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Retinopatía hipertensiva unilateral producida por consumo de cocaína 使用可卡因导致的单侧高血压视网膜病变
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.12.007
B. Juan Ribelles , R. Burggraaf de las Matas , J. Pérez Zaballos
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引用次数: 0
Afectación iatrogénica de la motilidad ocular por fármacos antitumorales inhibidores de los puntos de control 抗肿瘤检查点抑制剂药物对眼球运动的先天性损害
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.10.010
H. Fernández Jiménez-Ortiz , B. Maroto Rodríguez , R. Lapuente Monjas , R. Sampedro Yáñez , I. Sánchez Santos , N. Toledano Fernández

Cancer therapy relies on new antitumoral drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), which produce long-lasting anti-tumor responses and lengthen survival, but cause autoimmune-type toxicity. The clinical characteristics induced by ICI are not well characterized to date and careful collection of clinical data is required to accurately define its safety profile.

We conducted a literature search in the main clinical search engines to identify pharmacological ocular iatrogenic events of ICIs related to ocular motility. Four systematic reviews were found that included this type of ocular iatrogenesis as well as numerous isolated case reports. Reported adverse effects include: oculomotor paresis, optic neuropathy, optic atrophy, myastheniform syndromes, thyroid pseudo-orbitopathy, orbital apex syndrome, and hypophysitis. Most were managed without interruption or with partial interruption of cancer treatment. Aggressive systemic treatments were required for adequate management of ocular iatrogenic events.

It is essential that the ophthalmologist become familiar with the new ICI oncological treatments, capable of causing severe and disabling motilidad ocular iatrogenesis for the patient. The communication of adverse effects and the report of the treatments used can help the most appropriate management of these patients. Research should be oriented towards complex differential diagnosis and to optimize decisions on cancer treatments.

癌症治疗依赖于被称为免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)的新型抗肿瘤药物,这些药物可产生持久的抗肿瘤反应并延长生存期,但会引起自身免疫型毒性。我们在主要的临床搜索引擎中进行了文献检索,以确定 ICIs 与眼球运动相关的药理学眼部先天性事件。我们在主要的临床搜索引擎中进行了文献检索,以确定与眼球运动有关的 ICIs 药理眼部先天性事件,结果发现有四篇系统综述包含了此类眼部先天性事件,以及大量孤立的病例报告。报告的不良反应包括:眼球运动麻痹、视神经病变、视神经萎缩、肌萎缩综合征、甲状腺假性轨道病、眶顶综合征和肾上腺皮质功能减退症。大多数患者在未中断或部分中断癌症治疗的情况下得到了控制。眼科医生必须熟悉新的 ICI 肿瘤治疗方法,因为这些治疗方法可能会给患者造成严重的眼部先天性运动障碍。不良反应的交流和所用治疗方法的报告有助于对这些患者进行最适当的管理。研究应面向复杂的鉴别诊断,优化癌症治疗决策。
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引用次数: 0
Utilidad del estudio del complejo de células ganglionares de la mácula mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica en el diagnóstico de progresión del glaucoma 通过光学相干断层扫描研究黄斑部神经节细胞复合体在诊断青光眼进展中的作用。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.11.002
I. Munuera , E. Gándara-Rodríguez de Campoamor , J. Moreno-Montañés

Introduction

The aim of this work is to evaluate the usefulness of the study of the ganglion cell complex of the macula using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to estimate the progression of glaucoma according to its severity.

Material and methods

This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. It includes 205 eyes of 131 patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension followed for a mean of 5.7 years. The parameters and rates of three tests have been analyzed using the progression software of each instrument: visual field, OCT in the ganglion cell complex of the macula and in the nerve fiber layer of the optic nerve. The results of each test, the concordance between them and how they differ according to severity stage have been evaluated.

Results

Visual field classifies more cases of progression in moderate-advanced glaucoma, while in mild glaucoma its capacity is limited. Optic nerve fiber layer OCT classifies more cases of progression in mild glaucoma than in moderate-advanced glaucoma, as it is artifacted by the floor effect. OCT of the macular ganglion cell complex is the test that classifies more cases of progression and has the highest agreement with visual field, regardless of severity.

Conclusion

The study of the macula ganglion cell complex using OCT could be a better biomarker of progression than the study of the optic nerve fiber layer, at any stage of glaucoma.

导言:这项工作的目的是评估使用光学相干断层扫描(OCT)研究黄斑部神经节细胞复合体对根据青光眼严重程度估计青光眼进展的有用性。研究对象包括 131 名青光眼或眼压过高患者的 205 只眼睛,平均随访时间为 5.7 年。使用每种仪器的进展软件分析了三种测试的参数和比率:视野、黄斑神经节细胞复合体和视神经神经纤维层的 OCT。结果视野对中晚期青光眼进展病例的分类较多,而对轻度青光眼的分类能力有限。视神经纤维层 OCT 对轻度青光眼进展病例的分类能力高于中度晚期青光眼,因为它受到地板效应的干扰。结论:在青光眼的任何阶段,使用 OCT 对黄斑神经节细胞复合体进行研究都比对视神经纤维层进行研究更能作为青光眼进展的生物标志。
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引用次数: 0
Rasgo de zónula anterior larga, lecciones aprendidas acerca de una infrecuente forma de cierre angular secundario: comunicación de un caso 长前区特征,一种罕见的继发性角闭合的经验教训:病例报告。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.12.002
J. González Martín-Moro , Y. Fernández Miguel , C. Izquierdo Rodríguez , V. Miralles Pechuán , K. Villar Zarra , M. Castro Rebollo

A 62-year-old black woman with uncontrolled chronic narrow-angle glaucoma on 3-drug therapy underwent phaco-non-perforating deep sclerectomy of her left eye. During surgery it was revealed that she had long zonule trait. She later required goniopuncture and conjuntival needling, presenting an iris synechia on the goniopuncture that could be reduced conservatively. Long anterior zonule trait should be suspected in those patients presenting with a combination of narrow angle and pigment dispersion syndrome. The management of ocular hypertension and glaucoma associated to this trait is not protocolized. This communication discusses on the best action in this rare form of glaucoma.

一位 62 岁的黑人妇女患有无法控制的慢性窄角青光眼,在接受 3 种药物治疗后,她接受了左眼无孔深巩膜切除术。手术过程中发现她有长虹膜特征。后来,她需要进行虹膜穿刺和结膜针刺,虹膜穿刺时出现虹膜裂孔,但可以通过保守治疗缩小裂孔。对于合并有窄角和色素分散综合征的患者,应怀疑其有长前区特征。与这种特质相关的眼压升高和青光眼的治疗还没有规范。这篇通讯讨论了这种罕见青光眼的最佳治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Detección y caracterización de defectos del campo visual mediante perimetría Octopus en glaucoma congénito primario 原发性先天性青光眼患者视野缺损的八爪鱼周边测量法检测和定性。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.10.014
L. Morales-Fernández , J.M. Martínez-de-la-Casa , F. Sáenz-Francés , P. Pérez-García , L. Borrego-Sanz , J. García-Feijóo

Purpose

To detect and characterise visual field (VF) defects using static Octopus perimetry in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and to determine VF quality and time duration.

Material and methods

Eighty-eight eyes of 70 patients diagnosed with PCG were included. Assessments were performed using an Octopus 900 and each eye was assessed with the tendency-oriented perimetry (G-TOP) algorithm. Quantitative VF data were collected: quality data (false positive and negative response, and time duration) and results of mean deviation (MD) and square root of loss variance (sLV). Qualitative data were collected: the presence of diffuse and localized defects, the affected hemifield and grade of defects using the Aulhorn and Karmeyer classification. Correlations between perimetric results and clinical variables were analysed.

Results

Median age was 11 (8-17) years. 65.9% (58/88) of PCG eyes showed VF defects. Diffuse defects were observed in 10/58 eyes (16.94%) (mean MD = 23.92 [SD: 2.52]) dB) and localized defects in 48/58 eyes (82.75%). The most frequent defect was spot-like/stroke-like/incipient paracentral scotoma (n = 15), nasal step (n = 8), adding arcuate defect (n = 2), half ring-shaped (n = 13) and concentric defect with a central island (n = 9). And the most frequent affected visual hemifield was inferior hemifield. Mean test duration was 2 min 12 s (SD: 21.6 s). MD and sLV values were correlated with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cup to disc ratio and number of antiglaucoma surgeries (all P < .001).

Conclusion

A high number of diffuse and localized defects were identified using Octopus perimetry in PCG patients. The most frequent defect was paracentral scotoma and inferior hemifield was the most affected.

目的 使用静态八达通验光仪检测原发性先天性青光眼(PCG)患者的视野(VF)缺陷并确定其特征,同时确定 VF 的质量和持续时间。使用 Octopus 900 进行评估,每只眼均使用趋势导向型验光仪 (G-TOP) 算法进行评估。收集的 VF 定量数据包括:质量数据(假阳性和假阴性反应以及持续时间)、平均偏差(MD)和损失方差平方根(sLV)的结果。收集的定性数据包括:是否存在弥漫性和局部性缺损、受影响的半视野以及采用 Aulhorn 和 Karmeyer 分类法得出的缺损等级。结果平均年龄为 11(8-17)岁。65.9%(58/88)的 PCG 眼睛出现 VF 缺陷。在 10/58 只眼睛(16.94%)中观察到弥漫性缺陷(平均 MD = 23.92 [SD: 2.52]) dB),在 48/58 只眼睛(82.75%)中观察到局部缺陷。最常见的缺损是点状/卒中样/原发性旁中心视网膜障(15 例)、鼻阶(8 例)、弧形缺损(2 例)、半环形(13 例)和带中心岛的同心圆缺损(9 例)。最常受影响的视半球是下半球。平均测试时间为 2 分 12 秒(标准差:21.6 秒)。MD 和 sLV 值与最佳矫正视力 (BCVA)、杯盘比和抗青光眼手术次数相关(均为 P < .001)。最常见的缺陷是旁中心视网膜障,下半视野受影响最大。
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引用次数: 0
PHOMS: ¿ha llegado el momento de cambiar el acrónimo? PHOMS:现在是改变缩写的时候了吗?
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.10.002
J. González Martín-Moro
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引用次数: 0
La gran ola epitelial: un caso de insuficiencia límbica 上皮大浪:肢体衰竭的一个案例
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.11.006
D. Oliver-Gutiérrez , G. Segura-Duch , J.J. Puig Galy
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引用次数: 0
XEN® 45 en el manejo quirúrgico del glaucoma en fases tempranas: estudio nacional de consenso según metodología Delphi XEN® 45 在早期青光眼手术治疗中的应用:根据德尔菲方法进行的全国共识研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.10.016
J.M. Larrosa , J.M. Martínez-de-la-Casa , R. Giménez Gómez , F.J. Goñi , E. Milla , M. Pazos , S. Perucho Martínez , J.A. Urcola Carrera

Background and objective

Recommendations on general glaucoma management and the use of early minimally invasive and microincisional surgeries are limited. This study aimed to establish consensus regarding glaucoma management, focusing on the XEN-45 gel stent implant.

Methods

A Delphi consensus-driven process was used. The scientific committee led the study, identified the expert panel, and participated in elaborating the questionnaire. Fifty-one panelists were invited to complete, on a nine-point Likert scale, an 89-item questionnaire covering three topic blocks. Two Delphi rounds were performed. Consensus was achieved if ≥66.6% of panelists reached agreement or disagreement.

Results

Panelists agreed on 84 items related to the patients’ quality of life, the therapeutic algorithm and patient profile, and surgical and pre- and post-operative management. Panelists agreed on the suitability of XEN stent implants to treat glaucoma at different stages and for different patient profiles: young patients, elderly or with significant comorbidities, and with myopic glaucoma, patients who failed previous surgeries, and with previous poor post-operative experience. XEN surgery was considered a therapeutic step prior to classic filtering surgery and a possible first surgical option in elderly patients with comorbidities and uncontrolled intraocular pressure. XEN surgery allows the patient to return to routine daily activities faster than conventional filtering surgeries and to reduce and/or eliminate topical treatments.

Conclusions

This Delphi-driven consensus resulted in a series of general recommendations for glaucoma management, including those related to patient quality of life, therapeutic algorithm, and patient profile, and specific ones regarding the use of XEN stent gel surgery.

背景和目的关于一般青光眼管理以及早期微创和微切口手术使用的建议很有限。本研究旨在就青光眼管理达成共识,重点关注 XEN-45 凝胶支架植入物。科学委员会领导了这项研究,确定了专家小组,并参与了调查问卷的制定。51名专家组成员应邀以李克特九点量表完成了涵盖三个主题块的89个项目的调查问卷。共进行了两轮德尔菲调查。结果小组成员就患者生活质量、治疗方案和患者概况、手术和术前术后管理等 84 个项目达成了一致意见。专家组成员一致认为,XEN支架植入术适合治疗不同阶段和不同类型的青光眼患者:年轻患者、老年患者或有严重并发症的患者、近视性青光眼患者、既往手术失败的患者以及术后效果不佳的患者。XEN手术被认为是传统滤过手术之前的一个治疗步骤,也是有合并症和眼压无法控制的老年患者的第一手术选择。与传统的滤过性手术相比,XEN手术能让患者更快地恢复日常活动,并减少和/或消除局部治疗。结论此次德尔菲共识提出了一系列青光眼管理的一般性建议,包括与患者生活质量、治疗算法和患者情况相关的建议,以及与使用XEN支架凝胶手术相关的具体建议。
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引用次数: 0
Intrusión de cerclaje epiescleral de silicona tras crioterapia 冷冻疗法后的硅胶巩膜环侵入
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.11.007
N. Ruiz del Rio, F. Garcia Ibor, A.M. Duch Samper
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引用次数: 0
Efectos secundarios oculares de las terapias oncológicas. Revisión 癌症疗法对眼睛的副作用。回顾
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2023.09.008
M. Asencio-Durán, E. Fernández-Gutiérrez, M. Larrañaga-Cores, C. Klein-Burgos, J.V. Dabad-Moreno, M. Capote-Díez

With the advance of cancer therapy in recent years, the knowledge of the mechanisms involved in this disease has increased, which has meant an increase in the quality of life and survival of patients with tumor pathologies previously considered incurable or refractory to treatment. The number of drugs used has increased exponentially in number, and although the implicit toxicity is lower than that of conventional antineoplastic therapy, they lead to the appearance of new associated adverse effects that the ophthalmologist must recognize and manage.

近年来,随着癌症治疗的发展,人们对这种疾病的相关机制有了更多的了解,这意味着以前被认为无法治愈或难治的肿瘤病理患者的生活质量和存活率得到了提高。所使用的药物数量成倍增加,虽然其隐性毒性低于传统的抗肿瘤疗法,但它们导致了新的相关不良反应的出现,眼科医生必须认识并处理这些不良反应。
{"title":"Efectos secundarios oculares de las terapias oncológicas. Revisión","authors":"M. Asencio-Durán,&nbsp;E. Fernández-Gutiérrez,&nbsp;M. Larrañaga-Cores,&nbsp;C. Klein-Burgos,&nbsp;J.V. Dabad-Moreno,&nbsp;M. Capote-Díez","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2023.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2023.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the advance of cancer therapy in recent years, the knowledge of the mechanisms involved in this disease has increased, which has meant an increase in the quality of life and survival of patients with tumor pathologies previously considered incurable or refractory to treatment. The number of drugs used has increased exponentially in number, and although the implicit toxicity is lower than that of conventional antineoplastic therapy, they lead to the appearance of new associated adverse effects that the ophthalmologist must recognize and manage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136160726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia
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