The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in human reproduction is a rapidly evolving field with both exciting possibilities and ethical considerations. This technology has the potential to improve success rates and reduce the emotional and financial burden of infertility. However, it also raises ethical and privacy concerns. This paper presents an overview of the current and potential applications of AI in human reproduction. It explores the use of AI in various aspects of reproductive medicine, including fertility tracking, assisted reproductive technologies, management of pregnancy complications, and laboratory automation. In addition, we discuss the need for robust ethical frameworks and regulations to ensure the responsible and equitable use of AI in reproductive medicine.
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in human reproduction","authors":"Gerardo Mendizabal-Ruiz , Omar Paredes , Ángel Álvarez , Fátima Acosta-Gómez , Estefanía Hernández-Morales , Josué González-Sandoval , Celina Mendez-Zavala , Ernesto Borrayo , Alejandro Chavez-Badiola","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in human reproduction is a rapidly evolving field with both exciting possibilities and ethical considerations. This technology has the potential to improve success rates and reduce the emotional and financial burden of infertility. However, it also raises ethical and privacy concerns. This paper presents an overview of the current and potential applications of AI in human reproduction. It explores the use of AI in various aspects of reproductive medicine, including fertility tracking, assisted reproductive technologies, management of pregnancy complications, and laboratory automation. In addition, we discuss the need for robust ethical frameworks and regulations to ensure the responsible and equitable use of AI in reproductive medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 8","pages":"Article 103131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103140
Rocío Núñez , Andrés Guijarro , Pablo Alberola , Nuria Santamaría , Mireia Poveda , Ada Mora , Marta Masip , Sofía Sánchez , Sara Alonso , Teresa Rubio , Inmaculada Barros , Paloma González , Sonia Gili , I. Santiago Álvarez
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate possible variations in semen quality among patients undergoing fertility evaluation in 12 different geographical locations in Spain.
Methods
The study was conducted in 12 assisted reproduction centers located in different regions of Spain. Semen samples from 2,336 men seeking fertility assessment were analyzed. Seminal parameters—including semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, morphology, vitality, and total motile sperm count (TMS) were compared by geographic location. All parameters were evaluated using standardized methodologies, with interlaboratory quality controls to ensure consistency.
Results
No significant differences in patient age were found between centers (ANOVA, p > 0.05). However, statistically significant variations in semen volume, sperm concentration, total motility, and TMS were observed between the centers (p = 0.020, 0.004, 0.000, and 0.008, respectively). Men from Asturias exhibited the highest values for sperm concentration (mean: 59.8 ± 48.7 × 106 sperm/mL), motility (mean total motility: 54.3 ± 20.7%), and TMS (mean: 101.2 ± 107.5 × 10^6), with statistically significant differences compared to other regions. Patients from Cataluña, Almería, and Málaga followed in these metrics. In contrast, men from Granada presented the lowest sperm concentration and TMS (mean concentration: 43.1 ± 35.8 × 10^6 sperm/mL; mean TMS: 43.1 ± 34.6 × 10^6), followed by individuals from Alicante and Madrid. No significant differences in sperm morphology or vitality were observed between centers.
Conclusion
Since all seminal parameters were assessed using standardized methodologies, the observed differences in semen quality between regions are unlikely to be due to laboratory variability.
{"title":"Study of variations in semen quality in men from 12 geographical locations in Spain","authors":"Rocío Núñez , Andrés Guijarro , Pablo Alberola , Nuria Santamaría , Mireia Poveda , Ada Mora , Marta Masip , Sofía Sánchez , Sara Alonso , Teresa Rubio , Inmaculada Barros , Paloma González , Sonia Gili , I. Santiago Álvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate possible variations in semen quality among patients undergoing fertility evaluation in 12 different geographical locations in Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was conducted in 12 assisted reproduction centers located in different regions of Spain. Semen samples from 2,336 men seeking fertility assessment were analyzed. Seminal parameters—including semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, morphology, vitality, and total motile sperm count (TMS) were compared by geographic location. All parameters were evaluated using standardized methodologies, with interlaboratory quality controls to ensure consistency.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences in patient age were found between centers (ANOVA, <em>p</em> > 0.05). However, statistically significant variations in semen volume, sperm concentration, total motility, and TMS were observed between the centers (<em>p</em> = 0.020, 0.004, 0.000, and 0.008, respectively). Men from Asturias exhibited the highest values for sperm concentration (mean: 59.8 ± 48.7 × 10<sup>6</sup> sperm/mL), motility (mean total motility: 54.3 ± 20.7%), and TMS (mean: 101.2 ± 107.5 × 10^6), with statistically significant differences compared to other regions. Patients from Cataluña, Almería, and Málaga followed in these metrics. In contrast, men from Granada presented the lowest sperm concentration and TMS (mean concentration: 43.1 ± 35.8 × 10^6 sperm/mL; mean TMS: 43.1 ± 34.6 × 10^6), followed by individuals from Alicante and Madrid. No significant differences in sperm morphology or vitality were observed between centers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Since all seminal parameters were assessed using standardized methodologies, the observed differences in semen quality between regions are unlikely to be due to laboratory variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 8","pages":"Article 103140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103139
Lucas G. Fraga , João PM. Gismondi , Lucas V. Sanvido , Ana Flávia Q. Lozano , Thiago A. Teixeira , Jorge Hallak
Infertility, defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected, frequent sexual intercourse, is a global burden that affects approximately 15% of couples, or 190–230 million people worldwide, who are trying to start a family. The male contributes significantly, directly accounting for 30–35% and up to 52% of total couple infertility, affecting approximately 7–8% of all men. This work aims to present, in a didactic and objective way, a standardization of the initial steps toward a thorough evaluation of subfertile and infertile men. We have focused on the evaluation of initial management, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive evaluation that includes a detailed history, physical examination, and semen analysis as the golden triple helix of basic evaluation of the infertile male. General and genital physical examinations are highly valuable due to the wealth of information they provide, from potential diagnoses to pregnancy prognoses. Comprehensive and quality-controlled semen analysis provides reliable information as a baseline test to evaluate the patency of the reproductive tract and to evaluate basic sperm parameters and fertility potential. However, it is not a fertility determinant and should preferentially be complemented with sperm functional tests. like biomarkers of oxidative stress, sperm immaturity and DNA fragmentation. Most cases of infertility require evaluation by a specialist in andrology, nonetheless the understanding and rationale of the initial assessment of the infertile male can be undertaken by non-specialists, thus improving the care and counseling of couples facing this troubling issue and avoiding unnecessary use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) since most cases of male infertility can be treated and reversed by medical or surgical interventions, and the fertility status can be restored. The ultimate goal is to achieve natural pregnancy, the use of ART should not be the initial offered resource.
{"title":"Clinical and Laboratorial Evaluation of Male Infertility. A Detailed Practical Approach","authors":"Lucas G. Fraga , João PM. Gismondi , Lucas V. Sanvido , Ana Flávia Q. Lozano , Thiago A. Teixeira , Jorge Hallak","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infertility, defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected, frequent sexual intercourse, is a global burden that affects approximately 15% of couples, or 190–230 million people worldwide, who are trying to start a family. The male contributes significantly, directly accounting for 30–35% and up to 52% of total couple infertility, affecting approximately 7–8% of all men. This work aims to present, in a didactic and objective way, a standardization of the initial steps toward a thorough evaluation of subfertile and infertile men. We have focused on the evaluation of initial management, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive evaluation that includes a detailed history, physical examination, and semen analysis as the golden triple helix of basic evaluation of the infertile male. General and genital physical examinations are highly valuable due to the wealth of information they provide, from potential diagnoses to pregnancy prognoses. Comprehensive and quality-controlled semen analysis provides reliable information as a baseline test to evaluate the patency of the reproductive tract and to evaluate basic sperm parameters and fertility potential. However, it is not a fertility determinant and should preferentially be complemented with sperm functional tests. like biomarkers of oxidative stress, sperm immaturity and DNA fragmentation. Most cases of infertility require evaluation by a specialist in andrology, nonetheless the understanding and rationale of the initial assessment of the infertile male can be undertaken by non-specialists, thus improving the care and counseling of couples facing this troubling issue and avoiding unnecessary use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) since most cases of male infertility can be treated and reversed by medical or surgical interventions, and the fertility status can be restored. The ultimate goal is to achieve natural pregnancy, the use of ART should not be the initial offered resource.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 8","pages":"Article 103139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103138
Sergio Papier , Fiamma Di Biase , Julieta Quaglia
{"title":"Reproductive medicine: The future is now","authors":"Sergio Papier , Fiamma Di Biase , Julieta Quaglia","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 8","pages":"Article 103138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103136
Taylor Badger , Emma Johns , Teresa Wilson , Kathleen Groesch , Paula Diaz-Sylvester , Erin Bauer , Albert Botchway , Melanie Nielsen , Julio Ricardo Loret de Mola , Beau Batton
Objective
To compare in-hospital and neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes between very preterm infants conceived spontaneously and those conceived utilizing in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Study Design
A 10-year retrospective study of a large regional, mixed urban and rural population was conducted. IVF conceived infants born <32 0/7 weeks gestational age (GA) were matched 1:2 to control patients who did not undergo any documented assisted reproductive technology (ART) based on GA, birth weight and gender. In-hospital and ND data were analyzed.
Results
There were 35,712 live births, including 755 (2.1%) IVF-conceived births (519 [68.7%] full term, 236 [31.3%] preterm, 33 born <32 0/7 weeks GA [14.0%] – including 27 cared for in the HSHS St. John's Hospital NICU with long-term ND data). When compared to 54 controls, these 27 very preterm IVF-conceived infants were more likely to be born to older women (OR 1.21 [1.07–1.35], p = 0.001), but other demographic data (i.e., including primigravida status, length of hospital stay, use of antenatal corticosteroids, mode of delivery, rural residency, etc.) were similar. Compared to other very preterm neonates, IVF conceived very preterm infants were less likely to receive surfactant therapy (9 [33%] vs. 34 [63%], p = 0.104). Other in-hospital outcomes were similar. Data for ND outcomes through 24 months (non-matched data due to loss to follow-up) were also similar between cohorts.
Conclusion
Infants born very preterm after IVF conception have similar in-hospital and ND outcomes when compared to other very preterm infants. This is reassuring information that can be shared with individuals considering IVF conception.
{"title":"Developmental outcomes of very preterm infants conceived through in vitro fertilization","authors":"Taylor Badger , Emma Johns , Teresa Wilson , Kathleen Groesch , Paula Diaz-Sylvester , Erin Bauer , Albert Botchway , Melanie Nielsen , Julio Ricardo Loret de Mola , Beau Batton","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare in-hospital and neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes between very preterm infants conceived spontaneously and those conceived utilizing <em>in vitro</em> fertilization (IVF).</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>A 10-year retrospective study of a large regional, mixed urban and rural population was conducted. IVF conceived infants born <32 0/7 weeks gestational age (GA) were matched 1:2 to control patients who did not undergo any documented assisted reproductive technology (ART) based on GA, birth weight and gender. In-hospital and ND data were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 35,712 live births, including 755 (2.1%) IVF-conceived births (519 [68.7%] full term, 236 [31.3%] preterm, 33 born <32 0/7 weeks GA [14.0%] – including 27 cared for in the HSHS St. John's Hospital NICU with long-term ND data). When compared to 54 controls, these 27 very preterm IVF-conceived infants were more likely to be born to older women (OR 1.21 [1.07–1.35], <em>p</em> = 0.001), but other demographic data (i.e., including primigravida status, length of hospital stay, use of antenatal corticosteroids, mode of delivery, rural residency, etc.) were similar. Compared to other very preterm neonates, IVF conceived very preterm infants were less likely to receive surfactant therapy (9 [33%] vs. 34 [63%], <em>p</em> = 0.104). Other in-hospital outcomes were similar. Data for ND outcomes through 24 months (non-matched data due to loss to follow-up) were also similar between cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Infants born very preterm after IVF conception have similar in-hospital and ND outcomes when compared to other very preterm infants. This is reassuring information that can be shared with individuals considering IVF conception.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 8","pages":"Article 103136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to increased exposure to health hazards, patients with cancer are at a higher risk of developing infective endocarditis (IE), which in turn maximizes their risk of poor outcomes. This study aimed to analyze IE events in patients with cancer and matched controls.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective case-control study in four third-level centers in Mexico City between 2006 and 2022. Patients with IE were identified; cases (patients with cancer) were matched in a 1:2 ratio with controls (patients without cancer). Baseline characteristics, factors associated with IE, and outcomes were assessed in both groups.
Results
A total of 108 patients were included (36 cases and 72 controls). After logistic regression analysis, the risk factors independently associated with IE in cases were obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 9.03, 95 % CI 1.5–51.8), surgery within six months before IE (aOR 6.23, 95 % CI 1.8–21.5), and invasive procedures within six months prior to IE (aOR 3.89, 95 % CI 1.15–13.1). Healthcare-associated IE was more common in these cases, as were systemic embolic episodes. Subjects with S. aureus IE were more prone to experience systemic embolization. There were no differences in mortality between the groups.
Conclusion
In this study, risk factors associated with the healthcare environment were more frequent in patients with IE and cancer. S. aureus was a common culprit and was associated with systemic embolization.
由于暴露于健康危害因素的增加，癌症患者发生感染性心内膜炎（IE）的风险更高，这反过来又使其预后不良的风险最大化。本研究旨在分析癌症患者和对照组的IE事件。方法2006 - 2022年在墨西哥城4个三级中心进行回顾性病例对照研究。确定IE患者；病例（癌症患者）与对照组（非癌症患者）按1:2的比例配对。对两组的基线特征、与IE相关的因素和结果进行评估。结果共纳入108例患者，其中病例36例，对照组72例。经logistic回归分析，与IE病例独立相关的危险因素为肥胖（调整比值比[aOR] 9.03, 95% CI 1.5-51.8）、IE前6个月内的手术（aOR 6.23, 95% CI 1.8-21.5）和IE前6个月内的有创手术（aOR 3.89, 95% CI 1.15-13.1）。在这些病例中，与医疗保健相关的IE更为常见，系统性栓塞发作也是如此。金黄色葡萄球菌IE患者更容易出现全身栓塞。两组之间的死亡率没有差异。结论与卫生环境相关的危险因素在IE合并癌症患者中更为常见。金黄色葡萄球菌是常见的罪魁祸首，并与全身栓塞有关。
{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infective endocarditis in patients with cancer: A multicenter case-control study","authors":"Gustavo Mendez-Hirata , Frida Rivera-Buendía , Eduardo Viveros-Rentería , Eric Ochoa-Hein , Patricia Cornejo-Juárez , Manlio Márquez , José Ramón Hidalgo-Dura , Yoana Leyva-López , Diana Vilar-Compte","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Due to increased exposure to health hazards, patients with cancer are at a higher risk of developing infective endocarditis (IE), which in turn maximizes their risk of poor outcomes. This study aimed to analyze IE events in patients with cancer and matched controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective case-control study in four third-level centers in Mexico City between 2006 and 2022. Patients with IE were identified; cases (patients with cancer) were matched in a 1:2 ratio with controls (patients without cancer). Baseline characteristics, factors associated with IE, and outcomes were assessed in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 108 patients were included (36 cases and 72 controls). After logistic regression analysis, the risk factors independently associated with IE in cases were obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 9.03, 95 % CI 1.5–51.8), surgery within six months before IE (aOR 6.23, 95 % CI 1.8–21.5), and invasive procedures within six months prior to IE (aOR 3.89, 95 % CI 1.15–13.1). Healthcare-associated IE was more common in these cases, as were systemic embolic episodes. Subjects with <em>S. aureus</em> IE were more prone to experience systemic embolization. There were no differences in mortality between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this study, risk factors associated with the healthcare environment were more frequent in patients with IE and cancer. <em>S. aureus</em> was a common culprit and was associated with systemic embolization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 3","pages":"Article 103123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103126
David A. Forero-Peña , Fhabián S. Carrión-Nessi , Óscar D. Omaña-Ávila , Daniela L. Mendoza-Millán , Augusto Moncada-Ortega , María E. Landaeta
The humanitarian crisis in Venezuela has become an unprecedented regional emergency. Over the past decade, Venezuela's political and economic collapse has eroded the country's healthcare infrastructure and threatened the public health of the population. Shortages of medicines and health supplies, disruptions in basic services, and the emigration of health workers during this humanitarian crisis have affected access to care throughout the country, as well as the capacity of emergency services and outbreak response. During the early waves of the epidemic, COVID-19 collapsed the Venezuelan health system, leaving sentinel centers without inpatient beds and ICU space. Home-based care alternatives quickly emerged, not only for mild to moderate but also for severe and critical COVID-19 cases. Here we discuss the impact of the pandemic on the Venezuelan health system, the emergence of home-based care alternatives for severe and critical COVID-19 cases, as well as their costs and challenges, and finally, their advantages and disadvantages.
{"title":"COVID-19 in Venezuela: Costs and challenges of management severe cases at home in a crisis setting","authors":"David A. Forero-Peña , Fhabián S. Carrión-Nessi , Óscar D. Omaña-Ávila , Daniela L. Mendoza-Millán , Augusto Moncada-Ortega , María E. Landaeta","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The humanitarian crisis in Venezuela has become an unprecedented regional emergency. Over the past decade, Venezuela's political and economic collapse has eroded the country's healthcare infrastructure and threatened the public health of the population. Shortages of medicines and health supplies, disruptions in basic services, and the emigration of health workers during this humanitarian crisis have affected access to care throughout the country, as well as the capacity of emergency services and outbreak response. During the early waves of the epidemic, COVID-19 collapsed the Venezuelan health system, leaving sentinel centers without inpatient beds and ICU space. Home-based care alternatives quickly emerged, not only for mild to moderate but also for severe and critical COVID-19 cases. Here we discuss the impact of the pandemic on the Venezuelan health system, the emergence of home-based care alternatives for severe and critical COVID-19 cases, as well as their costs and challenges, and finally, their advantages and disadvantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 3","pages":"Article 103126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interstitial fibrosis is the primary determinant of the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and noninvasive identification of interstitial fibrosis is a major challenge. We aimed to explore the diagnostic value of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in serum and urine in kidney fibrosis.
Methods
Single-cell transcriptome analysis was used to measure SPARC expression in healthy reference kidneys and those of patients with CKD. A total of 674 patients with CKD who underwent renal biopsy served as the training cohort (n = 322) and the validation cohort (n = 352). Serum and urinary SPARC levels were measured at the time of kidney biopsy. In vivo and in vitro models of kidney fibrosis were also used to confirm the role of SPARC.
Results
Increased SPARC expression was detected in kidney fibrosis tissues. Higher serum SPARC levels were associated with increased severity of kidney fibrosis. Moreover, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) (AUC 0.86) was greater for the serum SPARC level than for the urinary SPARC level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The combination of the serum and urinary SPARC levels and eGFR increased the AUC-ROC for predicting kidney fibrosis from 0.86 to 0.90. The diagnostic performance of serum or urinary SPARC levels was consistent in the validation cohort. In vivo and in vitro models of kidney fibrosis also confirmed the upregulation of SPARC expression.
Conclusions
Serum and urinary SPARC levels may be potential biomarkers for kidney fibrosis and may be useful for noninvasive diagnosis.
{"title":"Elevated serum and urinary secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine levels are novel biomarkers of kidney fibrosis severity","authors":"Yang-yang Niu , Ying Yu , Wen-qian Zhou , Xiao-qin Zhang , Sai-ya Zhu , Ying-ying Zhang , Xin Li , Hong-ping Shan , Jian-ying Niu , Tian-jun Guan , Chen Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Interstitial fibrosis is the primary determinant of the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and noninvasive identification of interstitial fibrosis is a major challenge. We aimed to explore the diagnostic value of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in serum and urine in kidney fibrosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Single-cell transcriptome analysis was used to measure SPARC expression in healthy reference kidneys and those of patients with CKD. A total of 674 patients with CKD who underwent renal biopsy served as the training cohort (<em>n</em> = 322) and the validation cohort (<em>n</em> = 352). Serum and urinary SPARC levels were measured at the time of kidney biopsy. In vivo and in vitro models of kidney fibrosis were also used to confirm the role of SPARC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Increased SPARC expression was detected in kidney fibrosis tissues. Higher serum SPARC levels were associated with increased severity of kidney fibrosis. Moreover, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) (AUC 0.86) was greater for the serum SPARC level than for the urinary SPARC level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The combination of the serum and urinary SPARC levels and eGFR increased the AUC-ROC for predicting kidney fibrosis from 0.86 to 0.90. The diagnostic performance of serum or urinary SPARC levels was consistent in the validation cohort. In vivo and in vitro models of kidney fibrosis also confirmed the upregulation of SPARC expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Serum and urinary SPARC levels may be potential biomarkers for kidney fibrosis and may be useful for noninvasive diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 3","pages":"Article 103125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103137
Julio Ricardo Loret de Mola
Laparoscopic Robot-assisted surgery is one of the most promising and rapidly developing surgical advancements of the twenty-first century with a potential to make significant contributions to reproductive medicine and preservation of fertility. Presently, laparoscopic robotic assisted surgery is used for various benign and malignant gynecological procedures, including fertility enhancing procedures. Laparoscopic Robot-assisted surgery is superior to traditional open procedures with regards to post-surgical hospital stay and blood loss; however, the difference is comparable to laparoscopic surgery. Regarding operative times, the results have been inconsistent due to variations in surgeons’ experience. The primary drawbacks of robotic systems are their high installation and maintenance costs and historical lack of tactile feedback; however, this has been overcome by the most recent evolution of robotic systems. Along with the major advances in cancer therapy, the number of female cancer survivors of reproductive age has dramatically increased. Consequently, fertility preservation and fertility enhancement have gained more emphasis in reproductive surgery in the last decade. A broad range of surgical procedures such as tubal reanastomosis, myomectomy, treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosis, ovarian transposition, radical trachelectomy, and ovarian transplantation has been introduced to restore or preserve fertility using Laparoscopic Robot-assisted surgery. In this article, we aim to present the current applications, advantages, and disadvantages of Laparoscopic Robot-assisted surgical technology in the field of reproductive surgery, including the more recent advances of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field.
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Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103130
Alfredo Góngora , William V. Holt , Jaime Gosálvez
The purpose of this article is to analyze in detail the advantages and disadvantages of sperm cryopreservation, focusing on the cellular and molecular changes that occur during these processes. The main issue is the cellular damage caused by ice crystal formation and osmotic imbalance, along with other secondary effects such as sperm motility and viability, as well as the acrosome reaction or oxidative stress. Another important aspect is the examination of how chromatin structure and DNA integrity affect sperm. Biochemical changes affecting enzyme activity and protein stability have also been analyzed. Finally, the article highlights emerging technologies aimed at reducing the damage caused by sperm cryopreservation, as well as the potential benefits of biobanks as an essential resource for addressing male infertility.
本文旨在详细分析精子冷冻保存的优缺点，重点关注冷冻过程中发生的细胞和分子变化。主要问题是冰晶形成和渗透失衡造成的细胞损伤，以及其他次要影响，如精子活力和存活率，以及顶体反应或氧化应激。另一个重要方面是研究染色质结构和 DNA 的完整性如何影响精子。此外，还分析了影响酶活性和蛋白质稳定性的生化变化。最后，文章重点介绍了旨在减少精子冷冻造成的损害的新兴技术，以及生物库作为解决男性不育问题的重要资源的潜在益处。
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