Applied Soil Ecology最新文献_第8页

Response of soil nematode community to alpine meadow degradation and restoration in the Three Rivers source region 三江源区土壤线虫群落对高寒草甸退化与恢复的响应

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106762

Yuanze Li , Fei Yu , Xueying Huo , Yang Wu , Wenjing Chen , Sha Xue

The Three Rivers Headwaters region is vital for water conservation and biodiversity, but intensified grazing has degraded its alpine meadows, prompting urgent restoration. Although numerous studies have examined soil properties during meadow degradation and recovery, the responses of soil food webs to these processes remain unclear. We surveyed soil nematode communities across four degradation levels (undegenerated, lightly, moderately, and heavily degraded) and four restoration ages (3, 8, 13, and 19 years), alongside measurements of vegetation and soil nutrients. The results show that, although degradation did not alter overall nematode composition or food web indices, the heavily degraded plots exhibited the highest bacterivorous and herbivorous footprints. In the restored plots, soil nematode community composition shifted significantly, with the maturity, enrichment, and structural indices all significantly higher than at the initial stage of restoration (P < 0.05). Notably, 3-year plots showed peak enrichment footprints, while 19-year plots achieved maximum structural and omnivorous-predatory footprints. Correlation analysis showed that soil nutrients were significantly correlated with soil nematode diversity and evenness index, while plant indicators showed a weaker correlation. The maturity and structural index correlated negatively with most soil and plant metrics, while the base index and enrichment footprint correlated positively. Overall, degradation tended to channel carbon toward lower trophic levels, whereas long-term restoration promoted the development of higher-trophic-level nematodes, thereby enhancing soil food-web stability and complexity. From a management perspective, these results highlight the importance of sustained, long-term restoration for rebuilding complex soil food webs and demonstrate that nematode-based indicators can serve as practical tools for assessing restoration progress.

三江源地区对水资源保护和生物多样性至关重要，但强化放牧已经使其高山草甸退化，需要紧急恢复。尽管许多研究已经研究了草甸退化和恢复过程中的土壤特性，但土壤食物网对这些过程的响应尚不清楚。我们调查了四个退化水平（未退化、轻度、中度和重度退化）和四个恢复年龄（3、8、13和19年）的土壤线虫群落，并测量了植被和土壤养分。结果表明，虽然退化没有改变线虫的总体组成和食物网指数，但严重退化的样地显示出最高的细菌和草食性足迹。恢复样地土壤线虫群落组成变化显著，成熟度、富集度和结构指标均显著高于恢复初期（P < 0.05）。值得注意的是，3年样地的富集足迹达到峰值，而19年样地的结构足迹和杂食性-掠食性足迹达到最大值。相关分析表明，土壤养分与土壤线虫多样性和均匀度指数呈极显著相关，而植物指标相关性较弱。成熟度和结构指数与大部分土壤和植物指标呈负相关，而基础指数与富集足迹呈正相关。总体而言，退化倾向于将碳引导到低营养水平，而长期恢复促进了高营养水平线虫的发展，从而提高了土壤食物网的稳定性和复杂性。从管理的角度来看，这些结果强调了持续、长期恢复对重建复杂土壤食物网的重要性，并表明基于线虫的指标可以作为评估恢复进展的实用工具。

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引用次数: 0

Intraspecific trait shift reflects earthworm response to land-use intensification in peat grasslands 泥炭草原蚯蚓种内性状变化反映了其对土地利用集约化的响应

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106763

Lianne C. Woudstra , Jacintha Ellers , Mariet M. Hefting , Taylor B. Craft , Matty P. Berg

Peatland grasslands are ecologically valuable ecosystems that support biodiversity and provide key functions, such as carbon storage and water regulation. However, agricultural intensification can degrade these ecosystems by altering soil conditions and belowground communities. Earthworms, as important ecosystem engineers and prey for meadow birds, play a central role in soil processes and trophic interactions, yet their responses to land-use intensity in peat soils remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined how land management, soil physicochemical properties, and vegetation characteristics influence earthworm communities in 19 Dutch peat meadows. We assessed abundance, biomass, species richness, body size and species community composition in relation to land management variables and remote sensing indicators of land-use intensity (S2REP). Earthworm abundance and biomass increased with grass yield and S2REP, suggesting that more productive meadows support larger populations. Species richness, however, did not vary with land-use intensity. Average individual body size declined significantly under more intensive management, independent of juvenile proportions, indicating potential constraints on growth or condition. Communities were overall dominated by generalist, disturbance-tolerant species, while variation in species composition was more strongly linked to soil salinity than land-use intensity. Our findings show that land-use intensity primarily affects earthworm abundance and functional traits, particularly body size, rather than taxonomic diversity. These shifts may impact soil functioning and reduce the energetic value or accessibility of earthworms for meadow birds. Incorporating trait-based approaches alongside taxonomic assessments offers a more mechanistic understanding of how agricultural practices influence belowground biodiversity and ecosystem function in peatland grasslands.

泥炭地草原是具有生态价值的生态系统，支持生物多样性并提供碳储存和水调节等关键功能。然而，农业集约化会通过改变土壤条件和地下群落而使这些生态系统退化。蚯蚓作为重要的生态系统工程师和草甸鸟类的猎物，在土壤过程和营养相互作用中发挥着核心作用，但它们对泥炭土壤土地利用强度的响应仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们研究了土地管理、土壤理化性质和植被特征如何影响19个荷兰泥炭草甸的蚯蚓群落。我们评估了丰度、生物量、物种丰富度、体大小和物种群落组成与土地管理变量和土地利用强度（S2REP）遥感指标的关系。蚯蚓的丰度和生物量随草产量和S2REP的增加而增加，表明高产草地支持更大的种群。物种丰富度不随土地利用强度的变化而变化。在集约化管理下，个体平均体型显著下降，与幼鱼比例无关，表明生长或状况可能受到限制。群落总体上以多能型、耐干扰的物种为主，而物种组成的变化与土壤盐度的关系比与土地利用强度的关系更强。研究结果表明，土地利用强度主要影响蚯蚓的丰度和功能性状，尤其是体型，而不是分类多样性。这些变化可能会影响土壤功能，降低草地鸟类对蚯蚓的能量价值或可及性。将基于性状的方法与分类学评估结合起来，可以更机械地了解农业实践如何影响泥炭地草原的地下生物多样性和生态系统功能。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of in-situ wildfire smoke deposition on soil carbon stoichiometry, enzymatic activities and bacterial community structure in Cunninghamia lanceolata forests 原位野火烟尘沉降对杉木林土壤碳化学计量、酶活性和细菌群落结构的影响

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106770

Yuanfan Ma , Mulualem Tigabu , Jiayu Chen , Zhehan Li , Pingxin Zhao , Mark Bayo Turay , Guangyu Wang , Futao Guo

With the proliferation of wildfires, the emitted smoke releases substantial amounts of carbonaceous materials into the atmosphere, which subsequently return to forest ecosystems through migration and deposition. Understanding the impact of wildfire smoke deposition on forest soil carbon is of substantial ecological significance. However, smoke emission from forest fires and its subsequent deposition in forest ecosystem as a “carbon source” have received limited attention. In this study, a simulated experiment involving deposition of smoke solutions at varying concentrations was conducted on litter and soil layers of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations over a one-year period to examine changes total carbon and stoichiometry contents, enzyme activities and bacterial community composition along with soil physicochemical properties and their underlying interrelationships. The soil pH transiently increased by 12.73 % and 11.60 % and 16.78 % and 21.24 % in 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm soil layers in response to deposition of low and high smoke concentration, respectively compared to the control. Smoke deposition did not significantly alter soil electrical conductivity, total carbon content or the proportions of elemental and organic carbon in soil layers. However, wildfire smoke deposition significantly affected the activities of catalase, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and cellulase in forest litter and soil layers, with high smoke concentrations being consistently inhibitory. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobia were dominant taxa, with a short-term decrease in their relative abundance and diversity post-smoke deposition. Microbial-enzyme interactions in the litter and soil were crucial for soil carbon sequestration and cycling. These findings emphasize the need to incorporate smoke-derived factors in soil management models to mitigate fire-impacted ecosystem degradation. We recommend prioritizing the assessment of the impacts of smoke derived from high intensity fire on forest soil carbon balance and biological activities in wildfire management strategies and implementing mitigation measures.

随着野火的扩散，排放的烟雾将大量含碳物质释放到大气中，这些物质随后通过迁移和沉积返回森林生态系统。了解野火烟尘沉降对森林土壤碳的影响具有重要的生态意义。然而，森林火灾的烟雾排放及其作为“碳源”在森林生态系统中的沉积受到的关注有限。本研究在杉木人工林凋落物和土层上进行了1年不同浓度烟雾溶液的模拟沉降试验，研究了总碳和化学计量学含量、酶活性和细菌群落组成的变化以及土壤理化性质及其相互关系。低烟浓度和高烟浓度沉降对0 ~ 10 cm和10 ~ 20 cm土层土壤pH值的影响分别较对照增加了12.73%和11.60%、16.78%和21.24%。烟尘沉降对土壤电导率、全碳含量及各土层中元素碳和有机碳的比例影响不显著。野火烟尘沉降对凋落物和土壤中过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶和纤维素酶的活性有显著影响，且高烟尘浓度持续抑制。变形菌门、酸性菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、氯霉素门和Verrucomicrobia是优势菌群，在烟雾沉降后，它们的相对丰度和多样性短期内下降。凋落物和土壤中微生物-酶的相互作用对土壤固碳和循环至关重要。这些发现强调需要在土壤管理模型中纳入烟雾衍生因素，以减轻火灾影响的生态系统退化。我们建议在野火管理战略和实施缓解措施中优先评估高强度火灾产生的烟雾对森林土壤碳平衡和生物活动的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Much ado about communicating: plant-AMF chemical crosstalk and structuring of the rhizospheric microbiome 交流：植物- amf化学串扰和根际微生物群的结构

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106759

David Kothamasi

A plant–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)–microbe tripartite holobiont maintains and drives ecosystem health and function. Its formation is preceded by a complex molecular dialogue among all three partners. AMF are colonisers of the plant as well as the soil, where they share a niche with plant growth promoting microbial groups. Because AMF lack enzymatic repertoire for many functions, they recruit cooperative microbes to complement their missing enzyme roles. Strigolactones and other bioactive metabolites are central to these interactions and act as recognition signals between plants, microbes, and possibly between AMF and their microbial partners. Despite advances in understanding plant-AMF signalling, crucial gaps remain regarding the signalling mechanisms by which AMF select and recruit cooperative microbes. Here, I explore the chemical cross-talks that underpin plant–AMF and plant–microbe symbiosis and evaluate whether AMF use similar signals to form alliances with other growth-promoting microbes. Addressing these knowledge gaps will require targeted experiments to trace signalling molecules and understand how AMF influence the rhizosphere's chemistry. Advancing our understanding of these below-ground communications will help inform sustainable ecosystem management practices and enable better management of soil microbial diversity, ultimately supporting resilient plant productivity and healthier ecosystems.

植物-丛枝菌根真菌(AMF) -微生物三方全息体维持和驱动生态系统的健康和功能。它的形成是在所有三个伙伴之间复杂的分子对话之前。AMF是植物和土壤的殖民者，它们与促进植物生长的微生物群共享一个生态位。由于AMF缺乏许多功能的酶库，它们招募合作微生物来补充其缺失的酶作用。独角孤内酯和其他生物活性代谢物是这些相互作用的核心，在植物、微生物之间，以及可能在AMF和它们的微生物伙伴之间充当识别信号。尽管对植物AMF信号传导的理解取得了进展，但关于AMF选择和招募合作微生物的信号传导机制仍然存在重大空白。在这里，我探索了支撑植物- AMF和植物-微生物共生的化学交叉对话，并评估AMF是否使用类似的信号与其他促进生长的微生物形成联盟。解决这些知识空白需要有针对性的实验来追踪信号分子并了解AMF如何影响根际化学。推进我们对这些地下通信的理解将有助于为可持续生态系统管理实践提供信息，并有助于更好地管理土壤微生物多样性，最终支持有弹性的植物生产力和更健康的生态系统。

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引用次数: 0

Soil microbial community co-occurrence network structure and its drivers in arid mountainous areas 干旱山区土壤微生物群落共现网络结构及其驱动因素

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106738

Ziyuan Zhou , Genzhu Wang , Mengyao Wu , Wenchang Ma , Xuebin Li , Yinglong Chen , Lin Chen , Danbo Pang

Soil microbial communities are a key component of mountain ecosystems in arid zones. However, their changing patterns along altitudinal gradients remain unclear, hindering the understanding of mountain soil ecosystems in arid areas. In this study, soil samples were collected from the western slope of Helan Mountain, northwest China at different elevations (1800–3000 m), and plant diversity, soil physicochemical properties, soil microorganisms were measured at various elevations to further investigate the regulation of soil microbial communities. The results showed that the species richness (Chao1 index) of soil bacterial and fungal communities exhibited a generally similar pattern, they were lower in the desert steppe at low elevations, significantly increased in the arboreal forest at mid-elevations, and then gradually decreased as elevation increased toward the alpine meadow. Random forest models identified soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), elevation as the strongest predictors of bacterial Alpha diversity (Chao1: R² = 0.18, Shannon: R² = 0.20; P < 0.001) and community composition (R² = 0.67, P < 0.001). In contrast, fungal richness (Chao1) was mainly driven by soil water content (SWC), elevation, SOC (R² = 0.35, P < 0.001), while fungal diversity (Shannon) was governed by SWC, SOC and elevation (R² = 0.12; P < 0.001). Across vegetation types, fungal community composition mirrored bacterial patterns and was primarily controlled by elevation, SOC, SWC, total phosphorus, bulk density and ammonium nitrogen (R² = 0.69; P < 0.001). Bacterial co-occurrence networks were highly modular in the arboreal woodland (Modularity >0.9), with strong positive correlations between core bacterial phyla (Positive links >60 %), contributing to community stability. Core taxa such as Ascomycota and Basidiomycota dominated the network structure and community stability in fungal co-occurrence networks. Changes in elevation, vegetation type, and soil factors significantly affected the topology of the co-occurrence network, and the interaction characteristics of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks differed. This study deepens the understanding of soil microbial communities in mountainous areas of arid zones and contributes to the sustainable development and conservation of ecosystems in this region.

土壤微生物群落是干旱区山地生态系统的重要组成部分。但其沿海拔梯度的变化规律尚不清楚，阻碍了对干旱区山地土壤生态系统的认识。本研究在贺兰山西坡不同海拔高度（1800 ~ 3000 m）采集土壤样品，对不同海拔高度的植物多样性、土壤理化性质、土壤微生物进行测定，进一步探讨土壤微生物群落的调控作用。结果表明：土壤细菌和真菌群落的物种丰富度（Chao1指数）呈现出大致相似的格局，低海拔荒漠草原的丰富度较低，中海拔乔木林的丰富度显著增加，向高寒草甸方向随海拔升高而逐渐降低。随机森林模型发现，土壤pH、土壤有机碳（SOC）、海拔高度是细菌α多样性（Chao1: R2 = 0.18, Shannon: R2 = 0.20; P < 0.001）和群落组成（R2 = 0.67, P < 0.001）的最强预测因子。真菌丰富度（Chao1）主要受土壤含水量（SWC）、高程、有机碳（SOC）驱动（R2 = 0.35, P < 0.001），真菌多样性（Shannon）主要受土壤含水量（SWC）、有机碳（SOC）和高程控制（R2 = 0.12, P < 0.001）。在不同植被类型中，真菌群落组成反映了细菌格局，主要受海拔、有机碳、SWC、总磷、容重和铵态氮的控制（R2 = 0.69; P < 0.001）。在乔木林地中，细菌共生网络具有高度模块化（模块化度>；0.9），核心细菌门之间具有很强的正相关性（正链接>； 60%），有助于群落的稳定。在真菌共生网络中，子囊菌门和担子菌门等核心类群在网络结构和群落稳定性方面占主导地位。高程、植被类型和土壤因子的变化显著影响共生网络的拓扑结构，细菌和真菌共生网络的相互作用特征存在差异。本研究加深了对干旱区山区土壤微生物群落的认识，有助于该地区生态系统的可持续发展和保护。

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引用次数: 0

Community assembly governs microbial biogeography and ecosystem multifunctionality across Tibetan alpine grasslands 群落聚集控制着青藏高寒草原微生物生物地理和生态系统的多功能性

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106744

Xiao-Qian Yang , Jian-Guo Ma , Jian-Fei Yu , Fu-Sen Nan , Yuan-Qi Zhao , Xiao-Bo Wang

Soil microbial communities exhibit pronounced spatial heterogeneity in diversity patterns and assembly processes along environmental gradients. This heterogeneity, governed by the complex interplay of climatic, edaphic, and biotic factors, exerts a profound influence on ecosystem functions. However, our understanding of these patterns and mechanisms remains limited, especially in ecologically fragile regions like the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Through a large-scale survey across four grassland types on the northern QTP, we investigated the spatial variation of microbial diversity, its drivers, and its connection to ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF). Microbial communities displayed distinct biogeographic patterns, with alpha diversity significantly lower in arid alpine desert grassland (ADG) compared to more mesic sites. Mean annual precipitation (MAP) and plant richness emerged as the strongest predictors of diversity. While significant distance–decay relationships were observed for all communities, bacteria exhibited steeper spatial turnover (slope = −0.042 to −0.044) than fungi (slope = −0.024 to −0.028). Community assembly was predominantly governed by dispersal limitation (fungi: 69.7–80.5 %; bacteria: 83.2–89.1 %) and homogeneous selection (fungi: 16.6–26.5 %; bacteria: 6.7–12.3 %). Crucially, we found that environmental factors like MAP and plant richness influence EMF primarily through indirect pathways, by regulating microbial community structure and assembly processes. Our findings highlight that climate change, by altering precipitation regimes and biotic communities, could disrupt the microbial-mediated pathways that sustain EMF in these vulnerable alpine grasslands.

土壤微生物群落在多样性格局和聚集过程中表现出明显的空间异质性。这种异质性受气候、土壤和生物因素复杂的相互作用支配，对生态系统功能产生深远影响。然而，我们对这些模式和机制的了解仍然有限，特别是在青藏高原等生态脆弱地区。通过对青藏高原北部4种草地类型的大规模调查，研究了微生物多样性的空间变异、驱动因素及其与生态系统多功能性（EMF）的关系。微生物群落表现出明显的生物地理格局，在干旱高寒荒漠草原（ADG）中，α多样性显著低于多mesic草地。平均年降水量（MAP）和植物丰富度是多样性的最强预测因子。虽然所有群落都观察到显著的距离衰减关系，但细菌的空间周转（斜率= - 0.042至- 0.044）比真菌（斜率= - 0.024至- 0.028）更陡峭。群落聚集主要受扩散限制（真菌：69.7 - 80.5%；细菌：83.2 - 89.1%）和同质选择（真菌：16.6 - 26.5%；细菌：6.7 - 12.3%）控制。重要的是，我们发现MAP和植物丰富度等环境因子主要通过间接途径影响EMF，通过调节微生物群落结构和组装过程。我们的研究结果强调，气候变化通过改变降水制度和生物群落，可能会破坏这些脆弱的高山草原中维持EMF的微生物介导途径。

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引用次数: 0

Soil microarthropod assemblage under various vegetation covers: A bioindicator approach in agriculture 不同植被覆盖下土壤微节肢动物组合：农业生物指示方法

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106746

Zenawi Tadesse , Roza Belayneh , Jonathan Fireman , Moshe Coll , Oren Shelef

Soil fauna, particularly its microarthropods, plays a key role in soil functioning, such as nutrient cycling and soil formation. However, the interactions of agricultural practices and the functioning of soil biodiversity are not fully understood. This study evaluated how vegetation cover, as a conservative agricultural practice, affects microarthropod diversity in three Mediterranean agroecosystems - almond and olive orchards and vineyards in Israel. Soil samples were collected from vegetated and non-vegetated areas and analyzed using the Soil Biological Quality method (QBS-ar). Higher QBS-ar, higher microarthropod richness, and distinct assemblage composition were measured in vegetated soils compared to soils without vegetation. Acari, Collembola, Diplura, Coleoptera, Chilopoda, and Symphyla were identified by indicator value analysis as biological indicators of vegetation cover. These findings highlight the positive impact of vegetation cover on soil biodiversity in agroecosystems, which is likely to support ecosystem services. Such research can aid farmers in Mediterranean climates, land managers, and policymakers in developing sustainable soil management practices that balance biodiversity conservation with agricultural productivity. Future research should aim to expand these findings through independent multi-site studies and long-term monitoring to assess the impact of vegetation cover under diverse conditions across countries in Mediterranean climates.

土壤动物，特别是其微节肢动物，在土壤功能中起着关键作用，如养分循环和土壤形成。然而，农业实践与土壤生物多样性功能之间的相互作用尚不完全清楚。本研究评估了作为一种保守的农业实践，植被覆盖如何影响三个地中海农业生态系统——以色列的杏仁园、橄榄园和葡萄园的小节肢动物多样性。采用土壤生物质量法（QBS-ar）对植被区和非植被区土壤样品进行分析。与无植被的土壤相比，植被土壤的QBS-ar、微节肢动物丰富度更高，群落组成也明显不同。通过指标值分析，确定了蜱螨、弹虫、双翅目、鞘翅目、七足目和合门为植被覆盖的生物指标。这些发现强调了植被覆盖对农业生态系统土壤生物多样性的积极影响，这可能支持生态系统服务。这类研究可以帮助地中海气候下的农民、土地管理者和决策者制定可持续的土壤管理实践，平衡生物多样性保护与农业生产力。未来的研究应该旨在通过独立的多地点研究和长期监测来扩大这些发现，以评估地中海气候下不同条件下各国植被覆盖的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Nitrogen and water additions enhance the soil nematode food web total energy flux while maintaining its uniformity in a desert steppe ecosystem 在荒漠草原生态系统中，氮和水的添加增加了土壤线虫食物网的总能量通量，同时保持了其均匀性

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106750

Haojun Nong , Weiwei She , Zunchi Liu , Bin He , Yanpei Guo , Guannan Zhu , Chunyang Song , Zhao Hu , Shugao Qin , Yuqing Zhanga

Nitrogen deposition and altered precipitation patterns are dramatically transforming soil biological communities and food web structures. However, their long-term combined effects in desert steppe ecosystems are not well understood, limiting our ability to predict ecosystem multifunctionality in the context of climate change. In this study, we conducted a 9-year manipulative experiment in the Mu Us Desert to assess how nitrogen and water additions jointly influence energy flux and structural uniformity within the soil nematode food web. Our results showed that both nitrogen and water inputs significantly enhanced total energy flux by enhancing nematode diversity at species and functional levels. Interestingly, water availability was the predominant factor mediating the effects of nitrogen, and the dominance site and balance action of bacterial and fungal channels further underscored the importance of biocrusts in desert steppe ecosystems. Contrary to expectations, this increase in total flux did not change food web uniformity, as all trophic groups responded proportionately to the additions of resources. Importantly, combined enrichment accelerated phosphorus depletion, indicating a potential trade-off in which enhanced flux and diversity may be accompanied by increased phosphorus demand. These results suggest that while anticipated increases in nitrogen deposition and precipitation could enhance energy flux through desert steppe soil food webs by alleviating resource limitations and boosting biodiversity, they might concurrently trigger stoichiometric imbalances. Our research offers critical mechanistic insights into desert steppe ecosystem responses to global change drivers, highlighting the dual significance of biodiversity conservation and nutrient balance in sustaining ecosystem functioning.

氮沉降和降水模式的改变极大地改变了土壤生物群落和食物网结构。然而，它们对荒漠草原生态系统的长期综合影响尚不清楚，这限制了我们在气候变化背景下预测生态系统多功能性的能力。本研究在毛乌素沙漠进行了为期9年的操纵实验，以评估氮和水的添加如何共同影响土壤线虫食物网的能量通量和结构均匀性。研究结果表明，氮和水的输入均通过在物种和功能水平上增强线虫的多样性而显著提高了总能量通量。水分有效性是调节氮效应的主要因子，细菌和真菌通道的优势位点和平衡作用进一步强调了生物结皮在荒漠草原生态系统中的重要性。与预期相反，总通量的增加并没有改变食物网的均匀性，因为所有营养类群都对资源的增加做出了相应的反应。重要的是，联合富集加速了磷的消耗，表明了一种潜在的权衡，即通量和多样性的增强可能伴随着磷需求的增加。这些结果表明，虽然氮沉降和降水的预期增加可以通过缓解资源限制和促进生物多样性来增强通过荒漠草原土壤食物网的能量通量，但它们可能同时引发化学计量失衡。我们的研究为荒漠草原生态系统对全球变化驱动因素的响应提供了关键的机制见解，强调了生物多样性保护和营养平衡在维持生态系统功能中的双重意义。

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引用次数: 0

Coumarins mediate the effects of plant diversity on soil microbial community structure and interaction across diverse soils 香豆素介导植物多样性对土壤微生物群落结构和相互作用的影响

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106755

Shu Li , Ruimin Li , Yuanyuan Yan , Liangliang Liu , Zhe Su , Yi Ren , Xing Zhou , Zucong Cai , Xinqi Huang

Plant-soil microorganisms engage in complex interactions that reflect the dynamic interplay between aboveground and belowground environments. However, current knowledge regarding the effects of root exudate-mediated plant diversity on soil microbial communities across divergent soil types remains limited. This study integrated bacterial and fungal amplicon sequencing with root exudate metabolomics to analyze the effects of plant diversity on microbial community diversity, structure, and potential functions across three representative zonal soil types. Key findings demonstrate that plant diversity exerted a stronger influence on the alpha diversity of fungal communities than on bacterial communities. Moreover, increasing plant diversity enhanced the compositional similarity among microbial communities and significantly promoted the stability and complexity of fungal and bacterial-fungal cross-kingdom community networks, while having comparatively weaker effects on bacterial community networks. The impacts of plant diversity on microbial community composition, interactions, and environmental adaptability were found to vary by soil type. Although the specific microbial functions affected differed among the three soil types, metabolism-related functions and traits associated with growth yield-strategy consistently increased with higher plant diversity. Notably, coumarins—plant secondary metabolites significantly enriched under high plant diversity—emerged as key root exudates driving changes in microbial diversity and community structure. Overall, this study provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the effect of aboveground biodiversity on shaping belowground microbial communities across heterogeneous soil environments. It further establishes a soil-contextualized framework for predicting the interactions between aboveground and belowground relationships.

植物-土壤微生物参与复杂的相互作用，反映了地上和地下环境之间的动态相互作用。然而，目前关于根系分泌物介导的植物多样性对不同土壤类型土壤微生物群落的影响的知识仍然有限。本研究将细菌和真菌扩增子测序与根分泌物代谢组学相结合，分析了植物多样性对3种代表性地带性土壤类型微生物群落多样性、结构和潜在功能的影响。结果表明，植物多样性对真菌群落α多样性的影响大于对细菌群落α多样性的影响。此外，植物多样性的增加增加了微生物群落组成的相似性，显著提高了真菌和细菌-真菌跨界群落网络的稳定性和复杂性，而对细菌群落网络的影响相对较弱。植物多样性对微生物群落组成、相互作用和环境适应性的影响因土壤类型而异。虽然受影响的特定微生物功能在三种土壤类型中有所不同，但与生长产量策略相关的代谢相关功能和性状随着植物多样性的增加而增加。值得注意的是，香豆素作为植物次生代谢物在植物多样性高的条件下显著富集，成为驱动微生物多样性和群落结构变化的关键根系分泌物。总体而言，本研究为理解非均质土壤环境下地上生物多样性对地下微生物群落形成的影响提供了理论基础。它进一步建立了一个土壤背景框架，用于预测地上和地下关系之间的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Perennialization and intercropping effects on cereal rhizosphere microbiome 多年化和间作对谷物根际微生物组的影响

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106757

Siwook Hwang , Joe E. Brummer , Timothy E. Crews , Lady Grant , Bridget B. McGivern , Kelly C. Wrighton , Steven J. Fonte

Perennial agriculture is an alternative agricultural paradigm with potential to improve soil health and reduce energy input. Cereal-legume intercropping (or biculture) is often suggested together with perennial crops as a way to reduce exogenous nitrogen (N) input. In developing new perennial cereal varieties, a crop's ability to adapt to neighboring legumes and optimize interactions between crops is of particular interest. The rhizosphere microbial community plays a major part in this plant adaptation since much of the N transfer between cereals and legumes is facilitated by microbial activity. Therefore, we conducted a field study to examine plant performance and rhizosphere communities of the recently domesticated perennial cereal Kernza (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey), annual wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.), and their hybrid, perennial wheat. Each genotype was planted either in monoculture or in biculture with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and its rhizosphere microbial community was profiled using 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon profiles of perennial wheat were distinct from those of annual wheat and were similar to those of Kernza (pairwise PERMANOVA, p = 0.012, p = 0.316, respectively); the hybrid seemingly inherited microbial recruitment traits of its perennial parent more so than from the annual parent. Interestingly, the inclusion of alfalfa led to the convergence of 16S profiles, likely due to its competitive pressure across genotypes. In contrast, the fungal community did not show a clear genotype effect (PERMANOVA, p = 0.551). In conclusion, we found that crop genotype influenced rhizosphere microbial communities, with rhizosphere microbiome inheritability skewed toward the annual parent, and that this was further shaped by legume competition. Our study demonstrates the importance of including rhizosphere plant genotype-microbial interactions in the evaluation of novel cereal crops in both monoculture and cereal-legume biculture.

多年生农业是一种可替代的农业模式，具有改善土壤健康和减少能量投入的潜力。谷类-豆科作物间作（或双栽培）常被建议与多年生作物一起作为减少外源氮(N)输入的一种方式。在开发新的多年生谷物品种时，作物适应邻近豆科植物和优化作物间相互作用的能力尤其值得关注。根际微生物群落在这种植物适应中起着重要作用，因为谷物和豆类之间的大部分氮转移都是由微生物活动促进的。因此，我们对最近驯化的多年生谷物Kernza （Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & d.r.d edewey）、一年生小麦Triticum turgidum L. subsp.；硬质(Desf)。Husn)，以及它们的杂交多年生小麦。每个基因型分别与紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）单作或双作种植，利用16S和its扩增子测序对其根际微生物群落进行分析。多年生小麦的16S rRNA基因扩增子谱与一年生小麦不同，与Kernza相似（两两分析，p = 0.012, p = 0.316）；与一年生亲本相比，杂交种似乎更多地继承了多年生亲本的微生物招募特性。有趣的是，苜蓿的加入导致了16S谱的趋同，这可能是由于它在不同基因型之间的竞争压力。相比之下，真菌群落没有明显的基因型效应（PERMANOVA, p = 0.551）。综上所述，作物基因型影响根际微生物群落，根际微生物群落遗传倾向于一年生亲本，这进一步受到豆科植物竞争的影响。我们的研究证明了将根际植物基因型-微生物相互作用纳入单一栽培和谷物-豆类双栽培的新型谷类作物评价中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0