<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is dual. On the one hand, it aims to compare two groups of professionals working with individuals with schizophrenia in different settings: psychiatric services and social services, in order to examine the stigma of schizophrenia across various indicators. On the other hand, it also seeks to compare explicit measures of stigmatization with more implicit ones. Explicit indicators of stigma were used, such as the scale of discrimination and social distance, as well as stereotypical traits attributed to these individuals. According to the stereotype content model, individuals or groups can be categorized along two dimensions: warmth and competence. Warmth refers to interpersonal intentions and social or moral qualities, while competence concerns individuals’ motivations or abilities to achieve their goals. An indicator of infrahumanization was also employed to measure the implicit stigma of these disorders. The theory of infrahumanization distinguishes between primary and secondary emotions, the latter being specific to humans, and posits that people tend to perceive outgroup members as less human than ingroup members. For example, people attribute fewer specifically human positive or negative emotions to members of certain outgroups compared to ingroup members.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited 91 professionals (nurses, physicians/psychiatrists, social workers, and psychologists) from two types of facilities: psychiatric services and social services, who were randomly asked to complete an online questionnaire on schizophrenia. We used four scales of stigma measuring discrimination and social distance, stereotypes (warmth and competence), and infrahumanization. Sociodemographic variables as well as social dominance orientation were also tested. Social dominance orientation is a concept that refers to an individual's preference for hierarchy in social relations, where certain groups dominate others, and the belief that such inequalities should be maintained and justified. It leads to the adoption of beliefs that legitimize and perpetuate discrimination against people with schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>First, the descriptive analyses show an overall score for individuals working with people suffering from mental disorders that indicates that individuals with schizophrenia are moderately stigmatized. The competence and warmth scores attributed are also average and suggest that professionals working with people suffering from mental disorders are moderately agree that users with schizophrenia exhibit traits of warmth and competence. On the other hand, the obtained score reveals slight infrahumanization. In other words, participants, regardless of professional context, attributed more specifically human traits to themselves than to individuals with schizophrenia. Furthermore, a significant effect of the type of facility was found for all four discrimination measures.
{"title":"Analyse comparative de la stigmatisation de la schizophrénie chez deux publics de professionnels","authors":"Annette Burguet , Frédérique Girard , Emmanuel Gallet","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is dual. On the one hand, it aims to compare two groups of professionals working with individuals with schizophrenia in different settings: psychiatric services and social services, in order to examine the stigma of schizophrenia across various indicators. On the other hand, it also seeks to compare explicit measures of stigmatization with more implicit ones. Explicit indicators of stigma were used, such as the scale of discrimination and social distance, as well as stereotypical traits attributed to these individuals. According to the stereotype content model, individuals or groups can be categorized along two dimensions: warmth and competence. Warmth refers to interpersonal intentions and social or moral qualities, while competence concerns individuals’ motivations or abilities to achieve their goals. An indicator of infrahumanization was also employed to measure the implicit stigma of these disorders. The theory of infrahumanization distinguishes between primary and secondary emotions, the latter being specific to humans, and posits that people tend to perceive outgroup members as less human than ingroup members. For example, people attribute fewer specifically human positive or negative emotions to members of certain outgroups compared to ingroup members.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited 91 professionals (nurses, physicians/psychiatrists, social workers, and psychologists) from two types of facilities: psychiatric services and social services, who were randomly asked to complete an online questionnaire on schizophrenia. We used four scales of stigma measuring discrimination and social distance, stereotypes (warmth and competence), and infrahumanization. Sociodemographic variables as well as social dominance orientation were also tested. Social dominance orientation is a concept that refers to an individual's preference for hierarchy in social relations, where certain groups dominate others, and the belief that such inequalities should be maintained and justified. It leads to the adoption of beliefs that legitimize and perpetuate discrimination against people with schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>First, the descriptive analyses show an overall score for individuals working with people suffering from mental disorders that indicates that individuals with schizophrenia are moderately stigmatized. The competence and warmth scores attributed are also average and suggest that professionals working with people suffering from mental disorders are moderately agree that users with schizophrenia exhibit traits of warmth and competence. On the other hand, the obtained score reveals slight infrahumanization. In other words, participants, regardless of professional context, attributed more specifically human traits to themselves than to individuals with schizophrenia. Furthermore, a significant effect of the type of facility was found for all four discrimination measures.","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 9","pages":"Pages 763-771"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.03.010
<div><div>Anger is a universal emotion whose daily experience varies in frequency, intensity and duration among individuals. Multiple emotional terms such as “frustrated” or “furious” can characterize it and nuance its experience. It thus encompasses a number of cognitive and behavioral manifestations (directly observable or not), and internal modifications such as physiological activation. It is also associated with facial expressions. As a subjective experience, its expression is therefore multidimensional. It leads, for example, to action tendencies such as shouting or withdrawing from a situation. The latter can extend to aggressive behavior. Several related terms are used to characterize its different facets, such as hostility, irritability and aggressiveness. These aggressive affects are closely related and sometimes overlap, leading to confusion. Rightly so, they are often correlated and mutually supportive. However, they refer either to a state of mood or an attitude, and are distinct from anger as an emotion. Aggression is also to be distinguished from violent acts, which are characterized by the risk of causing significant harm to others. Impulsivity is also mentioned, but is seen more as a personality trait that seems to correlate with the experience of anger. What's more, it's considered by many to be an aversive emotion. Compared to other emotions such as sadness or fear, however, it is more likely to lead to an active approach. It is also triggered in a variety of situations, notably when the individual feels blocked or frustrated in achieving a goal. The question of injustice and the responsibility of others will also be central. In fact, beliefs and evaluations of situations will play a vital role, whether or not they are conscious. The ruminations that provoke and result from it can also play an important role in regulating it. Finally, many social and cultural aspects influence its expression. Anger is a universal human emotion, regardless of culture. However, certain display rules will influence the emotional response of anger to maintain a certain social framework. In other words, anger plays a part in regulating social behavior within groups. What's more, the literature is homogeneous on the effect of gender, but it is acknowledged that there are differences between men and women in the way anger is displayed. The social context and social desirability play a definite role in distinguishing certain reactions according to the gender of the individuals expressing anger. To our knowledge, to date, no French-language journal has presented the concept of anger, despite the fact that it is an emotion that can have harmful consequences on the quality of life of individuals and in the sphere of relationships. Some authors refer to anger as the “unrecognized” emotion that deserves more attention. The aim of this review is therefore to define the emotion of anger and explore related concepts. However, there are certain limitations to t
{"title":"La colère : définition et concepts","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anger is a universal emotion whose daily experience varies in frequency, intensity and duration among individuals. Multiple emotional terms such as “frustrated” or “furious” can characterize it and nuance its experience. It thus encompasses a number of cognitive and behavioral manifestations (directly observable or not), and internal modifications such as physiological activation. It is also associated with facial expressions. As a subjective experience, its expression is therefore multidimensional. It leads, for example, to action tendencies such as shouting or withdrawing from a situation. The latter can extend to aggressive behavior. Several related terms are used to characterize its different facets, such as hostility, irritability and aggressiveness. These aggressive affects are closely related and sometimes overlap, leading to confusion. Rightly so, they are often correlated and mutually supportive. However, they refer either to a state of mood or an attitude, and are distinct from anger as an emotion. Aggression is also to be distinguished from violent acts, which are characterized by the risk of causing significant harm to others. Impulsivity is also mentioned, but is seen more as a personality trait that seems to correlate with the experience of anger. What's more, it's considered by many to be an aversive emotion. Compared to other emotions such as sadness or fear, however, it is more likely to lead to an active approach. It is also triggered in a variety of situations, notably when the individual feels blocked or frustrated in achieving a goal. The question of injustice and the responsibility of others will also be central. In fact, beliefs and evaluations of situations will play a vital role, whether or not they are conscious. The ruminations that provoke and result from it can also play an important role in regulating it. Finally, many social and cultural aspects influence its expression. Anger is a universal human emotion, regardless of culture. However, certain display rules will influence the emotional response of anger to maintain a certain social framework. In other words, anger plays a part in regulating social behavior within groups. What's more, the literature is homogeneous on the effect of gender, but it is acknowledged that there are differences between men and women in the way anger is displayed. The social context and social desirability play a definite role in distinguishing certain reactions according to the gender of the individuals expressing anger. To our knowledge, to date, no French-language journal has presented the concept of anger, despite the fact that it is an emotion that can have harmful consequences on the quality of life of individuals and in the sphere of relationships. Some authors refer to anger as the “unrecognized” emotion that deserves more attention. The aim of this review is therefore to define the emotion of anger and explore related concepts. However, there are certain limitations to t","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 701-705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141141648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychiatric high security care units are French psychiatric institutions caring for patients “presenting such a danger to others that they require adapted intensive therapeutic protocols and special safety measures”. In these units the prevalence of neuropsychiatric complications appears high. To evaluate or even validate this impression, a systematic review of the 34 patients of the unit of Plouguernével was carried out on March 1, 2024. It is shown: that half of the patients suffer from severe psychosis, that a third of these patients have an intellectual deficit. Ten patients have acquired neurological symptoms in their history, more or less serious. In addition, 75 % of them are polydrug addicts. The causes of the neurological damages in these patients are multiple: congenital, perinatal, traumatic, toxic, due to serious abuse, etc. These causes are analyzed here. This analysis allows us to consider preventive actions to be implemented, as well as a possible reorganization of the care of these patients with such heterogeneous profiles.
{"title":"Prévalence des lésions cérébrales dans une population de patients hospitalisés en unité pour malades difficiles : réflexions autour de la prévention et des adaptations thérapeutiques à apporter","authors":"Bluenn Quillerou , Emmanuel Rete , Jean-Pierre Bouchard","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychiatric high security care units are French psychiatric institutions caring for patients “presenting such a danger to others that they require adapted intensive therapeutic protocols and special safety measures”. In these units the prevalence of neuropsychiatric complications appears high. To evaluate or even validate this impression, a systematic review of the 34 patients of the unit of Plouguernével was carried out on March 1, 2024. It is shown: that half of the patients suffer from severe psychosis, that a third of these patients have an intellectual deficit. Ten patients have acquired neurological symptoms in their history, more or less serious. In addition, 75 % of them are polydrug addicts. The causes of the neurological damages in these patients are multiple: congenital, perinatal, traumatic, toxic, due to serious abuse, etc. These causes are analyzed here. This analysis allows us to consider preventive actions to be implemented, as well as a possible reorganization of the care of these patients with such heterogeneous profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 712-716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.007
Olivier Sorel
Marital separations are rarely a formality, and they often represent a significant break in the development of the children affected and in their life balance. In the best cases, the parents manage to maintain co-parenting and continuity in the children's lifestyle. In the worst cases, the children suffer the full force of the marital separation, which can degenerate. The children are then the direct victims of the parents’ rifts, and may be placed in a position of choice. In this article, we present the necessary safeguards and other precautions to be taken to minimise the consequences of parental separation, and to protect the children as much as possible. In this case, it is vital to respect the child's temporality and respond to his or her needs at the time, which vary throughout the transition process. Scientific studies on child development and attachment theory abound in this respect. Finally, we propose a model of the different types of separation and the impact they can have on the child in terms of victimisation. This conceptualisation offers parents guidance in trying to separate well, or at the very least not to separate under bad conditions, always adopting the child's perspective.
{"title":"Les enfants : victimes directes des séparations conjugales conflictuelles","authors":"Olivier Sorel","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marital separations are rarely a formality, and they often represent a significant break in the development of the children affected and in their life balance. In the best cases, the parents manage to maintain co-parenting and continuity in the children's lifestyle. In the worst cases, the children suffer the full force of the marital separation, which can degenerate. The children are then the direct victims of the parents’ rifts, and may be placed in a position of choice. In this article, we present the necessary safeguards and other precautions to be taken to minimise the consequences of parental separation, and to protect the children as much as possible. In this case, it is vital to respect the child's temporality and respond to his or her needs at the time, which vary throughout the transition process. Scientific studies on child development and attachment theory abound in this respect. Finally, we propose a model of the different types of separation and the impact they can have on the child in terms of victimisation. This conceptualisation offers parents guidance in trying to separate well, or at the very least not to separate under bad conditions, always adopting the child's perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 735-741"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.019
Denis Tiberghien
<div><div>Professor Edouard Rist (1871–1956), a former president of the Academy of Medicine (1948), wrote an unpublished text entitled “His Memories”. This text allows us to sketch the portrait of his father: Adrien Rist (1841–1923) and to review the professional career of this alienist doctor who always had a deep sense of loyalty and attachment to France and its culture. Coming from a family of surgeons, his grandfather Jean-Louis Rist (1769–1839) was a surgeon of the Grande-Armée like his uncle Côme Damien Rist (1760–1826) and their father Jean Népomucène Sébastien Rist (1725–1798) was too a surgeon in Wissembourg. It was under the July Monarchy that A. Rist (1841–1923) was born in Strasbourg. Raised in a Protestant family, he enrolled at the Military Health Service School in Strasbourg. He left the school after one year to enroll in the medical school of the same city. However, he finished his medical study in Paris. After his externship, he was accepted as an intern on December 26, 1864. Five years later (1869), he was a doctor of medicine and became the first one to make known in France the psychophysical law of Gustav Théodor Fechner (1801–1887), which bridges the gap between psychology and the exact sciences. Then, he returned to Strasbourg where he opened a medical practice and started to prepare for the aggregation in physics at the University of Göttingen (Germany). He stayed there long enough to fall in love with Emma Cornelia Gess (1848–1928), a native of Württemberg, to whom he married on April 5, 1870. Three months after his marriage, the war with Prussia broke out. During the conflict, his wife gave birth in Strasbourg to a boy named Edouard (1871–1956). Thus, his new family life and the Franco-Prussian war and its outcome deterred him from passing the aggregation. But also, A. Rist chooses to leave Alsace so as not to renounce his French nationality. After a brief stay in Le Havre (Normandy), he decided to expatriate to Switzerland. In order to be able to practice in this country, A. Rist passed the examinations in the canton of Vaud where he provided an important memorandum on the legislation of insane persons. In 1867, the Champ de l’Air Hospital for the insane was transferred to the Bois-de-Cery located near Lausanne where six years later (1873) a new hospital called “Asile de Cery” was inaugurated. Authorized to practice in Switzerland, A. Rist became in 1873 the first doctor-director of the Bois-de-Cery. A few years earlier, the first private psychiatric clinic in Romanisch Switzerland opened: La Métairie. In 1877, he became the director of this establishment located not far from the previous one at about forty kilometers away still on the banks of Lake Geneva. Board of Directors of this private establishment composed of a majority of Geneva bankers was able to receive about forty patients of well-to-do condition who came from all over the world. A. Rist lived there with his family and the organization at La Métairie was bas
{"title":"Adrien Rist (1841–1923), membre de la Société Médico-Psychologique (1881) et fondateur d’une maison de santé privée à Versailles « La Châtaigneraie » (1889) (Partie I)","authors":"Denis Tiberghien","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Professor Edouard Rist (1871–1956), a former president of the Academy of Medicine (1948), wrote an unpublished text entitled “His Memories”. This text allows us to sketch the portrait of his father: Adrien Rist (1841–1923) and to review the professional career of this alienist doctor who always had a deep sense of loyalty and attachment to France and its culture. Coming from a family of surgeons, his grandfather Jean-Louis Rist (1769–1839) was a surgeon of the Grande-Armée like his uncle Côme Damien Rist (1760–1826) and their father Jean Népomucène Sébastien Rist (1725–1798) was too a surgeon in Wissembourg. It was under the July Monarchy that A. Rist (1841–1923) was born in Strasbourg. Raised in a Protestant family, he enrolled at the Military Health Service School in Strasbourg. He left the school after one year to enroll in the medical school of the same city. However, he finished his medical study in Paris. After his externship, he was accepted as an intern on December 26, 1864. Five years later (1869), he was a doctor of medicine and became the first one to make known in France the psychophysical law of Gustav Théodor Fechner (1801–1887), which bridges the gap between psychology and the exact sciences. Then, he returned to Strasbourg where he opened a medical practice and started to prepare for the aggregation in physics at the University of Göttingen (Germany). He stayed there long enough to fall in love with Emma Cornelia Gess (1848–1928), a native of Württemberg, to whom he married on April 5, 1870. Three months after his marriage, the war with Prussia broke out. During the conflict, his wife gave birth in Strasbourg to a boy named Edouard (1871–1956). Thus, his new family life and the Franco-Prussian war and its outcome deterred him from passing the aggregation. But also, A. Rist chooses to leave Alsace so as not to renounce his French nationality. After a brief stay in Le Havre (Normandy), he decided to expatriate to Switzerland. In order to be able to practice in this country, A. Rist passed the examinations in the canton of Vaud where he provided an important memorandum on the legislation of insane persons. In 1867, the Champ de l’Air Hospital for the insane was transferred to the Bois-de-Cery located near Lausanne where six years later (1873) a new hospital called “Asile de Cery” was inaugurated. Authorized to practice in Switzerland, A. Rist became in 1873 the first doctor-director of the Bois-de-Cery. A few years earlier, the first private psychiatric clinic in Romanisch Switzerland opened: La Métairie. In 1877, he became the director of this establishment located not far from the previous one at about forty kilometers away still on the banks of Lake Geneva. Board of Directors of this private establishment composed of a majority of Geneva bankers was able to receive about forty patients of well-to-do condition who came from all over the world. A. Rist lived there with his family and the organization at La Métairie was bas","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 747-754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.02.003
Research concerning the follow-up of forensic patients after their release from a high-security facility into the community is scarce. However, results available indicate that revocation rates are rather high. Our research aimed to answer three aspects based on an analysis of court records of 168 patients discharged from a Belgian secure forensic psychiatric hospital between 2014 and 2018: (1) the revocation and recidivism rates during a 3-year follow-up period; (2) the prevalence and motives for revocations of probationary released; (3) the comparison of scores of the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide-Revised (VRAG-R) between three release measures. To our knowledge, our study is the first to compare violent recidivism risk scores between release types. The mean VRAG-R scores were higher among revoked than conditioned released patients. The latter presented higher mean score than definitively released patients. The overall results are congruent with the “good practice” of the risk principle, hence supporting the importance of basing release decisions on risk assessment principles such as the VRAG-R in a longitudinal perspective.
{"title":"Suivi longitudinal des patients psychiatriques médico-légaux : focus sur les taux de récidive et les scores de risque","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research concerning the follow-up of forensic patients after their release from a high-security facility into the community is scarce. However, results available indicate that revocation rates are rather high. Our research aimed to answer three aspects based on an analysis of court records of 168 patients discharged from a Belgian secure forensic psychiatric hospital between 2014 and 2018: (1) the revocation and recidivism rates during a 3-year follow-up period; (2) the prevalence and motives for revocations of probationary released; (3) the comparison of scores of the <em>Violence Risk Appraisal Guide-Revised</em> (VRAG-R) between three release measures. To our knowledge, our study is the first to compare violent recidivism risk scores between release types. The mean VRAG-R scores were higher among revoked than conditioned released patients. The latter presented higher mean score than definitively released patients. The overall results are congruent with the “good practice” of the risk principle, hence supporting the importance of basing release decisions on risk assessment principles such as the VRAG-R in a longitudinal perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 690-693"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.020
Denis Tiberghien
<div><div>A member of artistic, literary and scientific associations including the Société médico-psychologique (1881), A. Rist opened a private psychiatric clinic in Versailles in the years 1890–1891 called: La Châtaigneraie. This establishment will open its doors shortly before those of the old people's home (1892); they will complete the establishment opened in 1858: the civil hospital. In addition to his work as physician director of La Châtaigneraie, he was a medical expert at the court of Versailles. While practicing in Switzerland, he taught forensic medicine at the Law School of Lausanne. For example, A. Rist assessed Marie Christmann, a spiritualist masseuse, known as “the witch of Versailles”, who was denounced for the illegal practice of medicine and the mummified body of a woman was found in her house or Fernand-Théodore Charlatte, known as “the satyr of Saint-Cloud”, who simulated madness. Being an alienist was not without risk. He was threatened with death by an insane Arthur-Désiré Ferger who had twice escaped from the asylum; inspectors were assigned to protect him. A. Rist was a doctor fighting against alcohol abuse; the head office of the Versailles section of the French Anti-Alcohol Union was located at his home 11 rue des Deux Moulins. The National League against Alcoholism has founded “rooms of the soldier” in different cities of France (Cherbourg and Le Havre). A. Rist had one such room located at 29 rue de Béthune (Versailles). Author of “<em>La philosophie naturelle intégrale les rudiments des sciences exacts”</em> (1904), A. Rist shows us his pronounced taste for mathematics which inclined him more towards the physical sciences and their speculative aspect than towards biology, a discipline of observation and experimentation. In this second part, A. Rist appears to be a man of conviction and opinion. He was Dreyfusard and Republican. He was among the signatories of the “Appel à l’Union” (1899) like his friend Gabriel Monod (1844–1912), a member of the Institute. This founding document aimed to calm the political situation in the middle of the Dreyfus affair in order to save the parliamentary republican regime then in place. He does not hesitate to take up the pen to oppose Ferdinand Brunetière (1849–1906); director of the <em>Revue des Deux Mondes</em>, he was an antidreyfusard but not an antisemite. The latter had declared war on the scientific spirit and on Science which was not the point of view of A. Rist. In a national daily newpapers, he expressed his opposition to the reform of secondary education; this was a measure which had been advocated by the Minister of Public Instruction: Léon Bourgeois (1851–1925). At the end of the 19th century, A. Rist made a political commitment having being elected member of the municipal council of Versailles (1896–1900); he joined the Democratic Republican Alliance party (1901). During his career, A. Rist did not communicate or publish very much. In addition to his imposing work on “
{"title":"Adrien Rist (1841–1923), membre de la Société mdico-psychologique (1881) et fondateur d’une maison de santé privée à Versailles : « La Châtaigneraie » (1889) (Partie II)","authors":"Denis Tiberghien","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A member of artistic, literary and scientific associations including the Société médico-psychologique (1881), A. Rist opened a private psychiatric clinic in Versailles in the years 1890–1891 called: La Châtaigneraie. This establishment will open its doors shortly before those of the old people's home (1892); they will complete the establishment opened in 1858: the civil hospital. In addition to his work as physician director of La Châtaigneraie, he was a medical expert at the court of Versailles. While practicing in Switzerland, he taught forensic medicine at the Law School of Lausanne. For example, A. Rist assessed Marie Christmann, a spiritualist masseuse, known as “the witch of Versailles”, who was denounced for the illegal practice of medicine and the mummified body of a woman was found in her house or Fernand-Théodore Charlatte, known as “the satyr of Saint-Cloud”, who simulated madness. Being an alienist was not without risk. He was threatened with death by an insane Arthur-Désiré Ferger who had twice escaped from the asylum; inspectors were assigned to protect him. A. Rist was a doctor fighting against alcohol abuse; the head office of the Versailles section of the French Anti-Alcohol Union was located at his home 11 rue des Deux Moulins. The National League against Alcoholism has founded “rooms of the soldier” in different cities of France (Cherbourg and Le Havre). A. Rist had one such room located at 29 rue de Béthune (Versailles). Author of “<em>La philosophie naturelle intégrale les rudiments des sciences exacts”</em> (1904), A. Rist shows us his pronounced taste for mathematics which inclined him more towards the physical sciences and their speculative aspect than towards biology, a discipline of observation and experimentation. In this second part, A. Rist appears to be a man of conviction and opinion. He was Dreyfusard and Republican. He was among the signatories of the “Appel à l’Union” (1899) like his friend Gabriel Monod (1844–1912), a member of the Institute. This founding document aimed to calm the political situation in the middle of the Dreyfus affair in order to save the parliamentary republican regime then in place. He does not hesitate to take up the pen to oppose Ferdinand Brunetière (1849–1906); director of the <em>Revue des Deux Mondes</em>, he was an antidreyfusard but not an antisemite. The latter had declared war on the scientific spirit and on Science which was not the point of view of A. Rist. In a national daily newpapers, he expressed his opposition to the reform of secondary education; this was a measure which had been advocated by the Minister of Public Instruction: Léon Bourgeois (1851–1925). At the end of the 19th century, A. Rist made a political commitment having being elected member of the municipal council of Versailles (1896–1900); he joined the Democratic Republican Alliance party (1901). During his career, A. Rist did not communicate or publish very much. In addition to his imposing work on “","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 755-761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.008
Olivier Sorel , Marie Sebag , Jean-Pierre Bouchard
Recent years have seen the emergence of the concepts of edutainment, edutainment and serious games. The health crisis, and more specifically the successive confinements, have had the effect of bringing games and playtime back into the family, on the one hand, and modifying their play practices, on the other. Today, play can be serious and aimed at adults. It has acquired its letters of nobility, and has found its audience. In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Olivier Sorel and Marie Sebag discuss the special status of chess in a toy library. Secondly, they describe both the conditions required to be a good player, and the benefits of trying to become one, in terms of cognitive and emotional skills. Finally, they question the place of play in psychotherapy, describe the motivations for using it with a patient, and list the possible precautions to be taken by the therapist to avoid stepping outside his or her framework.
{"title":"Modalités d’accompagnement par le jeu d’échecs – du ludique au thérapeutique","authors":"Olivier Sorel , Marie Sebag , Jean-Pierre Bouchard","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent years have seen the emergence of the concepts of edutainment, edutainment and serious games. The health crisis, and more specifically the successive confinements, have had the effect of bringing games and playtime back into the family, on the one hand, and modifying their play practices, on the other. Today, play can be serious and aimed at adults. It has acquired its letters of nobility, and has found its audience. In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Olivier Sorel and Marie Sebag discuss the special status of chess in a toy library. Secondly, they describe both the conditions required to be a good player, and the benefits of trying to become one, in terms of cognitive and emotional skills. Finally, they question the place of play in psychotherapy, describe the motivations for using it with a patient, and list the possible precautions to be taken by the therapist to avoid stepping outside his or her framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 742-746"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.002
Frédéric Dion, Tiphaine Séguret
The regional unit for the care of perpetrators of sexual violence (URSAVS) was established in Lille in 2009, under to the impetus of Doctor Tiphaine Séguret, and under the aegis of the Regional Health Agency of the department of Hauts-de-France. It is hosted by the University Hospital of Lille. This unit was born out of the urgent need to establish and coordinate specific care services including psycho- and sex-criminological dimensions, at the crossroads of mental health service and judicial entities. Originally destined for those who had been convicted of sexual offences and who were being released from prison, this unit has diversified in many ways, as the many cases and problems entrusted to it were discovered. Operating today in the realms of pediatrics, care of the elderly, and including the National Education system, URSAVS has paved the way for a fundamental reflection on the methods and practices of care specific to perpetrators of sexual violences. Its results in the prevention of recidivism after 5 years (1%), demonstrate the lasting effectiveness of its paradigm of care, especially when compared to national statistics on recidivism over the same period (15% for rape, 11% for sexual assault, 12% for sexual harassment, according to the French Ministry of Justice).
{"title":"URSAVS – histoire et politique d’une intercontenance réussie","authors":"Frédéric Dion, Tiphaine Séguret","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regional unit for the care of perpetrators of sexual violence (URSAVS) was established in Lille in 2009, under to the impetus of Doctor Tiphaine Séguret, and under the aegis of the Regional Health Agency of the department of Hauts-de-France. It is hosted by the University Hospital of Lille. This unit was born out of the urgent need to establish and coordinate specific care services including psycho- and sex-criminological dimensions, at the crossroads of mental health service and judicial entities. Originally destined for those who had been convicted of sexual offences and who were being released from prison, this unit has diversified in many ways, as the many cases and problems entrusted to it were discovered. Operating today in the realms of pediatrics, care of the elderly, and including the National Education system, URSAVS has paved the way for a fundamental reflection on the methods and practices of care specific to perpetrators of sexual violences. Its results in the prevention of recidivism after 5 years (1%), demonstrate the lasting effectiveness of its paradigm of care, especially when compared to national statistics on recidivism over the same period (15% for rape, 11% for sexual assault, 12% for sexual harassment, according to the French Ministry of Justice).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 722-724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.014
Objectives
Assessment of the cognitive skills, affective and emotional state of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) is becoming increasingly important as targeted and appropriate care is being offered to them. However, tools specifically adapted are rare. The ECP, presented here, proposes to overcome this lack.
Persons and method
The construction of the ECP was done in three successive stages with 18, 71 and 91 people with PIMD. At each stage, 3 protocols documented in hetero evaluation for each person allowed the elaboration of items and their metrological analysis (correlational and factor analyses in particular).
Results
During the final stage, with a sample of 273 protocols (91 people), age-specific standardizations were performed and metrological analyses (discriminating fineness, reliability and validity) conducted show that the ECP meets the expectations.
Conclusion
The ECP allows the users to build cognitive profiles and to collect clinical data, leading to shared observations. Thus, the ECP offers inter-observer analyses of inter- and intra-individual variability of skills among people with PIMD.
{"title":"Construction et validation d’un questionnaire d’évaluation des compétences cognitives et de l’état affectif et émotionnel des personnes polyhandicapées : l’Évaluation–Cognition–Polyhandicap (ECP)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Assessment of the cognitive skills, affective and emotional state of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) is becoming increasingly important as targeted and appropriate care is being offered to them. However, tools specifically adapted are rare. The ECP, presented here, proposes to overcome this lack.</div></div><div><h3>Persons and method</h3><div>The construction of the ECP was done in three successive stages with 18, 71 and 91 people with PIMD. At each stage, 3 protocols documented in hetero evaluation for each person allowed the elaboration of items and their metrological analysis (correlational and factor analyses in particular).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the final stage, with a sample of 273 protocols (91 people), age-specific standardizations were performed and metrological analyses (discriminating fineness, reliability and validity) conducted show that the ECP meets the expectations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The ECP allows the users to build cognitive profiles and to collect clinical data, leading to shared observations. Thus, the ECP offers inter-observer analyses of inter- and intra-individual variability of skills among people with PIMD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"182 8","pages":"Pages 694-700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87601778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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