The present study was conducted to evaluate cry features and cortisol level in 10 healthy, full-term male newborns. For each of them, a total of 10 10-min vocal recording sessions were undertaken when spontaneous crying was displayed. Simultaneously saliva was collected from the subject. The results indicated that the duration of cries and the amount of dysphonation in cries were highly correlated with cortisol level in every infant. When the cortisol level was higher, the cry segments were likely to be longer and dysphonated more frequently. However, the fundamental frequency measures did not show such correlations. The significance of these results are discussed with reference to findings of previous studies on cry perception.
{"title":"Cortisol Level and Acoustic Features of Cries in Japanese Newborns.","authors":"N. Masataka","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.363","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to evaluate cry features and cortisol level in 10 healthy, full-term male newborns. For each of them, a total of 10 10-min vocal recording sessions were undertaken when spontaneous crying was displayed. Simultaneously saliva was collected from the subject. The results indicated that the duration of cries and the amount of dysphonation in cries were highly correlated with cortisol level in every infant. When the cortisol level was higher, the cry segments were likely to be longer and dysphonated more frequently. However, the fundamental frequency measures did not show such correlations. The significance of these results are discussed with reference to findings of previous studies on cry perception.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"93 1","pages":"363-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67046910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Umetsu, M. Ding, Y. Hayashida, I. Yuasa, Tsuneo Suzuki
The genetic polymorphism of alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG) have been analyzed in Chinese, Korean and remaining Japanese orphan in China populations by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting technique. Three new variants designated as AHSG*Cl, AHSG*C2 and AHSG*C3 were found. The frequencies of common alleles (AHSG*1 and AHSG*2) were approximately the same among East Asian populations.
{"title":"Distribution of Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein. Types in Four East Asian Populations","authors":"K. Umetsu, M. Ding, Y. Hayashida, I. Yuasa, Tsuneo Suzuki","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.371","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic polymorphism of alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG) have been analyzed in Chinese, Korean and remaining Japanese orphan in China populations by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting technique. Three new variants designated as AHSG*Cl, AHSG*C2 and AHSG*C3 were found. The frequencies of common alleles (AHSG*1 and AHSG*2) were approximately the same among East Asian populations.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"371-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67046972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Human Skeleton of the Satsumon Period from the Shimodanosawa Site, Akkeshi-cho, Eastern Hokkaido","authors":"Y. Dodo, M. Kida, H. Ishida, H. Matsumura","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.463","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"463-475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67047136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1981年から1983年の3年間の住民調査で得られた現代日本人の頭部 X 線規格写真419枚を使用し,顎関節の形態学的な性差,年齢差を調査した。その結果,女性は男性より関節突起が細長く,下顎頭幅は小さかった。下顎窩は幅,深さとも男性が大きい傾向にあり,下顎窩の深さに対する下顎頭の高さの割合では女性が大きい傾向にあった。また若い年齢群ほど関節突起は細長く,とくにこの傾向は女性で著明であった。下顎頭幅は男性では若い年齢群ほど小さかったが,女性では加齢による一定の傾向はなく,下顎頭の尖鋭化が男女の若い年齢群にみられた。また若い年齢群ほど下顎窩幅に対して下顎頭幅の割合は小さく,下顎窩の深さに対して下顎頭の高さの割合は大きくなっていた。
{"title":"Morphological Study of the Temporomandibular Joint in Modern Japanese","authors":"Yoshihiko Takahashi","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.77","url":null,"abstract":"1981年から1983年の3年間の住民調査で得られた現代日本人の頭部 X 線規格写真419枚を使用し,顎関節の形態学的な性差,年齢差を調査した。その結果,女性は男性より関節突起が細長く,下顎頭幅は小さかった。下顎窩は幅,深さとも男性が大きい傾向にあり,下顎窩の深さに対する下顎頭の高さの割合では女性が大きい傾向にあった。また若い年齢群ほど関節突起は細長く,とくにこの傾向は女性で著明であった。下顎頭幅は男性では若い年齢群ほど小さかったが,女性では加齢による一定の傾向はなく,下顎頭の尖鋭化が男女の若い年齢群にみられた。また若い年齢群ほど下顎窩幅に対して下顎頭幅の割合は小さく,下顎窩の深さに対して下顎頭の高さの割合は大きくなっていた。","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"77-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67047999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kondo, S. Matsu’ura, A. Matsui, Yoshiaki Kanayama
{"title":"Fluorine Dating of Horse Remains from Osaki Shellmound in Noda City--Debatable Existence of Horses in Jomon Period","authors":"M. Kondo, S. Matsu’ura, A. Matsui, Yoshiaki Kanayama","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"93-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67047556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Human Cranium of the Yayoi Period from the Hinata-I Cave Site, Yamagata Prefecture","authors":"M. Kato, H. Ishida","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"149-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67046732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphology of the Hindlimb Bones in Bipedal Rats: A Review","authors":"A. Matsumura","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.297","url":null,"abstract":"これまでにラットを用いて行われてきた実験的二足性に関する研究の中で,下肢骨を対象とした研究について分析した。その結果,手術によって前肢を取り除いたバイペダル•ラットや垂直シリンダー拘束ラットでは,1)十分な立位ではない変形した特有の四足姿勢が骨形態に反映されていること,2)栄養条件が骨の大きさや形態に反映されていること,3)骨の計測値を示数(比率)によって相対的に比較した研究では,必ずしも負荷の効果が正確に検出されていないこと,などの問題点が明らかになった。これに対して,オペラント条件付けを利用した二足レバー押し挙げラットによる実験では,従来のバイペダル•ラットに見られたこれらの問題点が解消できる。今後,動物に外傷や拘束を加えずにオペラント条件付けを活用することにより,二足行動と下肢の形態との関連性をしらべることを目的とした実験形態学的研究に新たな展望が開かれる可能性が出てきた。","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"297-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67047004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Four hundred and sixty-six people were buried at Kambara Village of Province Kozuke (old name of Gunma Pref.), Japan, under the glowing avalanche of volcanic debris due to the violent eruption of Mt. Asama in 1783 (the 3rd year of Temmei), which was followed by the so-called "big famine of Temmei" in the eastern half of this country. Well known were those two ladies buried alive under the flow of volcanic debris at the foot of the stone stairs to Kannon-do temple on a hill at the back of the village who were found in 1979. The present paper is a record of another man also killed by the flow of volcanic debris there. Suffering from chronic osteoarthritis in his left elbow, he was working for Emmyoji Temple at Kambara in those days and killed by the debris flow without warning. His skeleton was excavated at the ruins of this old temple in 1987. He was lying on the right half of his face as well as on his belly with the left arm and right leg extended but the right arm and left leg flexed. His right humerus, radius and ulna were fractured together in their shafts at a blow of a rushing stone in the debris. The findings indicated that a sudden attack of the flow of pyroclastic debris at low temperatures was the death of him. He was placed third among the human victims of the 1783 volcanic activity of Mt. Asama whose skeletons were preserved well and examined in details.
{"title":"A Human Victim of Volcanic Eruption of Mt. Asama in 1783","authors":"I. Morimoto","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.63","url":null,"abstract":"Four hundred and sixty-six people were buried at Kambara Village of Province Kozuke (old name of Gunma Pref.), Japan, under the glowing avalanche of volcanic debris due to the violent eruption of Mt. Asama in 1783 (the 3rd year of Temmei), which was followed by the so-called \"big famine of Temmei\" in the eastern half of this country. Well known were those two ladies buried alive under the flow of volcanic debris at the foot of the stone stairs to Kannon-do temple on a hill at the back of the village who were found in 1979. The present paper is a record of another man also killed by the flow of volcanic debris there. Suffering from chronic osteoarthritis in his left elbow, he was working for Emmyoji Temple at Kambara in those days and killed by the debris flow without warning. His skeleton was excavated at the ruins of this old temple in 1987. He was lying on the right half of his face as well as on his belly with the left arm and right leg extended but the right arm and left leg flexed. His right humerus, radius and ulna were fractured together in their shafts at a blow of a rushing stone in the debris. The findings indicated that a sudden attack of the flow of pyroclastic debris at low temperatures was the death of him. He was placed third among the human victims of the 1783 volcanic activity of Mt. Asama whose skeletons were preserved well and examined in details.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"63-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67047339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Trinkaus, S. Churchill, Isabelle Villemeur, Kathy G. Riley, J. A. Heller, C. Ruff
The interpretation of the evolution of human manipulative and locomotor behavior from hominid fossil remains during the Pleistocene requires a clear distinction between changes in relative musculo-skeletal massiveness indicating different levels of activity (robusticity) and alterations in form implying contrasting patterns or frequencies of behavior. A review of ongoing research on Neandertal appendicular morphology with respect to the scapulo-humeral articulation, the pollical and mid-carpal carpo-metacarpal articulations, proximal femoral trabecular orientation, femoral diaphyseal cross-sectional geometry, and proximal pedal phalangeal diaphyseal proportions illustrate the nature of the problems associated with making distinctions between robusticity and shape in fossil hominid remains. Nonetheless, it is apparent that differences in shape, in addition to contrasts in robusticity, exist between the Neandertals and modern humans.
{"title":"Robusticity versus Shape: The Functional Interpretation of Neandertal Appendicular Morphology","authors":"E. Trinkaus, S. Churchill, Isabelle Villemeur, Kathy G. Riley, J. A. Heller, C. Ruff","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.257","url":null,"abstract":"The interpretation of the evolution of human manipulative and locomotor behavior from hominid fossil remains during the Pleistocene requires a clear distinction between changes in relative musculo-skeletal massiveness indicating different levels of activity (robusticity) and alterations in form implying contrasting patterns or frequencies of behavior. A review of ongoing research on Neandertal appendicular morphology with respect to the scapulo-humeral articulation, the pollical and mid-carpal carpo-metacarpal articulations, proximal femoral trabecular orientation, femoral diaphyseal cross-sectional geometry, and proximal pedal phalangeal diaphyseal proportions illustrate the nature of the problems associated with making distinctions between robusticity and shape in fossil hominid remains. Nonetheless, it is apparent that differences in shape, in addition to contrasts in robusticity, exist between the Neandertals and modern humans.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"257-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1537/ASE1911.99.257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67046825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Structural strength of the femur of a Japanese monkey which had been trained for bipedalism for 11 years was studied using CT images. Cross-sectional properties were obtained at below the lesser trochanter level and at mid-length level. The analysis revealed significantly greater strength of the bone compared to ordinary monkeys. Despite greatly increased structural strength, bending rigidity pattern of the diaphysis is similar to that of ordinary monkeys rather than humans. Modifications are more apparent at below the lesser trochanter level than at the mid-length level. This may suggest that the muscle activities, which stabilize the hip joint, severely affect the proximal femur shaft in monkey bipedalism.
{"title":"Structural Strength of the Femur of Bipedally Trained Monkey","authors":"M. Nakatsukasa, S. Hayama","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.289","url":null,"abstract":"Structural strength of the femur of a Japanese monkey which had been trained for bipedalism for 11 years was studied using CT images. Cross-sectional properties were obtained at below the lesser trochanter level and at mid-length level. The analysis revealed significantly greater strength of the bone compared to ordinary monkeys. Despite greatly increased structural strength, bending rigidity pattern of the diaphysis is similar to that of ordinary monkeys rather than humans. Modifications are more apparent at below the lesser trochanter level than at the mid-length level. This may suggest that the muscle activities, which stabilize the hip joint, severely affect the proximal femur shaft in monkey bipedalism.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"99 1","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67046991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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