Archives of Medical Research最新文献_第6页

Impact of maternal hormone profile and paternal sperm DNA fragmentation on clinical outcomes following assisted reproduction 母体激素水平和父方精子 DNA 片段对辅助生殖临床结果的影响。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103108

Khashayar Aflatoonian , Fatemehsadat Amjadi , Nadia Sheibak , Maryam Moradi , Abbas Aflatoonian , Maryamsadat Tabatabaei , Katayon Berjis , Reza Aflatoonian , Zahra Zandieh

Background

Success of assisted reproductive techniques depends on multiple factors including maternal endocrine status, hormonal balance, and paternal sperm quality. A comprehensive pre-treatment evaluation allows better prediction of outcomes and avoidance of unnecessary procedures and expenses.

Methods

To examine the impact of female hormonal profiles and sperm DNA damage on the success of assisted reproduction, medical data were extracted from the clinical records of infertile couples including couples’ age and levels of maternal anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL), as well as the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in men. Any correlation between these parameters and clinical outcomes was investigated.

Results

DFI and FSH independently influenced the rate of high-quality embryos. A decrease in maternal age and PRL levels increased the rate of these embryos. On the other hand, an increase in maternal body mass index (BMI) or AMH levels was associated with a reduced chance of achieving high quality embryos. In addition, any reduction in PRL levels could be associated with a higher fertilization rate. FSH levels above the normal range contribute to a reduced rate of high-quality embryos. Overall, our findings demonstrate the complex interplay between different factors and their influence on fertilization success and emphasize the importance of optimizing these variables to achieve the best possible outcome.

Conclusion

Several factors can influence the outcome of infertility treatment. These factors include paternal DFI, maternal age, BMI, AMH, FSH, and PRL levels.

背景：辅助生殖技术的成功与否取决于多种因素，包括母体的内分泌状态、荷尔蒙平衡和父亲的精子质量。全面的治疗前评估可以更好地预测结果，避免不必要的程序和费用：为了研究女性荷尔蒙状况和精子 DNA 损伤对辅助生殖成功率的影响，我们从不孕夫妇的临床记录中提取了医疗数据，包括夫妇的年龄、母体抗穆勒氏管激素（AMH）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）和催乳素（PRL）的水平，以及男性的 DNA 断裂指数（DFI）。研究还调查了这些参数与临床结果之间的相关性：结果：DFI 和 FSH 对优质胚胎率有独立影响。母体年龄和 PRL 水平的降低提高了优质胚胎率。另一方面，母体体重指数（BMI）或 AMH 水平的增加与获得优质胚胎的几率降低有关。此外，任何 PRL 水平的降低都可能与受精率的提高有关。FSH 水平超过正常范围会导致优质胚胎率降低。总之，我们的研究结果表明了不同因素之间复杂的相互作用及其对受精成功率的影响，并强调了优化这些变量以获得最佳结果的重要性：结论：有几个因素会影响不孕症治疗的结果。这些因素包括父亲的DFI、母亲的年龄、体重指数、AMH、FSH和PRL水平。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of hormonal factors, number of sexual partners, surgical intervention on gastrointestinal and urogenital microbiota of patients endometriosis 激素因素、性伴侣数量、手术干预对子宫内膜异位症患者胃肠道和泌尿生殖道微生物群的影响

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103112

Han Do , Paula Diaz-Sylvester , Kathleen Groesch , Teresa Wilson , Kristen Delfino , J.Ricardo Loret de Mola , Andrea Braundmeier-Fleming

Problem

Endometriosis is associated with gastrointestinal (GI) and urogenital (UG) microbial dysbiosis in patients with endometriosis (P-EOSIS). Sexual partner exposure may contribute to microbial dysbiosis but has not been studied in P-EOSIS. We hypothesized that sexual partner number, hormonal and surgical therapy would affect GI/UG microbial dysbiosis in P-EOSIS.

Methods of Study

Urine, fecal and vaginal swabs from control (n = 15) and P-EOSIS (n = 33) were collected on the day of surgery (DOS) and ∼1–3 weeks post-surgical intervention (PSI).

Control and P-EOSIS were grouped based on hormonal therapy (HT) to determine the effect of HT on microbial profiles, Control (HT n = 8; no HT n = 7) and P-EOSIS (HT n = 18; no HT n = 15). Samples underwent DNA extraction and sequencing of the V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. Sequences were processed using QIIME2 and amplicon sequence variants (ASV) were analyzed for microbial differences. Pearson's and Spearman correlation analyses determined associations among microbial features and sexual partner exposure.

Results

P-EOSIS had microbial dysbiosis characterized by unique GI/UG bacteria and altered microbial richness and diversity. Hormonal and surgical intervention in P-EOSIS restored GI microbial diversity. Increased sexual partner exposure decreased GI/UG microbial diversity. P-EOSIS who had 10 or more sexual partners had greater microbial dysbiosis compared to 4–6 partners. Surgical intervention negatively correlated with sexual partner numbers and GI/UG microbial abundance.

Discussion

Increased sexual partner exposure may enhance microbial dysbiosis in P-EOSIS and diminish the effectiveness of HT and surgical interventions.

问题子宫内膜异位症患者（P-EOSIS）的胃肠道（GI）和泌尿生殖道（UG）微生物菌群失调与子宫内膜异位症有关。性伴侣接触可能会导致微生物菌群失调，但尚未对 P-EOSIS 进行研究。我们假设性伴侣数量、激素和手术治疗会影响 P-EOSIS 的消化道/子宫内膜微生物菌群失调。研究方法在手术当天（DOS）和手术后 1-3 周（PSI）收集对照组（n = 15）和 P-EOSIS 组（n = 33）的尿液、粪便和阴道拭子。对照组和P-EOSIS组根据激素疗法（HT）分组，以确定HT对微生物特征的影响，对照组（HT n = 8；无HT n = 7）和P-EOSIS组（HT n = 18；无HT n = 15）。样本进行了 DNA 提取和 16S rRNA 基因 V4 区域测序。使用 QIIME2 对序列进行处理，并分析扩增子序列变异（ASV）以确定微生物差异。Pearson和Spearman相关性分析确定了微生物特征与性伴侣暴露之间的关联。对P-EOSIS进行激素和手术干预可恢复消化道微生物多样性。性伴侣接触增加会降低消化道/胃肠道微生物多样性。与 4-6 个性伴侣相比，有 10 个或更多性伴侣的 P-EOSIS 微生物菌群失调程度更高。手术干预与性伴侣数量和 GI/UG 微生物丰富度呈负相关。讨论性伴侣暴露增加可能会加重 P-EOSIS 微生物菌群失调，降低 HT 和手术干预的效果。

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引用次数: 0

Relevance of Circulating microRNA, and their Association with Islet Cell Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis 循环 microRNA 及其与 1 型糖尿病发病机制中胰岛细胞自身抗体的相关性。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103114

Aritania S. Santos , Daniele Pereira Santos-Bezerra , Ludmila Rodrigues Pinto Ferreira , Silvia Y. Bando , Laís Isidoro Alves , Edecio Cunha-Neto , Maria Elizabeth Rossi da Silva

Background. Aims/hypothesis

The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis and progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been described, but data remain scarce and conflicting.

Objectives

To evaluate the potential biological involvement of miRNA expression in the immune response and beta cell function in T1D.

Methods

We screened 10 serum miRNAs from 142 subjects divided into three groups: healthy individuals (control group; n = 52) and patients at different stages of T1D progression, from the initial immunological manifestation, presenting islet cell autoantibodies (AbP group; n = 39), to partial and severe beta cell damage in T1D (recent T1D group; n = 51).

Results

Three miRNAs (miR-200c-3p, miR-301a-3p, and miR-382–5p) were highly expressed in the AbP and/or recent T1D groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, in the AbP group, miR-301a-3p and miR-382–5p were positively correlated with insulin autoantibody levels and miR-382–5p was negatively correlated with C-peptide levels. In the recent T1D group, miR-200c-3p expression was positively correlated with IA-2A levels. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs showed their involvement in immune response, inflammatory pathways, proliferation/survival/apoptosis mechanisms, bacterial and viral infection, and insulin resistance.

Conclusion

Our data indicated that miR-200c-3p, miR-301a-3p, and miR-382–5p might be involved in T1D pathogenesis. Proliferative, metabolic, and immune responses were main pathways associated with serum miRNA target genes.

背景情况：目的/假设：微RNA（miRNA）在1型糖尿病（T1D）发病机制和进展中的作用已被描述，但数据仍然稀少且相互矛盾：评估 miRNA 表达在 T1D 免疫反应和 beta 细胞功能中的潜在生物学参与：我们筛选了 142 名受试者的 10 个血清 miRNA，分为三组：健康人（对照组；n = 52）和处于 T1D 进展不同阶段的患者，从最初的免疫学表现、出现胰岛细胞自身抗体（AbP 组；n = 39）到 T1D 中部分和严重的 beta 细胞损伤（近期 T1D 组；n = 51）：结果：与对照组相比，三种 miRNA（miR-200c-3p、miR-301a-3p 和 miR-382-5p）在 AbP 组和/或近期 T1D 组中高表达。此外，在 AbP 组中，miR-301a-3p 和 miR-382-5p 与胰岛素自身抗体水平呈正相关，而 miR-382-5p 与 C 肽水平呈负相关。在近期 T1D 组中，miR-200c-3p 的表达与 IA-2A 水平呈正相关。对差异表达的 miRNA 进行的富集分析表明，它们参与了免疫反应、炎症通路、增殖/存活/凋亡机制、细菌和病毒感染以及胰岛素抵抗：我们的数据表明，miR-200c-3p、miR-301a-3p 和 miR-382-5p 可能参与了 T1D 的发病机制。增殖、代谢和免疫反应是与血清 miRNA 靶基因相关的主要途径。

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引用次数: 0

Features and allele frequency of JAK2 Exon 12-mutated polycythemia vera in comparison with JAK2V617F-mutated disease JAK2外显子12突变型多发性红细胞症与JAK2V617F突变型多发性红细胞症的特征和等位基因频率对比。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103109

Chin-hsuan Chuang , Ming-chung Kuo , Jin-hou Wu , Tung-liang Lin , Po-nan Wang , Yueh-shih Chang , Tung-hui Lin , Ting-yu Huang , Yu-shin Hung , Hsiao-wen Kao , Che-wei OU , Hung Chang , Lee-yung Shih

Background and Aim

JAK2 exon 12 mutation status and the clinical characteristics of patients with polycythemia vera (PV) in Asia remain to be defined.

Method

We analyzed the clinical, molecular, and genetic features and outcomes of patients with PV harboring exon 12 mutation and compared them with the JAK2V617F-mutated patients in Taiwan. JAK2V617F with allele burden was measured by pyrosequencing and/or RT/qPCR. The allele frequency of exon 12 mutation was analyzed by next-generation sequencing in JAK2V617F-negative patients.

Results

A total of 532 patients diagnosed with PV were enrolled. The JAK2V617F mutation was present in 94.9% and exon 12 mutations in 5.1%. At diagnosis, patients with exon 12 mutation had higher hemoglobin (p = 0.012), and hematocrit levels (p = 0.003), and lower platelet (p < 0.001), and leukocyte counts (p < 0.001) compared to patients with JAK2V617F mutations. Patients harboring the JAK2V617F mutation had a higher incidence of high allele burden (p < 0.001), disease risk (p = 0.014), and bleeding events (p = 0.013) compared to patients with PV with exon 12 mutations. These patients showed similar outcomes (overall survival, leukemia-free, myelofibrosis and thrombosis-free survival) to those with JAK2V617F mutations. An allele frequency ≥ 52.5% conferred an inferior overall survival compared to ≤ 52.5% in both exon 12-mutated (p = 0.029) and JAK2V617F patients with PV (p = 0.038).

Conclusion

Taiwanese patients with PV showed differences in blood count, risk group, and bleeding events between exon 12 and JAK2V617F patients. Higher mutant allele burden had a negative impact on overall survival for both mutation types.

背景与目的：亚洲多发性红细胞症（PV）患者的JAK2第12外显子突变状态和临床特征仍有待明确：我们分析了携带12号外显子突变的红细胞增多症患者的临床、分子和遗传特征及预后，并与台湾的JAK2V617F突变患者进行了比较。等位基因负荷的JAK2V617F是通过热测序和/或RT/qPCR测定的。通过新一代测序分析了JAK2V617F阴性患者外显子12突变的等位基因频率：结果：共纳入了 532 例确诊为 PV 的患者。94.9%的患者存在JAK2V617F突变，5.1%的患者存在12号外显子突变。诊断时，与JAK2V617F突变患者相比，外显子12突变患者的血红蛋白（p = 0.012）和血细胞比容水平（p = 0.003）较高，血小板（p < 0.001）和白细胞计数（p < 0.001）较低。与外显子12突变的PV患者相比，携带JAK2V617F突变的患者具有更高的高等位基因负担（p < 0.001）、疾病风险（p= 0.014）和出血事件（p= 0.013）发生率。这些患者的预后（总生存期、无白血病生存期、无骨髓纤维化生存期和无血栓形成生存期）与JAK2V617F突变患者相似。在外显子12突变（p = 0.029）和JAK2V617F突变（p = 0.038）的PV患者中，等位基因频率≥52.5%的总生存率低于≤52.5%的总生存率：结论：外显子12和JAK2V617F的台湾PV患者在血细胞计数、风险组别和出血事件方面存在差异。对于两种突变类型的患者而言，较高的突变等位基因负荷对总生存期均有负面影响。

{"title":"Features and allele frequency of JAK2 Exon 12-mutated polycythemia vera in comparison with JAK2V617F-mutated disease","authors":"Chin-hsuan Chuang , Ming-chung Kuo , Jin-hou Wu , Tung-liang Lin , Po-nan Wang , Yueh-shih Chang , Tung-hui Lin , Ting-yu Huang , Yu-shin Hung , Hsiao-wen Kao , Che-wei OU , Hung Chang , Lee-yung Shih","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aim</h3><div><em>JAK2</em> exon 12 mutation status and the clinical characteristics of patients with polycythemia vera (PV) in Asia remain to be defined.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We analyzed the clinical, molecular, and genetic features and outcomes of patients with PV harboring exon 12 mutation and compared them with the <em>JAK2</em>V617F-mutated patients in Taiwan. <em>JAK2</em>V617F with allele burden was measured by pyrosequencing and/or RT/qPCR. The allele frequency of exon 12 mutation was analyzed by next-generation sequencing in <em>JAK2</em>V617F-negative patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 532 patients diagnosed with PV were enrolled. The <em>JAK2</em>V617F mutation was present in 94.9% and exon 12 mutations in 5.1%. At diagnosis, patients with exon 12 mutation had higher hemoglobin (<em>p</em> = 0.012), and hematocrit levels (<em>p</em> = 0.003), and lower platelet (<em>p</em> < 0.001), and leukocyte counts (<em>p</em> < 0.001) compared to patients with <em>JAK2</em>V617F mutations. Patients harboring the <em>JAK2</em>V617F mutation had a higher incidence of high allele burden (<em>p</em> < 0.001), disease risk (<em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.014), and bleeding events <em>(p</em> <em>=</em> 0.013) compared to patients with PV with exon 12 mutations. These patients showed similar outcomes (overall survival, leukemia-free, myelofibrosis and thrombosis-free survival) to those with <em>JAK2</em>V617F mutations. An allele frequency ≥ 52.5% conferred an inferior overall survival compared to ≤ 52.5% in both exon 12-mutated (<em>p</em> = 0.029) and <em>JAK2</em>V617F patients with PV (<em>p</em> = 0.038).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Taiwanese patients with PV showed differences in blood count, risk group, and bleeding events between exon 12 and <em>JAK2</em>V617F patients. Higher mutant allele burden had a negative impact on overall survival for both mutation types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 2","pages":"Article 103109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overview of hyperprolactinemia: General approach and reproductive health implications 高催乳素血症概述：一般方法和对生殖健康的影响。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103102

Fabian Haidenberg-David, Jessica Sidauy-Adissi, Alberto Moscona-Nissan, Esbeydi Jonguitud-Zumaya, Montserrat Fugarolas-Morinelli, Florencia Martinez-Mendoza, Keiko Taniguchi-Ponciano, Daniel Marrero-Rodríguez, Moises Mercado

Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone produced by the lactotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Among its myriads of biological functions, PRL is the main regulator of mammary gland growth and development, as well as of the production and secretion of milk. Hyperprolactinemia represents a frequent consultation cause in medical practice. Nevertheless, elevations in serum PRL are not always pathological. Drug induced hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause, mainly by antipsychotics, followed by other causes such as pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, physiologic conditions, and systemic diseases such as chronic kidney disease and hypothyroidism. When evaluating a patient with hyperprolactinemia it is of utmost importance to consider the diverse etiologies of this condition in order to avoid unnecessary diagnostic workup and treatment. Regarding reproductive health, hyperprolactinemia is a well-documented cause of infertility, as approximately 15-20% of women undergoing infertility evaluation have hyperprolactinemia, which causes secondary amenorrhea, and other menstrual irregularities. Similarly, in men it is a cause of hypogonadism.

催乳素（PRL）是一种多肽激素，由垂体前叶的泌乳细胞产生。在其众多生物功能中，PRL 是乳腺生长和发育以及乳汁产生和分泌的主要调节因子。高催乳素血症是医疗实践中的常见病因。然而，血清 PRL 升高并不总是病态的。药物诱发的高泌乳素血症是最常见的原因，主要是抗精神病药物，其次是垂体神经内分泌肿瘤、生理性疾病和全身性疾病（如慢性肾病和甲状腺功能减退症）等其他原因。在对高催乳素血症患者进行评估时，最重要的是要考虑到这种病症的各种病因，以避免不必要的诊断工作和治疗。在生殖健康方面，高催乳素血症是导致不孕不育的一个有据可查的原因，在接受不孕不育评估的女性中，约有 15-20% 的人患有高催乳素血症，这会导致继发性闭经和其他月经不调。同样，它也是导致男性性腺功能减退的原因之一。

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引用次数: 0

Lethal synergistic infections by two concurrent respiratory pathogens 两种并发呼吸道病原体的致命协同感染。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103101

Kevin Roe

Lethal synergistic infections by concurrent pathogens have occurred in humans, including human immunodeficiency virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, or in animal or human models of influenza virus, or bacteria, e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae, concurrent with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV–2). However, the intracellular synergistic interaction possibilities between two respiratory viral pathogens, or between viral and fungal pathogens, merits additional examination. The requirements for synergistic concurrent pathogen infections are: a) relatively little detrimental interference between two pathogens, b) one pathogen having the capability of directly or indirectly assisting the second pathogen by direct immuno–manipulation or indirect provision of infection opportunities and/or metabolic assistance, c) substantial human or environmental prevalence, possibly including a prevalence in any type of health–care facilities or other locations having congregations of potentially infected human or animal vectors and d) substantial transmissibility of the pathogens, which would make their concurrent pathogen infections much more probable. A new definition of pathogen synergy is proposed: “pathogen synergy is an interaction of two or more pathogens during concurrent infections causing an increased infection severity compared to mono–infections by the individual pathogens.” Non–respiratory pathogens can also concurrently infect organs besides the lungs. However, the air–transmissible respiratory pathogens, particularly the RNA viruses, can enable highly widespread and synergistic concurrent infections. For instance, certain strains of coronaviruses, influenza viruses and similar respiratory viruses, are highly transmissible and/or widely prevalent in various vectors for transmission to humans and have numerous capabilities for altering lung immune defenses.

人类曾发生过同时感染病原体的致命协同感染，包括人类免疫缺陷病毒和结核分枝杆菌感染，或在流感病毒或细菌（如肺炎链球菌）与严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）同时感染的动物或人类模型中。然而，两种呼吸道病毒病原体之间或病毒与真菌病原体之间的细胞内协同作用可能性值得进一步研究。病原体同时协同感染的条件是a) 两种病原体之间的有害干扰相对较小；b) 一种病原体有能力通过直接免疫操纵或间接提供感染机会和/或代谢协助，直接或间接协助第二种病原体；c) 在人类或环境中大量流行，可能包括在任何类型的医疗保健设施或其他有可能受感染的人类或动物载体聚集的地方流行；d) 病原体的大量传播，这将使它们同时发生病原体感染的可能性大大增加。提出了病原体协同作用的新定义："病原体协同作用是指两种或两种以上病原体在同时感染过程中相互作用，导致感染严重程度高于单种病原体的单一感染。除肺部外，非呼吸道病原体也可同时感染其他器官。然而，可通过空气传播的呼吸道病原体，尤其是 RNA 病毒，可造成高度广泛和协同的并发感染。例如，冠状病毒、流感病毒和类似呼吸道病毒的某些毒株具有高度传播性和/或广泛流行于各种载体，可传播给人类，并具有改变肺部免疫防御系统的多种能力。

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引用次数: 0

Strengthening public health systems during an emerging respiratory disease pandemic: A realist review 在新出现的呼吸道疾病大流行期间加强公共卫生系统：现实主义审查。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103096

Zahra Afshar Hosseinabadi , Mostafa Amini-Rarani , Mohammadreza Amiresmaili , Nasrin Shaarbafchizadeh , Ahmad Reza Raeisi

The recent outbreak of respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 has highlighted the need to strengthen public health systems to respond effectively to such crises. While previous research has identified various public health interventions for pandemics, there remains a significant gap in understanding which interventions can strengthen public health systems during emerging respiratory pandemics and under what conditions. To address this gap, we conducted a realist review to examine public health interventions during emerging respiratory disease pandemics, focusing on context, mechanisms, and outcomes. We conducted a literature search across PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science for studies published since 2003. Finally, we analyzed and assessed the quality of 601 articles and analyzed 32 of them.

This study emphasizes the importance of understanding the situational, structural, cultural, and environmental contexts that influence public health interventions within the six building blocks of public health systems. We have also identified the mechanisms of these interventions at the individual, organizational, and national levels for successful outcomes, such as improved access to health services, health equity, and effectiveness.

This information is important for policymakers and practitioners who can use it to develop evidence-based strategies to strengthen public health systems during emerging respiratory disease pandemics. Our review introduced a new conceptual model to explore the interaction between context, interventions, mechanisms, and outcomes to strengthen public health systems. However, further research is needed to determine the effect of specific contextual factors on public health system interventions during respiratory disease pandemics.

最近爆发的 COVID-19 等呼吸道疾病凸显了加强公共卫生系统有效应对此类危机的必要性。虽然以往的研究已确定了针对大流行病的各种公共卫生干预措施，但在了解哪些干预措施可在新出现的呼吸道大流行病期间以及在何种条件下加强公共卫生系统方面仍存在巨大差距。为了弥补这一差距，我们进行了一次现实主义综述，研究新出现的呼吸道疾病大流行期间的公共卫生干预措施，重点关注背景、机制和结果。我们在 PubMed、Scopus、ProQuest 和 Web of Science 上对 2003 年以来发表的研究进行了文献检索。最后，我们对 601 篇文章进行了分析和质量评估，并对其中 32 篇文章进行了分析。本研究强调了在公共卫生系统的六个组成部分中，了解影响公共卫生干预的情景、结构、文化和环境背景的重要性。我们还确定了这些干预措施在个人、组织和国家层面取得成功结果的机制，如改善卫生服务的获取、卫生公平性和有效性。这些信息对政策制定者和从业人员非常重要，他们可以利用这些信息制定循证策略，在新出现的呼吸道疾病流行期间加强公共卫生系统。我们的综述引入了一个新的概念模型，以探索背景、干预措施、机制和结果之间的相互作用，从而加强公共卫生系统。不过，还需要进一步研究，以确定具体环境因素对呼吸道疾病流行期间公共卫生系统干预措施的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Comment on: “Impaired Ischemia-Reperfusion Responses in the Hearts of Aged Male and Female Offspring of Obese Rats” 评论"肥胖大鼠雌雄后代心脏缺血再灌注反应受损

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103110

Eduardo Perez-Campos , Laura Pérez-Campos Mayoral , María Teresa Hernández-Huerta , Hector A. Cabrera-Fuentes

引用次数: 0

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurements. A Reliable Tool for the Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease 表观扩散系数测量。诊断克雅氏病的可靠工具

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103104

Marie Catherine Boll , Ignacio Muñoz-López , Graciela Cárdenas , Miguel Ángel Ramírez-García , María Guadalupe Nava-Galán , Petra Yescas-Gómez

Background and Purpose

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, rapidly fatal neurodegenerative disorder. The gold standard test for a positive diagnosis of definite CJD is histopathological confirmation, usually post-mortem; however, an autopsy study is not always feasible in all health settings.

Materials and Methods

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a retrospectively enrolled cohort of patients with suspected prion disease between 2008 and 2019. Only patients with complete medical histories who fulfilled a diagnostic checklist were enrolled. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences (T2-FLAIR and DWI) were analyzed, and the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were calculated for five regions of interest (ROIs) in each cerebral hemisphere.

Results

In total, 72 MRI scans were post-processed. The series included 47 cases of CJD, including 25 genetic and 22 sporadic cases, in addition to 25 age-paired controls with non-prion encephalopathies. The neostriatum showed the most significant difference in ADC values (×10^–3 mm²/s) at 0.5946 in the left anterior putamen vs. 0.8644 in the control encephalopathies (p < 0.001; 95% confidence interval: 0.5751–0.6142 vs. 0.7812–0.9476), while the other ROIs also showed significant differences. The best cut-off value to differentiate CJD from other encephalopathies was identified as 0.65×10^–3 mm²/s, with no significant differences in this coefficient between sporadic and genetic cases.

Conclusions

Quantitative ADC measurements made in the basal ganglia seem to be the most useful ante-mortem diagnostic tool for differentiating CJD from non-prion encephalopathies when cerebrospinal fluid real-time quaking-induced conversion or other specific misfolded protein detection tests are inaccessible.

背景和目的：克雅氏病（CJD）是一种罕见的快速致死性神经退行性疾病。确诊克雅氏病的金标准检测方法是组织病理学确认，通常是在死后进行；然而，在所有医疗机构中，尸检研究并不总是可行的：我们对 2008 年至 2019 年期间回顾性入组的疑似朊病毒病患者进行了横断面分析。只有病史完整且符合诊断清单的患者才被纳入。对磁共振成像（MRI）序列（T2-FLAIR和DWI）进行了分析，并计算了每个大脑半球五个感兴趣区（ROI）的表观弥散系数（ADC）：共对 72 张磁共振成像扫描进行了后处理。该系列包括 47 例 CJD 病例，包括 25 例遗传性病例和 22 例散发性病例，以及 25 例年龄配对的非原发性脑病对照组病例。新纹状体的 ADC 值（×10-3 mm2/s）与对照组脑病的 ADC 值（×10-3 mm2/s）相比，差异最为显著，左侧前部丘脑的 ADC 值为 0.5946，对照组为 0.8644（P < 0.001；95% 置信区间：0.5751-0.6142 vs. 0.7812-0.9476），而其他 ROI 也有显著差异。区分CJD和其他脑病的最佳临界值为0.65×10-3 mm2/s，该系数在散发性病例和遗传性病例之间无明显差异：结论：在无法进行脑脊液实时震荡诱导转换或其他特异性错误折叠蛋白检测试验的情况下，基底节的定量 ADC 测量似乎是区分 CJD 和非先天性脑病的最有用的生前诊断工具。

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引用次数: 0

GNLY as a novel cis-eQTL and cis-pQTL mediated susceptibility gene in suppressing prostatitis. Mendelian randomization study GNLY 是抑制前列腺炎的顺式-eQTL 和顺式-pQTL 介导的新型易感基因。孟德尔随机化研究。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103098

Yi Wang , Hao Ji , Guihua Chen , Jianhua Zhou , Dongliang Zhang , Xiang Wang

Background

Prostatitis is characterized by high prevalence, low cure rates, and frequent recurrences, and remains one of the most clinically challenging problems. Hence, in this article, we first integrated Mendelian randomization (MR) with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data to identify novel therapeutic targets and their potential metabolic mechanisms for prostatitis.

Methods

Prostatitis-related genetic data, eQTLs, pQTLs, and 1400 metabolites were downloaded from online databases. MR, or summary data-based MR (SMR) analyses were applied to assess the potential causal relationships between exposures and predicted outcomes. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and leave-one-out analysis to evaluate the robustness of our results.

Results

Based on our results, we first identified and validated GNLY as a novel cis-eQTL and cis-pQTL-mediated susceptibility gene for reducing prostatitis risk in five independent datasets (one discovery dataset and four validation datasets) (all p <0.05). Meanwhile, we also found that the GNLY eQTL could increase the metabolite of sphingomyelin level (d18:0/20:0, d16:0/22:0) risks (p <0.05), and the metabolite of sphingomyelin level (d18:0/20:0, d16:0/22:0) could reduce the risk of prostatitis (p <0.05). According to the above-mentioned relationships, we finally revealed the potential metabolic mechanism of GNLY eQTL in suppressing prostatitis via regulating the metabolite of sphingomyelin level (d18:0/20:0, d16:0/22:0).

Conclusions

We successfully identified GNLY as a novel cis-eQTL and cis-pQTL-mediated susceptibility gene in suppressing prostatitis and its potential metabolic mechanism via regulating sphingomyelin (d18:0/20:0, d16:0/22:0) levels, providing a novel therapeutic target and paving the way for future GNLY-related studies in prostatitis.

背景：前列腺炎具有发病率高、治愈率低和复发频繁的特点，仍然是临床上最具挑战性的问题之一。因此，在本文中，我们首次将孟德尔随机化（MR）与表达定量性状位点（eQTL）和蛋白质定量性状位点（pQTL）数据整合在一起，以确定前列腺炎的新型治疗靶点及其潜在的代谢机制：方法：从在线数据库中下载与前列腺炎相关的遗传数据、eQTL、pQTL 和 1400 种代谢物。应用MR或基于数据摘要的MR（SMR）分析评估暴露与预测结果之间的潜在因果关系。为了评估结果的稳健性，我们采用了多向性分析、异质性分析和排除分析等方法进行了敏感性分析：基于我们的研究结果，我们首先在五个独立数据集（一个发现数据集和四个验证数据集）中发现并验证了GNLY是一个新型顺式-eQTL和顺式-pQTL介导的降低前列腺炎风险的易感基因（均为p 结论：我们成功地发现了GNLY是一个新型顺式-eQTL和顺式-pQTL介导的降低前列腺炎风险的易感基因：我们成功地发现了GNLY是一种新型的顺式-eQTL和顺式-pQTL介导的易感基因，它通过调节鞘磷脂（d18:0/20:0, d16:0/22:0）水平来抑制前列腺炎及其潜在的代谢机制，从而提供了一种新型的治疗靶点，并为今后GNLY在前列腺炎中的相关研究铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0