Applied psychology. Health and well-being最新文献

Previous studies have demonstrated that mindfulness-enhanced exercise training (MEET) exerts positive effects on mental health of college students. This research aims to compare the similarities and differences in efficacy, trajectories of effects, and the underly mechanism between two distinct types of MEET, which integrates mindfulness practices with tai chi (MTC) or resistance training (MR). A total of 149 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to either the MTC or MR group. Participants attended 26 weekly sessions. Mindfulness, anxiety, and well-being were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-month follow-up, with 25 weekly measurements tracking temporal changes. Mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate intervention effects, while Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) and Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling (DSEM) were used to analyze longitudinal trajectories and dynamic relationships. Mixed ANOVAs revealed that both interventions improved mindfulness and well-being and reduced anxiety, with benefits sustained at follow-up. HLM indicated linear improvement trajectories, reflecting cumulative gains. Interaction analyses revealed that MTC produced faster initial mindfulness improvements, whereas MR yielded stronger well-being gains in later phases. DSEM identified a bidirectional relationship: mindfulness reduced anxiety and enhanced well-being, while these changes reinforced mindfulness. These findings suggest that MEET enhances mental health in students regardless of exercise modality, supporting mindfulness as a flexible component of wellness programs.

This study maps 1941 Web of Science articles (2000–May 2025) to clarify how mindfulness research relates to psychological well-being and priorities under Sustainable Development Goal 3. Using network and temporal analyses, we identify 11 thematic clusters spanning clinical care, workplace motivation and self-determination, cognitive-neuroscience mechanisms, measurement/psychometrics, family and developmental settings, trauma recovery, and cardiometabolic health. Publication activity has increased substantially, and the thematic center of gravity has shifted from symptom reduction toward resilience-oriented and technology-enabled applications. Emerging fronts include self-compassion and related strengths, interoception and mind–body practices, and digital delivery (telehealth/mobile health). Persistent gaps involve under-representation of non-WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) populations, limited attention to eudaimonic outcomes, incomplete specification of mechanisms, and sparse long-term or implementation evidence. By integrating two previously parallel literatures, the review offers a concise field map that highlights established anchors and actionable frontiers. The results inform the design, targeting, and evaluation of mindfulness programs that advance population mental health and flourishing.

Severe mental disorders (SMDs), such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and personality disorders, present significant challenges for stress and anxiety management due to cognitive vulnerabilities. Self-regulated learning (SRL) models offer a structured framework for analyzing self-management strategies, yet their application in mental health contexts remains underexplored. This study applies Pintrich's (2000) SRL model to examine how individuals with SMDs manage stress and anxiety, identifying strengths and gaps across the forethought, monitoring, control, and reaction/reflection phases. A qualitative approach was employed, analyzing focus group discussions with 28 adults diagnosed with SMDs. Thematic analysis, conducted using NVivo, combined inductive coding and theory-driven interpretation based on the SRL framework. Results show that the forethought phase was most frequently represented, emphasizing participants' cognitive preparation and anticipation of stressors. The control phase followed, highlighting behavioral and contextual coping strategies such as relaxation, problem-solving, and support-seeking. However, the monitoring and reaction/reflection phases were less developed, with limited focus on real-time awareness and evaluation. These findings point to the need for tailored interventions and highlight theoretical adaptations required to extend SRL to clinical contexts. We discuss how integrating SRL with recovery-oriented frameworks could support more adaptive, person-centered strategies for managing stress and anxiety in SMDs.

This systematic review aimed to consolidate evidence regarding the effect of skin diseases (SD) on body image (BI) and to examine the sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial correlates of BI in individuals with SD. A comprehensive search was conducted in December 2024 across nine databases, including MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO, EBSCO, BVSALUD, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and LILACS. Twenty-five case–control and cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings revealed greater body dissatisfaction in individuals with SD compared to control groups. Age was not associated with BI, and results on gender differences were mixed—some studies found greater dissatisfaction among women, while others showed no significant differences. Associations between BI and clinical features such as disease severity, duration, and disability were inconclusive due to limited data. However, BI showed strong correlations with quality of life, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and aspects of intimate and social relationships. Overall, the evidence suggests that individuals with SD experience negative changes across multiple dimensions of body experience, which are associated with poorer psychosocial health outcomes. Positive body image may serve as a valuable target for interventions aimed at enhancing well-being among individuals with chronic skin conditions, highlighting the psychosomatic significance of BI and the need for integrated psychological and medical approaches.

The Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability (LOHAS) paradigm is increasingly cited as a bridge between personal well-being, environmental sustainability, and ethical consumption. To chart its scholarly evolution, we conducted a bibliometric analysis in accordance with PRISMA, covering 743 Web of Science articles published from 1993 to 2024. VOSviewer network maps of keyword co-occurrences, co-citations, and country collaborations revealed five dominant research clusters: (1) sustainability and consumer behavior, (2) physical activity and chronic disease prevention, (3) lifestyle, mental health, and well-being, (4) measurement and intervention design, and (5) environment, public policy, and social sustainability. Annual output has climbed from one paper in 1993 to 110 papers in 2024, and centrality analyses place ‘sustainability,’ ‘health,’ and ‘physical activity’ at the core of the field. Although recent studies increasingly probe psychological mechanisms—such as behavior change, social support, and mindfulness—these remain less developed than environmental or consumption themes. We conclude that LOHAS scholarship now sits at an interdisciplinary inflection point and recommend deeper engagement with Behavioral Theory, broader international collaboration, and rigorous mixed-method designs that track the dual benefits of human health and planetary sustainability.

Physical activity can improve mental health by improving mood and by lowering depressive symptoms. This systematic review uses a structured narrative synthesis to summarise within-person associations between physical activity and affect in naturalistic settings, and how these associations may differ by level of depressive symptomatology. We also reviewed the methodological choices that could influence these outcomes and provide a methodological roadmap as a recommendation for future studies. A systematic review was conducted up to December 2024 of studies that addressed within-person associations between daily physical activity and affect using ambulatory assessment techniques in individuals aged 4–65 years and assessed depressive symptoms. Our selection yielded 32 eligible studies. A consistent finding was the positive within-person association between physical activity and concurrent or subsequent positive affect, while results were mixed for negative affect. Results were further inconclusive regarding the role of depression in this relationship. Common challenges affecting replicability include an often-inadequate assessment of measurement reliability and validity, and insufficient controls for relevant (contextual) factors in these analyses, such as the length of the time-lag and mode of physical activity. Future studies should employ emerging best practices regarding study design, analysis and reporting of ambulatory assessment data. Such rigorous research practice will strengthen our understanding of these relationships and further inform more effective, personalised physical activity interventions to improve mood and depressive symptoms.

Parental support significantly influences children's physical activity (PA) levels. Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) delivered through mobile health (mHealth) may provide personalized, dynamic support to parents, though research is limited. 1) Describe the co-design process of a family-based JITAI app designed to help parents support their children's PA, and 2) evaluate the resources required to co-design this app using a “no-code” platform, Pathverse. Following the Integrate, Design, Assess, Share (IDEAS) and Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) frameworks, parents of children 8–12 years not meeting PA guidelines participated in semi-structured interviews (Phase 1). Feedback-informed app features, JITAI tailoring strategies, and prototype refinement (Phase 2). Six parents participated in Phase 1 guided by the IDEAS framework, with parental feedback directly shaping the app design. Parents emphasized family-based content, gamification, and diverse PA activities, while barriers (e.g., time, weather) informed JITAI tailoring. The M-PAC framework guided the selection and delivery of behavior change techniques (e.g., self-monitoring, social support). Development required 320 hours over four months, including decision-tree creation (50), uploading dynamic content (70), and testing (80). A family-based JITAI app was co-designed leveraging the M-PAC framework and Pathverse to integrate parental support for PA, laying the groundwork for future testing.

High levels of parental stress can adversely affect both parents and children, leading to negative psychological outcomes. The present study consists of two randomised controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of a 14-day mindfulness- and compassion-based parenting programme delivered through instant text messaging in reducing parenting stress. Studies 1 and 2 recruited 222 and 271 parents in August 2021 and January 2022, respectively. All participants had at least one child studying in nursery or primary school. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a waitlist control group. Assessments were conducted before the intervention, immediately following the intervention and 14 days after the intervention. During the 14-day intervention, 14 audio recordings (ranging in length from 12 to 17 min) introducing parenting skills as well as mindfulness and compassion exercises were sent to the participants through WhatsApp and Signal. The primary outcome of both studies was parenting stress. Mental well-being, interpersonal mindfulness in parenting and parenting behaviours were measured as secondary outcomes. Data were analysed using linear mixed models with full maximum likelihood estimation. A significant time by group interaction effect on parenting stress was found in both studies. In both studies, intervention effects on parenting stress were not sustained at 14-day follow-up. The results of the present study provided evidence that a brief, instant messaging-based parenting programme has the potential to reduce parenting stress.

Despite growing interest in technology-mediated mental health solutions, the efficacy of online social support interventions remains theoretically ambiguous and empirically inconsistent. To address this gap, we conducted a three-level meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of online social support interventions on psychological well-being. It synthesized 84 effect sizes from 32 studies involving a total of 10,776 participants. Our multilevel modeling revealed three key results: First, while aggregate effects showed nonsignificant improvements in psychological well-being at short-term and long-term, significant cross-study heterogeneity underscored contextual variability. Second, cultural context emerged as a moderator, with populations in Eastern countries demonstrating greater long-term maintenance of intervention effects. Intervention provider (professional vs. peer vs. mixed) showed a marginally significant impact on short-term effects. Our findings highlight that the effectiveness of online social support interventions is not inherent to the digital medium itself, but is profoundly influenced by the alignment between the support provider and the socio-cultural context of both providers and recipients. This emphasizes the need for theory-driven, customized interventions that integrate social and contextual elements to enhance psychological well-being.

Integrating an existential lens into chronic pain treatment enables a holistic and biopsychosocial approach to treating chronic pain. This scoping review aimed to identify the characteristics, themes, and results of existential therapy for treating chronic pain. We searched seven databases for empirical papers that described an existentially based intervention for a chronic pain sample. Conducted in May 2023, the search terms were related to chronic pain and truncated versions of existential and humanistic therapies. Six articles met the criteria and were included. Quantitative and qualitative studies were included, ranging from randomized controlled trials, non-randomized experiments, a case report, and a case study. Extracted data included study characteristics and common intervention themes (e.g., meaningfulness, self-identity, etc.) and outcome themes (e.g., pain-related, life satisfaction, etc.). All studies reported a reduction in pain symptoms or severity. Physical functioning was generally not influenced by existential therapy; however, it did improve with or in combination with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Meaningfulness was a common theme in all the interventions, and most articles reported increased meaningfulness in the outcomes. Spirituality seems to moderate the effectiveness of existential therapy. This offers an overview of the current state of knowledge of academically labeled existential therapies for chronic pain treatment. This further provides suggestions for advancing the study of this topic by highlighting both commonalities and inconsistencies in intervention findings.