S. R. Silver, J. Li, N. D. Ford, D. Shi, S. H. Saydah
Background
Workers in healthcare and other essential occupations had elevated risks for COVID-19 infection early in the pandemic. No survey of U.S. workers to date has comprehensively assessed the prevalence of both COVID-19 and Long COVID across industries and occupations (I&O) at a detailed level.
Methods
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for 2022 from 39 states, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands were used to estimate prevalence of self-reported history of COVID-19 and Long COVID, as well as the prevalence of Long COVID among those reporting prior COVID-19, by broad and detailed I&O. Adjusted prevalence ratios were used to compare outcome prevalence in each I&O to prevalence among all other workers combined.
Results
By broad I&O, workers in healthcare, protective services, and education had elevated prevalences of COVID-19. The prevalence of Long COVID was elevated in healthcare and protective service but not education workers. Detailed I&O with significantly elevated prevalences of COVID-19 but not Long COVID included Dairy Product Manufacturing industry workers and subsets of mining workers. Both COVID-19 and Long COVID were elevated among bartenders/drinking places and personal care and appearance workers. The prevalence of Long COVID was elevated among farmworkers who reported having had COVID-19.
Conclusions
Industries and occupations with elevated levels of COVID-19 or Long COVID in this study may warrant increased measures to prevent transmission of airborne respiratory viruses. Accommodations are a key component for supporting workers in all workplaces. This new information about the distribution of Long COVID by I&O suggests where employer understanding and implementation of tailored workplace supports and accommodations are most needed to support continued employment of affected workers.
背景：在大流行早期，医疗保健和其他重要职业的工人感染 COVID-19 的风险较高。迄今为止，还没有一项针对美国工人的调查能全面、详细地评估各行业和职业（I&O）中 COVID-19 和 Long COVID 的流行情况：方法：使用行为风险因素监测系统 2022 年来自 39 个州、关岛和美属维尔京群岛的数据，按广泛和详细的 I&O 估算自我报告的 COVID-19 和 Long COVID 病史流行率，以及报告曾患 COVID-19 的人员中 Long COVID 的流行率。调整后的患病率比用于比较每个 I&O 的结果患病率和所有其他工人的患病率：结果：按广泛的 I&O 划分，医疗保健、保护服务和教育工作者的 COVID-19 患病率较高。医疗保健和防护服务行业的长COVID患病率较高，而教育行业的患病率较低。COVID-19 患病率明显升高而 Long COVID 不升高的详细 I&O 包括乳制品制造业工人和采矿工人子集。调酒师/饮酒场所以及个人护理和外貌工作者的 COVID-19 和 Long COVID 患病率均有所升高。在报告曾感染过 COVID-19 的农场工人中，Long COVID 的流行率较高：结论：本研究中 COVID-19 或 Long COVID 感染率较高的行业和职业可能需要采取更多措施来预防空气传播的呼吸道病毒。住宿是支持所有工作场所工人的关键因素。有关长 COVID 在各工种和职业中分布情况的新信息表明，为支持受影响工人继续就业，雇主最需要了解并实施量身定制的工作场所支持和适应措施。
{"title":"Prevalence of COVID-19 and Long COVID by Industry and Occupation: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2022","authors":"S. R. Silver, J. Li, N. D. Ford, D. Shi, S. H. Saydah","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23665","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23665","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Workers in healthcare and other essential occupations had elevated risks for COVID-19 infection early in the pandemic. No survey of U.S. workers to date has comprehensively assessed the prevalence of both COVID-19 and Long COVID across industries and occupations (I&O) at a detailed level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for 2022 from 39 states, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands were used to estimate prevalence of self-reported history of COVID-19 and Long COVID, as well as the prevalence of Long COVID among those reporting prior COVID-19, by broad and detailed I&O. Adjusted prevalence ratios were used to compare outcome prevalence in each I&O to prevalence among all other workers combined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By broad I&O, workers in healthcare, protective services, and education had elevated prevalences of COVID-19. The prevalence of Long COVID was elevated in healthcare and protective service but not education workers. Detailed I&O with significantly elevated prevalences of COVID-19 but not Long COVID included Dairy Product Manufacturing industry workers and subsets of mining workers. Both COVID-19 and Long COVID were elevated among bartenders/drinking places and personal care and appearance workers. The prevalence of Long COVID was elevated among farmworkers who reported having had COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Industries and occupations with elevated levels of COVID-19 or Long COVID in this study may warrant increased measures to prevent transmission of airborne respiratory viruses. Accommodations are a key component for supporting workers in all workplaces. This new information about the distribution of Long COVID by I&O suggests where employer understanding and implementation of tailored workplace supports and accommodations are most needed to support continued employment of affected workers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":"26-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Starchook-Moore MD, MPH, Ashley Nadeau MD, MPH, Dominik Dabrowski MD, MPH, John Briggs DO, MPH, LaDonna Kool LPN, Mezzie Belt RMA, Ralph Bovard MD, MPH, Paul Anderson MD, MPH, Hyun Kim ScD, MSc, Andre Montoya-Barthelemy MD, MPH, Zeke J. McKinney MD, MHI, MPH
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the quality of completion among both drivers and medical examiners in filling out Commercial Driver's (CD) Medical Examination Report Forms.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional retrospective study of abstracted data from the year 2019. CD Medical Examination Report Forms, collected from a single nationally-based employer and initially reviewed by corporate medical directors, were evaluated by the study team for completeness of documentation provided by both drivers and medical examiners (MEs). Relevant findings included unanswered questions, inconsistency between responses, and lack of necessary elaboration for positive responses.
Results
Among 1603 examinations, MEs completed the Medical Examination Report Form incompletely or incorrectly in 30% of examinations (n = 484). Drivers inconsistently filled out their health history with elaborations 38.7% of the time. Most commonly, they failed to elaborate on positive health history responses in 28.7% of examinations, but other types of errors were noted as well.
Conclusions
A considerable proportion of drivers or examiners (n = 890, 55%) failed to adequately or correctly complete CD Medical Examination Report forms.
{"title":"Retrospective quality review of Department of Transportation (DOT) commercial drivers medical examination forms","authors":"Maria Starchook-Moore MD, MPH, Ashley Nadeau MD, MPH, Dominik Dabrowski MD, MPH, John Briggs DO, MPH, LaDonna Kool LPN, Mezzie Belt RMA, Ralph Bovard MD, MPH, Paul Anderson MD, MPH, Hyun Kim ScD, MSc, Andre Montoya-Barthelemy MD, MPH, Zeke J. McKinney MD, MHI, MPH","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23661","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23661","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the quality of completion among both drivers and medical examiners in filling out Commercial Driver's (CD) Medical Examination Report Forms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a cross-sectional retrospective study of abstracted data from the year 2019. CD Medical Examination Report Forms, collected from a single nationally-based employer and initially reviewed by corporate medical directors, were evaluated by the study team for completeness of documentation provided by both drivers and medical examiners (MEs). Relevant findings included unanswered questions, inconsistency between responses, and lack of necessary elaboration for positive responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 1603 examinations, MEs completed the Medical Examination Report Form incompletely or incorrectly in 30% of examinations (<i>n</i> = 484). Drivers inconsistently filled out their health history with elaborations 38.7% of the time. Most commonly, they failed to elaborate on positive health history responses in 28.7% of examinations, but other types of errors were noted as well.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A considerable proportion of drivers or examiners (<i>n</i> = 890, 55%) failed to adequately or correctly complete CD Medical Examination Report forms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 12","pages":"1057-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23661","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deja L. Edwards MPH, Melisa M. Shah MD, MPH, Dallas S. Shi MD, PhD, Nicole D. Ford PhD, MPH, Jessica L. Rinsky PhD, MPH, Jefferson M. Jones MD, MPH, Bryan Spencer PhD, MPH, James Haynes MPH, Sharon H. Saydah PhD, MHS
Purpose
Limited information is known about the burden of Long COVID by occupation and industry. This study compares the occurrence of self-reported new long-term symptoms lasting 4 weeks or longer among blood donors with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection by occupation and industry.
Methods
The American Red Cross invited blood donors 18 years and older who donated during May 4–December 31, 2021 to participate in online surveys. New long-term symptoms lasting 4 weeks or longer were assessed by self-reported occurrence of any of 35 symptoms since March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 infection status was determined by serological testing and self-report. We describe the prevalence of new long-term symptoms by SARS-CoV-2 infection status. We calculate the difference in reported new long-term symptoms by SARS-CoV-2 infection status within occupation and industry categories.
Results
Data were collected from 27,907 employed adults – 9763 were previously infected and 18,234 were never infected with SARS-CoV-2. New long-term symptoms were more prevalent among those previously infected compared to the never-infected respondents (45% vs 24%, p < 0.05). Among all respondents, new long-term symptoms by occupation ranged from 26% (installation, maintenance, and repair) to 41% (healthcare support) and by industry ranged from 26% (mining) to 55% (accommodation and food services). New long-term neurological and other symptoms were commonly reported by those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Discussion
New long-term symptoms are more prevalent among certain occupation and industry groups, which likely reflects differential exposure to SARS-CoV-2. These findings highlight potential need for workplace accommodations in a variety of occupational settings to address new long-term symptoms.
{"title":"Occupational and industry prevalence of new long-term symptoms within American Red Cross blood donors with and without history of SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"Deja L. Edwards MPH, Melisa M. Shah MD, MPH, Dallas S. Shi MD, PhD, Nicole D. Ford PhD, MPH, Jessica L. Rinsky PhD, MPH, Jefferson M. Jones MD, MPH, Bryan Spencer PhD, MPH, James Haynes MPH, Sharon H. Saydah PhD, MHS","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23670","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23670","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited information is known about the burden of Long COVID by occupation and industry. This study compares the occurrence of self-reported new long-term symptoms lasting 4 weeks or longer among blood donors with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection by occupation and industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The American Red Cross invited blood donors 18 years and older who donated during May 4–December 31, 2021 to participate in online surveys. New long-term symptoms lasting 4 weeks or longer were assessed by self-reported occurrence of any of 35 symptoms since March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 infection status was determined by serological testing and self-report. We describe the prevalence of new long-term symptoms by SARS-CoV-2 infection status. We calculate the difference in reported new long-term symptoms by SARS-CoV-2 infection status within occupation and industry categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected from 27,907 employed adults – 9763 were previously infected and 18,234 were never infected with SARS-CoV-2. New long-term symptoms were more prevalent among those previously infected compared to the never-infected respondents (45% vs 24%, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Among all respondents, new long-term symptoms by occupation ranged from 26% (installation, maintenance, and repair) to 41% (healthcare support) and by industry ranged from 26% (mining) to 55% (accommodation and food services). New long-term neurological and other symptoms were commonly reported by those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>New long-term symptoms are more prevalent among certain occupation and industry groups, which likely reflects differential exposure to SARS-CoV-2. These findings highlight potential need for workplace accommodations in a variety of occupational settings to address new long-term symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 12","pages":"1108-1120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helena P. Eriksson PhD, Maria Wallin PhD, Eva Andersson PhD
Aim
The aim was to investigate mortality among Swedish seafarers compared to the general population, and differences in mortality between occupational categories and differences over time.
Methods
Longitudinal register-based cohort study of 85,169 Swedish seafarers registered in the Swedish Transport Agency's Seafarers’ Registry (SR) 1985–2013. The cohort was matched with the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated stratified by gender, job category, start of sea service, and time registered in the SR. Seafarers were followed until 66 years of age. Mortality by diseases was analyzed for seafarers with at least 5 years of sea service and mortality due to external causes was analyzed for all seafarers.
Results
Total mortality was increased among men who started to work before 1985 (SMR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.21–1.32) and borderline significantly increased among women (SMR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.99–1.32). Mortality ratios due to lung cancer, accidents, suicides, and mental disorders including substance abuse, were increased among seafarers who started to work before 1985. Mortality risks were particularly increased among the crew. SMRs tended to decrease over time, but mortality due to accidents was still increased among the crew who started to work 1985 or later (SMR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.02–2.63).
Conclusion
Swedish seafarers had an increased mortality compared to the general population in 1985–2013, particularly the crew. There is still an increased mortality in accidents among crew who started to work 1985 or later.
{"title":"Mortality among Swedish seafarers 1985–2013","authors":"Helena P. Eriksson PhD, Maria Wallin PhD, Eva Andersson PhD","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23662","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23662","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim was to investigate mortality among Swedish seafarers compared to the general population, and differences in mortality between occupational categories and differences over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal register-based cohort study of 85,169 Swedish seafarers registered in the Swedish Transport Agency's Seafarers’ Registry (SR) 1985–2013. The cohort was matched with the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated stratified by gender, job category, start of sea service, and time registered in the SR. Seafarers were followed until 66 years of age. Mortality by diseases was analyzed for seafarers with at least 5 years of sea service and mortality due to external causes was analyzed for all seafarers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Total mortality was increased among men who started to work before 1985 (SMR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.21–1.32) and borderline significantly increased among women (SMR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.99–1.32). Mortality ratios due to lung cancer, accidents, suicides, and mental disorders including substance abuse, were increased among seafarers who started to work before 1985. Mortality risks were particularly increased among the crew. SMRs tended to decrease over time, but mortality due to accidents was still increased among the crew who started to work 1985 or later (SMR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.02–2.63).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Swedish seafarers had an increased mortality compared to the general population in 1985–2013, particularly the crew. There is still an increased mortality in accidents among crew who started to work 1985 or later.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 12","pages":"1066-1076"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brodie J. Richards MSc, Fergus K. O'Connor PhD, Nicholas J. Koetje BPHE, Kristina-Marie T. Janetos BKin, Gregory W. McGarr PhD, Glen P. Kenny PhD
Background
To mitigate health risks associated with occupational heat stress, workers are advised to adhere to a work-rest regimen, and hydrate regularly. However, it remains unclear if beverage temperature influences whole-body heat exchange during work-rest cycles, and if responses differ in older workers who have a blunted heat loss capacity.
Methods
Ten young (mean [SD]: 22 [3] years) and 10 older (60 [4] years) males performed four 15-min bouts of moderate-intensity cycling at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (200 W·m−2), each interspersed by 15-min rest in dry heat (40°C, ~12% relative humidity). On separate days, participants consumed either ice-slurry (~0°C), standardized to provide a heat transfer capacity of 75 kJ·m−2, or an identical mass of warm fluid (37.5°C) before the first and third exercise bouts. Evaporative and dry heat exchange (direct calorimetry) and metabolic heat production (indirect calorimetry) were measured continuously to determine cumulative heat storage (summation of heat loss and heat gain) over the entire protocol. Rectal temperature was also measured continuously.
Results
Relative to warm fluid, ice-slurry ingestion reduced cumulative heat storage in young (69 [181] vs. 216 [94] kJ) and older males (90 [104] vs. 254 [140] kJ, main effect: p < 0.01), but was unaffected by age (p = 0.49). However, rectal temperature was unaffected by beverage temperature in both groups (all p ≥ 0.15).
Conclusion
We show that cold fluid ingestion is an appropriate administrative control for both young and older males as it can mitigate increases in body heat content during moderate-intensity work-rest cycles in dry heat.
{"title":"Effect of cold beverages on whole-body heat exchange in young and older males during intermittent exercise in the heat","authors":"Brodie J. Richards MSc, Fergus K. O'Connor PhD, Nicholas J. Koetje BPHE, Kristina-Marie T. Janetos BKin, Gregory W. McGarr PhD, Glen P. Kenny PhD","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23664","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23664","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To mitigate health risks associated with occupational heat stress, workers are advised to adhere to a work-rest regimen, and hydrate regularly. However, it remains unclear if beverage temperature influences whole-body heat exchange during work-rest cycles, and if responses differ in older workers who have a blunted heat loss capacity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten young (mean [SD]: 22 [3] years) and 10 older (60 [4] years) males performed four 15-min bouts of moderate-intensity cycling at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (200 W·m<sup>−2</sup>), each interspersed by 15-min rest in dry heat (40°C, ~12% relative humidity). On separate days, participants consumed either ice-slurry (~0°C), standardized to provide a heat transfer capacity of 75 kJ·m<sup>−2</sup>, or an identical mass of warm fluid (37.5°C) before the first and third exercise bouts. Evaporative and dry heat exchange (direct calorimetry) and metabolic heat production (indirect calorimetry) were measured continuously to determine cumulative heat storage (summation of heat loss and heat gain) over the entire protocol. Rectal temperature was also measured continuously.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relative to warm fluid, ice-slurry ingestion reduced cumulative heat storage in young (69 [181] vs. 216 [94] kJ) and older males (90 [104] vs. 254 [140] kJ, main effect: <i>p</i> < 0.01), but was unaffected by age (<i>p</i> = 0.49). However, rectal temperature was unaffected by beverage temperature in both groups (all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.15).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show that cold fluid ingestion is an appropriate administrative control for both young and older males as it can mitigate increases in body heat content during moderate-intensity work-rest cycles in dry heat.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 12","pages":"1148-1158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23664","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Classism, sexism, racism, and nativism intersect to create inequitable conditions and health outcomes based on workers’ social identities. This study describes the health status, work conditions, and nonwork conditions of the United States (U.S.) working-classed at the intersections of class, sex, racial, and nativity identities.
Methods
Descriptive statistics (e.g., frequencies, percentages) were calculated from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey data for the total working classed sample (N = 11,884) and 16 intersectional groupings. General and psychosocial health status, work factors, and access to resources outside of work were examined.
Results
Intersectional analysis revealed divisions in work and nonwork conditions despite the majority of each grouping reporting very good/excellent health. The majority of the female Latine born-outside-U.S. grouping (60%) reported not having paid sick leave. The majority of the male Latine born-outside-U.S. grouping reported having neither paid sick leave (62%) nor health insurance (55%). The majority of the female Latine (53%), male Latine (60%), and male Black (55%) born-outside-U.S. groupings reported workplaces as less safe. The majority of the female Latine born-outside-U.S. grouping (53%) was the only grouping to report being moderately/very worried about being able to afford housing costs.
Conclusion
The health status and precarity of work and nonwork conditions of the U.S. working classed may be shaped by intersecting systems of power across class, sex, racial, and nativity identities. Intersectional analysis increases our purview to see who is most affected, how, and where, which can inform future opportunities to mitigate worker health inequities.
{"title":"An intersectional analysis of the health status, work conditions, and nonwork conditions of the U.S. working-classed across class, sex, race, and nativity identities","authors":"Eunice Soh PhD, MSN, MPH, FNP-C, Jenny Hsin-Chun Tsai PhD, RN, PMHCNS-BC, Doris M. Boutain PhD, RN, PHN-BC, Kenneth Pike PhD","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23663","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23663","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Classism, sexism, racism, and nativism intersect to create inequitable conditions and health outcomes based on workers’ social identities. This study describes the health status, work conditions, and nonwork conditions of the United States (U.S.) working-classed at the intersections of class, sex, racial, and nativity identities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Descriptive statistics (e.g., frequencies, percentages) were calculated from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey data for the total working classed sample (<i>N</i> = 11,884) and 16 intersectional groupings. General and psychosocial health status, work factors, and access to resources outside of work were examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intersectional analysis revealed divisions in work and nonwork conditions despite the majority of each grouping reporting very good/excellent health. The majority of the female Latine born-outside-U.S. grouping (60%) reported not having paid sick leave. The majority of the male Latine born-outside-U.S. grouping reported having neither paid sick leave (62%) nor health insurance (55%). The majority of the female Latine (53%), male Latine (60%), and male Black (55%) born-outside-U.S. groupings reported workplaces as less safe. The majority of the female Latine born-outside-U.S. grouping (53%) was the only grouping to report being moderately/very worried about being able to afford housing costs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The health status and precarity of work and nonwork conditions of the U.S. working classed may be shaped by intersecting systems of power across class, sex, racial, and nativity identities. Intersectional analysis increases our purview to see who is most affected, how, and where, which can inform future opportunities to mitigate worker health inequities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 11","pages":"1020-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Elmore MS, Deborah Fulton-Kehoe PhD, MPH, Anne Arewasikporn PhD, John R. Haight MPH, Gary M. Franklin MD, MPH
Background
Long-term opioid use is related to numerous harms and has uncertain efficacy for chronic, non-cancer pain. Identification of individuals at risk for long-term opioid use can help support treatment decisions. The aim of this study was to determine psychosocial factors associated with opioid use 6 months after a work-related injury.
Methods
This was a prospective observational cohort study incorporating surveys and administrative data. Eligibility included a workers' compensation claim for an injury between June 2019 and September 2021, no opioid use within 3 months before injury, and opioid use within 6 weeks after injury. The outcome was self-reported opioid use at the 6-month follow-up survey (no use, use some days, or use most or every day). Multinomial logistic regression models were used to calculate relative risk ratios (RRRs) for associations between self-reported psychosocial factors and long-term opioid use.
Results
Of the 1724 respondents, 301 (17.5%) reported taking long-term opioids on some days and 87 (5.0%) reported taking long-term opioids on most or every day. After adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical covariates, workers reporting work fear-avoidance had a higher relative risk of opioid use most or every day, versus no opioid use at the 6-month survey, compared to those without work fear-avoidance (RRR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.08, 3.50). Anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and recovery expectations were not associated with long-term opioid use after covariate adjustment.
Conclusions
Work fear-avoidance was associated with long-term opioid use in this study of injured workers. Addressing fears surrounding an injury and returning to work may help deter reliance on long-term opioids.
{"title":"Associations between psychosocial factors and long-term opioid use among injured workers receiving early opioids","authors":"Andrea Elmore MS, Deborah Fulton-Kehoe PhD, MPH, Anne Arewasikporn PhD, John R. Haight MPH, Gary M. Franklin MD, MPH","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23666","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23666","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-term opioid use is related to numerous harms and has uncertain efficacy for chronic, non-cancer pain. Identification of individuals at risk for long-term opioid use can help support treatment decisions. The aim of this study was to determine psychosocial factors associated with opioid use 6 months after a work-related injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a prospective observational cohort study incorporating surveys and administrative data. Eligibility included a workers' compensation claim for an injury between June 2019 and September 2021, no opioid use within 3 months before injury, and opioid use within 6 weeks after injury. The outcome was self-reported opioid use at the 6-month follow-up survey (no use, use some days, or use most or every day). Multinomial logistic regression models were used to calculate relative risk ratios (RRRs) for associations between self-reported psychosocial factors and long-term opioid use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 1724 respondents, 301 (17.5%) reported taking long-term opioids on some days and 87 (5.0%) reported taking long-term opioids on most or every day. After adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical covariates, workers reporting work fear-avoidance had a higher relative risk of opioid use most or every day, versus no opioid use at the 6-month survey, compared to those without work fear-avoidance (RRR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.08, 3.50). Anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and recovery expectations were not associated with long-term opioid use after covariate adjustment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Work fear-avoidance was associated with long-term opioid use in this study of injured workers. Addressing fears surrounding an injury and returning to work may help deter reliance on long-term opioids.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 11","pages":"1039-1049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew Zarnke PhD, Sarah Rhodes PhD, Nathan DeBono PhD, Colin Berriault MA, Sandra C. Dorman PhD
Cover Caption: The cover image is based on the Article Incidence of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of mine workers exposed to ultrafine aluminum powder in Ontario, Canada by Andrew Zarnke et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23646.
封面标题：封面图片根据 Andrew Zarnke 等人撰写的文章《加拿大安大略省接触超细铝粉的矿工队列中心血管疾病的发病率》（Incidence of cardioascular disease in a cohort of mine workers exposed to ultrafine aluminum powder in Ontario, Canada）制作，https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23646。
{"title":"Cover Image: Volume 67 Issue 10","authors":"Andrew Zarnke PhD, Sarah Rhodes PhD, Nathan DeBono PhD, Colin Berriault MA, Sandra C. Dorman PhD","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Cover Caption</b>: The cover image is based on the Article <i>Incidence of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of mine workers exposed to ultrafine aluminum powder in Ontario, Canada</i> by Andrew Zarnke et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23646.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 10","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brett Shannon MBBS, PhD, Courtney Ryder PhD, Chibuzor Abasilim PhD, Kirsten Almberg PhD, Tessa Bonney PhD, Lee S. Friedman PhD
Objectives
Research characterizing work-related injuries and illnesses (WRII) has predominantly focused on inpatients and deaths, despite evidence that 4% of WRII are admitted as inpatients and deaths are less than 0.2% of acute WRII. Our aim is to determine the usefulness of incorporating emergency department (ED) hospital data into current occupational health surveillance systems.
Methods
Data on ED and admitted WRII treated in Illinois hospitals from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, primary diagnosis, procedures undertaken, and unique patient estimates are described. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to evaluate predictors of treatment in the ED and multivariable median regression models determined associations of total hospital charges.
Results
Between 2017 and 2021 there were 488,033 hospital presentations (95.9% nonadmissions) for WRII in Illinois, equating to a crude annual population rate of 1502.1/100,000. Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) were disproportionately treated for illnesses, while Hispanic or Latino workers were disproportionately treated for injuries. African-Americans had the highest rate of ED emergent presentations (incident rate ratio [IRR] = 1.3, ref = NHW) and were less likely to be admitted for emergent presentations (IRR = 0.7, ref = NHW). ED presentations were more likely to be female, present with an injury, and at a rural, versus urban, hospital. Radiological investigations compromised the majority of procedures for nonadmitted patients (n = 403,317), and 94.8% were coded for a body region
Conclusion
Between 2017 and 2021 in Illinois, there were nearly 500,000 hospital visits charged to workers' compensation totaling over US$ four billion. ED data provide additional insights into work-related chronic conditions, health disparities, and the usage of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for WRII.
{"title":"Work-related injuries and illnesses (WRII) presenting to Illinois hospitals, 2017−2021: The importance of emergency department (ED) data","authors":"Brett Shannon MBBS, PhD, Courtney Ryder PhD, Chibuzor Abasilim PhD, Kirsten Almberg PhD, Tessa Bonney PhD, Lee S. Friedman PhD","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23658","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23658","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research characterizing work-related injuries and illnesses (WRII) has predominantly focused on inpatients and deaths, despite evidence that 4% of WRII are admitted as inpatients and deaths are less than 0.2% of acute WRII. Our aim is to determine the usefulness of incorporating emergency department (ED) hospital data into current occupational health surveillance systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data on ED and admitted WRII treated in Illinois hospitals from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, primary diagnosis, procedures undertaken, and unique patient estimates are described. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to evaluate predictors of treatment in the ED and multivariable median regression models determined associations of total hospital charges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between 2017 and 2021 there were 488,033 hospital presentations (95.9% nonadmissions) for WRII in Illinois, equating to a crude annual population rate of 1502.1/100,000. Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) were disproportionately treated for illnesses, while Hispanic or Latino workers were disproportionately treated for injuries. African-Americans had the highest rate of ED emergent presentations (incident rate ratio [IRR] = 1.3, ref = NHW) and were less likely to be admitted for emergent presentations (IRR = 0.7, ref = NHW). ED presentations were more likely to be female, present with an injury, and at a rural, versus urban, hospital. Radiological investigations compromised the majority of procedures for nonadmitted patients (<i>n</i> = 403,317), and 94.8% were coded for a body region</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between 2017 and 2021 in Illinois, there were nearly 500,000 hospital visits charged to workers' compensation totaling over US$ four billion. ED data provide additional insights into work-related chronic conditions, health disparities, and the usage of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for WRII.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"67 11","pages":"1006-1019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marnie Dobson PhD, Pouran Faghri MD, MS, FACSM, Paul Landsbergis PhD, MPH, David LeGrande RN, Suzanne Nobrega PhD, Laura Punnett ScD, Serena Rice MS, Peter Schnall MD, MPH, Amy Bahruth MS, Dean Baker MD, MPH, Sherry Baron MD, David Blustein PhD, Jennifer Cavallari ScD, CIH, Martin Cherniack MD, MPH, Louis Fazen MD, PhD, Marcy Goldstein-Gelb MS, Viviola Gomez-Ortiz PhD, M. Gloria González-Morales PhD, DEA, Leslie B. Hammer PhD, Joseph “Chip” Hughes MS, Anthony D. LaMontagne ScD, MA, Med, Jessica Martinez BA, Gary Namie PhD, Eric Persaud DrPH, Preethi Pratap PhD, Milly Rodriguez MPH, Jonathan Rosen MS, Ellen Rosskam PhD, Kathleen M. Rospenda PhD, Steve Sallman, Grace Sembajwe ScD, Robert Sinclair PhD, Laura Stock MPH, Keith Wrightson, David Yamada JD, Liu-Qin Yang PhD, Ed Yelin PhD, Jennifer Zelnick MSW, ScD, Jeanette Zoeckler PhD, MPH
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号