Applied Soil Ecology最新文献_第9页

Soil fungal distribution and environmental drivers in reclaimed salt marshes of the Yangtze River estuary 长江口盐沼复垦区土壤真菌分布及环境驱动因素

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106752

Hongrui Wu , Qingqiang Chen , Jiazuo Song

Coastal salt marshes are important blue carbon (C) reservoirs, and reclamation has a profound impact on their microbial communities. However, little is known about the successional patterns and driving mechanisms of soil fungal communities, which are crucial to soil organic matter turnover during long burial duration after reclamation. Salt marsh soils of reclamation areas with different construction times on Chongming Island in the Yangtze River Estuary, China, were investigated in this study. Using high-throughput sequencing, we systematically characterized the distribution patterns of fungal communities and their environmental constraints. The results showed that with increasing burial duration and depth, soil total organic carbon (TOC) content and total nitrogen (TN) content declined significantly, accompanied by reduced fungal diversity and pronounced shifts in community structure. Ascomycota was the absolute dominant group, with relative abundance increasing with depth, indicating strong adaptation to oligotrophic environments. Community succession revealed a clear ecological strategy shift, as taxa favoring fresh organic matter (e.g., Unclassified_c__Sordariomycetes) were replaced by stress-tolerant fungi adapted to salinity (e.g., Meyerozyma) and nutrient depletion (e.g., Cutaneotrichosporon). This shift in fungal strategies may influence the stability of buried C by modifying fungal-mediated C turnover. Redundancy analysis confirmed that burial duration was the most important driver of fungal community succession (r² = 0.313, p = 0.001), while soil TOC, clay content, TN, and pH were key physicochemical factors. This study elucidates the long-term successional trajectory of fungal communities in salt marsh soils driven by reclamation and highlights nutrient depletion-induced environmental filtering as the core mechanism. These findings provide a critical microbial perspective for understanding the long-term evolution of coastal ecosystems.

海岸带盐沼是重要的蓝碳储集层，围垦对其微生物群落有着深远的影响。然而，对复垦后长埋期土壤有机质周转至关重要的土壤真菌群落演替模式和驱动机制了解甚少。以长江口崇明岛不同建设年限的垦区盐沼土壤为研究对象。利用高通量测序，我们系统地表征了真菌群落的分布模式及其环境限制。结果表明：随着埋地时间和埋地深度的增加，土壤总有机碳（TOC）和总氮（TN）含量显著下降，真菌多样性降低，群落结构发生明显变化；子囊菌是绝对优势类群，其相对丰度随深度增加而增加，表明其对少营养环境有较强的适应性。群落演替显示出明显的生态策略转变，有利于新鲜有机质的分类群（如unclassified_c . sordariomycetes）被适应盐度的耐胁迫真菌（如Meyerozyma）和养分枯竭的真菌（如Cutaneotrichosporon）所取代。真菌策略的这种转变可能通过改变真菌介导的碳周转来影响埋藏碳的稳定性。冗余分析证实，埋藏时间是真菌群落演替的最重要驱动因素（r2 = 0.313, p = 0.001），土壤TOC、粘土含量、TN和pH是关键理化因子。本研究阐明了盐沼土壤真菌群落在垦殖驱动下的长期演替轨迹，并强调了养分消耗诱导的环境过滤是盐沼土壤真菌群落演替的核心机制。这些发现为理解沿海生态系统的长期演变提供了一个重要的微生物视角。

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引用次数: 0

Plant development-stage specific assembly and potential functional shifts of the rhizosphere microbiome in farmland soils 农田土壤根际微生物群落的植物发育阶段特异性组装和潜在功能转移

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106732

Zheng Lei , Huan Zhang , Xiang Huang , Suping Wang , Yin Wang , Yalin Li , Zhuoyi Liu , Jiandong Sheng , Zhenyu He , Keliang Pan , Xiaohu Zhao

In farmland soil, the rhizosphere microbiome adapts plant physiology requirement through dynamic temporal shifts during host development, but the ecological roles of microbial taxa with distinct successional patterns remain unclear. A deep understanding of the dynamics of rhizosphere microbial communities and their functions during plant development could facilitate the manipulation of beneficial microbes to improve crop productivity and reduce chemical fertilizer application. In this study, 16S rDNA sequencing, metagenomics and comparative genomics were employed to investigate the temporal dynamics of microbial members in the rhizosphere of Brassica napus across different soils and to screen out microbial members with positive, negative and stable regularity in relative abundance across plant growth. The results showed that rhizosphere bacterial communities exhibited high dynamics during plant development, with positive microbial members contributing deterministic processes in the degree of intra-module connectivity and community assembly of rhizosphere microbial networks. Comparative genomic results suggest that positive microbial members were found to have higher functional potential for carbon degradation and carbon fixation genes. Rhizosphere soil possessed a more diverse repertoire of carbon degradation and fixation genes in plant reproductive stage, while genes responsible for nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in the rhizosphere displayed different enrichment patterns across various developmental stages. The findings of this study highlight the dynamic relationship between root and associated microbiota in different farmland soils, helping to drive strategies for successful manipulation of microbial communities to improve crop performance.

在农田土壤中，根际微生物群通过寄主发育过程中的动态时间变化来适应植物生理需求，但具有不同演替模式的微生物类群的生态作用尚不清楚。深入了解植物根际微生物群落的动态及其在植物发育过程中的功能，有助于对有益微生物进行调控，从而提高作物产量，减少化肥用量。本研究采用16S rDNA测序、宏基因组学和比较基因组学等方法，对不同土壤甘蓝型油菜根际微生物成员的时间动态进行了研究，筛选出相对丰度在植物生长过程中呈正、负、稳定规律的微生物成员。结果表明，根际细菌群落在植物发育过程中表现出高度的动态，阳性微生物成员对根际微生物网络的模块内连通性和群落组装程度具有确定性过程。比较基因组结果表明，阳性微生物成员在碳降解和碳固定基因方面具有更高的功能潜力。植物生殖期根际土壤中碳降解和固定基因更为多样化，而负责根际氮磷循环的基因在不同发育阶段表现出不同的富集模式。本研究结果强调了不同农田土壤中根系与相关微生物群之间的动态关系，有助于制定成功操纵微生物群落以提高作物性能的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Elevation and livestock land use as environmental filters shaping dung beetle traits 海拔和牲畜用地是形成屎壳郎性状的环境过滤器

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106745

Claudia E. Moreno , Odalys L. Marmolejo-López , Ilse J. Ortega-Martínez , Felipe Barragán

Natural and human-derived environmental conditions may filter species traits, influencing the co-occurrence of species' functional groups and biodiversity patterns. Here, we assessed the joint influence of elevation and livestock land use as environmental filters on three response variables (species richness, relative abundance, and mean body mass) of dung beetle functional groups (groups of species with the same trait attributes). We used data from dung beetle communities at 30 sampling sites from 108 to 2525 m a.s.l. in central Mexico and categorized dung beetle species based on three traits: nesting behavior, the traditionally used trait to recognize functional groups; activity periods; and diet. We tested the hypothesis that both natural changes across the elevational gradient and disturbances caused by the conversion of forests to pastures would act as environmental filters for dung beetle groups. Generalized linear mixed models controlling spatial autocorrelation revealed that the species richness of each group was explained by elevation (except for paracoprid beetles), but not by land use. The relative abundance of diurnal and nocturnal species, and the mean body mass of paracoprids and telecoprids, were influenced by land use and by the joint effect of elevation and land use without interaction. Therefore, the response of dung beetle functional groups to the interconnected effects of natural and human-derived environmental variations across the elevation gradient depends on the response variables of the functional groups. Understanding these environmental filters provides valuable insights into the processes that drive the assembly or disassembly of dung beetle communities and their ecosystem services.

自然和人为环境条件可能过滤物种特征，影响物种功能群的共现和生物多样性模式。在此，我们评估了海拔和畜牧业土地利用作为环境过滤器对屎壳郎功能群（具有相同性状属性的物种群）三个响应变量（物种丰富度、相对丰度和平均体重）的共同影响。作者利用墨西哥中部地区108 ~ 2525 m范围内30个采样点的屎壳郎群落数据，根据三个特征对屎壳郎进行了分类：筑巢行为，这是识别功能群的传统特征；活动时间;和饮食。我们测试了一个假设，即海拔梯度的自然变化和森林向牧场的转变所造成的干扰都可以作为屎壳郎群体的环境过滤器。控制空间自相关的广义线性混合模型表明，各类群的物种丰富度与海拔高度有关（拟甲虫除外），而与土地利用无关。白天和夜间种类的相对丰度、准盲蝽和远盲蝽的平均体质量均受土地利用的影响，并受海拔和土地利用的共同影响，但无交互作用。因此，屎壳郎官能团对自然和人为环境变化相互作用的响应取决于官能团的响应变量。了解这些环境过滤器可以为我们提供有价值的见解，以了解蜣螂群落及其生态系统服务的聚合或分解过程。

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引用次数: 0

Antagonistic microbiota drive soil suppressiveness against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a widespread soil-borne fungal plant pathogen 拮抗菌群驱动土壤抑制菌核菌，菌核菌是一种广泛的土壤传播的真菌植物病原体

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106722

Viet-Cuong Han , Nicole E. White , Pippa J. Michael , Bec Swift , Duong Vu , Sarita Jane Bennett

Disease-suppressive soils, where suppression is conferred by the soil microbiome, have been studied for various soil-borne fungal pathogens. However, little is known about soils suppressive to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), a major disease in broadacre crops, and their underlying microbial mechanisms. This study aimed to uncover the microbiome-mediated basis of SSR suppression by identifying a SSR-suppressive soil compared to a SSR-conducive soil, profiling microbial communities, and validating microbial drivers of suppressiveness to inform biocontrol strategies. We identified a suppressive soil that inhibited fungal basal infection and carpogenic germination of sclerotia. Suppressiveness was microbiome-mediated and transferable to soils conducive to the disease. Microbiome profiling revealed distinct community structures between the suppressive and conducive soils, with the suppressive soil enriched in known biocontrol taxa. In contrast, a remnant vegetation soil was highly susceptible to SSR and lacked these key biocontrol microbes. Microbial network analysis identified Bacillus as a keystone taxon and potential driver of suppressiveness. The suppressive soil also exhibited denser microbial co-occurrence networks. Cultivation and antagonism assays confirmed higher numbers of biocontrol bacteria, with Bacillus and Streptomyces species, including species not previously reported against S. sclerotiorum, suppressing fungal growth and reducing SSR in plant assays. Higher soil pH and a lower carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio were correlated with suppressiveness. These findings confirm the existence of SSR-suppressive soils and demonstrate that abundant antagonistic microbiota can inhibit sclerotia germination and myceliogenic growth, providing new mechanistic insights and a foundation for SSR management through microbiome enhancement and improved soil health.

疾病抑制土壤，其中抑制是由土壤微生物组授予的，已经研究了各种土壤传播的真菌病原体。然而，土壤对菌核菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）的抑制作用及其潜在的微生物机制却知之甚少。菌核菌是大面积作物的主要病害之一。本研究旨在通过鉴定SSR抑制土壤与SSR有利土壤的比较，分析微生物群落，并验证抑制的微生物驱动因素，从而揭示微生物组介导的SSR抑制基础，从而为生物防治策略提供信息。我们发现了一种抑制真菌基部感染和菌核萌发的抑制土壤。抑制作用是由微生物介导的，并可转移到有利于疾病的土壤中。微生物组分析揭示了抑制土壤和有益土壤之间不同的群落结构，抑制土壤富含已知的生物防治类群。而残留植被土壤对SSR高度敏感，缺乏这些关键的生物防治微生物。微生物网络分析表明芽孢杆菌是抑制的关键分类单元和潜在驱动因子。抑制土壤也表现出更密集的微生物共生网络。培养和拮抗实验证实了较高数量的生物防治细菌，其中芽孢杆菌和链霉菌种类，包括以前未报道的抗菌丝体的种类，在植物实验中抑制真菌生长并减少SSR。较高的土壤pH值和较低的碳氮比与抑制作用相关。这些发现证实了SSR抑制土壤的存在，并表明丰富的拮抗微生物群可以抑制菌核萌发和菌丝体生长，为通过微生物群增强和改善土壤健康进行SSR管理提供了新的机制认识和基础。

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引用次数: 0

Carbonate rock dissolution regulates soil microbial iron and nitrogen cycle to reduce cadmium accumulation in rice 碳酸盐岩溶蚀调节土壤微生物铁氮循环，减少水稻镉积累

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106731

Fengling Liu , Hu Wang , Xu Mao , Jianbo Cheng , Bing Wang , Chengwu Fan , Tengbing He , Tianling Fu

Carbonate rock dissolution (CRD) in karst areas generates abundant ionic components. CRD is a widespread natural phenomenon with properties that affect microbial activity and function. However, little is known about how CRD influences nitrogen (N) and iron (Fe) cycling-related microbial communities in soils to decrease Cd accumulation in rice. The karst limestone soil (LS), non-karst areas of yellow soil (YS), and yellow soil with the addition of carbonate rock minerals (YSC) were prepared, and extraneous Cd was added to conduct rice cultivation experiments. Metagenomics sequencing was used to investigate microbial communities related to the FeN cycling. The results revealed that the content of CRD ions in LS and YSC were substantially higher than those in YS. Compared to YS, CRD in LS and YSC effectively inhibited the absorption of Cd by roots, leading to the decrease of Cd content in grains by 94.08–97.52 % and 63.44–74.72 %, respectively. The reduction in contents of available Fe (AFe) and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) in LS and YSC indicated that the FeN cycling driven by the soil microorganism was affected by CRD. The CRD ions altered the relative abundance of differential flora between LS and YS groups. CRD inhibited the complete nitrification, comammox process driven by Planctomycetes, while it promoted assimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (ANRA) driven by Nocardioides and Fe(II) oxidation coupled with dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) driven by Anaeromyxobacter. The partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) model revealed that CRD primarily promoted microbial nitrate reduction to ammonium (MNRA), which indirectly decreased the contents of NO₃⁻-N and available Cd (ACd) in soil. Therefore, CRD in the karst regions promotes MNRA and inhibits nitrification, thereby reducing ACd content and facilitating the mitigation of Cd accumulation in rice.

岩溶地区碳酸盐岩溶蚀（CRD）产生丰富的离子组分。CRD是一种广泛存在的自然现象，具有影响微生物活性和功能的特性。然而，CRD如何影响土壤中与氮(N)和铁（Fe）循环相关的微生物群落，从而减少水稻体内镉的积累，目前尚不清楚。制备了喀斯特石灰岩土（LS）、非喀斯特地区黄壤（YS）和添加碳酸盐岩矿物的黄壤（YSC），外加Cd进行水稻栽培试验。利用宏基因组测序技术研究与FeN循环相关的微生物群落。结果表明，LS和YSC中CRD离子的含量明显高于YS。与YS相比，LS和YSC的CRD有效抑制了根系对Cd的吸收，导致籽粒Cd含量分别下降了94.08 ~ 97.52%和63.44 ~ 74.72%。LS和YSC中有效铁（AFe）和硝态氮（NO3−-N）含量的降低表明土壤微生物驱动的FeN循环受到CRD的影响。CRD离子改变了LS组和YS组间差异菌群的相对丰度。CRD抑制了植物菌驱动的完全硝化共生过程，而促进了Nocardioides驱动的同化性硝酸盐还原为铵（ANRA）和厌氧杆菌驱动的Fe（II）氧化耦合的同化性硝酸盐还原为铵（DNRA）。偏最小二乘-结构方程模型（PLS-SEM）表明，CRD主要促进微生物硝态氮还原为铵态氮（MNRA），从而间接降低土壤中NO3−-N和有效镉（ACd）的含量。因此，喀斯特地区的CRD促进了MNRA，抑制了硝化作用，从而降低了ACd含量，有利于减缓水稻Cd积累。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing citrus orchard soil health assessment through an environmental risk screening and multi-dimensional indicator integration framework 通过环境风险筛选和多维指标整合框架推进柑橘园土壤健康评价

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106741

Zhenyu Wu , Jiayuan Wang , Yuzhi Zhou , Bao Cheng , Jie Zhang , Chang Chen , Marcelo J. Avena , Wenfeng Tan , Mingxia Wang

Soil health is fundamental to agricultural productivity, and its evaluation and key determinants are critical for sustainable agriculture. Citrus is the most widely cultivated fruit crop globally, but there have been limited studies addressing soil health in citrus orchards. Here, we propose an innovative two-step framework for comprehensively evaluating soil health in citrus orchards. First, soils were screened using the single pollution index: samples exceeding the environmental risk threshold were directly classified as unhealthy, whereas compliant soils were further assessed using the Nemero comprehensive pollution index to quantify their environmental risks. Secondly, environmental risks together with physical, chemical, and biological indicators were assigned with weights determined through the coefficient of variation and analytic hierarchy process combined with membership functions. The weighted indicators were then integrated to calculate the comprehensive soil health index (CSHI), which was used to classify soil health status. Sixty soil samples were collected from citrus orchards in Hubei Province, China. The results showed that 40.0 % of soils were classified as healthy (CSHI ≥0.70), 58.3 % as sub-healthy (0.50 ≤ CSHI < 0.70), and 1.7 % as unhealthy (CSHI <0.50). Soil pH and organic matter were identified as the dominant limiting factors, while micronutrient deficiencies further constrained soil health in certain regions. Importantly, CSHI was positively correlated with both citrus yield (R² = 0.76) and citrus quality (R² = 0.57–0.81). The established framework advances soil health assessment in citrus orchards and provides a robust basis for guiding nutrient management and soil regulation.

土壤健康是农业生产力的基础，其评价和关键决定因素对可持续农业至关重要。柑橘是全球种植最广泛的水果作物，但关于柑橘果园土壤健康的研究有限。在此，我们提出了一个创新的两步框架来综合评价柑橘园土壤健康。首先，使用单一污染指数对土壤进行筛选：超过环境风险阈值的样品直接归类为不健康土壤，而符合条件的土壤则使用Nemero综合污染指数进行进一步评估，以量化其环境风险。其次，通过变异系数和层次分析法结合隶属度函数确定环境风险与物理、化学、生物指标的权重；综合各加权指标，计算土壤综合健康指数（CSHI），用于土壤健康状况分类。从湖北省柑橘果园采集了60份土壤样品。结果表明，40.0%的土壤属于健康（CSHI≥0.70），58.3%的土壤属于亚健康（0.50≤CSHI < 0.70）， 1.7%的土壤属于不健康（CSHI <0.50）。土壤pH值和有机质是主要的限制因素，而微量元素缺乏进一步限制了某些地区的土壤健康。重要的是，CSHI与柑橘产量（R2 = 0.76）和柑橘品质（R2 = 0.57 ~ 0.81）呈正相关。所建立的框架促进了柑橘果园土壤健康评价，为指导柑橘果园养分管理和土壤调控提供了有力依据。

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引用次数: 0

Canola alters rhizosphere and root microbiomes of following wheat crops 油菜改变了后续小麦作物的根际和根系微生物组

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106694

Daniel C. Schlatter , Chuntao Yin , Jeremy C. Hansen , William F. Schillinger , Timothy C. Paulitz

Crop rotation is a critical management tool to diversify and enhance the sustainability of cropping systems. Although it is well established that rotating crops can break disease cycles, reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers, and improve soil health, the legacy effects of specific rotation crops on plant-associated microbial communities are poorly understood. In this work, we used a long-term crop rotation experiment that included winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), winter triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) or canola (Brassica napus L.; either winter or spring) as rotation crops. A continuous annual spring wheat monoculture treatment was also included. Rhizosphere and root microbiomes of spring wheat following each crop were characterized using bacterial and fungal amplicon sequencing (16S and ITS1 regions, respectively). Additionally, the abundance of soil and rhizosphere microbiota was quantified using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA). Although sampling year was often the strongest driver of microbial community composition and diversity within each plant compartment (r² = 0.17 and 0.09 for rhizosphere and root communities), the previous crop species resulted in legacies in both rhizosphere and root communities (r² = 0.07 and 0.08 for rhizosphere and root communities). Core wheat rhizosphere taxa were reduced in spring wheat following canola, such as Rhizobium, Mucilaginibacter, Sphingomonas, Burkholderia and Oxalobacteraceae. Notably, many Actinobacteria (eg. Streptomyces) were relatively enriched in wheat roots following canola versus other crops, which may be related to reduced soil moisture recharge. Similarly, among fungi we observed reductions in relative abundances of arbuscular mycorrhizal taxa (Glomeromycota) as well as enrichment of potential root pathogens (e.g., Waitea) following canola. Taken together, these results suggest that interactions among soil environmental characteristics and plant-associated microbiomes should be carefully considered when designing diverse crop rotation strategies.

轮作是一项重要的管理工具，可使种植制度多样化并提高其可持续性。虽然轮作作物可以打破疾病循环，减少对合成肥料的依赖，并改善土壤健康，但人们对特定轮作作物对植物相关微生物群落的遗留影响知之甚少。在这项工作中，我们采用了冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）、冬季小黑麦（X triticcoscale Wittmack）或油菜（Brassica napus L.；冬季或春季）作为轮作作物的长期轮作试验。还包括一年生春小麦单作连作处理。采用细菌扩增子测序和真菌扩增子测序技术（分别为16S区和ITS1区）对春小麦各季根际和根系微生物组进行了分析。此外，利用磷脂脂肪酸分析（PLFA）定量土壤和根际微生物群的丰度。虽然取样年份通常是每个植物室内微生物群落组成和多样性的最强驱动因素（根际和根群落r2 = 0.17和0.09），但以前的作物物种在根际和根群落中都产生了遗传（根际和根群落r2 = 0.07和0.08）。油菜后，春小麦根瘤菌、粘胶杆菌、鞘单胞菌、伯克霍尔德菌和草藻菌科等核心小麦根际分类群减少。值得注意的是，许多放线菌(例如；小麦根系中链霉菌（Streptomyces）的含量相对高于其他作物，这可能与土壤水分补给减少有关。同样，在真菌中，我们观察到丛枝菌根分类群（Glomeromycota）的相对丰度减少，以及潜在的根病原体（例如，Waitea）在油菜之后的富集。综上所述，这些结果表明，在设计不同的作物轮作策略时，应仔细考虑土壤环境特征和植物相关微生物组之间的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Distinct linkages of microbial communities and enzymatic activities with labile and recalcitrant soil organic carbon in urban wetlands 城市湿地微生物群落和酶活性与不稳定和顽固性土壤有机碳的明显联系

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106742

Wenjuan Song , Ran Qi , Xiaohuang Liu , Nan Wang , Liancai Chen , Huaming Guo

Urban and peri-urban wetlands provide vital ecosystem services and valuable spaces for human recreation. Distinct hydrological input strategies (reclaimed water, precipitation, surface runoff and groundwater) are managed to sustain their ecological and social services. However, the roles of microbial communities and extracellular enzymes in regulating soil organic carbon pools under different hydrological inputs are not well understood. This study analyzed carbon fractions, extracellular enzymes, carbon cycling functions, and microbial diversity in soils from three wetlands in the Chaobai River Basin of Beijing, which were selected to represent a gradient of water sources. Ten bulk soil samples were collected from the water-soil transition zone of each wetland. Soil organic matter was mainly derived from C₃ plant inputs, as indicated by statistically indistinguishable δ¹³C values (−24.93 ‰ to −23.45 ‰) across the three wetlands. By contrast, very easily oxidizable carbon (VEOC) varied strongly in wetlands among hydrological regimes, whereas recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) remained comparatively stable. Enzyme activities and metagenomic functions indicated that ROC was primarily driven by oxidative pathways and metabolism of one‑carbon (C1) compounds (e.g., methane), whereas VEOC renewal was sustained by autotrophy coupled to hydrolytic activity. Random-forest models consistently showed that enzyme activities and microbial composition explained more variance in carbon fractions than edaphic properties. Mantel tests, together with community patterns, indicated stronger archaeal influence on carbon pools in Dongjiao Wetland (RWA) and a more prominent role of fungal communities in Shunyi riparian wetland (RWC). Collectively, these findings indicate that hydrological context modulates microbial and enzymatic controls on soil carbon pools, informing strategies to promote VEOC renewal and preserve ROC in urban wetlands.

城市和城郊湿地为人类提供了重要的生态系统服务和宝贵的休闲空间。不同的水文输入策略（再生水、降水、地表径流和地下水）得到管理，以维持其生态和社会服务。然而，在不同水文输入条件下，微生物群落和胞外酶对土壤有机碳库的调节作用尚不清楚。本研究分析了北京潮白河流域3个湿地土壤的碳组分、胞外酶、碳循环功能和微生物多样性。在每个湿地的水-土过渡带采集10个散装土样。3个湿地的δ13C值（- 24.93‰~ - 23.45‰）无统计学差异，表明土壤有机质主要来源于C3植物输入。不同水文条件下，极易氧化碳（VEOC）含量变化较大，而难氧化有机碳（ROC）含量相对稳定。酶活性和宏基因组功能表明，ROC主要由氧化途径和一碳（C1）化合物（如甲烷）的代谢驱动，而VEOC更新是通过自养和水解活性相结合来维持的。随机森林模型一致表明，酶活性和微生物组成比土壤性质更能解释碳组分的变化。Mantel试验和群落格局表明，古细菌群落对东郊湿地（RWA）碳库的影响更大，真菌群落在顺义河岸湿地（RWC）的作用更突出。总的来说，这些发现表明水文环境调节了微生物和酶对土壤碳库的控制，为促进城市湿地VEOC更新和保护ROC提供了策略。

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引用次数: 0

Decomposition constraints in acidified oak forests impacted by N deposition: a litterbag study on microarthropods 氮沉降对酸化栎林分解约束的影响：微节肢动物的垃圾袋研究

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106734

Marie-Charlott Petersdorf , Joren Bruggink , Maaike J. Weijters , Wilbert L.P. Janssen , Wilco C.E.P. Verberk , Henk Siepel

Nitrogen deposition causes soil acidification, which has been shown to slow down decomposition of organic matter in old oak forest stands. To restore this critical ecosystem function, we need to understand the current diversity and functional roles of decomposer organisms. We conducted a 21-month litterbag study in a Quercus robur forest in the Netherlands, using 6 different leaf treatments. These included leaves from Populus tremula as an easy degradable leaf type or Quercus robur leaves. Furthermore, leaves from each species originated from 3 different seasons (spring, summer, autumn). We extracted microarthropods from the litterbags, identified them to species level, and assigned feeding guilds to understand different stages of species establishment of microarthropods during decomposition. We found differences in decomposition rates between treatments, with spring leaves from Populus tremula decomposing the quickest and autumn leaves from Quercus robur decomposing the slowest. Feeding guild composition also differed significantly between leaf treatments; easily decomposable Populus leaves harboured more herbivorous grazers, while more recalcitrant Quercus leaves supported greater species diversity and abundance of fungivores, especially in autumn leaves, which had the overall highest microarthropod abundances. These patterns indicate that microarthropod community composition is consistent with different leaf chemistry.

氮沉降导致土壤酸化，这已被证明减缓了老栎林中有机物的分解。为了恢复这一关键的生态系统功能，我们需要了解分解者生物的多样性和功能角色。我们在荷兰的栎树林中进行了一项为期21个月的垃圾袋研究，使用了6种不同的叶子处理方法。其中包括易降解叶型的白杨叶和栎叶。此外，每个物种的叶片起源于3个不同的季节（春、夏、秋）。从垃圾袋中提取微节肢动物，对其进行物种鉴定，并划分摄食行会，了解微节肢动物在分解过程中物种建立的不同阶段。结果表明，不同处理的腐解速率存在差异，白杨春叶腐解最快，栎树秋叶腐解最慢。不同叶片处理的取食会馆组成也存在显著差异；易分解的杨树叶有更多的食草动物，而更顽强的栎树叶支持更大的物种多样性和真菌动物的丰度，特别是秋叶，其微节肢动物的总体丰度最高。这些模式表明，不同叶片的化学成分与微节肢动物群落组成一致。

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引用次数: 0

Two years in-situ phosphorus addition drives soil fungal network complexity and multifunctionality in a tropical cloud forest 在热带云雾森林中，两年原位磷添加促进了土壤真菌网络的复杂性和多功能性

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106730

Jinxiang Xiao , Linlin Lin , Ewuketu Linger , Wenxing Long , Yanfei Sun

Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient in tropical forest, where soil microorganisms play a crucial role in nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning. However, how microbial communities regulate soil multifunctionality under altered P availability remains poorly understood. To address these gaps, we conducted a two year (2022–2024) in-situ P addition experiment in a tropical cloud forest in Bawangling, Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park. We then examined microbial species diversity, phylogenetic diversity, and network complexity and their roles in driving soil multifunctionality. Results showed that P addition significantly increased soil available phosphorus (AP) and acid phosphatase activity (ACP). Fungal diversity and network complexity decreased with increasing P concentration, whereas bacterial diversity remained nosignificant changes. Variance partitioning revealed that fungal network complexity was the primary driver of soil multifunctionality (31.8 %), with synergistic effects from fungal species and phylogenetic diversity (12.7 % and 11.1 %, respectively). Structural equation modeling indicated that P addition enhanced multifunctionality primarily through an indirect pathway by improving soil conditions. Conversely, P exerted significant direct negative effects on microbial network complexity and species diversity. Despite these negative direct effects, both microbial network complexity and species diversity themselves had strong positive direct effects on multifunctionality. The overall model explained 63.2 % of the variance in soil multifunctionality. These findings suggest that moderate P input can enhance soil nutrient status while preserving fungal network complexity, a key bio-indicator of ecosystem recovery, thus offering a scientific basis for managing P inputs in tropical cloud forests and cautioning against the ecological risks of excessive P enrichment.

磷是热带森林的一种限制性养分，土壤微生物在热带森林的养分循环和生态系统功能中起着至关重要的作用。然而，在磷有效性改变的情况下，微生物群落如何调节土壤的多功能性仍然知之甚少。为了解决这些问题，我们在海南八王岭热带雨林国家公园的热带云雾林中进行了为期两年（2022-2024）的原位P添加实验。然后，我们研究了微生物物种多样性、系统发育多样性和网络复杂性及其在驱动土壤多功能性中的作用。结果表明，施磷显著提高了土壤速效磷（AP）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）活性。真菌多样性和网络复杂性随磷浓度的增加而降低，而细菌多样性变化不显著。方差划分表明，真菌网络复杂性是土壤多功能性的主要驱动因素（31.8%），真菌种类和系统发育多样性的协同作用（分别为12.7%和11.1%）。结构方程模型表明，添加磷主要通过改善土壤条件这一间接途径增强植物的多功能性。相反，磷对微生物网络复杂性和物种多样性有显著的直接负向影响。尽管存在这些负面的直接影响，但微生物网络复杂性和物种多样性本身都对多功能性有很强的正面直接影响。整体模型解释了土壤多功能性变异的63.2%。上述结果提示，适度施磷可在保持真菌网络复杂性（生态系统恢复的关键生物指标）的同时改善土壤养分状况，从而为管理热带云雾林的施磷量和防范过量磷的生态风险提供科学依据。

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引用次数: 0