Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.4
Bushra Khan, Ramya Sindhyan, Anushi Divan, S. Rathod
Artificial dyes, widely used in everyday items, come with side effects not known to the common man. They are toxic, harmful & mostly carcinogenic. There has been a worldwide increase in the demand of natural dyes due to its therapeutic properties & no known side effects. The current research aimed at extracting dyes of different colors from natural plant sources, carrying out its characteristic analysis & its applications. The dyes were tested for their anti-microbial ability and were found to be inhibitory to common organisms like S. typhi, C. diphtheriae, S. aureus, etc. Phytochemical tests were performed and they confirmed presence of several important metabolites like Phenols, Tannins, Terpenoids, and many more. The dyes were tested for anti-oxidant activity using the FRAP assay and antioxidant levels ranging from 0.62 to 2.00 were obtained. Preparations of cosmetics like lip balms, was carried out, and dyes were also tested as natural food coloring agents. The results indicated that the dyes caused inhibition of wide range of bacteria and proved to be good sources of anti-oxidants. They departed a natural color to food items and hence can replace artificial food colorings. Thus the use of natural dyes should be promoted, as they are cheap, biodegradable and feasible.
{"title":"Extraction, characterization & applications of natural dyes","authors":"Bushra Khan, Ramya Sindhyan, Anushi Divan, S. Rathod","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.11.4","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial dyes, widely used in everyday items, come with side effects not known to the common man. They are toxic, harmful & mostly carcinogenic. There has been a worldwide increase in the demand of natural dyes due to its therapeutic properties & no known side effects. The current research aimed at extracting dyes of different colors from natural plant sources, carrying out its characteristic analysis & its applications. The dyes were tested for their anti-microbial ability and were found to be inhibitory to common organisms like S. typhi, C. diphtheriae, S. aureus, etc. Phytochemical tests were performed and they confirmed presence of several important metabolites like Phenols, Tannins, Terpenoids, and many more. The dyes were tested for anti-oxidant activity using the FRAP assay and antioxidant levels ranging from 0.62 to 2.00 were obtained. Preparations of cosmetics like lip balms, was carried out, and dyes were also tested as natural food coloring agents. The results indicated that the dyes caused inhibition of wide range of bacteria and proved to be good sources of anti-oxidants. They departed a natural color to food items and hence can replace artificial food colorings. Thus the use of natural dyes should be promoted, as they are cheap, biodegradable and feasible.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73549351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-31DOI: 10.21746/APS.2017.01.000
Sumit Kumar Singh, S. Sarsaiya
Ocimum basilicum leaves were evaluated for their phytochemical as well as anti bacterial properities. Two different solventsc chloroform and water was used. Disc diffusion method was adopted for evaluation of antimicrobial activity of medicinal leaves. The result shows that sweet basil leaves are having good antibacterial activity and thus showing minimum inhibitory concentration zone of 22 mm against chloroform extract and 16 mm against aqueous extract.
{"title":"Studies on the efficacy and therapeutic potential of sweet basil against E.coli","authors":"Sumit Kumar Singh, S. Sarsaiya","doi":"10.21746/APS.2017.01.000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2017.01.000","url":null,"abstract":"Ocimum basilicum leaves were evaluated for their phytochemical as well as anti bacterial properities. Two different solventsc chloroform and water was used. Disc diffusion method was adopted for evaluation of antimicrobial activity of medicinal leaves. The result shows that sweet basil leaves are having good antibacterial activity and thus showing minimum inhibitory concentration zone of 22 mm against chloroform extract and 16 mm against aqueous extract.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85467400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-06DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.10.1
Anusha Sreeshan, S. Meera, A. Augustine
Mangroves are salt tolerant plants inhabiting saline environment. Multiple factors contribute to their salt tolerance and we need multifaceted approach to reveal the mechanisms of salt tolerance in the plant. In the present study, leaves of the mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata grown in the presence and absence of salt were used, free amino acids and the expression of selected genes were analyzed. Chromatographic technique showed the accumulation of free amino acids like proline, glycine, aspartic acid, valine, leucine and glutamic acid in the presence of salt. RNA was isolated from the leaf sample and cDNA was synthesized. Gene specific primers were designed and standardized. Among the genes studied (P5CS, BADH, NHX1), Betaine Aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) gene was found to be expressed.
{"title":"Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (BADH) gene and free amino acid analysis in Rhizophora mucronata Lam. from Thalassery region of Kerala, India.","authors":"Anusha Sreeshan, S. Meera, A. Augustine","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.10.1","url":null,"abstract":"Mangroves are salt tolerant plants inhabiting saline environment. Multiple factors contribute to their salt tolerance and we need multifaceted approach to reveal the mechanisms of salt tolerance in the plant. In the present study, leaves of the mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata grown in the presence and absence of salt were used, free amino acids and the expression of selected genes were analyzed. Chromatographic technique showed the accumulation of free amino acids like proline, glycine, aspartic acid, valine, leucine and glutamic acid in the presence of salt. RNA was isolated from the leaf sample and cDNA was synthesized. Gene specific primers were designed and standardized. Among the genes studied (P5CS, BADH, NHX1), Betaine Aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) gene was found to be expressed.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82802250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-06DOI: 10.21746/APS.2017.02.009
Madhuri Tulugu, B. Sitalaxmi, B. Sujatha, F. Sultana
Tulsi is one of the most popular plant in history of India. Present investigation is to compare the phytochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant parameters of organic solvent extracts of hexane, chloroform and methanol. Qualitative phytochemical tests were used to detect the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and phenols, while two quantitative methods; Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and diphenyl -1, 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) were used to determine the antioxidant potential. The antimicrobial activity was determined by Agar well diffusion method and was screened against seven micro organisms. The highest antioxidant activities were observed in the methanol extracts of each plant, while the hexane extract showed the least activity irrespective of the method used. The presence of active phytochemical substances with antioxidant activities may provide substantial basis for the use of these plants in ethnomedicine.
{"title":"Comparative studies of phytochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant studies between two Lamiaceae species of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. and Ocimum sanctum L. from the regions of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.","authors":"Madhuri Tulugu, B. Sitalaxmi, B. Sujatha, F. Sultana","doi":"10.21746/APS.2017.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2017.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"Tulsi is one of the most popular plant in history of India. Present investigation is to compare the phytochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant parameters of organic solvent extracts of hexane, chloroform and methanol. Qualitative phytochemical tests were used to detect the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and phenols, while two quantitative methods; Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and diphenyl -1, 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) were used to determine the antioxidant potential. The antimicrobial activity was determined by Agar well diffusion method and was screened against seven micro organisms. The highest antioxidant activities were observed in the methanol extracts of each plant, while the hexane extract showed the least activity irrespective of the method used. The presence of active phytochemical substances with antioxidant activities may provide substantial basis for the use of these plants in ethnomedicine.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"1557-1562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84026492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-06DOI: 10.21746/APS.2018.7.10.2
R. Chowdhury, Anurag Chowdhury, M. Chowdhury
Trichosanthes is one of the most economically important genera of the family Cucurbitaceae. Studies on trichome micro-morphology and stomata were investigated for six species of Trichosanthes. All species has been recorded from the Terai and Duars of West Bengal. Range of variability in Trichosanthes species are quite variable, trichomes types including uni-multiseriate, macro-microform, conical, candelabra, capitated, glandular and non- glandular. Stomatal character shows variability (Paracytic, Actinocytic, Anomocytic and Diacytic). Trichomes and stomatal characters are utilised for phenetic studies which found to be important taxonomic tools to solve any disputes at least at or below species level.
{"title":"Foliar micromorphological character studies on Trichosanthes L. (Cucurbitaceae) from Terai & Duars, West Bengal, India.","authors":"R. Chowdhury, Anurag Chowdhury, M. Chowdhury","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.10.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.10.2","url":null,"abstract":"Trichosanthes is one of the most economically important genera of the family Cucurbitaceae. Studies on trichome micro-morphology and stomata were investigated for six species of Trichosanthes. All species has been recorded from the Terai and Duars of West Bengal. Range of variability in Trichosanthes species are quite variable, trichomes types including uni-multiseriate, macro-microform, conical, candelabra, capitated, glandular and non- glandular. Stomatal character shows variability (Paracytic, Actinocytic, Anomocytic and Diacytic). Trichomes and stomatal characters are utilised for phenetic studies which found to be important taxonomic tools to solve any disputes at least at or below species level. ","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88242446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-07DOI: 10.21746/APS.2017.05.005
Sunanda Soni, R. Singh
A comparative salt (Viz., Sodium Sulphate, Sodium Chloride, Magnesium Sulphate) tolerance tests conducted in relation to usar (=Alkaline Soil) and fertile soil Aspergilli , revealed that over all, usar isolates showed more growth and tolerance on increased salt concentrations than their fertile counterparts. Among the three salts put to test, sodium chloride has shown pronounced toxic or inhibitory effect on Aspergilli at higher concentrations. The maximum tolerance has been exhibited by Aspergillus fumigatus as it grew up to twenty four percent concentration, however none of the other Aspergilli including both usar and fertile type showed such type of sustainability. Of the salts tested, Magnesium sulphate seemed to be the salt of more utility to both types of isolates as exhibited by their growth at different concentration levels and further all the Aspergilli tested showed more physical growth at different concentrations of this salt in comparison to other two salts tested. Salinity also affected the sporulation of different Aspergilli . Visual observations of culture of different Aspergilli revealed that usar islotaes comparatively showed more tolerance even in sporulation. Usar isolates showed the alkaliphilic nature by showing more salt tolerance and can be recognized as Haloalkaliphiles as they have attained ecological specialization to quite an extent.
{"title":"Studies on the effect of salinity on some aspergilli of usar and fertile soil to assess possible ecological specialization","authors":"Sunanda Soni, R. Singh","doi":"10.21746/APS.2017.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2017.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative salt (Viz., Sodium Sulphate, Sodium Chloride, Magnesium Sulphate) tolerance tests conducted in relation to usar (=Alkaline Soil) and fertile soil Aspergilli , revealed that over all, usar isolates showed more growth and tolerance on increased salt concentrations than their fertile counterparts. Among the three salts put to test, sodium chloride has shown pronounced toxic or inhibitory effect on Aspergilli at higher concentrations. The maximum tolerance has been exhibited by Aspergillus fumigatus as it grew up to twenty four percent concentration, however none of the other Aspergilli including both usar and fertile type showed such type of sustainability. Of the salts tested, Magnesium sulphate seemed to be the salt of more utility to both types of isolates as exhibited by their growth at different concentration levels and further all the Aspergilli tested showed more physical growth at different concentrations of this salt in comparison to other two salts tested. Salinity also affected the sporulation of different Aspergilli . Visual observations of culture of different Aspergilli revealed that usar islotaes comparatively showed more tolerance even in sporulation. Usar isolates showed the alkaliphilic nature by showing more salt tolerance and can be recognized as Haloalkaliphiles as they have attained ecological specialization to quite an extent.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"1612-1614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84140207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-07DOI: 10.21746/aps.2017.6.12.19
B. Tota, Y. DurgaPrasadV.K
Catechin is a polyphenol antioxidant plant metabolite which extracted from A. catechu, a hot water extract of red heartwood of Acacia catechu Willd. It is evident from the literature survey that the catechin is a biologically important polyphenolic compound. Aging is a complex biological phenomenon, an inevitable process. Numerous studies have reported that continuous exposure to reactive oxygen species can stimulate skin aging and that excessive accumulation of fat can cause an impaired skin barrier and tissue structure alterations. Thus, the maintenance of antioxidant homeostasis and the suppression of adipose accumulation are important strategies for skin anti-aging. In our study, a fairly simple, but a unique process had developed the highly purified actives, Catechin , and to prove the synergistic applications of highly purified catechin with other novel anti-oxidants notably Ascorbic acid. In vitro studies performed with these compounds exhibited in anti-elastase assay.
{"title":"Isolation and optimization of catechins from Acacia catechu and its antioxidant and anti-ageing properties in vitro","authors":"B. Tota, Y. DurgaPrasadV.K","doi":"10.21746/aps.2017.6.12.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/aps.2017.6.12.19","url":null,"abstract":"Catechin is a polyphenol antioxidant plant metabolite which extracted from A. catechu, a hot water extract of red heartwood of Acacia catechu Willd. It is evident from the literature survey that the catechin is a biologically important polyphenolic compound. Aging is a complex biological phenomenon, an inevitable process. Numerous studies have reported that continuous exposure to reactive oxygen species can stimulate skin aging and that excessive accumulation of fat can cause an impaired skin barrier and tissue structure alterations. Thus, the maintenance of antioxidant homeostasis and the suppression of adipose accumulation are important strategies for skin anti-aging. In our study, a fairly simple, but a unique process had developed the highly purified actives, Catechin , and to prove the synergistic applications of highly purified catechin with other novel anti-oxidants notably Ascorbic acid. In vitro studies performed with these compounds exhibited in anti-elastase assay.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"1922-1925"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73033144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was aimed at determining the plant species richness of the Akshara Vidyalaya (AV) campus, Nellore District. For this, the species richness data was obtained by intensive surveys in the campus from 2015–2017. We recorded 247 species in 194 genera belonging to 69 families composed of 52 trees, 55 shrubs and 140 herbs, two species are parasites. Poaceae (20 genera 24 species), Fabaceae (15 genera 21 species) are the two species richness families and an inventory checklist of all the species recorded is provided. This study reveals that AV campus is diverse and rich in ornamental/alien flora.
{"title":"Checklist of Akshara vidyalaya campus flora, Venkatachalam, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.","authors":"M. K., Kumudavalli M.V., M. K.","doi":"10.21746/aps.2018.7.9.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.9.4","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed at determining the plant species richness of the Akshara Vidyalaya (AV) campus, Nellore District. For this, the species richness data was obtained by intensive surveys in the campus from 2015–2017. We recorded 247 species in 194 genera belonging to 69 families composed of 52 trees, 55 shrubs and 140 herbs, two species are parasites. Poaceae (20 genera 24 species), Fabaceae (15 genera 21 species) are the two species richness families and an inventory checklist of all the species recorded is provided. This study reveals that AV campus is diverse and rich in ornamental/alien flora.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76320020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cymbidium macrorhizon Lindl. is reported first time for Odisha from Koira forest of Bonai Forest Division. The correct botanical nomenclature, brief taxonomic description, with photo plate of the taxon is provided for easy identification.
{"title":"Cymbidium macrorhizon (Orchidaceae): A new record for the Flora of Odisha, India.","authors":"K. Mandal, S. S. Khora, T. Kar","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.9.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.9.2","url":null,"abstract":"Cymbidium macrorhizon Lindl. is reported first time for Odisha from Koira forest of Bonai Forest Division. The correct botanical nomenclature, brief taxonomic description, with photo plate of the taxon is provided for easy identification.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86791849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solanaceae belongs to that group of families, which are included in almost all angiosperm classifications indicating naturalness of the family. The family being one of the most evolutionarily successful and advanced taxa shows astonishing level of diversity reflected in the form of various types of adaptations. The high level of diversity within the family in addition to other unusual features have reflected in poor understanding of its phylogenetics. Fossil record of angiosperms particularly of Solanaceae) is very meager and relatively recent, so use of morphology and other conventional characters is not convincing in revealing true phylogeny of the family. This all has necessitated using alternative marker types in phylogenetic analysis of the family. Since advent of molecular biology molecular markers have been constantly refined to serve the purpose. Solanaceous species, such as tomato, potato, chilli pepper, tobacco, and petunia serve as model systems for the investigation of molecular and agronomic questions, and the family is the subject of intensive phylogenetic studies that are providing new insights into species boundaries and generic relationships. Results from recent morphological, molecular, and biosystematic research have shed new light on the systematic relationships in the family at virtually all taxonomic levels from subfamily to variety.
{"title":"Family Solanaceae: Taxonomy and modern trends","authors":"M. M. Ganaie, Z. Reshi, V. Verma, V. Raja","doi":"10.21746/APS.2018.7.9.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/APS.2018.7.9.1","url":null,"abstract":"Solanaceae belongs to that group of families, which are included in almost all angiosperm classifications indicating naturalness of the family. The family being one of the most evolutionarily successful and advanced taxa shows astonishing level of diversity reflected in the form of various types of adaptations. The high level of diversity within the family in addition to other unusual features have reflected in poor understanding of its phylogenetics. Fossil record of angiosperms particularly of Solanaceae) is very meager and relatively recent, so use of morphology and other conventional characters is not convincing in revealing true phylogeny of the family. This all has necessitated using alternative marker types in phylogenetic analysis of the family. Since advent of molecular biology molecular markers have been constantly refined to serve the purpose. Solanaceous species, such as tomato, potato, chilli pepper, tobacco, and petunia serve as model systems for the investigation of molecular and agronomic questions, and the family is the subject of intensive phylogenetic studies that are providing new insights into species boundaries and generic relationships. Results from recent morphological, molecular, and biosystematic research have shed new light on the systematic relationships in the family at virtually all taxonomic levels from subfamily to variety.","PeriodicalId":8135,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88607945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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