Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.002
Frédéric Dion, Tiphaine Séguret
The regional unit for the care of perpetrators of sexual violence (URSAVS) was established in Lille in 2009, under to the impetus of Doctor Tiphaine Séguret, and under the aegis of the Regional Health Agency of the department of Hauts-de-France. It is hosted by the University Hospital of Lille. This unit was born out of the urgent need to establish and coordinate specific care services including psycho- and sex-criminological dimensions, at the crossroads of mental health service and judicial entities. Originally destined for those who had been convicted of sexual offences and who were being released from prison, this unit has diversified in many ways, as the many cases and problems entrusted to it were discovered. Operating today in the realms of pediatrics, care of the elderly, and including the National Education system, URSAVS has paved the way for a fundamental reflection on the methods and practices of care specific to perpetrators of sexual violences. Its results in the prevention of recidivism after 5 years (1%), demonstrate the lasting effectiveness of its paradigm of care, especially when compared to national statistics on recidivism over the same period (15% for rape, 11% for sexual assault, 12% for sexual harassment, according to the French Ministry of Justice).
{"title":"URSAVS – histoire et politique d’une intercontenance réussie","authors":"Frédéric Dion, Tiphaine Séguret","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regional unit for the care of perpetrators of sexual violence (URSAVS) was established in Lille in 2009, under to the impetus of Doctor Tiphaine Séguret, and under the aegis of the Regional Health Agency of the department of Hauts-de-France. It is hosted by the University Hospital of Lille. This unit was born out of the urgent need to establish and coordinate specific care services including psycho- and sex-criminological dimensions, at the crossroads of mental health service and judicial entities. Originally destined for those who had been convicted of sexual offences and who were being released from prison, this unit has diversified in many ways, as the many cases and problems entrusted to it were discovered. Operating today in the realms of pediatrics, care of the elderly, and including the National Education system, URSAVS has paved the way for a fundamental reflection on the methods and practices of care specific to perpetrators of sexual violences. Its results in the prevention of recidivism after 5 years (1%), demonstrate the lasting effectiveness of its paradigm of care, especially when compared to national statistics on recidivism over the same period (15% for rape, 11% for sexual assault, 12% for sexual harassment, according to the French Ministry of Justice).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 722-724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.014
Objectives
Assessment of the cognitive skills, affective and emotional state of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) is becoming increasingly important as targeted and appropriate care is being offered to them. However, tools specifically adapted are rare. The ECP, presented here, proposes to overcome this lack.
Persons and method
The construction of the ECP was done in three successive stages with 18, 71 and 91 people with PIMD. At each stage, 3 protocols documented in hetero evaluation for each person allowed the elaboration of items and their metrological analysis (correlational and factor analyses in particular).
Results
During the final stage, with a sample of 273 protocols (91 people), age-specific standardizations were performed and metrological analyses (discriminating fineness, reliability and validity) conducted show that the ECP meets the expectations.
Conclusion
The ECP allows the users to build cognitive profiles and to collect clinical data, leading to shared observations. Thus, the ECP offers inter-observer analyses of inter- and intra-individual variability of skills among people with PIMD.
{"title":"Construction et validation d’un questionnaire d’évaluation des compétences cognitives et de l’état affectif et émotionnel des personnes polyhandicapées : l’Évaluation–Cognition–Polyhandicap (ECP)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Assessment of the cognitive skills, affective and emotional state of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) is becoming increasingly important as targeted and appropriate care is being offered to them. However, tools specifically adapted are rare. The ECP, presented here, proposes to overcome this lack.</div></div><div><h3>Persons and method</h3><div>The construction of the ECP was done in three successive stages with 18, 71 and 91 people with PIMD. At each stage, 3 protocols documented in hetero evaluation for each person allowed the elaboration of items and their metrological analysis (correlational and factor analyses in particular).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the final stage, with a sample of 273 protocols (91 people), age-specific standardizations were performed and metrological analyses (discriminating fineness, reliability and validity) conducted show that the ECP meets the expectations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The ECP allows the users to build cognitive profiles and to collect clinical data, leading to shared observations. Thus, the ECP offers inter-observer analyses of inter- and intra-individual variability of skills among people with PIMD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 694-700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87601778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2022.01.022
Harassment presupposes the existence of aggressive and repetitive intentional behaviors aimed at harming a person (or obtaining from her an unwanted sexual relationship), within the context of an asymmetrical relationship of dominant-dominated. The different forms of harassment are partly characterized by the context in which they occur. This paper is about harassment in “public” spaces in the broad sense (not restricted to urban spaces) as opposed to “private” spaces (intimate, family): workplace bullying, street harassment, school bullying and sexual harassment (its link with the other types of harassment is examined in this paper). For workplace bullying and street harassment, definitions, legislative frameworks, the prevalence, types of strategies used and types of aggressive acts, as well as characteristics of perpetrators and victims are discussed. Despite the similarities between the different forms of bullying, there are specificities. For example, street harassment is characterized by a low degree of acquaintanceship between the perpetrator and the victim (who usually don’t know each other), and by a limited duration of the interactions between them. The victim may have a perception of continuity through the repetition of sexual solicitations (or sexual aggressions) by different perpetrators during her urban journeys. Sexual harassment increases with age at school, with a peak of “sexual” school bullying among young adulthood. Prevalence of sexual harassment is very high: more than two thirds of women reported having already, experienced sexist remarks, and more than half have suffered sexual harassment (unwanted sexual attention) in their lifetime versus less than a third of men. Sexual harassment and sexual coercion share a close proximity and the same determinants. The agonistic continuum (relationship of domination up to sexual sadism), sexual harassment and sexual coercion are the three component of sexual misconducts. This should lead us to systematically look for the presence of a sexual harassment in order to have levers for the prevention of sexual coercion and, more broadly, for all abusive sexual behaviors. The various forms of harassment are reflective of power relationships and violence in which gender violence can be included. Beyond their regulations, this raises the question of the foundations of our society and its necessary evolution.
{"title":"Reconnaître et gérer les conséquences du harcèlement dans l’espace « public »","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2022.01.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2022.01.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Harassment presupposes the existence of aggressive and repetitive intentional behaviors aimed at harming a person (or obtaining from her an unwanted sexual relationship), within the context of an asymmetrical relationship of dominant-dominated. The different forms of harassment are partly characterized by the context in which they occur. This paper is about harassment in “public” spaces in the broad sense (not restricted to urban spaces) as opposed to “private” spaces (intimate, family): workplace bullying, street harassment, school bullying and sexual harassment (its link with the other types of harassment is examined in this paper). For workplace bullying and street harassment, definitions, legislative frameworks, the prevalence, types of strategies used and types of aggressive acts, as well as characteristics of perpetrators and victims are discussed. Despite the similarities between the different forms of bullying, there are specificities. For example, street harassment is characterized by a low degree of acquaintanceship between the perpetrator and the victim (who usually don’t know each other), and by a limited duration of the interactions between them. The victim may have a perception of continuity through the repetition of sexual solicitations (or sexual aggressions) by different perpetrators during her urban journeys. Sexual harassment increases with age at school, with a peak of “sexual” school bullying among young adulthood. Prevalence of sexual harassment is very high: more than two thirds of women reported having already, experienced sexist remarks, and more than half have suffered sexual harassment (unwanted sexual attention) in their lifetime versus less than a third of men. Sexual harassment and sexual coercion share a close proximity and the same determinants. The agonistic continuum (relationship of domination up to sexual sadism), sexual harassment and sexual coercion are the three component of sexual misconducts. This should lead us to systematically look for the presence of a sexual harassment in order to have levers for the prevention of sexual coercion and, more broadly, for all abusive sexual behaviors. The various forms of harassment are reflective of power relationships and violence in which gender violence can be included. Beyond their regulations, this raises the question of the foundations of our society and its necessary evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 683-689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90091281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.12.014
<div><div>Intra-familial violence and abuse includes domestic violence that is not specifically identified as violence against women, abuse and violence against children or elderly relatives. This article provides a legal definition of the notions of violence and abuse. Abuse is virtually inseparable from the notion of vulnerability, which appeared in the 1994 Penal Code in France. The present article summarizes current epidemiological data in France and worldwide and highlights the obvious underestimation of domestic violence both in France and in other parts of the world. One French survey reported that in 1997, 50,000 women were victims of rape and more recently, that 225,000 women had reported being victims of domestic violence. In 2021, there were 143 murders in the context of domestic violence, 85% of which involved women. The mechanisms of this violence are usually described as consisting of 4 cyclic phases alternating between a climate of tension, aggression, disempowerment, and remission (repentance on the part of the perpetrator). From a psychodynamic viewpoint, the phenomenon of ascendancy, initially conceptualized by Freud, makes it possible to understand the submission of the victim towards the aggressor. This phenomenon can lead to the inability of the perpetrator to recognize the otherness of the other (the victim). Systemic approaches recall the notion of circular causality, making the victim part of the system without denying the responsibility for his acts on the part of the perpetrator. The consequences are usually very negative representations of self for the victim and an increased dependence toward the aggressor. The judicial and clinical world has for several years advocated dealing with perpetrators of conjugal violence by issuing an injunction to submit to treatment. This can also include victims who consent to these therapeutic proposals. Child abuse in France involved more than 35,000 children in 2018. In 80% of the cases, the perpetrators were one of the victim's parents. The abuse ranged from psychological violence (about 30%) to sexual violence (3.6%). Globally, the prevalence of physical violence against children was estimated to concern from 5 to 35% of children in 2014. Fifteen to 30% of girls versus 5 to 15% of boys are thought to have suffered some form of sexual violence. The tender age of the child is the first risk factor, given that 50% of violent deaths in 2011 concerned subjects under the age of four months. From a psychodynamic perspective, child abuse and violence induce trauma with lasting effects on the personality. Several authors mention resulting attachment disorders and behaviors similar to the Stockholm syndrome. Furthermore, in the neurosciences, repeated trauma is considered to lead to disruption between warning neuroanatomical structures and memorization structures, preventing the memorization of events as representations in a space-time continuum, and retaining them only as a strong stress sig
{"title":"Violences et maltraitances intrafamiliales (conjugales, infantiles et sur personnes âgées) : aspects épidémiologiques et approche psychopathologique","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intra-familial violence and abuse includes domestic violence that is not specifically identified as violence against women, abuse and violence against children or elderly relatives. This article provides a legal definition of the notions of violence and abuse. Abuse is virtually inseparable from the notion of vulnerability, which appeared in the 1994 Penal Code in France. The present article summarizes current epidemiological data in France and worldwide and highlights the obvious underestimation of domestic violence both in France and in other parts of the world. One French survey reported that in 1997, 50,000 women were victims of rape and more recently, that 225,000 women had reported being victims of domestic violence. In 2021, there were 143 murders in the context of domestic violence, 85% of which involved women. The mechanisms of this violence are usually described as consisting of 4 cyclic phases alternating between a climate of tension, aggression, disempowerment, and remission (repentance on the part of the perpetrator). From a psychodynamic viewpoint, the phenomenon of ascendancy, initially conceptualized by Freud, makes it possible to understand the submission of the victim towards the aggressor. This phenomenon can lead to the inability of the perpetrator to recognize the otherness of the other (the victim). Systemic approaches recall the notion of circular causality, making the victim part of the system without denying the responsibility for his acts on the part of the perpetrator. The consequences are usually very negative representations of self for the victim and an increased dependence toward the aggressor. The judicial and clinical world has for several years advocated dealing with perpetrators of conjugal violence by issuing an injunction to submit to treatment. This can also include victims who consent to these therapeutic proposals. Child abuse in France involved more than 35,000 children in 2018. In 80% of the cases, the perpetrators were one of the victim's parents. The abuse ranged from psychological violence (about 30%) to sexual violence (3.6%). Globally, the prevalence of physical violence against children was estimated to concern from 5 to 35% of children in 2014. Fifteen to 30% of girls versus 5 to 15% of boys are thought to have suffered some form of sexual violence. The tender age of the child is the first risk factor, given that 50% of violent deaths in 2011 concerned subjects under the age of four months. From a psychodynamic perspective, child abuse and violence induce trauma with lasting effects on the personality. Several authors mention resulting attachment disorders and behaviors similar to the Stockholm syndrome. Furthermore, in the neurosciences, repeated trauma is considered to lead to disruption between warning neuroanatomical structures and memorization structures, preventing the memorization of events as representations in a space-time continuum, and retaining them only as a strong stress sig","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 706-711"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140771760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is the first attempt to explain psychopathologically the mechanisms that play a role in the hidden links that unite the real and virtual worlds. First from the real world to the virtual, then, like a retro-feedback loop, from the virtual world to the real world. These mechanisms are new and recent – less than twenty years old – and highlight a deregulation of instincts, facilitated by a process of disembodiment of behavior. The psychopathological interpretation of these mechanisms and their linking sequences in the real world emphasizes the extent of the amplification and massification of assaults, especially sexual, in the real world. We also examine their trivialization and even their normalization.
{"title":"Liens psychopathologiques entre mondes réel et virtuel. Vers une nouvelle équation criminologique","authors":"Frédéric Dion, Tiphaine Séguret, Marie-Laure Gamet","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article is the first attempt to explain psychopathologically the mechanisms that play a role in the hidden links that unite the real and virtual worlds. First from the real world to the virtual, then, like a retro-feedback loop, from the virtual world to the real world. These mechanisms are new and recent – less than twenty years old – and highlight a deregulation of instincts, facilitated by a process of disembodiment of behavior. The psychopathological interpretation of these mechanisms and their linking sequences in the real world emphasizes the extent of the amplification and massification of assaults, especially sexual, in the real world. We also examine their trivialization and even their normalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 717-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.003
Julie Dufrou , Olivier Sorel
Psychological domination is the reduction of the other person to the status of an object, the annihilation of their subjectivity by denying their needs and desires in favor of the dominator's own. It involves appropriating, dispossessing and dominating the other person. When it occurs within a couple, it takes the form of significant psychological violence, sometimes supplemented by physical and sexual violence which creates a strong dependency and affects the victim's self-esteem. Psychological control is therefore a major issue in the fight against domestic violence which healthcare, legal and social professionals must address. This complex concept can be explained by various criminological and victimological mechanisms. Certain characteristics of psychological functioning, psychological disorders and personality traits constitute risk factors that enable exercising such control or becoming a victim. The quality of the relationship with attachment figures, self-image, access to mentalization, and the relationship with emotions are all factors representing both the etiology and avenues of psychological care for victims and perpetrators of control. In this article, we propose clear and concrete guidelines for understanding the profile of both victims and perpetrators of psychological domination so that we can adapt our perspectives and treatment as accurately as possible. Our goal is to offer our patients the prospect of a healthy relationship with others, and the possibility for victims to break free from this destructive cycle. All of us – caregivers, social workers, and legal professionals – can work in synergy and collaboration to help victims rebuild their lives and prevent perpetrators from repeating their offenses.
{"title":"L’emprise psychologique dans les violences conjugales","authors":"Julie Dufrou , Olivier Sorel","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychological domination is the reduction of the other person to the status of an object, the annihilation of their subjectivity by denying their needs and desires in favor of the dominator's own. It involves appropriating, dispossessing and dominating the other person. When it occurs within a couple, it takes the form of significant psychological violence, sometimes supplemented by physical and sexual violence which creates a strong dependency and affects the victim's self-esteem. Psychological control is therefore a major issue in the fight against domestic violence which healthcare, legal and social professionals must address. This complex concept can be explained by various criminological and victimological mechanisms. Certain characteristics of psychological functioning, psychological disorders and personality traits constitute risk factors that enable exercising such control or becoming a victim. The quality of the relationship with attachment figures, self-image, access to mentalization, and the relationship with emotions are all factors representing both the etiology and avenues of psychological care for victims and perpetrators of control. In this article, we propose clear and concrete guidelines for understanding the profile of both victims and perpetrators of psychological domination so that we can adapt our perspectives and treatment as accurately as possible. Our goal is to offer our patients the prospect of a healthy relationship with others, and the possibility for victims to break free from this destructive cycle. All of us – caregivers, social workers, and legal professionals – can work in synergy and collaboration to help victims rebuild their lives and prevent perpetrators from repeating their offenses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 725-734"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.014
Objective
The study proposes the analysis of the relationship between body image, self-esteem and body shame (dependent variables) in HIV patients according to their age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of their HIV screening. We also wanted to see how independent variables (gender and age) affect self-esteem, body image and body shame.
Methods
Participants included 158 HIV patients (men and women) who completed a battery of self-report measures: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965), the Bruchon-Schweitzer Body Image Scale (BIS) (1990), and the body shame subscale from the Shame Experience Scale (ESS) by Andrews et al. (2002).
Results
The first hypothesis, which tests the link between self-esteem, body image and body shame and the sociodemographic variables (age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of screening), showed a significant relationship among Gabonese HIV patients. The second hypothesis, which evaluates the influence of age and gender on all our dependent variables (self-esteem, body image and body shame), indicated that women are no more likely to express more body dissatisfaction and shame about their bodies and their level of self-esteem is no lower than that of men. Finally, an intergroup comparison demonstrated that self-esteem is lower among youth in certain age groups.
Conclusion
There are significant links between self-esteem, body image and body shame with a lower level of self-esteem in young HIV patients. For clinicians involved in the management of HIV patients, knowledge of the level of self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and body shame would allow for the development of appropriate care and therapeutic intervention goals (therapeutic group, self-efficacy group).
本研究拟根据 HIV 患者的年龄、性别、受教育程度、HIV 感染状况和 HIV 筛查年份，分析其身体形象、自尊和身体羞耻感（因变量）之间的关系。我们还想了解自变量（性别和年龄）对自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感的影响。方法参加者包括 158 名艾滋病患者（男性和女性），他们完成了一系列自我报告测量：罗森伯格自尊量表（1965 年）、布鲁雄-施韦策身体形象量表（BIS）（1990 年）和安德鲁斯等人（2002 年）的羞耻体验量表（ESS）中的身体羞耻感分量表。(结果第一个假设检验了自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感与社会人口变量（年龄、性别、教育程度、艾滋病感染状况和筛查年份）之间的联系，结果显示加蓬艾滋病患者的自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感之间存在显著关系。第二个假设是评估年龄和性别对所有因变量（自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感）的影响，结果表明，女性并不比男性更容易对自己的身体表示不满和羞耻，她们的自尊水平也不比男性低。结论：自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感之间存在显著联系，年轻艾滋病患者的自尊水平较低。对于参与艾滋病患者管理的临床医生来说，了解自尊、身体不满意和身体羞耻的程度有助于制定适当的护理和治疗干预目标（治疗组、自我效能组）。
{"title":"Image du corps et estime de soi des patients VIH au Gabon","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The study proposes the analysis of the relationship between body image, self-esteem and body shame (dependent variables) in HIV patients according to their age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of their HIV screening. We also wanted to see how independent variables (gender and age) affect self-esteem, body image and body shame.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants included 158 HIV patients (men and women) who completed a battery of self-report measures: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965), the Bruchon-Schweitzer Body Image Scale (BIS) (1990), and the body shame subscale from the Shame Experience Scale (ESS) by Andrews et al. (2002).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The first hypothesis, which tests the link between self-esteem, body image and body shame and the sociodemographic variables (age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of screening), showed a significant relationship among Gabonese HIV patients. The second hypothesis, which evaluates the influence of age and gender on all our dependent variables (self-esteem, body image and body shame), indicated that women are no more likely to express more body dissatisfaction and shame about their bodies and their level of self-esteem is no lower than that of men. Finally, an intergroup comparison demonstrated that self-esteem is lower among youth in certain age groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There are significant links between self-esteem, body image and body shame with a lower level of self-esteem in young HIV patients. For clinicians involved in the management of HIV patients, knowledge of the level of self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and body shame would allow for the development of appropriate care and therapeutic intervention goals (therapeutic group, self-efficacy group).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 7","pages":"Pages 593-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83948435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.003
Alia Maherzi , Marie-Rose Moro , Rahmeth Radjack
Many studies have highlighted the psychological impact and resulting vulnerability inherent in being second-generation immigrant (SGI) children. Some studies have also demonstrated that the symptoms of SGI adolescents can be the manifestations of traumas that have been unconsciously transmitted from one generation to another. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to investigate the different therapeutic processes and tools used by therapists during transcultural therapy to support conscious intergenerational and transgenerational transmission in their care of SGI adolescents and their participating family members. The monitoring of three patients, SGI adolescents, of different ages and origins, provided data that were analyzed using a clinical and transcultural qualitative method. The analysis of 10 sessions of transcultural psychotherapy with each SGI adolescent patient reveals, first of all, that this therapeutic device is illustrative in the care of SGI children suffering from the symptoms of inter- and transcultural transmissions of trauma. It also highlights various therapeutic levers and approaches to transcultural counseling that can enable families to consciously unveil their family and cultural histories. This research project also proposes a methodology where the inter- and transgenerational transmissions can be adapted to favor the healthy development of SGI adolescents’ identity and that can also be applied in other group or individual therapeutic devices.
{"title":"Comment soutenir la transmission consciente au sein des familles avec des adolescents enfants de migrants ?","authors":"Alia Maherzi , Marie-Rose Moro , Rahmeth Radjack","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many studies have highlighted the psychological impact and resulting vulnerability inherent in being second-generation immigrant (SGI) children. Some studies have also demonstrated that the symptoms of SGI adolescents can be the manifestations of traumas that have been unconsciously transmitted from one generation to another. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to investigate the different therapeutic processes and tools used by therapists during transcultural therapy to support conscious intergenerational and transgenerational transmission in their care of SGI adolescents and their participating family members. The monitoring of three patients, SGI adolescents, of different ages and origins, provided data that were analyzed using a clinical and transcultural qualitative method. The analysis of 10 sessions of transcultural psychotherapy with each SGI adolescent patient reveals, first of all, that this therapeutic device is illustrative in the care of SGI children suffering from the symptoms of inter- and transcultural transmissions of trauma. It also highlights various therapeutic levers and approaches to transcultural counseling that can enable families to consciously unveil their family and cultural histories. This research project also proposes a methodology where the inter- and transgenerational transmissions can be adapted to favor the healthy development of SGI adolescents’ identity and that can also be applied in other group or individual therapeutic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 7","pages":"Pages 619-624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000344872400177X/pdfft?md5=6131fe69e694b8fcd40fd37f8b2edfd2&pid=1-s2.0-S000344872400177X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.001
Chloé Lamotte d’Incamps , Alice Titia Rizzi
Exiles have often experienced multiple traumas, and when they arrive in France, they generally find themselves in precarious social situations, often with a certain level of nomadism and significant isolation. Unfortunately, the existing mental health care services available for exiles are currently inadequate, and more resources and innovative approaches to providing care would help alleviate the pressure of demand. The presentation of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in this population is often somatic, with frequent initial misdiagnoses. Through the study of three clinical vignettes, we are able to substantiate that a trained general practitioner, as the primary care physician, can readily establish a bond of trust that has often been broken, restore a sense of security, and provide support, which is at the core of trauma care for these patients who are often dehumanized and isolated, far from their supportive cultural environment. The general practitioner can screen, refer, and manage these psycho-traumas according to their competence, serving as a resource person and using a complementary approach while taking into account all the symptoms presented by the patients. Addressing PTSD in a transcultural context requires essential decentralization and comprehensive patient care to establish a therapeutic alliance necessary for quality care. This approach is increasingly being used in general medical practice. Additionally, the continuity of care over time helps prevent breaks in treatment, which can be traumatic for these patients. The treatment provided by the general practitioner will help to improve access to mental healthcare for refugees and to develop structures specialized in treating psychotrauma in migrant populations, while at the same time being innovative in patient care.
{"title":"Pertinence de la prise en charge des psychotraumatismes des exilés primo-arrivants par les médecins généralistes","authors":"Chloé Lamotte d’Incamps , Alice Titia Rizzi","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exiles have often experienced multiple traumas, and when they arrive in France, they generally find themselves in precarious social situations, often with a certain level of nomadism and significant isolation. Unfortunately, the existing mental health care services available for exiles are currently inadequate, and more resources and innovative approaches to providing care would help alleviate the pressure of demand. The presentation of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in this population is often somatic, with frequent initial misdiagnoses. Through the study of three clinical vignettes, we are able to substantiate that a trained general practitioner, as the primary care physician, can readily establish a bond of trust that has often been broken, restore a sense of security, and provide support, which is at the core of trauma care for these patients who are often dehumanized and isolated, far from their supportive cultural environment. The general practitioner can screen, refer, and manage these psycho-traumas according to their competence, serving as a resource person and using a complementary approach while taking into account all the symptoms presented by the patients. Addressing PTSD in a transcultural context requires essential decentralization and comprehensive patient care to establish a therapeutic alliance necessary for quality care. This approach is increasingly being used in general medical practice. Additionally, the continuity of care over time helps prevent breaks in treatment, which can be traumatic for these patients. The treatment provided by the general practitioner will help to improve access to mental healthcare for refugees and to develop structures specialized in treating psychotrauma in migrant populations, while at the same time being innovative in patient care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 7","pages":"Pages 644-648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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