What is psychiatry about? As professionals in the Department of Psychiatry of the Sainte-Anne Army Hospital in Toulon, we decided to formulate an initial three-way discussion between psycho-motor specialists, psychologists and psychiatrists on the subject of psychiatric care, bearing in mind the nuances and even the divergences in our practices. Our current work does not claim to lead to unequivocal thinking; it is based on a desire to support the need for continuity of care, for working together, and for decompartmentalizing the different areas where the subject of psychiatry is relevant, especially in light of the discontinuity that is present in the practice of psychiatry in France today. Our common thread will be transference as a necessary element so that this encounter can develop an unprecedented form of expression.
This interview between professors Jean-Pierre Bouchard and Suzanne Léveillée focuses on the psychosocial issues of women who have undergone neonaticide. This type of intrafamilial homicide is particularly difficult to understand and the number of cases is almost impossible to determine. These women give birth in secret, and the people around them had not observed their physical change. A psychosocial portrait is drawn up and some elements of understanding are highlighted in this text. The denial of pregnancy, the extreme loneliness of these women and mental health issues allow us to better understand them. Clinical vignettes are developed to identify some elements of these women's life trajectories as well as to set out some avenues for prevention.
A society where desolation and delirium reigns attacks first and foremost the human and social sciences, and runs the risk of breaking the bonds of intersubjectivity and solidarity. The renunciation of the latter is at the root of the collective loss of meaning and the return of fear of madness. Mental health caregivers feel the impact of this new world and, seized by the urgency of the situation, act in the present rather than looking to the future, taking history into account, medicalizing and then subjecting human problems of life and death to psychiatric analysis and treatment. The rationalization of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches dictated more by today's economism, which is not a human and social science but an ideology, threatens to sweep away the achievements of institutional child psychiatry, and the indispensable ethic of inter-human encounter that lies at the heart of care.
The literature in the field of ACEs (Adverse Childhood Experiences) has, since the seminal study begun in 1998 by Felitti and his team, provided the link between childhood adversity and the emergence of health problems in adulthood. This relationship between life history and health is based on a cumulative risk model. Since then, different models have been proposed, but for most studies, the cumulative adversity model is the main one considered. This model, although relevant, has important limitations that must be taken into account. It therefore seems essential to take stock of the existing models in the literature in consideration of their interests and their limitations in order to better understand the relationship between adversity experienced during childhood and health in adulthood. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the most relevant models in the literature so as to understand their importance for research in the field. Finally, we will put the data of the literature into perspective to propose the deployment of more precise research approaches in the field of ACEs.
Based on a clinical situation taken from doctoral research, the author wishes to show how the unconscious psychic issues re-actualized by migration and bereavement can hinder the occurrence of a subsequent pregnancy. The choice of this clinical vignette is explained by its paradigmatic dimension, the richness, and the quality of clinical elements.
This clinical situation is based on a qualitative methodology of descriptive case analysis which integrates the “grounded theory”.
The analysis underlines, on the intrapsychic level, issues of the order of unelaborated traumas (unplanned mourning) and a negativity of the relationship to the maternal figure which hinder the desire for a child. Psychotherapeutic care would seem to be necessary in order to offer the opportunity for development in the event that the pregnancy did not take place, to initiate a process of grieving over the numerous losses (migration, father, fetuses, reproductive function), and to work on the relationship to the mother figure.
Problematic Internet use (PIU) is defined as a person's inability to control his/her Internet that leads to a disruption and a deterioration in fulfilling social, work, and personal responsibilities. PIU is reported to be more common in university students, especially in medical school students, than in the general population. Research has indicated that social media use in the classroom, an anxious attachment style and low self-esteem were associated with PIU in medical school students. This study aims to determine whether PIU is associated with attachment styles, self-esteem, loneliness, and social media use in the classroom, as well as to provide theoretical information about factors associated with PIU among medical students.
Participants were asked to fill out a socio-demographic form, the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form (APIINT), the Experiences of Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI), and the UCLA Loneliness Scale.
Participants who scored above the APIINT total score cut-off point were found to have significantly higher rates of social media use, higher UCLA and ECR-R anxiety subscale scores than those who scored below the APIINT total score cut-off point, while CSEI scores were found to be significantly lower compared to participants who scored below the APIINT total score cut-off point. According to the results of a logistical regression analysis, it was observed that social media use in the classroom, anxious attachment style and low self-esteem were associated with PIU.
The results of the study indicate that the use of social media in the classroom, anxious attachment style, and low self-esteem are significant risk factors for PIU.
In this paper, the author describes the first moments of the introduction of psychoanalysis in child psychiatry and the context of their emergence in the 1920s and 1930s in France. They are contemporaneous with the difficult introduction of psychoanalysis into the medical world. Child psychoanalysis then appeared as a prophylaxis of neurotic disorders, and aroused the interest of educational psychologists and educators. It traces the pioneering work of psychoanalyst Sophie Morgenstern in Georges Heuyer's child psychiatry consultation, and that of Pierre Mâle in Henri Rousselle's child psychiatry consultation. After the Liberation, he became the recognized specialist in adolescent psychotherapy. On the other hand, Morgenstern's legacy will be forgotten or disowned by those who will succeed her, and the author wonders about the reasons for this phenomenon. This pioneering work, which drew a new face of normal and abnormal childhood, was to be greatly expanded after the Second World War.
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