Lectotypes are designated for four accepted names and six synonyms in the Indo-Malesian genus Agrostistachys Dalzell (Euphorbiaceae) in accordance with the ICN.
{"title":"Lectotypification of four accepted names and six synonyms in the genus Agrostistachys (Euphorbaiceae)","authors":"T. Chakrabarty, G. Krishna","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.8.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.8.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Lectotypes are designated for four accepted names and six synonyms in the Indo-Malesian genus Agrostistachys Dalzell (Euphorbiaceae) in accordance with the ICN.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76565481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaranthaceae, a common family of flowering plants distributed worldwide, also shows its presence in Jharkhand. Jharkhand have some of the species which are wild growing and are considered as weeds. The people of Munda tribe have a rich traditional knowledge of utilizing these weeds as edibles and for medicines. This paper deals with the study and documentation traditional knowledge of Mundas, which resulted in documentation of seven wild growing underutilized Amaranthaceae species. This type of documentation work is very important in the present century where the natural resources and their related knowledge are depleting due to unawareness about their importance and utilities.
{"title":"Studies on underutilized weeds of family Amaranthaceae used as edibles by the Munda tribe of Jharkhand, India.","authors":"Geetanjali Singh, J. Kumar","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.8.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.8.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Amaranthaceae, a common family of flowering plants distributed worldwide, also shows its presence in Jharkhand. Jharkhand have some of the species which are wild growing and are considered as weeds. The people of Munda tribe have a rich traditional knowledge of utilizing these weeds as edibles and for medicines. This paper deals with the study and documentation traditional knowledge of Mundas, which resulted in documentation of seven wild growing underutilized Amaranthaceae species. This type of documentation work is very important in the present century where the natural resources and their related knowledge are depleting due to unawareness about their importance and utilities.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86328234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Propagation of the medicinal plants by usage of different media and PGR’s is laborious, cost-effective and is the possibility of genetic variation. In the present investigation, a novel protocol was first time developed for propagation of Gardenia gummifera Linn.f. This protocol is useful in all aspects viz low cost, time and free from genetic variation. This technology is efficient as compared to normal tissue culture technique which is used for conservation from last of two decades.
{"title":"Regeneration of Gardenia gummifera Linn.f by using cyanobacteria- A novel approach to tissue culture","authors":"F. Mir, Zakir Hussain Khanday, Sumer Singh","doi":"10.21746/APS.2019.8.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2019.8.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Propagation of the medicinal plants by usage of different media and PGR’s is laborious, cost-effective and is the possibility of genetic variation. In the present investigation, a novel protocol was first time developed for propagation of Gardenia gummifera Linn.f. This protocol is useful in all aspects viz low cost, time and free from genetic variation. This technology is efficient as compared to normal tissue culture technique which is used for conservation from last of two decades.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90822426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-06DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.12.4
S. Sahay, J. Kumar
Stomata are pores found in the epidermis of leaf that allow for consequently water loss through transpiration, pores are bound by specialized cells, called guard cells. Abnormalities present in the stomata such as contiguous stomata, twin stomata are of great importance to the global-water cycle and plant’s ability to respond to environmental variation. Elevation of atmospheric carbon di-oxide concentration often results in lower stomatal density. Inspection of the distribution of stomata in leaves growing in environment with different levels of available water gives clues for the role of stomata in plant adaptation. The plant environment is continuously changing, and stomatal apertures are perceived by the guard cells. They adapt to local and global changes on all timescales from minute to millennia.
{"title":"Stomatal responses to environmental variation among Duranta erecta L.","authors":"S. Sahay, J. Kumar","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.12.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.12.4","url":null,"abstract":"Stomata are pores found in the epidermis of leaf that allow for consequently water loss through transpiration, pores are bound by specialized cells, called guard cells. Abnormalities present in the stomata such as contiguous stomata, twin stomata are of great importance to the global-water cycle and plant’s ability to respond to environmental variation. Elevation of atmospheric carbon di-oxide concentration often results in lower stomatal density. Inspection of the distribution of stomata in leaves growing in environment with different levels of available water gives clues for the role of stomata in plant adaptation. The plant environment is continuously changing, and stomatal apertures are perceived by the guard cells. They adapt to local and global changes on all timescales from minute to millennia.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81177302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-03DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.12.3
G. Swarnalatha
Two lichen species namely, Astrothelium interjectum R.C. Harris and Trypethelium xanthoplatystomum Flakus & Aptroot of the family Trypetheliaceae are reported here as new distributional records for India.
{"title":"Two new records of Trypetheliaceae (Lichenized Fungi) from India.","authors":"G. Swarnalatha","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.12.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.12.3","url":null,"abstract":"Two lichen species namely, Astrothelium interjectum R.C. Harris and Trypethelium xanthoplatystomum Flakus & Aptroot of the family Trypetheliaceae are reported here as new distributional records for India.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"357 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77748778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-14DOI: 10.21746/aps.2018.7.12.2
Janani Thangavel
A field experiment was conducted during June-October (2017) at Horticultural Research Station, Kodaikanal to study the response of butter beans for different combinations of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth, yield and quality characters. A randomized block design was followed with 17 combinations of N (30, 40, 50 and 60 kg/ha), P (37.5, 50, 62.5 and 75 kg/ha) and K 50 kg/ha was kept constant. The experimental results revealed that all the fertilizer treatments significantly increased the plant height, number of branches per plant, days to 50 % flowering, number of pods per cluster, 100 seed weight, pod weight, pod yield per hectare, protein content and crude fibre content of butter beans. Maximum plant height (220.33 cm), number of branches per plant (4.79), minimum days to 50 % flowering (50) and 100 seed weight were recorded in the combination of 50 kg N, 37.5 kg P 2 O 5 and 50 kg K 2 O per hectare. Number of pods per cluster (6.78), pod weight (14.00 g) and pod yield per hectare (5.85 t) were maximum in the combination of 60 kg N, 75 kg P 2 O 5 and 50 kg K 2 O per hectare.
本试验于2017年6 - 10月在柯达卡纳尔园艺研究站进行，研究了不同氮磷组合对油豆生长、产量和品质性状的响应。采用随机区组设计，氮(30、40、50和60 kg/ha)、磷(37.5、50、62.5和75 kg/ha)和钾(50 kg/ha)均保持不变。结果表明，各施肥处理显著提高了油豆的株高、单株分枝数、开花至50%的天数、每簇荚果数、百粒重、荚果重、每公顷荚果产量、蛋白质含量和粗纤维含量。在每公顷施用50 kg N、37.5 kg p2o和50 kg k2o的组合下，最高株高(220.33 cm)、单株分枝数(4.79)、开花至50%的最短天数(50)和100粒种子重。每公顷氮肥60 kg、磷肥75 kg和磷肥50 kg配施时，每簇荚果数(6.78)、荚果重(14.00 g)和每公顷荚果产量(5.85 t)最高。
{"title":"Response of butter beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) for different combinations of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth, yield and quality characters","authors":"Janani Thangavel","doi":"10.21746/aps.2018.7.12.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.12.2","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during June-October (2017) at Horticultural Research Station, Kodaikanal to study the response of butter beans for different combinations of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth, yield and quality characters. A randomized block design was followed with 17 combinations of N (30, 40, 50 and 60 kg/ha), P (37.5, 50, 62.5 and 75 kg/ha) and K 50 kg/ha was kept constant. The experimental results revealed that all the fertilizer treatments significantly increased the plant height, number of branches per plant, days to 50 % flowering, number of pods per cluster, 100 seed weight, pod weight, pod yield per hectare, protein content and crude fibre content of butter beans. Maximum plant height (220.33 cm), number of branches per plant (4.79), minimum days to 50 % flowering (50) and 100 seed weight were recorded in the combination of 50 kg N, 37.5 kg P 2 O 5 and 50 kg K 2 O per hectare. Number of pods per cluster (6.78), pod weight (14.00 g) and pod yield per hectare (5.85 t) were maximum in the combination of 60 kg N, 75 kg P 2 O 5 and 50 kg K 2 O per hectare.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"3473-3477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83838833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.21746/aps.2018.7.12.1
M. Bhat
The plant Tecoma stans belongs to family Bignoniaceae Juss. Tecoma stans is a destructive plant invader that outcompetes natural flora and grassland. It can be defined as a modifier species which decreases biodiversity and abolishes natural resources. It has been planted as an ornamental garden and street plant. It has wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological applications. Almost all parts (leaves, root, flower, seed, fruit, and bark) of the plant are reported for its remedial use. Tecoma stans is an herbal remedy used for treatment of diabetes, digestive problems, control of yeast infections, as powerful diuretic, vermifuge, anti-syphilitic, stomach pains and tonic. Preliminary phytochemical screening and isolation of this plant revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols, anthraquinones, glycosides, alkaloids, quinones and traces of saponins and amino acids. This review article supports all updated data on its phytochemical and pharmacological actions and its traditional uses.
{"title":"Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth.: Exotic in nature but a significant remedial plant","authors":"M. Bhat","doi":"10.21746/aps.2018.7.12.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.12.1","url":null,"abstract":"The plant Tecoma stans belongs to family Bignoniaceae Juss. Tecoma stans is a destructive plant invader that outcompetes natural flora and grassland. It can be defined as a modifier species which decreases biodiversity and abolishes natural resources. It has been planted as an ornamental garden and street plant. It has wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological applications. Almost all parts (leaves, root, flower, seed, fruit, and bark) of the plant are reported for its remedial use. Tecoma stans is an herbal remedy used for treatment of diabetes, digestive problems, control of yeast infections, as powerful diuretic, vermifuge, anti-syphilitic, stomach pains and tonic. Preliminary phytochemical screening and isolation of this plant revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols, anthraquinones, glycosides, alkaloids, quinones and traces of saponins and amino acids. This review article supports all updated data on its phytochemical and pharmacological actions and its traditional uses.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3468-3472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86306569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.3
Mostafa Qahtan Mosataf, S. Salih, T. Alkhazraji
The effectiveness of Erodium moschatum extracts (ethanol and methanol, water) were tested against pathogenic bacteria (two gram positive: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus lactis and two gram negative: Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis) and four pathogenic fungi (Microsprum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Pencillium chrysogenum and Fusarium oxysporeum). Tannins, flavonoid and glycoside contents were studied by using HPLC technique and their antimicrobial activities were examined. The results showed the extracts efficacy on the tested microbes in which the ethanol with 11.11mm methanol with 11.22mm diameter were the most effective against the studied bacteria compared with the rest of the studied extracts, either in the fungi it was found that the studied extracts did not have significant differences in their effectiveness against the tested fungi, the results seemed that there are a difference in the concentration of studied active compounds according to the environment (geographical locations) and the difference in the plant parts, rutin showed the highest concentration in the entire plant (Sulaymaniyah) at concentration 22.92ppm compared to the rest of the compounds and Saladin locality and the studied plant part.
{"title":"Impact of Erodium moschatum (L.) L.'Hér. extracts against some bacteria and fungi species","authors":"Mostafa Qahtan Mosataf, S. Salih, T. Alkhazraji","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.3","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of Erodium moschatum extracts (ethanol and methanol, water) were tested against pathogenic bacteria (two gram positive: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus lactis and two gram negative: Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis) and four pathogenic fungi (Microsprum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Pencillium chrysogenum and Fusarium oxysporeum). Tannins, flavonoid and glycoside contents were studied by using HPLC technique and their antimicrobial activities were examined. The results showed the extracts efficacy on the tested microbes in which the ethanol with 11.11mm methanol with 11.22mm diameter were the most effective against the studied bacteria compared with the rest of the studied extracts, either in the fungi it was found that the studied extracts did not have significant differences in their effectiveness against the tested fungi, the results seemed that there are a difference in the concentration of studied active compounds according to the environment (geographical locations) and the difference in the plant parts, rutin showed the highest concentration in the entire plant (Sulaymaniyah) at concentration 22.92ppm compared to the rest of the compounds and Saladin locality and the studied plant part.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81889033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.1
Amalaurpava Mary Michael, Vijay Gopal Gumma
Pollen Morphology is an important tool in the identification of a genera. Data on pollen morphology is used as a reference in other fields of palynology like allergic studies, melissopalynology, tracing the history of vegetation, genetic and evolutionary studies, climate change studies etc. Pollen morphology of two genera of Ehretiaceae family is studied using Scanning electron microscope. Palynological contributions are still fragmentary in the family Ehretiaceae of southern India. Ehretia pubescens Benth is a small tree belonging to Ehretiaceae family located at the foothill of Chamundi hill reserve forest which is a part of Western ghat near Mysuru and Cormona retusa (Vahl) Masam is a shrub found 3400ft above on top of Chamundi Hill. Pollen grains were acetolyzed and Scanning Electron Microscopic studies conducted to obtain data on pollen morphology. The study is conducted to assess the taxonomic significance of pollen morphology in relation to their phylogenetic origin of the two genera of Ehretiaceae in the region. The palynological evidence shows Ehretia pubescens with tri-zonocolporate and heterocolpate pollen grains and Cormona retusa with tricolpate pollen grain without the pseudocolpi. Both genera have foveolate tectum. Palynological data indicate that these two naturalized taxa ie. Ehretia pubescens and Cormona retusa belong to two different lineage of Ehretia and can be identified by their pollen morphology. Diversity in the pollen characters points towards the eurypalynous nature in Ehretiaceae.
{"title":"Pollen morphology of selected taxa of Ehretiaceae from Western Ghats, India.","authors":"Amalaurpava Mary Michael, Vijay Gopal Gumma","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.1","url":null,"abstract":"Pollen Morphology is an important tool in the identification of a genera. Data on pollen morphology is used as a reference in other fields of palynology like allergic studies, melissopalynology, tracing the history of vegetation, genetic and evolutionary studies, climate change studies etc. Pollen morphology of two genera of Ehretiaceae family is studied using Scanning electron microscope. Palynological contributions are still fragmentary in the family Ehretiaceae of southern India. Ehretia pubescens Benth is a small tree belonging to Ehretiaceae family located at the foothill of Chamundi hill reserve forest which is a part of Western ghat near Mysuru and Cormona retusa (Vahl) Masam is a shrub found 3400ft above on top of Chamundi Hill. Pollen grains were acetolyzed and Scanning Electron Microscopic studies conducted to obtain data on pollen morphology. The study is conducted to assess the taxonomic significance of pollen morphology in relation to their phylogenetic origin of the two genera of Ehretiaceae in the region. The palynological evidence shows Ehretia pubescens with tri-zonocolporate and heterocolpate pollen grains and Cormona retusa with tricolpate pollen grain without the pseudocolpi. Both genera have foveolate tectum. Palynological data indicate that these two naturalized taxa ie. Ehretia pubescens and Cormona retusa belong to two different lineage of Ehretia and can be identified by their pollen morphology. Diversity in the pollen characters points towards the eurypalynous nature in Ehretiaceae.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90236490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.2
D. N. Babu, P. Nagadesi, N. Suneetha, N. Kumar
Jack fruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is most widely cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, india. It has high nutritional values, medicinal values, rich phytochemical compositions, minerals etc. Such crop plants are infected by soft rot causing fungi by Rhizopus artocarpi (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn, in Andhra pradesh, India. The flowers and fruits are severally damaged by soft rot fungi. So this soft rot fungus was isolated from fruits and identified as R. artocarpi (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn. The soft rot fungus is grown on PDA medium and cultural characters are studied. The antifungal test is done by using fungal extracts from Phelinus noxius and Ganoderma lucidum and leaf extract Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. In early stage of infection, Rhizopus spores deposit on moist fruit surface, get germinates and mycelia grow into the tissues of fruit. The infection produces a layer of black spores on the fruit surface. The fruit becomes soft, watery and brown spots develop on the fruit. In culture on PDA medium it is heavily growing and spreading. It produces sporangia with spores, and then it becomes brownish black with maturity of fungal colony. For biocontrol of soft rot fungi, 20% methanolic extract is more effective than 5, 10, and 15% concentrations. The methanolic extract showed 100% inhibition of both soft rot fungi when compared to water extract. For the first time fungal extracts were used to control the soft rot fungus causing disease in Jackfruits.
{"title":"Soft rot of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by Rhizopus artocarpi (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn, in Andhra Pradesh, India.","authors":"D. N. Babu, P. Nagadesi, N. Suneetha, N. Kumar","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.2","url":null,"abstract":"Jack fruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is most widely cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, india. It has high nutritional values, medicinal values, rich phytochemical compositions, minerals etc. Such crop plants are infected by soft rot causing fungi by Rhizopus artocarpi (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn, in Andhra pradesh, India. The flowers and fruits are severally damaged by soft rot fungi. So this soft rot fungus was isolated from fruits and identified as R. artocarpi (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn. The soft rot fungus is grown on PDA medium and cultural characters are studied. The antifungal test is done by using fungal extracts from Phelinus noxius and Ganoderma lucidum and leaf extract Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. In early stage of infection, Rhizopus spores deposit on moist fruit surface, get germinates and mycelia grow into the tissues of fruit. The infection produces a layer of black spores on the fruit surface. The fruit becomes soft, watery and brown spots develop on the fruit. In culture on PDA medium it is heavily growing and spreading. It produces sporangia with spores, and then it becomes brownish black with maturity of fungal colony. For biocontrol of soft rot fungi, 20% methanolic extract is more effective than 5, 10, and 15% concentrations. The methanolic extract showed 100% inhibition of both soft rot fungi when compared to water extract. For the first time fungal extracts were used to control the soft rot fungus causing disease in Jackfruits.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77127397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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