Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103365
Mark Mohan Kaggwa , Joan Abaatyo , Tolulope Oladimeji , Precious Agboinghale , John MW Bradford , Gary Andrew Chaimowitz , Andrew Toyin Olagunju
Background
Clozapine augmentation with antipsychotics (CAA) is commonly used to treat complex cases in forensic psychiatric settings. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and determinants of CAA among individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders within the Ontario forensic system.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 262 patients in forensic psychiatric settings who were prescribed clozapine during the 2014/15 reporting year. The mean age of the patients was 41 years (SD = 11.8), and 227 of them (86.6%) were male. For comparative analysis, the patients were categorized into two groups: clozapine monotherapy and CAA. Logistic regression analysis was then applied to evaluate factors associated with CAA.
Results
Nearly half (48.5%) of forensic psychiatric patients on clozapine received antipsychotic augmentation. CAA was more prevalent among patients with violent offenses (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–18.27, p = 0.047), and absconsion incidents (aOR 2.55 95% CI: 1.16–5.58, p = 0.019). Patients with a good treatment response (aOR of 0.25, 95% CI: 0.11–0.54, p <0.001) and a history of self-harm were less likely to be prescribed CAA (aOR of 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12–0.85, p = 0.022).
Conclusion
Patients with severe symptoms and significant risk profiles were more likely to receive CAA. Capacity development and further research are needed to support an effective and safe clozapine therapy strategy.
{"title":"Clozapine Augmentation with Antipsychotics among Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in the Ontario Forensic Psychiatry System","authors":"Mark Mohan Kaggwa , Joan Abaatyo , Tolulope Oladimeji , Precious Agboinghale , John MW Bradford , Gary Andrew Chaimowitz , Andrew Toyin Olagunju","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Clozapine augmentation with antipsychotics (CAA) is commonly used to treat complex cases in forensic psychiatric settings. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and determinants of CAA among individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders within the Ontario forensic system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 262 patients in forensic psychiatric settings who were prescribed clozapine during the 2014/15 reporting year. The mean age of the patients was 41 years (SD = 11.8), and 227 of them (86.6%) were male. For comparative analysis, the patients were categorized into two groups: clozapine monotherapy and CAA. Logistic regression analysis was then applied to evaluate factors associated with CAA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nearly half (48.5%) of forensic psychiatric patients on clozapine received antipsychotic augmentation. CAA was more prevalent among patients with violent offenses (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–18.27, <em>p</em> = 0.047), and absconsion incidents (aOR 2.55 95% CI: 1.16–5.58, <em>p</em> = 0.019). Patients with a good treatment response (aOR of 0.25, 95% CI: 0.11–0.54, <em>p</em> <0.001) and a history of self-harm were less likely to be prescribed CAA (aOR of 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12–0.85, <em>p</em> = 0.022).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with severe symptoms and significant risk profiles were more likely to receive CAA. Capacity development and further research are needed to support an effective and safe clozapine therapy strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103367
José Iván Castillo Bejarano , Érika Aidé Larragoity González , Susana Patricia Cantú González , Abiel Homero Mascareñas de los Santos , Rodrigo García Pérez , Sara Paulina Rosales-González , Diego Armando Alvarado Lara , María Fernanda Cid Ramírez , Alfredo Castillo Mariscal , Denisse Natalie Vaquera Aparicio
Background
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a vector-borne disease with nonspecific symptoms, including fever, headache, myalgia, and exanthema, which complicates timely diagnosis and treatment. Despite its significant morbidity and mortality, epidemiological data and risk factor analyses remain scarce in Mexico.
Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2018–2024 in three hospitals in northeastern Mexico. We analyzed 90 pediatric patients with confirmed rickettsiosis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were evaluated to identify independent risk factors associated with disease severity and outcomes. Statistical analyses included logistic regression, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Pearson χ2 tests (p ≤0.05).
Results
School-aged children comprised 46.6% of cases, with a predominance of females (54.4%). Key epidemiological exposures included tick bites (17.8%) and pet cohabitation (54.5%). Delayed doxycycline treatment (>5 d after symptom onset) was associated with increased mortality. Significant predictors of poor outcomes were neurological impairment (OR: 3.7, CI: 1.9–7.3), shock upon admission (OR: 4.5, CI: 2.2–9.1), and thrombocytopenia (p < 0.001). The overall mortality rate was 36.7%.
Conclusions
Our findings underscore the significant clinical impact of rickettsioses in northeastern Mexico and the need to improve diagnostic capabilities, raising public awareness, and implementing effective vector control programs. Early recognition and timely doxycycline treatment are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Strengthening public health strategies through preventive measures and clinician education could reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with these infections.
{"title":"Epidemiologic Characterization and Risk Factors of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in Children in Northeastern Mexico: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study (2018–2024)","authors":"José Iván Castillo Bejarano , Érika Aidé Larragoity González , Susana Patricia Cantú González , Abiel Homero Mascareñas de los Santos , Rodrigo García Pérez , Sara Paulina Rosales-González , Diego Armando Alvarado Lara , María Fernanda Cid Ramírez , Alfredo Castillo Mariscal , Denisse Natalie Vaquera Aparicio","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a vector-borne disease with nonspecific symptoms, including fever, headache, myalgia, and exanthema, which complicates timely diagnosis and treatment. Despite its significant morbidity and mortality, epidemiological data and risk factor analyses remain scarce in Mexico.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2018–2024 in three hospitals in northeastern Mexico. We analyzed 90 pediatric patients with confirmed rickettsiosis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were evaluated to identify independent risk factors associated with disease severity and outcomes. Statistical analyses included logistic regression, Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> tests, and Pearson χ<sup>2</sup> tests (<em>p</em> ≤0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>School-aged children comprised 46.6% of cases, with a predominance of females (54.4%). Key epidemiological exposures included tick bites (17.8%) and pet cohabitation (54.5%). Delayed doxycycline treatment (>5 d after symptom onset) was associated with increased mortality. Significant predictors of poor outcomes were neurological impairment (OR: 3.7, CI: 1.9–7.3), shock upon admission (OR: 4.5, CI: 2.2–9.1), and thrombocytopenia (<em>p</em> < 0.001). The overall mortality rate was 36.7%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings underscore the significant clinical impact of rickettsioses in northeastern Mexico and the need to improve diagnostic capabilities, raising public awareness, and implementing effective vector control programs. Early recognition and timely doxycycline treatment are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Strengthening public health strategies through preventive measures and clinician education could reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with these infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 2","pages":"Article 103367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103363
Alireza Khabbazi , Amir Jamshidi , Nasrin Moghimi , Kamal Esalatmanesh , Zahra Mirfeizi , Mehrzad Hajialilo , Mehdi Jafarpour , Omid Rahbar Farzam , Maryam Saberivand , Aida Malek Mahdavi
Aim
This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and its influencing factors in real-world practice.
Methods
In the current multicenter study, 321 patients with PsA aged >18 years, being followed-up for at least six months, and visited at least three times per year, were collected from four referral rheumatology centers. Disease outcomes were evaluated with rate of minimal disease activity (MDA), sustained remission, medication-free remission, and occurrence of clinically damaged joints from the time of diagnosis to the last visit.
Results
Mean age at diagnosis was 41.7 years and median follow-up duration was 36 months. MDA and sustained remission occurred at least once in 228 and 74 patients. Medication-free remission occurred in 34 (10.7%) patients. At least one clinically damaged joint was present in 99 (30.8%) patients at the last visit. Current smoking and psoriasis phenotype of skin psoriasis were predictors of sustained remission. Having no flare after sustained remission and PsA before or concurrently with psoriasis were predictors of medication-free remission. Age at cohort entry over 40, starting PsA after psoriasis, and going to sustained remission over six months of treatment were predictors of having clinically damaged joints.
Conclusion
A significant proportion of patients with PsA achieved sustained remission in daily practice; however, medication-free remission remained unachievable.
{"title":"Long-term Outcomes of Psoriatic Arthritis in Daily Practice: Results from a Real World Cohort","authors":"Alireza Khabbazi , Amir Jamshidi , Nasrin Moghimi , Kamal Esalatmanesh , Zahra Mirfeizi , Mehrzad Hajialilo , Mehdi Jafarpour , Omid Rahbar Farzam , Maryam Saberivand , Aida Malek Mahdavi","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and its influencing factors in real-world practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the current multicenter study, 321 patients with PsA aged >18 years, being followed-up for at least six months, and visited at least three times per year, were collected from four referral rheumatology centers. Disease outcomes were evaluated with rate of minimal disease activity (MDA), sustained remission, medication-free remission, and occurrence of clinically damaged joints from the time of diagnosis to the last visit.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean age at diagnosis was 41.7 years and median follow-up duration was 36 months. MDA and sustained remission occurred at least once in 228 and 74 patients. Medication-free remission occurred in 34 (10.7%) patients. At least one clinically damaged joint was present in 99 (30.8%) patients at the last visit. Current smoking and psoriasis phenotype of skin psoriasis were predictors of sustained remission. Having no flare after sustained remission and PsA before or concurrently with psoriasis were predictors of medication-free remission. Age at cohort entry over 40, starting PsA after psoriasis, and going to sustained remission over six months of treatment were predictors of having clinically damaged joints.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A significant proportion of patients with PsA achieved sustained remission in daily practice; however, medication-free remission remained unachievable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S0188-4409(25)00189-4
{"title":"Reviewers list","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0188-4409(25)00189-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0188-4409(25)00189-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"Article 103371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103360
Carlos Pinho , Beatriz Soares , Beatriz Costa , Diogo Teixeira , Maria J. Salazar , Fani L. Neto , Henrique Almeida , António Costa-Ferreira , Adriana R. Rodrigues , Alexandra M. Gouveia
Background
Mastectomy followed by breast reconstruction is the standard treatment for breast cancer. Choosing autologous tissue requires an in-depth understanding of the molecular and structural characteristics of the different adipose tissue depots.
Method
White adipose tissue (WAT) from five different locations (above and below the abdominal Scarpa’s fascia, thighs, breast skin envelope, and omentum) was collected from 24 patients undergoing breast reconstruction and grouped based on immediate (IBR) or delayed (DBR) reconstruction. The adipocyte area was analyzed in histologically processed WAT sections. Transcription and protein expression profiles, related to inflammation, fibrosis, browning, and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) content were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting.
Results
Compared to IBR, omental WAT from DBR patients exhibits larger adipocytes, and higher expression of TIMP1, FN1, CD206, and CD45, as well as lower levels of CIDEA. Breast fat also differs between the two groups, with lower levels of IL6 and CIDEA, and overexpression of FN1 in the DBR group. Within the IBR group, breast fat shows higher levels of IL6, TIMP1 and CIDEA, but lower expression of FN1 and COL3A1 than subcutaneous WAT.
Conclusion
Omental fat in the IBR cohort has properties similar to those of subcutaneous WAT, indicating that the omentum is a promising candidate for rapid breast restoration. In the DBR group, the omentum molecular signature suggests a change towards a pro-fibrotic phenotype and a reduced remodeling capacity, suggesting that it should not be the primary choice for breast reconstruction. This study emphasizes the importance of careful WAT selection to minimize adverse outcomes, including cancer recurrence, and underscores the diverse physiology of fat depots.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Adipose Tissue Depots in Immediate versus Delayed Breast Reconstruction","authors":"Carlos Pinho , Beatriz Soares , Beatriz Costa , Diogo Teixeira , Maria J. Salazar , Fani L. Neto , Henrique Almeida , António Costa-Ferreira , Adriana R. Rodrigues , Alexandra M. Gouveia","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mastectomy followed by breast reconstruction is the standard treatment for breast cancer. Choosing autologous tissue requires an in-depth understanding of the molecular and structural characteristics of the different adipose tissue depots.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>White adipose tissue (WAT) from five different locations (above and below the abdominal Scarpa’s fascia, thighs, breast skin envelope, and omentum) was collected from 24 patients undergoing breast reconstruction and grouped based on immediate (IBR) or delayed (DBR) reconstruction. The adipocyte area was analyzed in histologically processed WAT sections. Transcription and protein expression profiles, related to inflammation, fibrosis, browning, and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) content were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to IBR, omental WAT from DBR patients exhibits larger adipocytes, and higher expression of <em>TIMP1, FN1, CD206</em>, and <em>CD45</em>, as well as lower levels of <em>CIDEA</em>. Breast fat also differs between the two groups, with lower levels of <em>IL6</em> and <em>CIDEA,</em> and overexpression of <em>FN1</em> in the DBR group. Within the IBR group, breast fat shows higher levels of <em>IL6, TIMP1</em> and <em>CIDEA</em>, but lower expression of <em>FN1</em> and <em>COL3A1</em> than subcutaneous WAT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Omental fat in the IBR cohort has properties similar to those of subcutaneous WAT, indicating that the omentum is a promising candidate for rapid breast restoration. In the DBR group, the omentum molecular signature suggests a change towards a pro-fibrotic phenotype and a reduced remodeling capacity, suggesting that it should not be the primary choice for breast reconstruction. This study emphasizes the importance of careful WAT selection to minimize adverse outcomes, including cancer recurrence, and underscores the diverse physiology of fat depots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"Article 103360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103364
Sara V. Maurer , Maya M. Evans , Mia Dukle , Sreelekha Kundu , Jessica L. Dennis , Rhett M. Ellerbroek , Samantha L. Anema , Venezia C. Roshko , Hanna E. Stevens
Background
Prenatal stress, a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) risk factor, induces neurobehavioral alterations, including offspring neuroimmune cells. Variable offspring outcomes may arise from the extent to which prenatal stress crosses “thresholds” for specific effects. Therefore, we sought to determine offspring outcomes using models with different extents of prenatal stress. We focused on striatal outcomes, because of their relevance for NDDs.
Methods
Pregnant CD1 mice were assigned to four groups (each: n = 6): no stress (“NoS”) or stressors administered three times daily: i.p. saline injections (low prenatal stress, LoS), interleukin-6 injections as a component of prenatal stress (immune prenatal stress; ImS), or restraint stress + saline injections (high prenatal stress, HiS), embryonic days 12–18. Behavioral (open field, rotarod, amphetamine-induced stereotypy, water T-maze) and brain and placental immunohistochemical (Iba1, Ki67) assessments of offspring were performed.
Results
In adult offspring, HiS altered behaviors across males and females, while ImS induced fewer behavioral changes, and LoS did not affect behavior. Adult striatal microglia morphologies were mostly unchanged across groups, with only HiS altering striatal density of minimally-ramified cells. However, embryonic striatal microglia were affected by all stressors in distinct ways. The HiS model, and to a lesser extent LoS, also influenced immune components of the maternal-fetal interface: placental macrophages.
Conclusions
High and immune stress affected adult striatal-dependent behavior, exceeding the threshold necessary for persistent impacts mostly in males, but all stress models affected embryonic microglia, suggesting a lower threshold for early neuroimmune impacts. Distinct severities and aspects of prenatal stress may therefore underlie different NDD-relevant outcomes.
{"title":"Sex Specific Threshold Effects of Prenatal Stress on Striatal Microglia and Relevant Behaviors in Mice","authors":"Sara V. Maurer , Maya M. Evans , Mia Dukle , Sreelekha Kundu , Jessica L. Dennis , Rhett M. Ellerbroek , Samantha L. Anema , Venezia C. Roshko , Hanna E. Stevens","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prenatal stress, a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) risk factor, induces neurobehavioral alterations, including offspring neuroimmune cells. Variable offspring outcomes may arise from the extent to which prenatal stress crosses “thresholds” for specific effects. Therefore, we sought to determine offspring outcomes using models with different extents of prenatal stress. We focused on striatal outcomes, because of their relevance for NDDs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pregnant CD1 mice were assigned to four groups (each: n = 6): no stress (“NoS”) or stressors administered three times daily: i.p. saline injections (low prenatal stress, LoS), interleukin-6 injections as a component of prenatal stress (immune prenatal stress; ImS), or restraint stress + saline injections (high prenatal stress, HiS), embryonic days 12–18. Behavioral (open field, rotarod, amphetamine-induced stereotypy, water T-maze) and brain and placental immunohistochemical (Iba1, Ki67) assessments of offspring were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In adult offspring, HiS altered behaviors across males and females, while ImS induced fewer behavioral changes, and LoS did not affect behavior. Adult striatal microglia morphologies were mostly unchanged across groups, with only HiS altering striatal density of minimally-ramified cells. However, embryonic striatal microglia were affected by all stressors in distinct ways. The HiS model, and to a lesser extent LoS, also influenced immune components of the maternal-fetal interface: placental macrophages.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>High and immune stress affected adult striatal-dependent behavior, exceeding the threshold necessary for persistent impacts mostly in males, but all stress models affected embryonic microglia, suggesting a lower threshold for early neuroimmune impacts. Distinct severities and aspects of prenatal stress may therefore underlie different NDD-relevant outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"Article 103364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103370
Mardia López-Alarcón
{"title":"Being the Chief Editor of a Scientific Journal","authors":"Mardia López-Alarcón","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"Article 103370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145796762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103329
Shiyao Wu , Li Wang , Honglin Zhu , Yanli Xie , Ying Jiang , Xiaoli Zhang , Yaou Zhou , Jiaomei Cheng , Quanzhen Li , Xiaoxia Zuo , Tong Li
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease involving chronic synovitis and bone erosion. Most patients with RA have autoantibodies in their blood. However, the characteristics of autoantibodies and cytokines in RA synovial fluid (SF) are not fully understood.
Methods
SF samples were collected from 35 patients with RA and 10 with osteoarthritis (OA). Antigen microarrays were used to test for IgG and IgM antibodies, and Luminex was used to measure cytokines. Correlations between differentially expressed antibodies, cytokines, and clinical parameters were analyzed. KEGG and GO analysis were used to assess the genes of autoantibody targets and cytokines in RA SF.
Results
51 IgM autoantibodies, 25 IgG autoantibodies, and 43 cytokines were identified as differently expressed in RA SF compared to patients with OA. Correlation analysis revealed associations between IgM and IgG and several clinical and laboratory indicators. Newly identified antibodies in RA include anti-vitronectin, anti-glutathione S-transferase P1, and anti-calmodulin. We also identified a new cytokine, interferon α2, in RA SF. IgM autoantibodies correlated positively with basic fibroblast growth factors, IL-1α, IL-2, and IL-3. IgG autoantibodies correlated positively with IL-9 and IL-12. KEGG and GO analysis revealed that the differentially expressed autoantibody targets and cytokines were involved in the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and positively regulated NF-κB activity.
Conclusions
We identified three new autoantibodies and a new cytokine in RA SF. These findings, along with our enrichment analysis, suggest a potential role for NETs in the RA synovial microenvironment. This deepens our understanding of RA synovial microenvironment and identifies new approaches for innovative treatment strategies.
{"title":"Synovial Fluid Autoantibodies and Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis Potential Biomarkers and Insight into Disease Pathogenesis","authors":"Shiyao Wu , Li Wang , Honglin Zhu , Yanli Xie , Ying Jiang , Xiaoli Zhang , Yaou Zhou , Jiaomei Cheng , Quanzhen Li , Xiaoxia Zuo , Tong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease involving chronic synovitis and bone erosion. Most patients with RA have autoantibodies in their blood. However, the characteristics of autoantibodies and cytokines in RA synovial fluid (SF) are not fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>SF samples were collected from 35 patients with RA and 10 with osteoarthritis (OA). Antigen microarrays were used to test for IgG and IgM antibodies, and Luminex was used to measure cytokines. Correlations between differentially expressed antibodies, cytokines, and clinical parameters were analyzed. KEGG and GO analysis were used to assess the genes of autoantibody targets and cytokines in RA SF.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>51 IgM autoantibodies, 25 IgG autoantibodies, and 43 cytokines were identified as differently expressed in RA SF compared to patients with OA. Correlation analysis revealed associations between IgM and IgG and several clinical and laboratory indicators. Newly identified antibodies in RA include anti-vitronectin, anti-glutathione S-transferase P1, and anti-calmodulin. We also identified a new cytokine, interferon α2, in RA SF. IgM autoantibodies correlated positively with basic fibroblast growth factors, IL-1α, IL-2, and IL-3. IgG autoantibodies correlated positively with IL-9 and IL-12. KEGG and GO analysis revealed that the differentially expressed autoantibody targets and cytokines were involved in the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and positively regulated NF-κB activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified three new autoantibodies and a new cytokine in RA SF. These findings, along with our enrichment analysis, suggest a potential role for NETs in the RA synovial microenvironment. This deepens our understanding of RA synovial microenvironment and identifies new approaches for innovative treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103338
Andrew Ford , Claire Jansson-Knodell , Alberto Rubio Tapia
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune condition that is traditionally characterized by the presence of serologic markers and flattening of the duodenal villi. However, a rare variant of the disease known as seronegative celiac disease (SNCeD), is characterized by an absence of these diagnostic serologies. The current diagnostic approach to this condition relies on excluding alternative seronegative enteropathies and confirming a positive CeD HLA genotype followed by an extended gluten-free diet (GFD). However, this current diagnostic approach is burdensome and underscores the need for more succinct methods. Encouragingly there are multiple tests that are being investigated for CeD diagnosis that also could extend to SNCeD diagnosis such as intestinal IgA anti-TG2 deposits, HLA-DQ tetramer assays, microRNA, interleukin-2, and flow cytometry among others.
{"title":"Diagnostic Evaluation of Seronegative Celiac Disease","authors":"Andrew Ford , Claire Jansson-Knodell , Alberto Rubio Tapia","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune condition that is traditionally characterized by the presence of serologic markers and flattening of the duodenal villi. However, a rare variant of the disease known as seronegative celiac disease (SNCeD), is characterized by an absence of these diagnostic serologies. The current diagnostic approach to this condition relies on excluding alternative seronegative enteropathies and confirming a positive CeD HLA genotype followed by an extended gluten-free diet (GFD). However, this current diagnostic approach is burdensome and underscores the need for more succinct methods. Encouragingly there are multiple tests that are being investigated for CeD diagnosis that also could extend to SNCeD diagnosis such as intestinal IgA anti-TG2 deposits, HLA-DQ tetramer assays, microRNA, interleukin-2, and flow cytometry among others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 8","pages":"Article 103338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103350
Abdulrahman Ismaiel , Mhd Bashir Almonajjed , Cristina Sorina Catana , Stefan-Lucian Popa , Dan L. Dumitrascu
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has become a critical public health concern, representing the progressive form of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). MASH is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning, and fibrosis, which increase the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, MASH affects a significant proportion of the global population, requiring accurate diagnostic tools and tailored interventions. This manuscript delves into the current understanding of MASH, focusing on its pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and innovative non-invasive strategies. While liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, its invasiveness and limitations have prompted the search for alternative approaches. Promising non-invasive techniques, such as elastography, MRI-based techniques, and serum biomarkers like cytokeratin-18, NIS4, and FAST scores, provide new ways to detect MASH and evaluate fibrosis severity. The updated MASLD criteria refine risk stratification further, capturing a broader range of at-risk individuals, including lean phenotypes. As MASH continues to strain healthcare systems worldwide, this review underscores the importance of advancing non-invasive diagnostics and integrating multi-omics approaches. Future research should focus on developing personalized strategies to halt disease progression, enhance early detection, and optimize patient outcomes.
{"title":"Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis in Focus: Pathogenesis, Non-Invasive Diagnostics, and Future Approaches","authors":"Abdulrahman Ismaiel , Mhd Bashir Almonajjed , Cristina Sorina Catana , Stefan-Lucian Popa , Dan L. Dumitrascu","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has become a critical public health concern, representing the progressive form of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). MASH is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning, and fibrosis, which increase the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, MASH affects a significant proportion of the global population, requiring accurate diagnostic tools and tailored interventions. This manuscript delves into the current understanding of MASH, focusing on its pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and innovative non-invasive strategies. While liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, its invasiveness and limitations have prompted the search for alternative approaches. Promising non-invasive techniques, such as elastography, MRI-based techniques, and serum biomarkers like cytokeratin-18, NIS4, and FAST scores, provide new ways to detect MASH and evaluate fibrosis severity. The updated MASLD criteria refine risk stratification further, capturing a broader range of at-risk individuals, including lean phenotypes. As MASH continues to strain healthcare systems worldwide, this review underscores the importance of advancing non-invasive diagnostics and integrating multi-omics approaches. Future research should focus on developing personalized strategies to halt disease progression, enhance early detection, and optimize patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 8","pages":"Article 103350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145620718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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