; 19% had opioids in the 3 months before injury. For workers with opioid prescription prior to injury, the percentage with opioids 9−12 months after injury was 34%, versus 7% among workers with no opioids in the 3 months before injury (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Receipt of chronic opioids (for at least 60 days) 9−12 months after injury was substantially higher among those with prior opioid prescription (20%) than in those with no prior opioids (0.4%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found a strong relationship between opioid prescription in the 3 months before a work injury and opioid prescribing after an injury. Healthcare providers should be vigilant to the important relationship between prior opioid use and longer-term opioid use after work-related injuries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 2","pages":"132-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Occupational exposure as a painter was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen (carcinogenic to humans) in 1989. Chemical agents responsible for cancers and other illnesses among industrial painters are not well-documented. The goal of this systematic review and synthesis was to document the chemistries of metal structure coating systems, summarize data gaps on occupational exposures and health effects among painters, and identify and prioritize hazardous chemicals to guide future exposure and occupational health studies, and ultimately disease prevention efforts.
Methods: We reviewed coating products approved by the Northeast Protective Coating Committee (NEPCOAT) for use in steel bridges in New England, with a special focus on Part B of these reactive chemical systems, and related literature on exposures and health effects.
Results: From the review of safety datasheets (SDS), we identified 61 unique CAS numbers belonging to different Part B chemical groups of isocyanate- and epoxy-based formulations, including amine hardeners, solvents, nanomaterials, and other additives. The list of identified ingredients contained 14 potent sensitizers, two IARC Group 1 known carcinogens, and 7 IARC Group 2B possible carcinogens. Cancers of the lungs, urinary bladder, liver, kidneys, and gastrointestinal system, allergic contact dermatitis, lung fibrosis, and asthma were some possible disease endpoints. Existing occupational exposure studies focused on solvent exposures, while exposure and biomonitoring studies of amine hardeners and other ingredients of concern in these formulations are lacking.
Conclusions: The list of chemicals of concern identified here, including sensitizers and carcinogens, can serve as a basis for analytical method development and field exposure assessment studies. A national multi-pronged strategy to reduce chemical exposures and health risks among construction painters is warranted, including research on exposure monitoring and reduction efforts, longitudinal epidemiological studies, and product reformulation.
{"title":"Identifying and Prioritizing Hazardous Chemicals in Construction Metal Structure Coating Systems: A Roadmap for Data-Driven Disease Prevention.","authors":"Paridhi Patel, Dhimiter Bello, Anila Bello","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Occupational exposure as a painter was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen (carcinogenic to humans) in 1989. Chemical agents responsible for cancers and other illnesses among industrial painters are not well-documented. The goal of this systematic review and synthesis was to document the chemistries of metal structure coating systems, summarize data gaps on occupational exposures and health effects among painters, and identify and prioritize hazardous chemicals to guide future exposure and occupational health studies, and ultimately disease prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed coating products approved by the Northeast Protective Coating Committee (NEPCOAT) for use in steel bridges in New England, with a special focus on Part B of these reactive chemical systems, and related literature on exposures and health effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the review of safety datasheets (SDS), we identified 61 unique CAS numbers belonging to different Part B chemical groups of isocyanate- and epoxy-based formulations, including amine hardeners, solvents, nanomaterials, and other additives. The list of identified ingredients contained 14 potent sensitizers, two IARC Group 1 known carcinogens, and 7 IARC Group 2B possible carcinogens. Cancers of the lungs, urinary bladder, liver, kidneys, and gastrointestinal system, allergic contact dermatitis, lung fibrosis, and asthma were some possible disease endpoints. Existing occupational exposure studies focused on solvent exposures, while exposure and biomonitoring studies of amine hardeners and other ingredients of concern in these formulations are lacking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The list of chemicals of concern identified here, including sensitizers and carcinogens, can serve as a basis for analytical method development and field exposure assessment studies. A national multi-pronged strategy to reduce chemical exposures and health risks among construction painters is warranted, including research on exposure monitoring and reduction efforts, longitudinal epidemiological studies, and product reformulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Ren, Karel C Terwel, Ming Yang, Pieter H A J M van Gelder
Background: Human errors are widely acknowledged as the primary cause of structural failures in the construction industry. Research has found that such errors arise from the situation created by human factors and organizational factors embedded in the task context. However, these contextual factors have not been adequately addressed in the construction industry. Therefore, this study aims to identify the critical Human and Organizational Factors (HOFs) that influence structural safety in frequently performed tasks in structural design and construction.
Methods: Through a comprehensive literature review, a framework consisting of potential critical factors called the HOPE framework, is presented. To identify the most critical HOFs that contribute to human error occurrences, a questionnaire survey to experts in the Dutch construction industry was conducted. Finally, the resulting framework was compared with three actual structural failures for validation.
Results: This study shows that the HOFs should be extended with project-related factors (P) and working environment-related factors (E) due to the fact that these task contextual conditions play a significant role in shaping professionals' on-the-job performance. Furthermore, a survey identified 14 HOFs as critical in contributing to an error-prone situation in the structural design and construction tasks.
Conclusion: The presented HOPE framework and the identified critical HOFs for structural safety can assist engineers with better hazard identification and quality assurance in practice.
{"title":"Critical Human and Organizational Factors for Structural Safety in the Dutch Construction Industry.","authors":"Xin Ren, Karel C Terwel, Ming Yang, Pieter H A J M van Gelder","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human errors are widely acknowledged as the primary cause of structural failures in the construction industry. Research has found that such errors arise from the situation created by human factors and organizational factors embedded in the task context. However, these contextual factors have not been adequately addressed in the construction industry. Therefore, this study aims to identify the critical Human and Organizational Factors (HOFs) that influence structural safety in frequently performed tasks in structural design and construction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Through a comprehensive literature review, a framework consisting of potential critical factors called the HOPE framework, is presented. To identify the most critical HOFs that contribute to human error occurrences, a questionnaire survey to experts in the Dutch construction industry was conducted. Finally, the resulting framework was compared with three actual structural failures for validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study shows that the HOFs should be extended with project-related factors (P) and working environment-related factors (E) due to the fact that these task contextual conditions play a significant role in shaping professionals' on-the-job performance. Furthermore, a survey identified 14 HOFs as critical in contributing to an error-prone situation in the structural design and construction tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presented HOPE framework and the identified critical HOFs for structural safety can assist engineers with better hazard identification and quality assurance in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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