Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of Spartina alterniflora invasion on soil carbon components of particulate and mineral-associated organic matter and soil organic matter mineralization in estuarine wetlands","authors":"Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Jie Hei ,&nbsp;Weiqi Wang ,&nbsp;Jordi Sardans ,&nbsp;Zhihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Fanjiang Zeng ,&nbsp;Maoquan Ge ,&nbsp;Yiyang Liao ,&nbsp;Yunying Fang ,&nbsp;Tony Vancov ,&nbsp;Jiawei Gan ,&nbsp;Zhaoliang Song ,&nbsp;Weidong Zhang ,&nbsp;Josep Peñuelas","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estuarine wetlands are critical global carbon sinks, significantly influencing the climate through carbon cycling. The invasive plant <em>Spartina alterniflora</em> has earned attention for its effects on these processes in wetland ecosystems. This study examines the impact of <em>S. alterniflora</em> on soil carbon dynamics in the Minjiang River estuarine wetland, Fujian Province, by comparing soil organic carbon (SOC) components in particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) between <em>S. alterniflora</em> and native <em>Cyperus malaccensis</em> stands. We also investigated soil carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and organic carbon mineralization to assess how plant invasion alters carbon cycling in wetland soils. The invasion of <em>S. alterniflora</em> increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and labile organic carbon (LOC) in MAOM while reducing these carbon components in POM. LOC and MBC contents in MAOM were 15 % and 32 % higher, respectively, in <em>S. alterniflora</em> wetlands compared to <em>C. malaccensis</em> wetlands. This suggests that <em>S. alterniflora</em> shifts the composition and stability of SOC, making MAOM a more significant carbon pool. The invasion also led to higher CO₂ emissions and greater temperature sensitivity. Additionally, <em>S. alterniflora</em> soils exhibited a negative priming effect upon glucose addition, likely due to the strong association between active organic carbon and minerals in MAOM, which protects organic matter from decomposition. These results highlight the intricate impacts of plant invasion on soil carbon cycling and offer insights for predicting carbon dynamics in estuarine wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105857"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil and vegetation drivers of microbial attributes in a microhabitat mosaic at different successional stages after restoration of inland sand dunes","authors":"Kaja Skubała ,&nbsp;Karolina Chowaniec ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Stanek ,&nbsp;Janusz Błaszkowski ,&nbsp;Maciej Móll ,&nbsp;Szymon Zubek","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study focused on sand dunes restored by clearing vegetation to activate wind-blown sands. Soil-plant-microorganism interactions during succession are key to understanding the drivers of continuous turnover in above- and belowground compartments. The aim was to determine changes in microbial activity, abundance, and community composition in a heterogeneous mosaic of microhabitats, i.e., biological soil crust (BSC), below-crust soil, rhizosphere soil, and bare soil, at different stages of succession. We also studied the relationships between microorganisms and substrate and vegetation factors, to better understand microbial community development and factors driving their changes with succession. The soil environment was highly heterogeneous in terms of microorganisms, with two key compartments, i.e., BSC and rhizosphere soil, being biological hotspots of microbial biomass and activity. G− bacteria and Firmicutes showed different succession-related abundance patterns, likely due to physiological differences. The abundance of all groups of microbes was positively influenced by organic C, total N, and nutrients (P, K, Ca) in the substrate, which is linked to vegetation development with succession. Similar parameters also influenced microbial community structure, as shown by the PLFA profile. Substrate parameters explained more variability in bacterial communities, while vegetation traits were more relevant for soil fungi. Herbaceous plants were colonized by both arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophytic fungi, with the latter showing higher colonization and a significant increase with succession. Understanding the factors influencing the transition from bare sand to pine forests is crucial for the restoration of inland dunes, rare ecosystems in temperate climates vulnerable to environmental change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105832"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ivermectin and dung beetle communities on dung removal rate in cattle pastures","authors":"Lizbeth González-Gómez ,&nbsp;Daniel González-Tokman ,&nbsp;Juan H. García ,&nbsp;Andrés Lira-Noriega ,&nbsp;Federico Escobar","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the growing interest of cattle producers in maintaining and even favoring dung beetle communities in their pastures to remove dung, dung beetle species diversity has declined in tropical landscapes due to habitat loss and livestock management practices, in particular, the intensive use of the antiparasitic drug ivermectin (IVM). Among macrocyclic lactones, IVM has become the most widely used antiparasitic drug worldwide. Residues of IVM in the dung of treated animals have the potential to adversely affect non-target dung-breeding insects involved in pasture functioning, like dung beetles, whose primary function, dung removal, represents a key ecosystem service as it facilitates dung degradation and nutrient redistribution in soil. In this study, we compared removal rates of dung with and without IVM in 24 cattle pastures that either or not use this anthelmintic and analysed the relation of dung removal with dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) community attributes. We found higher dung removal rates in traps with IVM than in dung without it, although there were no differences in the amount of dung removed in pastures that use IVM or not. Dung beetle richness and number of individuals were the community attributes most strongly related to dung removal. Our results highlight the danger of the attractant effect of IVM on dung beetle communities in the study area, showing the importance of conducting field evaluations by monitoring the effects of macrocyclic lactones on this group of insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105865"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The community diversity and metabolic function of symbiont bacteria associated with soil amoebae (dictyostelids) in free-living habitats","authors":"Zhaojuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingkun Yang ,&nbsp;Yujing Du ,&nbsp;Yue Zou ,&nbsp;Steven L. Stephenson ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Pu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dictyostelids, soil protists with stable bacterial symbiosis, are significant in microbial ecology. Beyond the model organism <em>Dictyostelium discoideum</em>, other amoebae-bacteria relationships are understudied. We isolated pure cultures of symbionts from 13 Chinese soil localities. Using 16S rRNA, we identified 125 strains (40 species) across four phyla, seven classes, 10 orders, 16 families, 21 genera. Notably, five potentially novel strains were discovered. Pseudomonadota and Gammaproteobacteria were dominated. Interestingly, Gansu's alkaline soil exhibited the highest bacterial diversity, suggesting a unique ecological niche fostering diverse symbiotic interactions. Moreover, preferential predatory response by dictyostelids towards Gram (−) bacteria was observed, providing insights into their symbiotic selectivity, which may be influenced by environmental factors such as soil pH, moisture, and nutrient availability. Furthermore, Redundancy and Spearman analysis showed that elevation and temperature significantly affected the symbiont communities. FAPROTAX predicted that symbionts were mainly chemoheterotrophs involved in the nitrogen cycle or pathogenic forms. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential application of amoeba-bacteria symbiosis in modulating soil ecological functions, serving as a foundation for exploring their intricate interaction mechanisms. In addition, the ecological implications of these symbiotic relationships could have significant impacts on public health, given the role of soil microorganisms in disease transmission and environmental resilience. The data obtained from this study offers a rich context for exploring bacterial colonization of eukaryotes, the origins of symbiosis, and foundational microbiomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105820"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of fertilization on the genes encoding microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes and their roles in accumulating and decomposing organic carbon in Ultisol","authors":"Xinran Wang,&nbsp;Jun Zhu,&nbsp;Qingling Fu,&nbsp;Hongqing Hu,&nbsp;Qiaoyun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The decomposition and accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) relate closely to the emission of greenhouse gas and the improvement of soil quality. However, the impacts of fertilizations on the genes encoding microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and their roles in decomposing and accumulating SOC are still unclear. The accumulation and dynamic of microbial residue carbon (MRC) and the mineralization of SOC in the soil treated with no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), combination of chemical fertilizer and straw (NPKS), and pig manure (AM) for long-term were observed in this study. The CAZymes, microbial community, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), extracellular enzyme activities in soils were also investigated. The content of MRC and the cumulative amount of SOC mineralization were stimulated by fertilizations, especially AM treatment. Fertilization treatments increased the abundance of the special CAZymes including GH3, GH51, AA3, AA6, GH16, GH18, GH20, with a significant peak at AM. The accumulation of MRC was significantly positively correlated with the abundance of CAZymes encoding plant-derived components, the abundances of these genes were also positively correlated with microbial PLFAs (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The mineralization of SOC was significantly positively correlated with the CAZymes encoding both plant- and microbial-derived components. The activities of specific enzymes (β-1, 4-glucosidase and β-1, 4-<em>N</em>-acetyl-glucosaminidase) were also closely related to the abundance of CAZymes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Therefore, the regulation of fertilization on the CAZymes for the degradation of different carbon source probably impact the synthesis of microbial biomass and the activity of enzymes, and then result in the alterations of SOC accumulation and dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105894"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of rhizosphere microbial community structure in the growth and development of different tea cultivars","authors":"Xinyue Yin ,&nbsp;Yujie Song ,&nbsp;Jiazhi Shen ,&nbsp;Litao Sun ,&nbsp;Kai Fan ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Kangwei Sun ,&nbsp;Zhaotang Ding ,&nbsp;Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The community structure of soil rhizosphere microorganisms is critical for tea plant growth, but few studies have examined how rhizosphere microorganisms from different tea cultivars affect the plant growth and underlying mechanisms. The study investigated the environment of soils, including rhizosphere microorganisms, soil nutrient levels, enzyme activity, as well as the growth parameters, including Fv/Fm value, N content, SPAD value and vegetation indexes of four tea cultivars. The results showed that the structure of the soil microbial community varied according to tea cultivar types, which was manifested in α diversity, microbial genus level, and bacterial communities. The soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity had significant differences among tea cultivars, especially the absorption and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as organic matters. The rhizosphere microorganisms of different cultivars had certain effects on tea canopy index. A strong correlation was observed between microbial communities and the vegetation index. <em>Ascomycota</em>, <em>Basidiomycota</em>, <em>Actinobacteriota</em>, and other microorganisms may be the key species affecting the phenotype of tea plants. The study demonstrates that different tea cultivars select or recruit their own unique microbial communities, affecting soil nutrient uptake and tea plant phenotype. The study enhances our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions among different tea cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105817"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased net N nitrification rate constrains soil N availability during long-term Camellia oleifera cultivation","authors":"Tinghao Zong ,&nbsp;Jingwei Ma ,&nbsp;Xinming Guan ,&nbsp;Yusong Lin ,&nbsp;Yuqi Chen ,&nbsp;Meiqi Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaze Lv ,&nbsp;Yichao Rui ,&nbsp;Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Lichao Wu ,&nbsp;Sheng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Red soils in southern China have low nitrogen (N) content, and long-term <em>Camellia oleifera</em> cultivation has resulted in nutrient depletion, soil acidification, reduced microbial activity, and disruption of soil aggregate structure. These factors reduce N utilization in the soil. However, the specific N transformation process and mechanism are unclear. This research aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms of N transformation with different <em>Camellia oleifera</em> cultivation periods in various soil ecological niches (soil water stable aggregates). We analyzed soil samples in <em>Camellia oleifera</em> sampling period (2 years, Chi-Per), maturity period (10 years, You-Per), and degeneration period (40 years, Old-Per). Samples were sieved into macroaggregates (&gt; 2 mm, LM), small aggregates (2–0.25 mm, SM), and microaggregates (&lt; 0.25 mm, Mi). Changes in inorganic N and net N transformation rates were assessed. Results indicated that soil available nitrogen (AN) and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) contents were 19 % and 32 % lower in the Old-Per treatment compared to the Chi-Per treatment, respectively. In the You-Per treatment, AN and NO₃⁻-N significantly decreased with decreasing aggregate particle size. Additionally, soil net N mineralization rate, net nitrification rate, and denitrification rate decreased by 14 %, 65 %, and 14 % from the Chi-Per to the Old-Per treatment. During the You-Per and Old-Per cultivation periods, both net N mineralization rate and net nitrification rate decreased with decreasing aggregate particle size. The carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio increased as the aggregate particle size decreased, leading to reduced net N mineralization and lower AN and NO₃⁻-N content in microaggregates. 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that the relative abundance of oligotrophic bacterial communities (<em>Acidobacteria</em>, <em>Verrucomicrobia</em>, and <em>Elusimicrobia</em>) increased in the Old-Per treatment. PLS-PM analysis showed that the net nitrification rate significantly inhibits soil N availability and is closely associated with sucrase, nitrate reductase, and bacterial communities. Overall, this study confirmed that long-term <em>Camellia oleifera</em> cultivation decreases soil N availability by decreasing the net nitrification rate, influenced by changes in soil sucrase, nitrate reductase activities and oligotrophic bacteria communities. These results indicate that reduced net nitrification rate constrains soil N availability during long-term <em>Camellia oleifera</em> cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105840"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil macrofauna communities vary by land use type and environmental conditions in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem","authors":"Gretchen C. North ,&nbsp;Lee E. Frelich ,&nbsp;Abby E. Guthmann","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil macrofauna are useful indicators of soil health given their low resistance to environmental stressors. The magnitude of such stressors varies by land use type and environmental conditions. Despite their ecological importance, soil macrofauna remain understudied in the Eastern Afrotropics. The greater Serengeti-Mara ecosystem (GSME) holds high conservation value and is experiencing acute environmental strain. Our study surveyed soil macrofauna communities across four habitat types: bush/forest, grassland, human use, and wetlands following the Tropical Soil Biology &amp; Fertility (TSBF) sampling protocol. We discuss the community structure and dynamics of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), termites (Insecta: Isoptera), and earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) due to their relative abundance and biomass in soil communities and for their role as ecosystem service providers. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed the partitioning of habitat types by relative water resource availability as quantified by distance to water (m), litter water content (%), and litter mass (g m⁻²). Water limitation increased between bush/forest, grassland, and human use habitats, respectively. The spatial patterning of habitat diversity and soil macrofauna communities alike are similarly linked to local moisture availability in the study region. Ants were observed at higher abundances than termites or earthworms throughout the study system and especially within relatively water resource-limited grassland and human-use study areas. By contrast, earthworms were observed most frequently and at higher relative abundances in bush/forest and wetland habitats. Termite abundances were low for nearly every study site. These patterns emphasize the degree to which landscape-scale heterogeneity plays a role in the spatial patterning of soil macrofauna communities in a semi-arid tropical landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105897"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Destabilized bacterial and fungal network weakens soil multifunctionality under increasing grazing stress","authors":"Shaoyu Li ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanan Li ,&nbsp;Tianqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiahua Zheng ,&nbsp;Jirong Qiao ,&nbsp;Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Guodong Han ,&nbsp;Ton Bisseling ,&nbsp;Mengli Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although it is universally acknowledged that grazing weakens most grassland ecosystem functions, the effect of varying grazing stress on soil multifunctionality (SMF) and the associated microbially-mediated mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we used a 20-year field experiment to evaluate the influence of different grazing intensities (no grazing [CK], light grazing [LG], moderate grazing [MG], and heavy grazing [HG]) on SMF and explored the regulating effect of bacterial and fungal community structure, network attributes. We evaluated 18 soil functions including soil hydrological parameters, enzymatic activities, and nutrients to characterize four individual functions (water regulation and C-, N-, P- cycling) and SMF. Our results showed that except for water regulation, SMF and other individual functions gradually decreased with increasing grazing stress. In addition, high grazing stress also reduced microbial diversity and network complexity destabilized bacterial network stability. Structural equation modeling revealed that SMF was mainly regulated by bacterial network complexity and fungal network stability. These results provide strong empirical evidence that bacterial and fungal communities have different roles in shaping SMF along grazing stresses gradient. Therefore, assessing soil multifunctionality should account not only microbial diversity but also their interactions within microbial networks. This approach is crucial for informing strategies in the degraded land restoration and sustainable utilization of grassland in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling halophilic microbial communities in calcite fossil sedimentary rocks and their implications for biomineralization","authors":"Balachandar Chinnappa ,&nbsp;Balaji Thirupathi ,&nbsp;Thanigaivel Sundaram ,&nbsp;Yimtar L. Pongen ,&nbsp;Saranya Vinayagam ,&nbsp;Lalitha Gnanasekaran ,&nbsp;Vishnu D. Rajput ,&nbsp;Thirumurugan Durairaj","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the microbial diversity, crucial for pedogenesis, within limestone soil samples obtained from deep-earth layers to understand their role in bio-mineralization processes, formation of mineral deposits and evolutionary significance. A total of eighteen distinct bacterial isolates were isolated and four of them are moderately halophilic (growth sustainability up to 15 % NaCl) and were chosen as subjects for this study. Biofilm formation in addition to the positive results in urease and carbonic anhydrase assays confirmed the presence of biomineralizing Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) pathways in these potent isolates. Subsequent calcite precipitation experiments in B4 media yielded crystals, which were then subjected to FTIR and x-ray diffraction analysis, validated calcite precipitation. From the 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis, these isolates were found to be the nearest relatives of marine origin organisms belonging to <em>Halobacillus</em> sp., <em>Staphylococcus</em> sp. and <em>Enterobacter</em> sp. Considerable differences in phylogenetic score and relevant molecular clock timeline analysis underlined the novelty in species level variation with contemporary bacterial 16S rRNA sequences in addition to archaic evolutionary identity with bacterial nodes diverged around 125 MYA during the Jurassic era. Upon considering their biomineralizing potential and correlative phylogenetic identity with marine-origin archaic bacterial communities, it is inferred that these subsurface dwelling communities which are being reported for the first time from Ariyalur Limestone fossils could have played a vital role in the genesis of the calcite fossil environment belonging to Jurassic era and may possess many commercial implications to be studied such as bio-cementation, saline tolerant bioactive molecules, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}