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Purification of rat prolactin : Development of an homologous radioimmunological assay and comparison with the NIAMDD system 大鼠催乳素的纯化:一种同源放射免疫检测方法的建立及其与NIAMDD系统的比较
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19791013
N. Martinat, E. Hall, J. Ravault, M. Dubois
the pituitaries dissected. Using a thorough fractionation procedure, the other pituitary hormones were eliminated. To obtain a PRL preparation with high biological activity, gel filtration on Sephadex G 100 was used. The prepared PRL was studied using physicochemical, biological and immunological methods. From gel filtration data the molecular weight of the PRL thus prepared was approximately 26 000. Using a radioreceptor assay the activity of the preparation was two times higher than the NIAMDD preparation of PRL (NIAMDD-RP,). Immunofluorescence studies revealed that rabbit antiserum raised against this PRL had affinity for the PRL cells in ovine, bovine and rat pituitaries but none for the other types of pituitary cells. A double antibody radioimmunoassay was developed using the above hormone and its antiserum. Standard curves were plotted over the range of 16 to 400 pg. Rat FSH, LH, TSH and GH did not react in this assay nor did plasma proteins. The intra-assay coefficient of variation was 10 p. 100 and the between assay 16 p. 100. The rat prolactin radioimmunoassay kit distributed by the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases (NIAMD) was also examined. Prolactin levels in rat serum measured by the NIAMD-radioimmunoassay were twice those measured by our system. The apparent differences in serum levels of PRL simply reflected the lower immunologic activity of the NIAMD prolactin.
垂体被解剖。使用彻底的分离程序,其他垂体激素被消除。为了获得具有高生物活性的PRL制剂,采用Sephadex g100凝胶过滤。采用理化、生物学和免疫学等方法对制备的PRL进行了研究。从凝胶过滤数据来看,制备的PRL分子量约为26000。通过放射性受体测定,该制剂的活性比NIAMDD制剂的PRL (NIAMDD- rp,)高两倍。免疫荧光研究表明,兔抗血清对羊、牛和大鼠垂体PRL细胞有亲和力,对其他类型垂体细胞无亲和力。利用上述激素及其抗血清,建立了双抗体放射免疫测定法。在16至400 pg范围内绘制标准曲线。大鼠FSH、LH、TSH和GH在本实验中没有反应,血浆蛋白也没有反应。组内变异系数为10 p. 100,组间变异系数为16 p. 100。还检测了由美国国家关节炎和代谢疾病研究所(NIAMD)分发的大鼠催乳素放射免疫测定试剂盒。niamd放射免疫法测定的大鼠血清催乳素水平是本系统测定的两倍。血清PRL水平的明显差异仅仅反映了NIAMD催乳素免疫活性较低。
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引用次数: 20
Transit digestif chez le rat recevant de la caséine traitée en milieu alcalin 碱性培养基中酪蛋白处理大鼠的消化过程
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790630
B. Possompès, Im Soon Choi Schin, P. Besançon
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引用次数: 1
Hydrolyse enzymatique et stabilité en milieu acide des liaisons isopeptidiques de la L-méthionyl-caséine l-甲酰基酪蛋白异肽键的酶水解和酸介质稳定性
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790608
A. Puigserver, L. C. Sen, R. E. Feeney, John R. Whitaker
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Hydrolyse enzymatique et stabilité en milieu acide des liaisons isopeptidiques de la L-méthionyl-caséine A. J. Puigserver, L. C. Sen, R. E. Feeney, J. R. Whitaker
它是一个多学科的开放获取档案,用于科学研究文件的存储和传播,无论它们是否出版。这些文件可能来自法国或国外的教学和研究机构,也可能来自公共或私人研究中心。HAL开放多学科档案旨在存放和传播来自法国或外国教育和研究机构、公共或私人实验室的已发表或未发表的研究级科学文件。l-甲酰基酪蛋白同肽键的酶水解和酸稳定性A. J. Puigserver, L. C. Sen, R. E. Feeney, J. R. Whitaker
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引用次数: 1
Meiosis in fetal freemartin gonads and in rat fetal ovaries in vitro 胚胎自由卵泡性腺和大鼠胚胎卵巢的减数分裂
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790810
J. Prepin, B. Vigier, A. Jost
In the gonads of male or female calf fetuses and of fetal freemartins, the germ cells may present nuclear aspects resembling those described in other species as the « preleptotene chromosome condensation stage ». The maximum of these aspects occurred between 60 and 80 days post-insemination. The fate of the cells presenting these aspects is not know, and it is not certain that this nuclear stage really is part of meiosis. If one takes as a criterion the more conventionally recognized figures (leptotene, zygotene), meiosis was seen in the three freemartin fetuses aged 77 to 88 days, but the percentage of meiotic cells was low. In fetuses older than 90 days no meiotic cells were present in those gonads in which seminiferous cords developed. In gonads which contained no seminiferous cords, meiotic figures were seen only in three animals under 133 days of age ; in older animals meiosis was not present. The presence of seminiferous cords in the gonad is incompatible with the presence of meiotic germ cells. In every case, the germ cells disappeared from the freemartin gonad after day 186, except for a few which persisted until day 222 because they were located in seminiferous cords. In an attempt to determine whether meiosis could be influenced by various agents, rat fetal ovaries were cultivated in vitro with or without estradiol, an anti-estrogen, progesterone, methyladenine, ram rete fluid or « inhibine » extracted from ram rete fluid. In these preliminary non-quantitative experiments, no definite alterations of meiosis were noted.
在雄性或雌性小牛胎儿的性腺和胎儿自由马丁中,生殖细胞可能呈现类似于其他物种中描述的“prelepptotene染色体凝聚阶段”的核方面。这些方面最多发生在受精后60至80天之间。呈现这些方面的细胞的命运尚不清楚,也不能确定这个核阶段是否真的是减数分裂的一部分。如果以更常规的数字(瘦素,zygotene)作为标准,在77至88天的3个自由蛋白胎儿中可以看到减数分裂,但减数分裂细胞的百分比很低。在超过90天的胎儿中,在精索发育的性腺中没有减数分裂细胞。在不含精索的性腺中,只有3只动物在133日龄以下出现减数分裂现象;老年动物没有减数分裂。生殖腺中存在的精索与减数分裂生殖细胞是不相容的。在所有病例中,生殖细胞在第186天之后就从自由卵泡腺中消失了,除了少数存在到第222天的生殖细胞,因为它们位于精索中。为了确定减数分裂是否会受到各种因素的影响,我们在体外培养大鼠胚胎卵巢,分别加入或不加入雌二醇、抗雌激素、黄体酮、甲基腺嘌呤、羊膜液或从羊膜液中提取的“抑制素”。在这些初步的非定量实验中,没有注意到减数分裂的明确改变。
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引用次数: 14
Effects of anterior and posterior hypothalamic deafferentation on gonadotrophin and prolactin secretion in ovariectomized ewes under hormonally induced oestrous cycles 下丘脑前、后分离对去卵巢母羊促性腺激素和催乳素分泌的影响
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790709
J. Thiéry, M. Blanc, J. Ravault, J. Pelletier, A. Caraty, C. Lavenet, P. Orgeur, J. Poirier, G. Venier
Summary. Oestradiol benzoate (OB), when given to ovariectomized ewes under hormo- nally induced oestrous cycles, caused both negative and positive feedback effects, i. e. decreased FSH levels were followed by an FSH surge 15 to 18 hrs later concomitant with a preovulatory-like LH release. This injection also caused a prolactin surge with a spiking release pattern between 9 to 18 to 30 to 42 hrs later. Basal FSH levels, as well as those obtained after OB injection, progressively increased from December to April. Between December and February, no significant variations in prolactin secretion were detected, while later on (February to April) both basal prolactin levels, and those obtained after OB injection rose significantly. These long-term variations of both FSH and prolactin secretion indicate seasonal effects. After anterior deafferentation of the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), FSH levels decreased drastically, but remained detectable. The OB-induced surges were totally sup- pressed in some animals, while in others they showed a very small residual response at the time of the residual LH release. Thus, FSH secretion could be regulated by the same hypo- thalamic hormone as LH secretion, i. e. LH-RH. The tonic and/or cyclic regulation was located in the part of the brain anterior to the cut, probably in the septopreoptic-anterior hypothalamic areas. Residual secretion could be dueto the activity of the mediobasal areas,
总结。在激素诱导的发情周期下,给去卵巢的母羊服用苯甲酸雌二醇(OB),会产生负反馈和正反馈效应,即FSH水平下降后,FSH水平在15至18小时后飙升,并伴有排卵前样LH释放。这种注射也引起催乳素激增,并在9至18至30至42小时后出现峰值释放模式。从12月到4月,基础卵泡刺激素水平以及注射OB后获得的卵泡刺激素水平逐渐升高。在12月至2月期间,催乳素分泌无明显变化,而随后(2月至4月)基础催乳素水平和注射OB后获得的催乳素水平均显著升高。这些FSH和催乳素分泌的长期变化表明季节性影响。下丘脑中基底(MBH)前移行后,FSH水平急剧下降,但仍可检测到。在一些动物中ob引起的涌动完全被抑制,而在另一些动物中,它们在残余LH释放时表现出非常小的残余反应。因此,卵泡刺激素的分泌可能受到与LH分泌相同的下丘脑激素,即LH- rh的调节。强直和/或循环调节位于切口前部的大脑部分,可能位于下丘脑前隔视区。残留的分泌物可能是由于中基底区的活动,
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引用次数: 4
Urea cycling and ammonia absorption in vivo in the digestive tract of the rat 大鼠消化道内尿素循环及氨的体内吸收
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790633
C. Demigné, C. Rémésy
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引用次数: 35
Etude du matériel sécrété dans la chambre de régénération d'un appendice locomoteur de Porcellio dilatatus Br. (Crustacea : Isopoda) 扩张瓷运动附属物再生室分泌物质的研究。(甲壳类:等足类)
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/rnd:19791016
G. Noulin, C. Besse, B. Lebourg, J. C. Artault, Th. Bauvais
A regenerating appendage of P. dilatatus develops in an incubation chamber located in the stump. This chamber is filled with a fibrous, alveolar material containing chitin and an acid, non-sulphated mucosubstance hydrolyzed by testis hyaluronidase. The apical surfaces of the epithelial cells of the regenerating bud show differentiations-very short, dark-tipped microvilli and carrier vesicles which are probably involved in the secretion of the material.
一个再生附属物在位于树桩的孵育室中发育。这个腔室充满纤维状的肺泡状物质,其中含有几丁质和一种由睾丸透明质酸酶水解的酸性非硫酸盐黏液物质。再生芽的上皮细胞的顶端表面出现分化——极短的、顶端暗的微绒毛和可能参与物质分泌的载体囊泡。
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引用次数: 2
Epididymal sperm maturation in the ram : motility, fertilizing ability and embryonic survival after uterine artificial insemination in the ewe 公羊附睾精子成熟:母羊子宫人工授精后精子活力、受精能力和胚胎存活率
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790505
S. Fournier-delpech, G. Colas, M. Courot, R. Ortavant, G. Brice, C. Cornu, Y. Guérin, Y. Lebreton
Ram spermatozoa from the distal caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis and ejaculated spermatozoa were artificially inseminated in 170 ewes which had been treated with an ovulatory dose of PMSG 61 ! 4 hrs previously. Results were expressed as the percent of ewes pregnant 18 days after insemination (F = with positive progesterone assay/ Q inseminated) and embryonic survival (ES = ewes lambing/ pregnant on day 18). F =0, 8, 12, 54, 78, 80 and 72 p. 100 respectively after insemination with 20 x 10 6 total spermatozoa/horn from the caput, corpus, I, II and III, proximal cauda, distal cauda, and ejaculate. Development of sperm fertilizing ability parallelled the development of sperm motility. However when ewes were inseminated with high number of motile spermatozoa, ES was 0, 77, 86, 100 and 86 p. 100 with spermatozoa from the corpus I --!II, the corpus III, the proximal cauda, the distal cauda, and the ejaculate respectively. Thus, the sperm from middle corpus are totally unable to produce viable lambs.
本研究以170只母羊为研究对象,用排卵剂量的PMSG 61对其进行人工授精。4小时前。结果用授精后18天怀孕母羊的百分比(F =孕酮检测阳性/ Q)和胚胎存活率(ES =产羔/第18天怀孕母羊)表示。F =0、8、12、54、78、80和72 p. 100,分别来自头、体、I、II和III、近尾、远尾和射精的20 × 106个精子/角。精子受精能力的发展与精子运动能力的发展是同步的。然而,当母羊用大量活动精子受精时,ES分别为0、77、86、100和86 p. 100。二、三、近尾、远尾和射精。因此,来自中体的精子完全不能产生可存活的羔羊。
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引用次数: 73
Differentiation of the fetal gonad of Macaca fascicularis with special reference to the testis 束状猕猴胎儿性腺的分化与睾丸的特殊关系
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790803
D. Dang, J. Fouquet
The histogenesis of the fetal gonad of Macaca fascicularis was studied from the genital ridge stage in 24 fetuses (16 males and 8 females) aged 36 to 55 days. Observations were carried out using light and electron microscopy on serial sections of the specimens embedded in epon. The genital ridge was formed of a mesenchymal blastema covered by a peripheral epithelium. The first stages of differentiation (37 to 39 days) were the same in the testis and the ovary. We observed an antero posterior and centrifugal differentiation of the sex cords in the blastema from the peripheral mesenchyma of the mesonephric ducts at the anterior pole of the gonad. The mesonephric ducts and the peripheral epithelium contributed very little directly to sex cord formation (Pi. I). The separation of the newly formed cords was accelerated by vascular invasion from the mesonephros. Definitive testicular structure was acquired between 40 and 43 days. The presence of the peripheral testicular artery was a determinant of the growth of the tunica albuginea (Pi. 111). No large changes were observed in the ovary between 40 and 55 days (Pl. IV).
对24例36 ~ 55日龄猕猴(雄性16例,雌性8例)生殖嵴期胎儿性腺的组织发生进行了研究。用光镜和电镜对包埋在epon内的连续切片进行观察。生殖嵴由外周上皮覆盖的间充质囊胚形成。睾丸和卵巢分化的第一阶段(37 ~ 39 d)相同。我们观察到性腺前极肾中导管外周间质中胚芽处的性索呈前后和离心分化。中肾管和外周上皮对性索形成的直接影响很小。来自中肾的血管侵入加速了新形成的脊髓的分离。最终睾丸结构在40 - 43天获得。睾丸外周动脉的存在是白膜生长的决定因素(Pi. 111)。40 ~ 55天卵巢未见明显变化(Pl. IV)。
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引用次数: 20
Etude morpho-anatomique du primysium (Mthodes de description et d'valuation) primysium的形态解剖研究(描述和评价方法)
Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/RND:19790101
O. Schmitt, T. Degas, P. Pérot, M. Langlois, B. Dumont
a secondary network which is only visible as a whole at a rather high magnification. The organization of both connective tissue networks were defined by considering various morphological traits, and objective and subjective methods were suggested for their appraisal. The reference scales used were illustrated. The proposed methods would have various useful applications : systematic studies of perimysium of different muscles, influence of biological factors of variation (age, sex, genetics...) and, in the case of meat animals, consequences on meat texture and tenderness.
只有在相当高的放大倍数下才能看到整体的次级网络。结合各种形态特征对两种结缔组织网络的组织进行了定义,并提出了客观和主观的评价方法。说明了所使用的参考比例尺。所提出的方法将有各种有用的应用:系统地研究不同肌肉的肌束膜,生物变异因素(年龄、性别、遗传……)的影响,以及在肉用动物的情况下,对肉质和嫩度的影响。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
Annales De Biologie Animale Biochimie Biophysique
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