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Liens psychopathologiques entre mondes réel et virtuel. Vers une nouvelle équation criminologique 现实世界与虚拟世界之间的精神病理学联系。建立新的犯罪学方程
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.001
This article is the first attempt to explain psychopathologically the mechanisms that play a role in the hidden links that unite the real and virtual worlds. First from the real world to the virtual, then, like a retro-feedback loop, from the virtual world to the real world. These mechanisms are new and recent – less than twenty years old – and highlight a deregulation of instincts, facilitated by a process of disembodiment of behavior. The psychopathological interpretation of these mechanisms and their linking sequences in the real world emphasizes the extent of the amplification and massification of assaults, especially sexual, in the real world. We also examine their trivialization and even their normalization.
这篇文章首次尝试从精神病理学的角度解释将现实世界和虚拟世界联系在一起的隐性联系的作用机制。首先从现实世界到虚拟世界,然后像一个回溯反馈回路一样,从虚拟世界到现实世界。这些机制都是新近出现的--不到二十年的历史--它们凸显了本能的失调,而行为的非实体化过程则为其提供了便利。对这些机制及其在现实世界中的关联序列的精神病理学解释,强调了现实世界中攻击行为,尤其是性攻击行为被放大和大规模化的程度。我们还研究了它们被轻视甚至正常化的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Violences et maltraitances intrafamiliales (conjugales, infantiles et sur personnes âgées) : aspects épidémiologiques et approche psychopathologique 家庭暴力和虐待(婚内虐待、虐待儿童和虐待老人):流行病学方面和心理病理学方法
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.12.014
<div><div>Intra-familial violence and abuse includes domestic violence that is not specifically identified as violence against women, abuse and violence against children or elderly relatives. This article provides a legal definition of the notions of violence and abuse. Abuse is virtually inseparable from the notion of vulnerability, which appeared in the 1994 Penal Code in France. The present article summarizes current epidemiological data in France and worldwide and highlights the obvious underestimation of domestic violence both in France and in other parts of the world. One French survey reported that in 1997, 50,000 women were victims of rape and more recently, that 225,000 women had reported being victims of domestic violence. In 2021, there were 143 murders in the context of domestic violence, 85% of which involved women. The mechanisms of this violence are usually described as consisting of 4 cyclic phases alternating between a climate of tension, aggression, disempowerment, and remission (repentance on the part of the perpetrator). From a psychodynamic viewpoint, the phenomenon of ascendancy, initially conceptualized by Freud, makes it possible to understand the submission of the victim towards the aggressor. This phenomenon can lead to the inability of the perpetrator to recognize the otherness of the other (the victim). Systemic approaches recall the notion of circular causality, making the victim part of the system without denying the responsibility for his acts on the part of the perpetrator. The consequences are usually very negative representations of self for the victim and an increased dependence toward the aggressor. The judicial and clinical world has for several years advocated dealing with perpetrators of conjugal violence by issuing an injunction to submit to treatment. This can also include victims who consent to these therapeutic proposals. Child abuse in France involved more than 35,000 children in 2018. In 80% of the cases, the perpetrators were one of the victim's parents. The abuse ranged from psychological violence (about 30%) to sexual violence (3.6%). Globally, the prevalence of physical violence against children was estimated to concern from 5 to 35% of children in 2014. Fifteen to 30% of girls versus 5 to 15% of boys are thought to have suffered some form of sexual violence. The tender age of the child is the first risk factor, given that 50% of violent deaths in 2011 concerned subjects under the age of four months. From a psychodynamic perspective, child abuse and violence induce trauma with lasting effects on the personality. Several authors mention resulting attachment disorders and behaviors similar to the Stockholm syndrome. Furthermore, in the neurosciences, repeated trauma is considered to lead to disruption between warning neuroanatomical structures and memorization structures, preventing the memorization of events as representations in a space-time continuum, and retaining them only as a strong stress sig
家庭内部暴力和虐待包括未明确认定为暴力侵害妇女行为的家庭暴力、虐待和暴力侵害儿童或老年亲属的行为。本条提供了暴力和虐待概念的法律定义。虐待实际上与法国1994年《刑法典》中出现的 "脆弱性 "概念密不可分。本文总结了目前法国和世界范围内的流行病学数据,并强调了法国和世界其他地区对家庭暴力的明显低估。法国的一项调查报告称,1997 年有 5 万名妇女成为强奸受害者,最近又有 22.5 万名妇女称自己是家庭暴力的受害者。2021 年,发生了 143 起家庭暴力谋杀案,其中 85%涉及妇女。这种暴力的机制通常被描述为由紧张气氛、攻击、丧失能力和缓解(施暴者悔改)四个循环阶段交替进行。从心理动力学的角度来看,弗洛伊德最初提出的 "上升 "现象使我们有可能理解受害者对施暴者的屈服。这种现象可能导致施暴者无法认识到他人(受害者)的他者性。系统方法回顾了循环因果关系的概念,使受害者成为系统的一部分,但不否认施暴者对其行为负有责任。这样做的后果通常是,受害者对自我的描述非常消极,对施暴者的依赖性增加。多年来,司法界和临床界一直主张通过下达接受治疗的禁令来处理夫妻间暴力的施暴者。这也包括同意这些治疗建议的受害者。2018年,法国的虐童案件涉及35000多名儿童。在80%的案件中,施暴者是受害者的父母之一。虐待行为从心理暴力(约30%)到性暴力(3.6%)不等。据估计,2014 年全球儿童遭受身体暴力的比例为 5%至 35%。15%至30%的女童和5%至15%的男童被认为遭受过某种形式的性暴力。儿童年龄小是第一个风险因素,因为2011年50%的暴力死亡事件涉及到4个月以下的儿童。从心理动力学的角度来看,虐待和暴力会对儿童的人格造成持久的创伤。一些作者提到了由此导致的依恋障碍和类似斯德哥尔摩综合症的行为。此外,在神经科学领域,反复的创伤被认为会导致警告性神经解剖结构和记忆结构之间的中断,阻止将事件作为时空连续体中的表征进行记忆,而仅将其作为一种强烈的压力信号保留下来。除了暴力致死和直接的面部创伤外,这种虐待还导致一生的身心健康岌岌可危。虐待老年人已成为全球社会的一个事实。这种现象可能影响到全世界 141 000 000 人,在法国就有近 7 000 人。受害者通常是妇女、寡妇、受抚养人和有一定经济能力的人。据报告,施暴者往往是疲惫不堪的照顾者,但这并不能解释涉及金钱的虐待为何如此频繁。举报后提起诉讼的情况很少见。无论是在法国还是在全球范围内,对家庭内部暴力的低估都是显而易见的,这是否与报告此类事件所涉及的问题有关,还是与对虐待的模糊定义有关。本文强调了与针对妇女和儿童的暴力事件相比,针对老年人的暴力事件更少向法院报告。最后,作者提出了一种心理病理学方法、神经科学见解以及对家庭内暴力和虐待的治疗观点。
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引用次数: 0
L’emprise psychologique dans les violences conjugales 家庭暴力中的心理控制
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.003
Psychological domination is the reduction of the other person to the status of an object, the annihilation of their subjectivity by denying their needs and desires in favor of the dominator's own. It involves appropriating, dispossessing and dominating the other person. When it occurs within a couple, it takes the form of significant psychological violence, sometimes supplemented by physical and sexual violence which creates a strong dependency and affects the victim's self-esteem. Psychological control is therefore a major issue in the fight against domestic violence which healthcare, legal and social professionals must address. This complex concept can be explained by various criminological and victimological mechanisms. Certain characteristics of psychological functioning, psychological disorders and personality traits constitute risk factors that enable exercising such control or becoming a victim. The quality of the relationship with attachment figures, self-image, access to mentalization, and the relationship with emotions are all factors representing both the etiology and avenues of psychological care for victims and perpetrators of control. In this article, we propose clear and concrete guidelines for understanding the profile of both victims and perpetrators of psychological domination so that we can adapt our perspectives and treatment as accurately as possible. Our goal is to offer our patients the prospect of a healthy relationship with others, and the possibility for victims to break free from this destructive cycle. All of us – caregivers, social workers, and legal professionals – can work in synergy and collaboration to help victims rebuild their lives and prevent perpetrators from repeating their offenses.
心理支配是将他人贬低到客体的地位,通过否定他人的需求和欲望来消灭他人的主观能动性,以满足支配者自己的需求和欲望。它包括占有、剥夺和支配他人。当它发生在夫妻之间时,其形式是严重的心理暴力,有时还辅以身体暴力和性暴力,从而造成强烈的依赖性并影响受害者的自尊。因此,心理控制是打击家庭暴力的一个主要问题,医疗、法律和社会专业人员必须加以解决。这个复杂的概念可以用各种犯罪学和受害者学机制来解释。心理功能的某些特征、心理障碍和人格特质构成了能够行使这种控制或成为受害者的风险因素。与依恋人物关系的质量、自我形象、获得心理化的途径以及与情感的关系都是代表控制受害者和施害者的病因和心理治疗途径的因素。在这篇文章中,我们提出了明确而具体的指导原则,以了解心理控制的受害者和施虐者的特征,从而尽可能准确地调整我们的观点和治疗方法。我们的目标是为患者提供与他人建立健康关系的前景,并为受害者提供摆脱这种破坏性循环的可能性。我们所有人--护理人员、社会工作者和法律专业人士--都可以协同合作,帮助受害者重建生活,防止施暴者再次犯罪。
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引用次数: 0
Analyse de livre 书籍分析
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.004
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引用次数: 0
Comment soutenir la transmission consciente au sein des familles avec des adolescents enfants de migrants ? 如何支持移民青少年子女家庭的自觉传承?
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.003

Many studies have highlighted the psychological impact and resulting vulnerability inherent in being second-generation immigrant (SGI) children. Some studies have also demonstrated that the symptoms of SGI adolescents can be the manifestations of traumas that have been unconsciously transmitted from one generation to another. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to investigate the different therapeutic processes and tools used by therapists during transcultural therapy to support conscious intergenerational and transgenerational transmission in their care of SGI adolescents and their participating family members. The monitoring of three patients, SGI adolescents, of different ages and origins, provided data that were analyzed using a clinical and transcultural qualitative method. The analysis of 10 sessions of transcultural psychotherapy with each SGI adolescent patient reveals, first of all, that this therapeutic device is illustrative in the care of SGI children suffering from the symptoms of inter- and transcultural transmissions of trauma. It also highlights various therapeutic levers and approaches to transcultural counseling that can enable families to consciously unveil their family and cultural histories. This research project also proposes a methodology where the inter- and transgenerational transmissions can be adapted to favor the healthy development of SGI adolescents’ identity and that can also be applied in other group or individual therapeutic devices.

许多研究都强调了作为第二代移民(SGI)子女所固有的心理影响和由此产生的脆弱性。一些研究还表明,SGI 青少年的症状可能是无意识地从一代传给另一代的创伤的表现。本文的研究目的是调查治疗师在跨文化治疗过程中使用的不同治疗过程和工具,以支持他们在照顾 SGI 青少年及其参与家庭成员时有意识地进行代际和跨代传播。我们采用临床和跨文化定性方法,对三位不同年龄和出身的 SGI 青少年患者进行了监测,并对监测数据进行了分析。对每名 SGI 青少年患者进行的 10 次跨文化心理治疗分析表明,首先,这种治疗方法在治疗患有跨文化和跨文化创伤症状的 SGI 儿童方面具有很好的示范作用。此外,它还强调了跨文化咨询的各种治疗杠杆和方法,这些杠杆和方法可以帮助家庭有意识地揭示其家庭和文化历史。本研究项目还提出了一种方法论,可将跨文化和跨世代的传承加以调整,以促进 SGI 青少年身份认同的健康发展,这种方法论也可应用于其他团体或个人治疗手段中。
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引用次数: 0
Image du corps et estime de soi des patients VIH au Gabon 加蓬艾滋病毒感染者的身体形象与自尊
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.014

Objective

The study proposes the analysis of the relationship between body image, self-esteem and body shame (dependent variables) in HIV patients according to their age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of their HIV screening. We also wanted to see how independent variables (gender and age) affect self-esteem, body image and body shame.

Methods

Participants included 158 HIV patients (men and women) who completed a battery of self-report measures: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965), the Bruchon-Schweitzer Body Image Scale (BIS) (1990), and the body shame subscale from the Shame Experience Scale (ESS) by Andrews et al. (2002).

Results

The first hypothesis, which tests the link between self-esteem, body image and body shame and the sociodemographic variables (age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of screening), showed a significant relationship among Gabonese HIV patients. The second hypothesis, which evaluates the influence of age and gender on all our dependent variables (self-esteem, body image and body shame), indicated that women are no more likely to express more body dissatisfaction and shame about their bodies and their level of self-esteem is no lower than that of men. Finally, an intergroup comparison demonstrated that self-esteem is lower among youth in certain age groups.

Conclusion

There are significant links between self-esteem, body image and body shame with a lower level of self-esteem in young HIV patients. For clinicians involved in the management of HIV patients, knowledge of the level of self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and body shame would allow for the development of appropriate care and therapeutic intervention goals (therapeutic group, self-efficacy group).

本研究拟根据 HIV 患者的年龄、性别、受教育程度、HIV 感染状况和 HIV 筛查年份,分析其身体形象、自尊和身体羞耻感(因变量)之间的关系。我们还想了解自变量(性别和年龄)对自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感的影响。方法参加者包括 158 名艾滋病患者(男性和女性),他们完成了一系列自我报告测量:罗森伯格自尊量表(1965 年)、布鲁雄-施韦策身体形象量表(BIS)(1990 年)和安德鲁斯等人(2002 年)的羞耻体验量表(ESS)中的身体羞耻感分量表。(结果第一个假设检验了自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感与社会人口变量(年龄、性别、教育程度、艾滋病感染状况和筛查年份)之间的联系,结果显示加蓬艾滋病患者的自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感之间存在显著关系。第二个假设是评估年龄和性别对所有因变量(自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感)的影响,结果表明,女性并不比男性更容易对自己的身体表示不满和羞耻,她们的自尊水平也不比男性低。结论:自尊、身体形象和身体羞耻感之间存在显著联系,年轻艾滋病患者的自尊水平较低。对于参与艾滋病患者管理的临床医生来说,了解自尊、身体不满意和身体羞耻的程度有助于制定适当的护理和治疗干预目标(治疗组、自我效能组)。
{"title":"Image du corps et estime de soi des patients VIH au Gabon","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The study proposes the analysis of the relationship between body image, self-esteem and body shame (dependent variables) in HIV patients according to their age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of their HIV screening. We also wanted to see how independent variables (gender and age) affect self-esteem, body image and body shame.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants included 158 HIV patients (men and women) who completed a battery of self-report measures: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965), the Bruchon-Schweitzer Body Image Scale (BIS) (1990), and the body shame subscale from the Shame Experience Scale (ESS) by Andrews et al. (2002).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The first hypothesis, which tests the link between self-esteem, body image and body shame and the sociodemographic variables (age, gender, level of education, HIV status and year of screening), showed a significant relationship among Gabonese HIV patients. The second hypothesis, which evaluates the influence of age and gender on all our dependent variables (self-esteem, body image and body shame), indicated that women are no more likely to express more body dissatisfaction and shame about their bodies and their level of self-esteem is no lower than that of men. Finally, an intergroup comparison demonstrated that self-esteem is lower among youth in certain age groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There are significant links between self-esteem, body image and body shame with a lower level of self-esteem in young HIV patients. For clinicians involved in the management of HIV patients, knowledge of the level of self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and body shame would allow for the development of appropriate care and therapeutic intervention goals (therapeutic group, self-efficacy group).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83948435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pertinence de la prise en charge des psychotraumatismes des exilés primo-arrivants par les médecins généralistes 全科医生治疗新到流亡者精神创伤的相关性
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.001

Exiles have often experienced multiple traumas, and when they arrive in France, they generally find themselves in precarious social situations, often with a certain level of nomadism and significant isolation. Unfortunately, the existing mental health care services available for exiles are currently inadequate, and more resources and innovative approaches to providing care would help alleviate the pressure of demand. The presentation of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in this population is often somatic, with frequent initial misdiagnoses. Through the study of three clinical vignettes, we are able to substantiate that a trained general practitioner, as the primary care physician, can readily establish a bond of trust that has often been broken, restore a sense of security, and provide support, which is at the core of trauma care for these patients who are often dehumanized and isolated, far from their supportive cultural environment. The general practitioner can screen, refer, and manage these psycho-traumas according to their competence, serving as a resource person and using a complementary approach while taking into account all the symptoms presented by the patients. Addressing PTSD in a transcultural context requires essential decentralization and comprehensive patient care to establish a therapeutic alliance necessary for quality care. This approach is increasingly being used in general medical practice. Additionally, the continuity of care over time helps prevent breaks in treatment, which can be traumatic for these patients. The treatment provided by the general practitioner will help to improve access to mental healthcare for refugees and to develop structures specialized in treating psychotrauma in migrant populations, while at the same time being innovative in patient care.

流亡者往往经历过多重创伤,当他们抵达法国时,通常会发现自己的社会处境岌岌可危,往往具有一定程度的游牧性和严重的孤独感。遗憾的是,目前为流亡者提供的心理保健服务并不充分,更多的资源和创新的护理方法将有助于缓解需求压力。这类人群的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)通常表现为躯体症状,最初经常被误诊。通过对三个临床案例的研究,我们能够证实,训练有素的全科医生作为初级保健医生,可以随时建立经常被破坏的信任纽带,恢复安全感,并提供支持,这是创伤护理的核心,因为这些患者经常被非人化和孤立,远离其支持性的文化环境。全科医生可以根据自己的能力对这些精神创伤进行筛查、转诊和管理,充当顾问,采用补充方法,同时考虑到患者出现的所有症状。在跨文化背景下解决创伤后应激障碍问题需要基本的权力下放和全面的病人护理,以建立优质护理所需的治疗联盟。这种方法正越来越多地应用于普通医疗实践中。此外,长期持续的护理有助于防止治疗中断,因为治疗中断可能会给这些患者造成创伤。全科医生提供的治疗将有助于改善难民获得心理保健的机会,并发展专门治疗移民人口精神创伤的机构,同时在病人护理方面具有创新性。
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引用次数: 0
La clinique transculturelle d’aujourd’hui face à des sociétés en changement 当今不断变化的社会中的跨文化诊所
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.005
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引用次数: 0
La révélation d’un inceste entre frère et sœur dans le cadre d’une prise en charge pédopsychiatrique : étude qualitative auprès d’adolescentes et leurs parents 在儿童精神病护理中披露兄弟姐妹间的乱伦行为:对少女及其父母的定性研究
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.010

Objective

Incest among siblings is a topic that is not often discussed despite its frequency. The objective of this study is to explore the subjective experience of the disclosure of brother/sister incest by the adolescent victim and their parents in the context of child psychiatric care.

Method

This is a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with three adolescent victims who were under child psychiatric care and who had revealed the brother/sister incest to their caregivers for the first time, as well as with two mothers of adolescent victims. The analysis of the data was conducted using the interpretative phenomenological analysis method.

Results

The results include eleven themes grouped into three meta-themes: (1) pre-disclosure: a state of unease that leads to the initiation of care; (2) the experience of disclosure to a health professional; (3) post-disclosure and its consequences. The different themes highlight the specificities of the experience of the disclosure of incest during the teenage years and the consequences for the parent–child relationship and also for the victim's relationship to the family depending on the adolescent's perspective, parental support, and the medical and legal support.

Conclusion

The vulnerability of the adolescent population in a context of disclosure of intrafamilial sexual abuse between brothers and sisters makes it essential that we conceive of care in a specific way and take into account family and transcultural approaches. This study allows us to identify research perspectives in the field of child psychiatry as well as to formulate concrete clinical proposals, in particular a multidisciplinary support protocol on three different levels: individual, parental and familial.

目的兄妹乱伦是一个尽管经常发生却不常被讨论的话题。本研究旨在探讨青少年受害者及其父母在儿童精神病护理过程中披露兄妹乱伦行为的主观体验。方法 这是一项定性研究,基于半结构化访谈,访谈对象包括三名接受儿童精神病护理的青少年受害者,他们首次向护理人员披露了兄妹乱伦行为,以及两名青少年受害者的母亲。数据分析采用了解释性现象学分析方法。结果结果包括 11 个主题,分为三个元主题:(1) 披露前:导致开始护理的不安状态;(2) 向医疗专业人员披露的经历;(3) 披露后及其后果。不同的主题突出了青少年时期披露乱伦经历的特殊性,以及对亲子关系和受害者与家庭关系的影响,这取决于青少年的观点、父母的支持以及医疗和法律支持。这项研究让我们确定了儿童精神病学领域的研究视角,并制定了具体的临床建议,特别是在个人、父母和家庭三个不同层面上的多学科支持方案。
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引用次数: 0
Avorter : pratique universelle et transculturelle. Le combat des femmes argentines dans la légalisation de l’avortement 堕胎:一种普遍的、跨文化的做法。阿根廷妇女争取堕胎合法化的斗争
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.05.004

The legal implications of abortion worldwide do not confer the same rights or conditions on women. Although abortion has been practiced for centuries in all societies, it remains highly unequal in legislative terms throughout the world. This article traces the historical, socio-cultural and political contexts in which decisions to criminalize and decriminalize abortion have been made, particularly in Argentina. Representations of the status of the fetus and of women's social condition that have been developed by each society, provide additional insight into the issues surrounding this universal and transcultural practice. The female body, and its procreative function, correspond to the interests of state policies. The fight by Argentinian women to legalize abortion is an example of rebellion against the weight of patriarchal traditions.

全世界堕胎的法律影响并未赋予妇女相同的权利或条件。尽管堕胎在所有社会中都已存在了几个世纪,但在世界各地,堕胎在立法方面仍然是极不平等的。本文追溯了将堕胎定为刑事犯罪和非刑事犯罪的历史、社会文化和政治背景,尤其是在阿根廷。每个社会对胎儿地位和妇女社会地位的表述,使我们对这一普遍的、跨文化的做法所涉及的问题有了更深入的了解。女性的身体及其生育功能符合国家政策的利益。阿根廷妇女争取堕胎合法化的斗争是反抗父权传统的一个例子。
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引用次数: 0
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Annales medico-psychologiques
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