Aquaculture最新文献_第7页

Marker genes identification and functional characterization of thrombocytes in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) 大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）血小板标记基因的鉴定及功能表征

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743626

Qiuxi Yang , Shunan Jiang , Qin Liu , Dahai Yang , Zhuang Wang

Thrombocytes are nucleated hemostatic cells in teleost fish, known to function in coagulation and to play significant roles in immune regulation. However, the immune-related functions and characteristics of thrombocytes in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identified itgb3a as a highly expressed marker gene in turbot thrombocytes. Besides, we generated a polyclonal antibody targeting the conserved domain of ITGB3a and successfully isolated thrombocytes from turbot peripheral blood leukocytes. These isolated cells exhibited spherical or fusiform morphology with prominent pseudopodia and intracellular granules. Moreover, an in-depth reanalysis of single-cell transcriptomic data from our previous study uncovered a dynamic shift in the transcriptional profile of thrombocytes during infection, consistent with a change from innate immune responses to functions in metabolism and coagulation. Initially (3 dpi), their transcriptome was enriched for innate immune responses, and subsequently shifted towards metabolic regulation and coagulation homeostasis at 7–14 dpi. Furthermore, we demonstrated that proportion of turbot thrombocyte dynamically increased at 3 dpi, and observed the intracellular localization of bacteria within thrombocytes through in vitro assays with GFP-labeled Edwardsiella piscicida. Taken together, this study provides foundational insights into the functional characteristics of turbot thrombocytes during bacterial infection. Our findings offer valuable resources for advancing the understanding of fish thrombocyte biology and establish a basis for future exploration of potential therapeutic targets.

凝血细胞是硬骨鱼的有核止血细胞，已知在凝血和免疫调节中发挥重要作用。然而，大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）血小板的免疫相关功能和特征在很大程度上仍未被探索。在这项研究中，我们发现itgb3a在大菱鲆血小板中是一个高表达的标记基因。此外，我们制备了一种靶向ITGB3a保守结构域的多克隆抗体，并成功地从大菱鲆外周血白细胞中分离出血小板。这些分离的细胞呈球形或梭形形态，具有突出的伪足和细胞内颗粒。此外，我们对先前研究的单细胞转录组数据进行了深入的再分析，揭示了感染期间血小板转录谱的动态变化，这与先天免疫反应到代谢和凝血功能的变化是一致的。最初（3 dpi），它们的转录组富集于先天免疫应答，随后在7-14 dpi时转向代谢调节和凝血稳态。此外，我们证明了大菱鲆血小板的比例在3 dpi时动态增加，并通过gfp标记的鱼腥鱼爱德华菌体外检测观察了血小板内细菌的细胞内定位。综上所述，本研究为细菌感染期间大菱鲆血小板的功能特征提供了基础见解。我们的发现为提高对鱼类血栓细胞生物学的理解提供了宝贵的资源，并为未来探索潜在的治疗靶点奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a recombinase polymerase amplification based rapid visual detection assay for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease 基于重组酶聚合酶扩增的急性肝胰腺坏死病快速视觉检测方法的建立

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743625

Junjiang Liu , Liping Wang , Xin Jia , Qinxuan Li , Lu Zhang , Mengqiang Wang

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus harboring specific virulence plasmids, results in high mortality in Litopenaeus vannamei and leads to substantial economic losses in shrimp farming. No effective treatments currently exist for AHPND, so the development of rapid and accurate pathogen detection methods is essential for early detection of infected individuals, allowing timely intervention to prevent large-scale outbreaks and ultimately reduce economic losses. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is an ideal on-site detection method, offering rapid results, high sensitivity, and the ability to operate at low temperatures. The RPA visualization method primarily depends on gel electrophoresis, which increases complexity and requires advanced equipment, thus limiting its field applicability. Therefore, improving the RPA visualization technique is crucial for enabling on-site detection. This study systematically assessed 14 nucleic acid dyes for visualizing RPA results. Diamond Nucleic Acid Dye, at a 1000× concentration, exhibited excellent color contrast and fluorescence intensity, making it the optimal choice for RPA-based visualization. Using this dye, a highly sensitive, specific, and stable AHPND visualization detection method was developed. Specificity testing demonstrated the method's ability to effectively distinguish AHPND from other major shrimp pathogens (EHP, IHHNV, and WSSV). Sensitivity analysis revealed a detection limit of 1 copies/μL, underscoring its exceptional sensitivity. Stability testing confirmed that the detection system is resistant to interference as high as 800 ng of host DNA. The method was further validated using 80 real samples, achieving an accuracy rate of 91.25%, confirming the high reliability of this visualization approach for field applications. These results provide valuable guidance for selecting suitable nucleic acid dyes and strongly support the development of more efficient, simple, and accurate diagnostic methods in aquaculture and related fields.

由具有特定毒力质粒的副溶血性弧菌引起的急性肝胰腺坏死病（AHPND）导致凡纳滨对虾的高死亡率，并导致对虾养殖业的重大经济损失。目前还没有针对AHPND的有效治疗方法，因此开发快速准确的病原体检测方法对于早期发现受感染个体，及时干预以防止大规模暴发并最终减少经济损失至关重要。重组酶聚合酶扩增（RPA）是一种理想的现场检测方法，提供快速的结果，高灵敏度，并且能够在低温下操作。RPA可视化方法主要依赖于凝胶电泳，这增加了复杂性，需要先进的设备，从而限制了其现场适用性。因此，改进RPA可视化技术对于实现现场检测至关重要。本研究系统评估了14种核酸染料的RPA结果可视化。金刚石核酸染料在1000倍的浓度下，具有出色的颜色对比度和荧光强度，是基于rpa的可视化的最佳选择。利用该染料，建立了一种高灵敏度、特异度和稳定性的AHPND可视化检测方法。特异性测试表明，该方法能够有效区分AHPND与其他主要虾病原体（EHP、IHHNV和WSSV）。灵敏度分析显示，该方法的检出限为1个拷贝/μL。稳定性测试证实该检测系统可抵抗高达800 ng的宿主DNA的干扰。利用80个实际样本进一步验证了该方法，准确率达到91.25%，证实了该可视化方法在现场应用中的高可靠性。这些结果为选择合适的核酸染料提供了有价值的指导，并有力地支持了在水产养殖及相关领域开发更高效、简单、准确的诊断方法。

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引用次数: 0

Sea urchin and polychaete integration in IMTA as a model for sustainable waste valorisation 海胆和多毛类在IMTA中的整合作为可持续废物增值的模型

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743630

Pedro M. Santos , José Lino Costa , Marta Neves , Alexandra Mota , Ana Pombo

Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is a sustainable aquaculture approach that recycles nutrients by co-culturing species from different trophic levels. This study assessed the biological feasibility of co-culturing the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus with the polychaete Hediste diversicolor in a novel low-trophic IMTA configuration, using sea urchin faecal waste as a food source. Three experimental sea urchin diets (D1, D2, D3), varying in marine and plant-based ingredients, were tested over 40 days, including a novel fishmeal- and fish-oil-free diet (D1). Sea urchins showed no significant differences in somatic or gonadal growth between diets. In contrast, polychaetes exhibited substantial growth across all treatments, with the highest performance observed in those fed waste from the energy-rich, animal-based diet (D3). No significant dietary effects were detected on polychaete gametogenesis, although a maturation trend aligned with energy availability. Notably, polychaetes consuming waste from the diet free of fishmeal and fish oil (D1) displayed a significantly improved fatty acid profile, particularly in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content. These results highlight both the influence of feed composition and the capacity of H. diversicolor to enhance the nutritional value of waste through differential assimilation and biosynthesis. By converting waste into high-value biomass, this co-culture model improves sustainability, contributes to reducing reliance on fish-oil inputs, and adds economic value to sea urchin aquaculture.

综合多营养水产养殖（IMTA）是一种可持续的水产养殖方法，通过共同培养来自不同营养水平的物种来回收养分。本研究以海胆粪便为食物来源，评估了在新型低营养IMTA配置下，将Paracentrotus lividus与多毛藻Hediste diversolor共培养的生物学可行性。研究人员对三种海胆饲料（D1、D2、D3）进行了40多天的试验，其中包括一种新型的不含鱼粉和鱼油的饲料（D1），它们的海洋和植物成分各不相同。不同饮食对海胆的体细胞和性腺生长均无显著影响。相比之下，多毛体在所有处理中均表现出显著的生长，其中以富含能量的动物性饲料（D3）中的废物为饲料的多毛体表现出最高的性能。饲料对多毛体配子体发育没有显著影响，但成熟趋势与能量可利用性一致。值得注意的是，食用不含鱼粉和鱼油日粮（D1）的多毛藻的脂肪酸含量显著提高，特别是在二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）含量方面。这些结果突出了饲料组成的影响，以及异色h通过差异同化和生物合成提高废物营养价值的能力。通过将废物转化为高价值的生物质，这种共养模式提高了可持续性，有助于减少对鱼油投入的依赖，并增加了海胆水产养殖的经济价值。

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引用次数: 0

Recovering mussel spat normally lost during seeding onto farms 恢复在农场播种时丢失的贻贝

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743627

Emanuel Ram , Andrew G. Jeffs , Bradley M. Skelton

Massive losses of mussel spat shortly after it is seeded onto coastal farms is a significant challenge for aquaculture. This initial study examined the potential for separating wild Greenshell™ (Perna canaliculus) mussel spat that were at high risk of being lost during seeding operations and then re-settling them onto new substrate and subsequently transferring them onto coastal mussel farms to recover spat that would be otherwise lost from production. Simply immersing the harvested wild spat material in seawater for 5 min prior to seeding onto a mussel farm resulted in the detachment of 11.2 % of the spat present in the material and enabling their recovery. A total of 82.0 % of the recovered spat could be re-settled onto cotton stocking substrate and seeded onto a coastal mussel farm, alongside the remaining harvested wild mussel spat material from which the spat had been separated. After 3.5 months, 9.5 % of the re-settled spat remained compared to 3.5 % in the originally harvested wild spat. Overall, this spat recovery process enabled more mussel spat to be retained after 3.5 months relative to the normal process for directly seeding harvested wild spat material directly onto coastal mussel farms. Further developing and applying this approach to harvested wild spat has the potential to greatly reduce overall mussel spat losses and lead to increased mussel aquaculture production.

贻贝在播种到沿海养殖场后不久就会大量流失，这对水产养殖业来说是一个重大挑战。这项初步研究考察了分离野生绿壳（Perna canaliculus）贻贝的可能性，这些贻贝在播种作业中有很高的损失风险，然后将它们重新安置在新的基质上，随后将它们转移到沿海贻贝养殖场，以恢复因生产而损失的贻贝。在贻贝养殖场播种前，简单地将收获的野生贝材料浸泡在海水中5分钟，可使材料中存在的11.2%的贝脱离并使其恢复。总共82.0%的回收贻贝可以重新安置在棉花放养基质上，并播种到沿海贻贝养殖场，与剩余收获的野生贻贝材料一起，将贻贝分离出来。3.5个月后，重新定居的贝的存活率为9.5%，而最初收获的野生贝的存活率为3.5%。总体而言，与直接将收获的野生贻贝材料直接播种到沿海贻贝养殖场的正常过程相比，这种贻贝恢复过程在3.5个月后保留了更多的贻贝。进一步发展和应用这种方法来收获野生贝有可能大大减少贻贝的整体损失，并导致贻贝养殖产量的增加。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal modulation of feeding behavior in Penaeus vannamei revealed by passive acoustic monitoring 被动声监测揭示的凡纳滨对虾摄食行为的热调节

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743631

Fábio Costa Filho , Indira Medina Torres , Roberta Borda Soares , D. Allen Davis , Silvio Peixoto

This study evaluated the effect of water temperature on the feeding activity of Penaeus vannamei using passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) as a noninvasive tool for real-time behavioral assessment. Juveniles (25.16 ± 1.38 g) were exposed to five temperature treatments (22.1, 24.1, 27.5, 29.4, and 31.3 °C), with four replicates per treatment, under controlled laboratory conditions. Feeding activity was monitored and quantified through acoustic detection of clicks emitted by shrimp mandibles and food consumption (FC) during 30-min feeding periods. Both click production and feed intake peaked at Regular (27.5 °C) to Very hot (31.3 °C) but declined significantly at cold temperatures of Very cold (22.1 °C) and Cold (24.1 °C). Acoustic activity correlated strongly with feed intake (r = 0.65, p < 0.001), validating PAM as a quantitative indicator of feeding intensity. Furthermore, a Generalized Least Squares (GLS) model indicated a significant time-temperature interaction, showing that temperature influenced the temporal pattern of feeding in addition to its overall magnitude. These findings confirm that ∼28–30 °C range represents the optimal thermal window for feeding activity in P. vannamei and demonstrate the potential of PAM to support precision feeding and temperature-responsive management in shrimp aquaculture.

本研究利用被动声监测（PAM）作为无创实时行为评估工具，研究了水温对凡纳滨对虾（Penaeus vannamei）摄食活动的影响。在实验室控制条件下，将幼鱼（25.16±1.38 g）暴露于5个温度处理（22.1、24.1、27.5、29.4和31.3°C）中，每个处理4个重复。通过对虾下颌骨发出的咔哒声和进食量（FC）的声学检测，监测和量化了30 min的摄食活动。click产量和采食量在常温（27.5°C）至高温（31.3°C）时达到峰值，但在低温（22.1°C）和低温（24.1°C）时显著下降。声学活动与采食量密切相关（r = 0.65, p < 0.001），证实了PAM是采食量的定量指标。此外，广义最小二乘（GLS）模型显示了显著的时间-温度相互作用，表明温度影响摄食的时间模式，除了其总体幅度。这些研究结果证实，~ 28-30°C范围是凡纳梅对虾摄食活动的最佳热窗，并证明了PAM在对虾养殖中支持精确摄食和温度响应性管理方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary reuterin as a potential feed additive enhances growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory response in largemouth bass: Multi-omics insights into metabolic reprogramming 饲料中reuterin作为一种潜在的饲料添加剂可提高大口黑鲈的生长性能、抗氧化能力和抗炎反应：代谢重编程的多组学研究

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743628

Jia-Le He, Han-Yin Xu, Yu-Long Sun, Tao Han, Jian-Kun Zhang, Qiang Chen, Ji-Teng Wang

This study evaluated the influence of dietary reuterin on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immune metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), with a further objective of unraveling the key molecular pathways responsible for these physiological alterations. A seven-week feeding trial was conducted on largemouth bass (initial weight 3.07 ± 0.02 g) to assess the effects of dietary reuterin. The fish were reared on one of six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing incremental levels of reuterin (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, and 0.16 g/kg), which ultimately led to significant enhancements in both weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR). Based on a quadratic regression analysis of WGR and SGR, the optimal dietary supplementation level of reuterin was determined to be 0.09 g/kg. Fish fed reuterin exhibited enhanced liver antioxidant capacity, evidenced by increased activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), and a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. At the transcriptional level, reuterin supplementation actively promoted the expression of genes associated with antioxidant defense and glutathione synthesis, such as nrf2, sod1, cat, gpx, gss, and gst. Conversely, it suppressed the transcription of key pro-inflammatory cytokines (tnf-α, il-1β, il-8) and mediators of apoptosis (casp8, casp9, bax). A combined investigation of the liver transcriptome and metabolome revealed that reuterin substantially alters pivotal metabolic pathways. The primary routes affected by this remodeling included the metabolism of glutathione, arginine and proline, and arachidonic acid. These changes suggest that reuterin enhances the antioxidant defense system, at least in part, by activating the nrf2 signaling pathway and promoting the glutathione metabolic cycle, which in turn mitigates inflammatory responses. In conclusion, dietary reuterin supplementation can effectively promote growth and enhance the antioxidant and immune functions of largemouth bass, highlighting its potential as a beneficial feed additive in aquaculture.

本研究评估了饲料中reuterin对大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫代谢的影响，旨在进一步揭示导致这些生理变化的关键分子途径。本试验对初重3.07±0.02 g的大口黑鲈进行了为期7周的饲养试验，以评价饲料中添加罗伊特素的效果。在6种等氮等脂饲料中分别添加罗伊特素（0、0.01、0.02、0.04、0.08和0.16 g/kg），最终显著提高了鱼的增重率和特定生长率。通过对增重率和增重率的二次回归分析，确定reuterin的最佳饲粮添加水平为0.09 g/kg。鱼的肝脏抗氧化能力增强，表现为总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加，丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低。在转录水平上，补充reuterin可积极促进抗氧化防御和谷胱甘肽合成相关基因nrf2、sod1、cat、gpx、gss和gst的表达。相反，它抑制了关键的促炎细胞因子（tnf-α, il-1β, il-8）和凋亡介质（casp8, casp9, bax）的转录。肝脏转录组和代谢组的联合研究表明，罗伊特蛋白实质性地改变了关键的代谢途径。受这种重塑影响的主要途径包括谷胱甘肽、精氨酸和脯氨酸以及花生四烯酸的代谢。这些变化表明，reuterin至少在一定程度上通过激活nrf2信号通路和促进谷胱甘肽代谢循环来增强抗氧化防御系统，从而减轻炎症反应。综上所述，饲粮中添加蛇黄素可有效促进大口黑鲈生长，增强其抗氧化和免疫功能，具有作为一种有益的水产养殖饲料添加剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular and functional insights of β-1,3-glucan-binding protein (β-GBP) in polyphenol-based oxidative stress mitigation in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白（β-GBP）在南美对虾（Penaeus vannamei）多酚基氧化应激缓解中的分子和功能研究

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743624

Muhammad Safdar , Safdar Imran , Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad , Mehmet Ozaslan , Xia Wang , Xiuli Chen

The whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei), a cornerstone of global aquaculture with annual production exceeding 5.8 million tons (FAO, 2022), confronts significant challenges from oxidative stress, which undermines health, growth, and reproductive success. β-1,3-Glucan-binding protein (β-GBP), a pivotal pattern recognition receptor, orchestrates innate immune defense and regulates oxidative stress, establishing it as a prime target for enhancing stress resilience. This review primarily focuses on genomic mechanisms of β-GBP regulation and the translational potential of polyphenol-based interventions in P. vannamei aquaculture. Polyphenols, a diverse class of natural compounds with potent antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, enhance β-GBP functionality, neutralize ROS, and elevate production metrics, with several controlled trials reporting survival and yield improvements typically in the range of 15–30 %. We present cutting-edge molecular insights into β-GBP regulation, harnessing advanced methodologies including RNA sequencing, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, proteomics, single-cell transcriptomics, and integrative multi-omics to unravel its molecular mechanisms. Polyphenol-based interventions amplify β-GBP–mediated immunity, mitigate oxidative damage, and promote sustainable aquaculture practices. Although nano-delivery systems, AI-optimized formulations, and synergistic probiotic–polyphenol combinations show considerable theoretical promise, these approaches remain conceptual and require extensive experimental validation.

凡纳滨白对虾（Penaeus vannamei）是全球水产养殖的基石，年产量超过580万吨（粮农组织，2022年），面临氧化应激的重大挑战，氧化应激会损害健康、生长和繁殖成功。β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白（β-GBP）是一种关键的模式识别受体，可协调先天免疫防御和调节氧化应激，是增强应激恢复能力的主要靶点。本文主要综述了β-GBP调控的基因组机制以及多酚类干预在凡纳梅水产养殖中的转化潜力。多酚是一种多种天然化合物，具有强大的抗氧化和免疫调节特性，可增强β-GBP功能，中和ROS，提高产量指标，几项对照试验报告存活和产量通常提高15 - 30%。我们介绍了β-GBP调控的前沿分子见解，利用先进的方法，包括RNA测序，CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑，蛋白质组学，单细胞转录组学和整合多组学来揭示其分子机制。多酚类干预措施可增强β- gbp介导的免疫，减轻氧化损伤，并促进可持续水产养殖做法。虽然纳米递送系统、人工智能优化配方和协同益生菌-多酚组合在理论上具有相当大的前景，但这些方法仍然是概念性的，需要大量的实验验证。

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引用次数: 0

A DeepLabCut-based method to study fighting behavior alterations in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) exposed to different Ammonia levels 基于deepplabcut的方法研究不同氨浓度下中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）打斗行为的变化

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743623

Yunfei Sun , Qin Wu , Gilbert Audira , Nitiphong Kaewman , Chung-Der Hsiao

The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is a commercially important aquaculture species widely cultivated across Asia. However, intensive aquaculture practices often lead to elevated ammonia concentrations, a significant environmental stressor known to negatively impact aquatic organisms, in rearing water. While previous studies have investigated the general effects of ammonia on crab physiology, a detailed, quantitative analysis of its impact on complex social behaviors remains unexplored. Thus, this study aimed to utilize DeepLabCut (DLC), a machine learning-based toolbox, to quantify the behaviors of male E. sinensis. In addition, the behavioral performance of this animal after exposure to ammonia at 5 and 10 mg/L for 14 days was also analyzed to evaluate the performance of DLC. The positions of seven essential body parts (pincers, legs, rostrum, carapace, and abdomen) in every frame were tracked by DLC, and based on the generated x and y coordinates, several important behavior endpoints were calculated. Based on the results, DLC with the ResNet-152 framework performed well in reducing loss and errors during training, enabling the output model to detect and track the desired body parts of crabs most of the time. Furthermore, the results also demonstrated statistically significant alterations in the locomotion and agonistic behaviors of ammonia-exposed crabs as indicated by the increase in their locomotor activity, fighting, and chasing behaviors. To sum up, this study highlighted the detrimental impact of sub-lethal ammonia levels on the complex fighting behaviors of E. sinensis, potentially affecting their competitive abilities and social hierarchies within a confined environment. Furthermore, the current findings also signify the utility of DLC as a robust, high-throughput, and unbiased tool for dissecting subtle behavioral changes in aquatic organisms, offering a powerful alternative to traditional and labor-intensive manual scoring methods. We believe that the current findings provide valuable insights for sustainable aquaculture practices by emphasizing the critical need for stringent water quality management to maintain animal welfare and productivity.

中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）是一种在亚洲广泛养殖的重要商业养殖品种。然而，集约化水产养殖做法往往导致养殖水中氨浓度升高，这是一种已知会对水生生物产生负面影响的重要环境压力源。虽然以前的研究已经调查了氨对螃蟹生理的一般影响，但其对复杂社会行为的影响的详细定量分析仍未被探索。因此，本研究旨在利用基于机器学习的工具箱DeepLabCut （DLC）来量化雄性中华按蚊的行为。此外，我们还分析了该动物在5和10 mg/L的氨浓度下暴露14天后的行为性能，以评价DLC的性能。通过DLC跟踪每一帧中七个重要身体部位（螯、腿、喙、甲壳和腹部）的位置，并根据生成的x和y坐标计算出几个重要的行为端点。结果表明，基于ResNet-152框架的DLC在减少训练过程中的损失和错误方面表现良好，使输出模型能够在大多数情况下检测和跟踪螃蟹所需的身体部位。此外，结果还表明，氨暴露的螃蟹的运动和激动行为发生了统计学上显著的变化，这表明它们的运动活动、战斗和追逐行为增加。综上所述，本研究强调了亚致死氨水平对中华按蚊复杂战斗行为的不利影响，可能影响其在受限环境中的竞争能力和社会等级。此外，目前的研究结果还表明，DLC作为一种强大的、高通量的、无偏倚的工具，可用于解剖水生生物的细微行为变化，为传统的、劳动密集型的人工评分方法提供了一种强大的替代方案。我们认为，目前的研究结果通过强调严格的水质管理以维持动物福利和生产力的迫切需要，为可持续水产养殖实践提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Gas plasma-treated polyethylene meshes enhance larval settlement in Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) hatchery production 气等离子体处理聚乙烯网提高扇贝（Patinopecten yessoensis）孵化场生产中的幼虫沉降

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743616

Longfei Chu , Jiaxi Chang , Junhao Zhang , Ancheng Liu , Jian Liu , Guobo Chen , Xiaoting Huang , Liangmin Yu , Qiang Xing , Zhenmin Bao

The larval attachment and metamorphosis stages are pivotal yet challenging phases in hatchery production of the Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis). Conventional methods to facilitate these processes are frequently labor-intensive and environmentally concerning, highlighting the need to evaluate the application value of newly developed materials in scallop aquaculture. In this study, we introduced an innovative approach utilizing plasma-treated polyethylene (PE) meshes as settlement substrates, where treatment with argon (Ar), nitrogen (N₂), and air (Air) plasma was applied for varying durations (1, 2, and 4 min). The gas flow rate was maintained at 50 standard cubic centimeters per minute, with the vacuum pressure controlled at 30–35 Pa. Our findings demonstrated that gas plasma treatment significantly enhanced larval attachment across all treatments, and increased metamorphosis rates in the N₂ plasma treatment groups. Attachment (143.77–161.13 %) and metamorphosis (10.85–16.68 %) rates increased in the N₂ plasma treatment when compared to untreated controls. Furthermore, plasma-treated groups exhibited superior spat retention, with the highest values observed in N₂-treated specimens. Crucially, this enhancement in settlement occurred without compromising larval growth or survival throughout the attachment, metamorphosis, and spat retention phases. Overall, this study establishes plasma-treated PE meshes as an effective, sustainable solution for improving scallop larval settlement, offering significant potential for application in large-scale sustainable aquaculture operations.

在叶索扇贝（Patinopecten yessoensis）的孵化生产中，幼虫的附着和变态阶段是关键但具有挑战性的阶段。促进这些过程的传统方法往往是劳动密集型的，并且涉及环境问题，突出表明需要评估新开发材料在扇贝水产养殖中的应用价值。在这项研究中，我们介绍了一种创新的方法，利用等离子体处理聚乙烯（PE）网作为沉降基质，其中氩气（Ar）、氮气（n2）和空气（air）等离子体处理不同的持续时间（1、2和4分钟）。气体流速保持在每分钟50标准立方厘米，真空压力控制在30-35 Pa。我们的研究结果表明，在所有处理中，气体等离子体处理显著增强了幼虫的附着，并增加了n2等离子体处理组的变态率。附着率（143.77 ~ 161.13%）和变态率（10.85 ~ 16.68%）均高于对照组。此外，等离子体处理组表现出更好的痰潴留，在n2处理的标本中观察到最高的痰潴留值。至关重要的是，这种沉降的增强在不影响幼虫生长或存活的情况下发生在附着、蜕变和唾液保留阶段。总体而言，本研究确定了等离子体处理聚乙烯网是一种有效的、可持续的解决方案，可改善扇贝幼虫的沉降，在大规模可持续水产养殖中具有巨大的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Improved swimming performance from exercise training is driven by optimized muscle energy metabolism and antioxidant capacity in juvenile large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea 运动训练对大黄鱼幼鱼游泳性能的改善是由优化的肌肉能量代谢和抗氧化能力驱动的

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2026.743621

Sijian Deng , Yuhe Yang , Tingting Lin , Xin Liu , Yazhou Jiang , Zhengli Fang , Siping Li

Swimming performance is a critical locomotor trait that directly influences fish survival and reproductive success, playing an increasingly recognized role in the conservation and recovery of wild fish populations. Although exercise training can enhance swimming performance through both muscular aerobic and anaerobic metabolic phenotypes, the specific effects and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Herein, we subjected 5 cm juvenile large yellow croaker to exercise training at intensities of 0, 1, 2, and 4 BL/s for 6 h per day over 30 d, and evaluated both critical swimming speed (U_crit) and constant acceleration speed (U_cat). Behavioral results showed that training at 4 BL/s significantly improved U_crit and U_cat, with increases of 34.65 % and 24.66 %, respectively. Physiological analysis indicated that all exercise groups exhibited a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and a significant decrease in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentration. In contrast, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly declined only in 2 BL/s, and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) concentration remained unchanged across all groups. Non-targeted metabolomics identified 143 significantly altered metabolites, primarily enriched in pathways including “glycerolipid metabolism”, “glycine, serine and threonine metabolism”, “choline metabolism in cancer”, “lysine degradation”, and “nucleotide metabolism”. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that exercise training enhanced muscular metabolic phenotype by modulating key metabolites such as palmitoylcarnitine, glycerol-3-phosphate, allysine, guanosine, hypoxanthine, and glycerophosphocholine. These changes facilitated more efficient substrate utilization, optimized energy allocation, and improved antioxidant capacity, collectively contributing to the remodeling of muscular and behavioral performance. This study demonstrates that exercise training can effectively promote behavioral fitness in stock-enhanced fish species and provides insights into the metabolic basis underlying these improvements.

游泳是一种重要的运动特征，直接影响鱼类的生存和繁殖成功，在野生鱼类种群的保护和恢复中发挥着越来越重要的作用。尽管运动训练可以通过肌肉有氧和无氧代谢表型来提高游泳成绩，但在大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）中，具体效果和潜在机制仍然知之甚少。在此，我们对5厘米的大黄鱼幼鱼进行了0、1、2和4 BL/s强度的运动训练，每天6小时，持续30天，并评估了临界游泳速度（Ucrit）和恒定加速速度（Ucat）。行为学结果显示，4 BL/s训练显著提高了Ucrit和Ucat，分别提高了34.65%和24.66%。生理分析表明，所有运动组均表现出乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性显著增加，5-羟色胺（5-HT）浓度显著降低。相反，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性仅在2 BL/s时显著下降，细胞色素c氧化酶（COX）浓度在各组间保持不变。非靶向代谢组学鉴定出143种显著改变的代谢物，主要富集于“甘油脂代谢”、“甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢”、“癌症中胆碱代谢”、“赖氨酸降解”和“核苷酸代谢”等途径。综合转录组学和代谢组学分析显示，运动训练通过调节关键代谢物，如棕榈酰基肉碱、甘油-3-磷酸、丙氨酸、鸟苷、次黄嘌呤和甘油磷胆碱，增强了肌肉代谢表型。这些变化促进了更有效的底物利用，优化了能量分配，提高了抗氧化能力，共同促进了肌肉和行为表现的重塑。这项研究表明，运动训练可以有效地促进种群增强型鱼类的行为健康，并为这些改善背后的代谢基础提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0