Pub Date : 2025-02-19DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742324
Márcio Fabiano de Souza , Walter Quadros Seiffert , Rodrigo Schveitzer , Marco Shizuo Owatari , Frank Belletini
The study assessed a method for synchronizing molting in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) postlarvae (PLs) by lowering salinity to prevent molting during the transportation and storage of PLs. For this purpose, 96,000 L. vannamei (PL15 average length of 9.1 ± 1.2 mm) were randomly distributed into eight experimental units (12,000 per unit/60 PLs L−1), composed of 200 L circular polyethylene tanks, and subjected to two treatments: a control group without acclimatization and a treatment group, in which the PLs were acclimated from 35 ‰ to 15 ‰ salinity for 24 h. During the experiment, 30 PLs were collected from each experimental unit every 6 h over a period of 66 h to determine the molting stages. Acclimatization to salinity led to a significantly higher number of PLs in the final pre-molting stage (F-PrM). A decrease in water salinity led to a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the occurrence of PLs during the molting stage. The molting process was similar for both treatments. Salinity impacted the quantity of PLs in the F-PrM stage but did not accelerate the molting process. The number of complete molt cycles was consistent across the treatments (36–42 h). As a result, it is advised to harvest and transport L. vannamei PLs between 42–48 h from the start of acclimatization to avoid peaks of PLs close to molting, specifically in the F–PrM stage. This precaution can help prevent PLs from molting during transportation and enhance their survival rate.
{"title":"SHORT COMMUNICATION: Synchronous molting of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) postlarvae by reducing salinity: A strategy for acclimatization before transport","authors":"Márcio Fabiano de Souza , Walter Quadros Seiffert , Rodrigo Schveitzer , Marco Shizuo Owatari , Frank Belletini","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study assessed a method for synchronizing molting in Pacific white shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>) postlarvae (PLs) by lowering salinity to prevent molting during the transportation and storage of PLs. For this purpose, 96,000 <em>L. vannamei</em> (PL15 average length of 9.1 ± 1.2 mm) were randomly distributed into eight experimental units (12,000 per unit/60 PLs L<sup>−1</sup>), composed of 200 L circular polyethylene tanks, and subjected to two treatments: a control group without acclimatization and a treatment group, in which the PLs were acclimated from 35 ‰ to 15 ‰ salinity for 24 h. During the experiment, 30 PLs were collected from each experimental unit every 6 h over a period of 66 h to determine the molting stages. Acclimatization to salinity led to a significantly higher number of PLs in the final pre-molting stage (F-PrM). A decrease in water salinity led to a significant increase (<em>p</em> < 0.05) in the occurrence of PLs during the molting stage. The molting process was similar for both treatments. Salinity impacted the quantity of PLs in the F-PrM stage but did not accelerate the molting process. The number of complete molt cycles was consistent across the treatments (36–42 h). As a result, it is advised to harvest and transport <em>L</em>. <em>vannamei</em> PLs between 42–48 h from the start of acclimatization to avoid peaks of PLs close to molting, specifically in the F–PrM stage. This precaution can help prevent PLs from molting during transportation and enhance their survival rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742309
Riying Deng , Shuangshuang Mao , Xiaoran Feng , Yuanyuan Li , Na Li , Lunguang Yao , Yinghui Qin
Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) is one of the leading threats to largemouth bass farming and there is an urgent need for anti-MSRV drug development. Baicalein, a trihydroxyflavone, isolated from Scutellaria baicaleinsis (Huangqin), possesses numerous pharmacological properties, including widespread antiviral activities. This study aimed to determine the role of baicalein in MSRV replication and to investigate its underlying mechanisms. Cell viability and drug treatment assays showed that baicalein significantly inhibited MSRV replication at the concentration range of 4–40 μM without obvious cytotoxicity. Pretreatment assay indicated that treating EPC cells with baicalein before MSRV infection has no significant inhibition on MSRV replication, suggesting the antiviral action of baicalein might not target to MSRV receptor or induce host cells to produce antiviral factors. Time of addition assays suggested that baicalein is effective throughout the entire MSRV life cycle, particularly in the early stage. Further studies showed that baicalein inhibited both the attachment of MSRV and its release processes. The direct virucidal assay revealed baicalein directly attenuated MSRV infectivity, which may partly account for its anti-MSRV effect. In vivo experiments showed that baicalein significantly improved the survival rate of MSRV-challenged fish by 35.0 %. Altogether, baicalein exhibited a strong anti-MSRV activity and might be a promising therapeutic drug against MSRV infection.
{"title":"Baicalein inhibits Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus replication in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Riying Deng , Shuangshuang Mao , Xiaoran Feng , Yuanyuan Li , Na Li , Lunguang Yao , Yinghui Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Micropterus salmoides</em> rhabdovirus (MSRV) is one of the leading threats to largemouth bass farming and there is an urgent need for anti-MSRV drug development. Baicalein, a trihydroxyflavone, isolated from <em>Scutellaria baicaleinsis</em> (Huangqin), possesses numerous pharmacological properties, including widespread antiviral activities. This study aimed to determine the role of baicalein in MSRV replication and to investigate its underlying mechanisms. Cell viability and drug treatment assays showed that baicalein significantly inhibited MSRV replication at the concentration range of 4–40 μM without obvious cytotoxicity. Pretreatment assay indicated that treating EPC cells with baicalein before MSRV infection has no significant inhibition on MSRV replication, suggesting the antiviral action of baicalein might not target to MSRV receptor or induce host cells to produce antiviral factors. Time of addition assays suggested that baicalein is effective throughout the entire MSRV life cycle, particularly in the early stage. Further studies showed that baicalein inhibited both the attachment of MSRV and its release processes. The direct virucidal assay revealed baicalein directly attenuated MSRV infectivity, which may partly account for its anti-MSRV effect. In vivo experiments showed that baicalein significantly improved the survival rate of MSRV-challenged fish by 35.0 %. Altogether, baicalein exhibited a strong anti-MSRV activity and might be a promising therapeutic drug against MSRV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742313
Jinhai Bai , Yan Tang , Xinyi Deng , Zhengkun Liu , Siyang Li , Enkui Hu , Ling Xiong , Wanjing Peng , Xu Huang , Chongqing Wang , Xidan Xu , Xiaowei Xu , Kun Zhang , Yue Zhou , Qinbo Qin , Shaojun Liu
To investigate the muscle quality differences and their underlying mechanisms among grass carp with different genetic backgrounds, this study analyzed muscle quality traits, volatile metabolomics, and transcriptomic of gynogenetic grass carp (GGC), disease-resistant grass carp (DRGC) and grass carp (GC). Compared to GC, the muscle of GGC exhibited higher water-holding capacity, hardness, and chewiness, while DRGC displayed greater gumminess in its muscle (P < 0.05). Using GC × GC-TOFMS analysis, a total of 2826 volatile flavor compounds (VFCs) were identified, with significant differences observed in VFCs types and relative abundances among the three varieties. Through multivariate statistical analysis, 296 differential VFCs were screened (VIP > 1, P < 0.05). By combining relative odor activity values (ROAVs), seven characteristic VFCs (VIP > 1, ROAV >0.1) were further identified as potential markers for variety discrimination and quality evaluation. Transcriptomic analysis, including differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis, identified several potential key genes, including sirt1, hsdl2, capzb, nmnat1, atic, stbd1, and arfgap3, which may influence the formation of characteristic flavor through regulating target metabolic pathways. This study revealed the flavor profiles of GGC and DRGC, and explored the potential mechanisms of characteristic flavor formation, providing scientific insights for improving muscle flavor through breeding.
{"title":"Integrated volatile metabolomics and transcriptomics provide insights into the formation of characteristic flavor in gynogenetic grass carp and its offspring","authors":"Jinhai Bai , Yan Tang , Xinyi Deng , Zhengkun Liu , Siyang Li , Enkui Hu , Ling Xiong , Wanjing Peng , Xu Huang , Chongqing Wang , Xidan Xu , Xiaowei Xu , Kun Zhang , Yue Zhou , Qinbo Qin , Shaojun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the muscle quality differences and their underlying mechanisms among grass carp with different genetic backgrounds, this study analyzed muscle quality traits, volatile metabolomics, and transcriptomic of gynogenetic grass carp (GGC), disease-resistant grass carp (DRGC) and grass carp (GC). Compared to GC, the muscle of GGC exhibited higher water-holding capacity, hardness, and chewiness, while DRGC displayed greater gumminess in its muscle (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Using GC × GC-TOFMS analysis, a total of 2826 volatile flavor compounds (VFCs) were identified, with significant differences observed in VFCs types and relative abundances among the three varieties. Through multivariate statistical analysis, 296 differential VFCs were screened (VIP > 1, <em>P</em> < 0.05). By combining relative odor activity values (ROAVs), seven characteristic VFCs (VIP > 1, ROAV >0.1) were further identified as potential markers for variety discrimination and quality evaluation. Transcriptomic analysis, including differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis, identified several potential key genes, including sirt1, hsdl2, capzb, nmnat1, atic, stbd1, and arfgap3, which may influence the formation of characteristic flavor through regulating target metabolic pathways. This study revealed the flavor profiles of GGC and DRGC, and explored the potential mechanisms of characteristic flavor formation, providing scientific insights for improving muscle flavor through breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742314
Rui-Geng Niu, Cheng-Ming Yin, Jia-Yu Si, Meng-Di Tang, Jiang-Feng Lan
Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world, and it has been detected in aquatic environments. However, the toxicity mechanism of glyphosate is not fully understood, especially its target in animals. This study investigates the impact of glyphosate exposure on Procambarus clarkii (crayfish) and explores the underlying biological mechanisms. The results demonstrate that glyphosate exposure significantly alters crayfish behavior and causes histopathological damage. Further analysis revealed that glyphosate exposure induces hypoxia and notably reduces the expression of hemocyanin (HMC). Glyphosate was found to directly bind to hemocyanin, potentially reducing its oxygen-carrying capacity. Glyphosate exposure activated the MAPK-AP1 signaling pathway, which subsequently modulated the transcription of hemocyanin subunits through the transcription factor AP1, likely playing a role in the regulation of hemocyanin production. Glyphosate exposure also disrupted the microbial composition of crayfish hemolymph, affecting both microbial load and diversity. This study provides novel insights into the complex toxicological effects of glyphosate on crayfish, revealing its interference with hemocyanin function and microbiome composition, and underscores the need for further research into its broader ecological consequences.
{"title":"Exposure to glyphosate causes hypoxia in crustaceans by targeting hemocyanin","authors":"Rui-Geng Niu, Cheng-Ming Yin, Jia-Yu Si, Meng-Di Tang, Jiang-Feng Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world, and it has been detected in aquatic environments. However, the toxicity mechanism of glyphosate is not fully understood, especially its target in animals. This study investigates the impact of glyphosate exposure on <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> (crayfish) and explores the underlying biological mechanisms. The results demonstrate that glyphosate exposure significantly alters crayfish behavior and causes histopathological damage. Further analysis revealed that glyphosate exposure induces hypoxia and notably reduces the expression of hemocyanin (HMC). Glyphosate was found to directly bind to hemocyanin, potentially reducing its oxygen-carrying capacity. Glyphosate exposure activated the MAPK-AP1 signaling pathway, which subsequently modulated the transcription of hemocyanin subunits through the transcription factor AP1, likely playing a role in the regulation of hemocyanin production. Glyphosate exposure also disrupted the microbial composition of crayfish hemolymph, affecting both microbial load and diversity. This study provides novel insights into the complex toxicological effects of glyphosate on crayfish, revealing its interference with hemocyanin function and microbiome composition, and underscores the need for further research into its broader ecological consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"602 ","pages":"Article 742314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742311
Lin Du , Yuning Hu , Siyu Lu , Xuguang Li , Jiajia Li , Hai Lin , Jiaxin Yang , Yu Xu , Zhiqiang Xu
The hepatopancreas plays a crucial role in synthesizing yolk substances during ovarian development in crustaceans, but the diverse types of hepatopancreas cells and their specific roles in ovarian development in Procambarus clarkii remain unclear. During ovarian development, the hepatopancreatic index increased from 6.5 % to 8.14 % between stages I and IV, then decreased to 4.35 % by stage VI. To reveal the heterogeneity of hepatopancreas cells and their association with ovarian development in P. clarkii, single-cell transcriptome sequencing was performed on the hepatopancreas from three distinct phases of ovarian development: the large growth phase (stage III), the mature phase (stage V), and the recovery phase (stage VI), analyzing a total of 16,626 cells. The cells were classified into five types: R-cells, E-cells, B-cells, F-cells, and M-cells. R-cells had the highest proportion (52.86 %), followed by E-cells (24.68 %). The proportion of R-cells varied from 65.10 % at stage III to 26.42 % at stage V, and 50.62 % at stage VI. Pseudo-time analysis indicated that E-cells were the first to differentiate, gradually giving rise to other cell types. Key pathways related to ovarian development were enriched in R- and E-cells, such as “oxidative phosphorythlation”, “protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum” and “antigen processing and presentation”. By screening for differentially expressed genes within these pathways, potential functional marker genes linked to ovarian development in the hepatopancreas were identified and validated through qPCR, including Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase and Vitelline Membrane Outer Layer Protein I. These findings may provide insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing ovarian development in crustaceans.
{"title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the heterogeneity of hepatopancreas cells and their association with gonadal development in the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii","authors":"Lin Du , Yuning Hu , Siyu Lu , Xuguang Li , Jiajia Li , Hai Lin , Jiaxin Yang , Yu Xu , Zhiqiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hepatopancreas plays a crucial role in synthesizing yolk substances during ovarian development in crustaceans, but the diverse types of hepatopancreas cells and their specific roles in ovarian development in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> remain unclear. During ovarian development, the hepatopancreatic index increased from 6.5 % to 8.14 % between stages I and IV, then decreased to 4.35 % by stage VI. To reveal the heterogeneity of hepatopancreas cells and their association with ovarian development in <em>P. clarkii</em>, single-cell transcriptome sequencing was performed on the hepatopancreas from three distinct phases of ovarian development: the large growth phase (stage III), the mature phase (stage V), and the recovery phase (stage VI), analyzing a total of 16,626 cells. The cells were classified into five types: R-cells, <em>E</em>-cells, B-cells, F-cells, and M-cells. R-cells had the highest proportion (52.86 %), followed by E-cells (24.68 %). The proportion of R-cells varied from 65.10 % at stage III to 26.42 % at stage V, and 50.62 % at stage VI. Pseudo-time analysis indicated that <em>E</em>-cells were the first to differentiate, gradually giving rise to other cell types. Key pathways related to ovarian development were enriched in R- and <em>E</em>-cells, such as “oxidative phosphorythlation”, “protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum” and “antigen processing and presentation”. By screening for differentially expressed genes within these pathways, potential functional marker genes linked to ovarian development in the hepatopancreas were identified and validated through qPCR, including <em>Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase</em> and <em>Vitelline Membrane Outer Layer Protein I</em>. These findings may provide insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing ovarian development in crustaceans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742312
Shujian Chen , Jiahao Liu , Ce Shi , Herve Migaud , Xuelin Zhao , Qingyang Wu , Yangfang Ye , Ronghua Li , Weiwei Song , Changkao Mu , Chunlin Wang
Molting is an important physiological trait in crustaceans, through which they can realize metamorphosis, growth, and reproduction. In this study, the diurnal differences in molting of Scylla paramamosain were investigated with a 9-week experiment, and the temporal transcriptome was introduced to investigate the potential roles of circadian clock in entraining the molting rhythm. The results conducted from 6 molting cycles showed that crabs exposed to a simulated natural photoperiod (SNP, 12 L:12D) molted primarily during the nocturnal phase (61.54 % - 82.50 %), which is significantly higher than daytime (26.82 ± 7.20 % vs. 73.18 ± 7.20 %) (P < 0.05). The melatonin and ecdysone content in the haemolymph of crabs reared under SNP conditions exhibited obvious daily rhythms (P < 0.05); phase analysis showed that the melatonin content reached its peak at ZT0/ZT24, and the ecdysone content peaked during the photophase. Temporal transcriptome analysis from crabs exposed to natural photoperiod revealed that 4296 expressed genes (38.34 %) displayed significant daily rhythmicity. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that rhythmic expressed genes were mainly involved in catalytic activity on nucleic acid, ribosome biogenesis, mitochondrial protein-containing complex, protein acetylation, and pathways such as mRNA biogenesis, ribosome biogenesis, spliceosome, DNA repair, and cell cycle. In addition, diurnal expressed genes (peak at ZT0/ZT24-ZT8) mainly included methyltransferase activity, ATP hydrolysis activity, chromatin binding, and protein methyltransferase activity terms. Nocturnal expressed genes (peak at ZT12-ZT20) were primarily involved in spliceosome, arginine biosynthesis, circadian rhythm, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and nitrogen metabolism, which providing insight into the circadian entrainment of crustacean molting. Moreover, the expression of circadian clock-related genes (cry1, cry2, period, clock, and cycle), 20E signaling pathway-related genes (rxr, hr4, ftzf1), and chitin metabolism-related genes (g6pi, gna, pagm, pgm, chit, and nag) displayed significant diurnal oscillations (P < 0.05). Overall, the present research confirmed that the molting of S. paramamosain under natural photoperiod display a daily rhythm, that may be entrained by the rhythmic expression of genes involved in circadian clock, arginine biosynthesis and chitin metabolism pathways.
{"title":"Temporal transcriptome analysis provides molecular insights into night-time molting of juvenile mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)","authors":"Shujian Chen , Jiahao Liu , Ce Shi , Herve Migaud , Xuelin Zhao , Qingyang Wu , Yangfang Ye , Ronghua Li , Weiwei Song , Changkao Mu , Chunlin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molting is an important physiological trait in crustaceans, through which they can realize metamorphosis, growth, and reproduction. In this study, the diurnal differences in molting of <em>Scylla paramamosain</em> were investigated with a 9-week experiment, and the temporal transcriptome was introduced to investigate the potential roles of circadian clock in entraining the molting rhythm. The results conducted from 6 molting cycles showed that crabs exposed to a simulated natural photoperiod (SNP, 12 L:12D) molted primarily during the nocturnal phase (61.54 % - 82.50 %), which is significantly higher than daytime (26.82 ± 7.20 % vs. 73.18 ± 7.20 %) (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The melatonin and ecdysone content in the haemolymph of crabs reared under SNP conditions exhibited obvious daily rhythms (<em>P</em> < 0.05); phase analysis showed that the melatonin content reached its peak at ZT0/ZT24, and the ecdysone content peaked during the photophase. Temporal transcriptome analysis from crabs exposed to natural photoperiod revealed that 4296 expressed genes (38.34 %) displayed significant daily rhythmicity. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that rhythmic expressed genes were mainly involved in catalytic activity on nucleic acid, ribosome biogenesis, mitochondrial protein-containing complex, protein acetylation, and pathways such as mRNA biogenesis, ribosome biogenesis, spliceosome, DNA repair, and cell cycle. In addition, diurnal expressed genes (peak at ZT0/ZT24-ZT8) mainly included methyltransferase activity, ATP hydrolysis activity, chromatin binding, and protein methyltransferase activity terms. Nocturnal expressed genes (peak at ZT12-ZT20) were primarily involved in spliceosome, arginine biosynthesis, circadian rhythm, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and nitrogen metabolism, which providing insight into the circadian entrainment of crustacean molting. Moreover, the expression of circadian clock-related genes (<em>cry1</em>, <em>cry2</em>, <em>period</em>, <em>clock</em>, and <em>cycle</em>), 20E signaling pathway-related genes (<em>rxr</em>, <em>hr4</em>, <em>ftzf1</em>), and chitin metabolism-related genes (<em>g6pi</em>, <em>gna</em>, <em>pagm</em>, <em>pgm</em>, <em>chit</em>, and <em>nag</em>) displayed significant diurnal oscillations (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Overall, the present research confirmed that the molting of <em>S. paramamosain</em> under natural photoperiod display a daily rhythm, that may be entrained by the rhythmic expression of genes involved in circadian clock, arginine biosynthesis and chitin metabolism pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742287
Runzhen He , Xiaoming Chen , Ningyu Zhu, Qianrong Liang, Gaohua Yao, Quanquan Tian, Fan Zhou, Xueyan Ding
Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV), is a single-stranded RNA virus that results in mass morbidity and mortality in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), leading to severe economic losses for the largemouth bass aquaculture. To control outbreaks of MSRV disease, we investigated the influence of water temperature on the infectivity of MSRV and the resistance of largemouth bass to MSRV. In addition, we explored whether higher water temperature is an effective way to prevent outbreaks of MSRV disease. The rhabdovirus was added to three sterile pond water samples and incubated at 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C for 14 days. The viral load of each pond water sample was calculated by RT-qPCR, and the infectivity was evaluated by inoculating grass carp ovary cells with samples from each pond water. In addition, juvenile fish were challenged with the MSRV at different water temperatures (15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C). After the challenged, these juveniles were transferred to ponds with a water temperature ranging from 25 °C to 30 °C with different heating rates. The results showed that the number of viral copies decreased as temperature increased, and the viral copies in the 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C groups were lower than the detection threshold at 11, 7, and 3 dpi, respectively. The viral infectivity was significantly reduced in the 30 °C group, with infectivity lost at 5, 5, and 1 dpi in the 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C group, respectively. In addition, the fish mortality rates were 56.67 % ± 10.41 %, 73.33 % ± 5.77 %, 60 % ± 10 % and 5 % ± 5 % at 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C, respectively. The mortality rate of the juvenile fish decreased from 59.52 % ± 4.12 % to 14.28 % ± 7.14 %, and the viral copies decreased significantly in the liver, spleen, and kidney of the T2 group that was exposed to a temperature increase of 0.5 °C every 1 h from 25 °C to 30 °C. In conclusion, higher temperatures (30 °C) can reduce MSRV infectivity, and a low heating rate (0.5 °C every 1 h) exerts a synergistic antioxidant effect by enhancing SOD and CAT activity and improving host immunity, ultimately helping prevent outbreaks of MSRV disease in largemouth bass. These results can be applied to improve biosecurity practices in largemouth bass farms to control the outbreaks of MSRV disease.
{"title":"Raising temperature at lower heating rate is an effective way to prevent Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus disease","authors":"Runzhen He , Xiaoming Chen , Ningyu Zhu, Qianrong Liang, Gaohua Yao, Quanquan Tian, Fan Zhou, Xueyan Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Micropterus salmoides</em> rhabdovirus (MSRV), is a single-stranded RNA virus that results in mass morbidity and mortality in largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides)</em>, leading to severe economic losses for the largemouth bass aquaculture. To control outbreaks of MSRV disease, we investigated the influence of water temperature on the infectivity of MSRV and the resistance of largemouth bass to MSRV. In addition, we explored whether higher water temperature is an effective way to prevent outbreaks of MSRV disease. The rhabdovirus was added to three sterile pond water samples and incubated at 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C for 14 days. The viral load of each pond water sample was calculated by RT-qPCR, and the infectivity was evaluated by inoculating grass carp ovary cells with samples from each pond water. In addition, juvenile fish were challenged with the MSRV at different water temperatures (15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C). After the challenged, these juveniles were transferred to ponds with a water temperature ranging from 25 °C to 30 °C with different heating rates. The results showed that the number of viral copies decreased as temperature increased, and the viral copies in the 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C groups were lower than the detection threshold at 11, 7, and 3 dpi, respectively. The viral infectivity was significantly reduced in the 30 °C group, with infectivity lost at 5, 5, and 1 dpi in the 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C group, respectively. In addition, the fish mortality rates were 56.67 % ± 10.41 %, 73.33 % ± 5.77 %, 60 % ± 10 % and 5 % ± 5 % at 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C, respectively. The mortality rate of the juvenile fish decreased from 59.52 % ± 4.12 % to 14.28 % ± 7.14 %, and the viral copies decreased significantly in the liver, spleen, and kidney of the T2 group that was exposed to a temperature increase of 0.5 °C every 1 h from 25 °C to 30 °C. In conclusion, higher temperatures (30 °C) can reduce MSRV infectivity, and a low heating rate (0.5 °C every 1 h) exerts a synergistic antioxidant effect by enhancing SOD and CAT activity and improving host immunity, ultimately helping prevent outbreaks of MSRV disease in largemouth bass. These results can be applied to improve biosecurity practices in largemouth bass farms to control the outbreaks of MSRV disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742310
Shilong Dou , Gaowei Jiang , Ben Yang , Lingling Sun , Qi Li
Global warming has significantly impacted the aquaculture industry, creating an urgent need for genetic analysis of traits related to heat tolerance. Oysters are economically vital shellfish, but high summer temperatures cause severe mortality, challenging global aquaculture. Understanding the genetic basis of high-temperature tolerance in oysters and advancing genetic improvement strategies are crucial for rapidly developing heat-tolerant strains. The hybrid lines (GA) between the Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) ♀ and the Fujian oysters (Crassostrea angulata) ♂, as well as the self-cross progeny of these hybrids, have exhibited significant heat tolerance and notable phenotypic variation, making them excellent materials for genetic analysis. In this study, GA oysters that had undergone high-temperature selection for four generations were used as samples and subjected to heat stress experiments at their semi-lethal temperature (LT50, 42 °C). Genotyping through whole-genome resequencing identified 9,692,180 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 3,883,291 insertions/deletions (InDels). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed 17 SNPs and 14 InDels significantly associated with high-temperature resistance, identifying 25 candidate genes through gene annotation. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the candidate genes are associated with key biological processes such as phosphorylation, centrosome, kinase activity, and molecular adaptor activity. The focused 12 candidate genes were validated by RT-PCR in the sensitive and tolerant groups, identifying four essential regulatory genes (TIMP3, THH, SLC38A11, TRIM2) associated with protein synthesis, degradation, cell stability and other physiological processes related to heat tolerance in oysters. These findings provide valuable insights for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) breeding of heat-tolerant oysters.
{"title":"Genomic dissection of high-temperature resistance in hybrid oysters (Crassostrea gigas ♀ × C. angulata ♂) using SNP- and InDel-GWAS based on whole-genome resequencing","authors":"Shilong Dou , Gaowei Jiang , Ben Yang , Lingling Sun , Qi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming has significantly impacted the aquaculture industry, creating an urgent need for genetic analysis of traits related to heat tolerance. Oysters are economically vital shellfish, but high summer temperatures cause severe mortality, challenging global aquaculture. Understanding the genetic basis of high-temperature tolerance in oysters and advancing genetic improvement strategies are crucial for rapidly developing heat-tolerant strains. The hybrid lines (GA) between the Pacific oysters (<em>Crassostrea gigas</em>) ♀ and the Fujian oysters (<em>Crassostrea angulata</em>) <strong>♂</strong>, as well as the self-cross progeny of these hybrids, have exhibited significant heat tolerance and notable phenotypic variation, making them excellent materials for genetic analysis. In this study, GA oysters that had undergone high-temperature selection for four generations were used as samples and subjected to heat stress experiments at their semi-lethal temperature (LT<sub>50</sub>, 42 °C). Genotyping through whole-genome resequencing identified 9,692,180 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 3,883,291 insertions/deletions (InDels). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed 17 SNPs and 14 InDels significantly associated with high-temperature resistance, identifying 25 candidate genes through gene annotation. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the candidate genes are associated with key biological processes such as phosphorylation, centrosome, kinase activity, and molecular adaptor activity. The focused 12 candidate genes were validated by RT-PCR in the sensitive and tolerant groups, identifying four essential regulatory genes (<em>TIMP3</em>, <em>THH</em>, <em>SLC38A11</em>, <em>TRIM2</em>) associated with protein synthesis, degradation, cell stability and other physiological processes related to heat tolerance in oysters. These findings provide valuable insights for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) breeding of heat-tolerant oysters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742281
Melanie R. Boudreau , Shelby Rainbolt , Hunter Lister , Ali Diamond , Alison M. Lee , Peter J. Allen
Accelerometers capture detailed, real-time information over extended periods, offering perspective on the movements, physiology, and behavior of free-roaming animals in varying environments. Within economically significant aquaculture systems, acceleration can be used as a quantitative surrogate for metabolism and contribute data for energy models and fish welfare indices. For channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), the most commonly cultured fish in the United States, little is known about how various attachment types (either external or internal) might impact the acceleration-metabolism relationship or, for internally attached tags, how well fish can retain tags given the species' propensity to expel foreign objects. We placed accelerometers either internally or externally in channel catfish and took simultaneous measurements of acceleration and metabolic rate over increasing water velocities in a flume. For internal attachments, we also examined retention time of accelerometer units of varying shapes that had similar volumes (the manufacturer's original shape that was rectangular and designed for hydrodynamics while attached to an outer fin, a flattened cylindrical shape, and an oval shape). We found a distinct relationship between metabolism and acceleration in relation to water velocity given the location of accelerometer placement, with a 23 % lower metabolic rate and 43 % lower acceleration for fish with internal accelerometers compared to external accelerometers. This translated to a lower metabolic-ODBA relationship for internal accelerometers which is likely indicative of an effect of drag and tail undulations for units that were externally attached. When looking at retention, we found that the manufacturer's accelerometer shape drastically increased the chances of mortality over the course of 15 weeks (71 % mortality compared to 20 % for the oval shape and 8 % for the flattened cylinder). The odds of retention dropped by 66 %, 72 %, and 67 % for the oval, flattened cylindrical, and manufacturer's shapes over 10 weeks, respectively. Notably, channel catfish had a remarkable propensity to expel tags implanted into the peritoneal cavity, with no accelerometer tags retained after 15 weeks, a propensity which has been documented in other studies on catfish and in other species such as rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). We recommend that users determine acceleration-physiology relationships in relation to tag placement before broad scale use and that flattened cylindrical shapes are used for internal tags. This work further emphasizes the need for groundwork for biologging technology before it is used as a tool for improving management of aquaculture operations.
{"title":"Biologger attachment and retention in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)","authors":"Melanie R. Boudreau , Shelby Rainbolt , Hunter Lister , Ali Diamond , Alison M. Lee , Peter J. Allen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerometers capture detailed, real-time information over extended periods, offering perspective on the movements, physiology, and behavior of free-roaming animals in varying environments. Within economically significant aquaculture systems, acceleration can be used as a quantitative surrogate for metabolism and contribute data for energy models and fish welfare indices. For channel catfish (<em>Ictalurus punctatus</em>), the most commonly cultured fish in the United States, little is known about how various attachment types (either external or internal) might impact the acceleration-metabolism relationship or, for internally attached tags, how well fish can retain tags given the species' propensity to expel foreign objects. We placed accelerometers either internally or externally in channel catfish and took simultaneous measurements of acceleration and metabolic rate over increasing water velocities in a flume. For internal attachments, we also examined retention time of accelerometer units of varying shapes that had similar volumes (the manufacturer's original shape that was rectangular and designed for hydrodynamics while attached to an outer fin, a flattened cylindrical shape, and an oval shape). We found a distinct relationship between metabolism and acceleration in relation to water velocity given the location of accelerometer placement, with a 23 % lower metabolic rate and 43 % lower acceleration for fish with internal accelerometers compared to external accelerometers. This translated to a lower metabolic-ODBA relationship for internal accelerometers which is likely indicative of an effect of drag and tail undulations for units that were externally attached. When looking at retention, we found that the manufacturer's accelerometer shape drastically increased the chances of mortality over the course of 15 weeks (71 % mortality compared to 20 % for the oval shape and 8 % for the flattened cylinder). The odds of retention dropped by 66 %, 72 %, and 67 % for the oval, flattened cylindrical, and manufacturer's shapes over 10 weeks, respectively. Notably, channel catfish had a remarkable propensity to expel tags implanted into the peritoneal cavity, with no accelerometer tags retained after 15 weeks, a propensity which has been documented in other studies on catfish and in other species such as rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>). We recommend that users determine acceleration-physiology relationships in relation to tag placement before broad scale use and that flattened cylindrical shapes are used for internal tags. This work further emphasizes the need for groundwork for biologging technology before it is used as a tool for improving management of aquaculture operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742303
Hakjong Shin, Taehyun Park, Seng-Kyoun Jo, Jae Young Jung
This study evaluated flow-through aquaculture systems by assessing the efficiency of various machine learning algorithms for imputing missing water-quality data, including dissolved oxygen, water temperature, pH, and salinity. Artificial missing data were generated based on real-world missing data mechanisms, and a comprehensive statistical analysis of the data characteristics was conducted to identify suitable imputation methods. Results showed that basic imputation methods like linear interpolation, often insufficient for datasets with high variability and non-linear relationships, performed well for certain data distributions, particularly for salinity and pH data with high kurtosis and symmetric distributions. However, advanced machine learning-based imputation techniques, especially TimesNet, consistently outperformed other methods in handling complex and variable patterns in the water-quality data. This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate imputation methods based on data properties to enhance environmental monitoring systems in aquaculture and improve operational efficiency and sustainability.
{"title":"Enhancing flow-through aquaculture system monitoring: A comparative study of machine learning algorithms for missing-data imputation","authors":"Hakjong Shin, Taehyun Park, Seng-Kyoun Jo, Jae Young Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated flow-through aquaculture systems by assessing the efficiency of various machine learning algorithms for imputing missing water-quality data, including dissolved oxygen, water temperature, pH, and salinity. Artificial missing data were generated based on real-world missing data mechanisms, and a comprehensive statistical analysis of the data characteristics was conducted to identify suitable imputation methods. Results showed that basic imputation methods like linear interpolation, often insufficient for datasets with high variability and non-linear relationships, performed well for certain data distributions, particularly for salinity and pH data with high kurtosis and symmetric distributions. However, advanced machine learning-based imputation techniques, especially TimesNet, consistently outperformed other methods in handling complex and variable patterns in the water-quality data. This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate imputation methods based on data properties to enhance environmental monitoring systems in aquaculture and improve operational efficiency and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"601 ","pages":"Article 742303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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