The 17 tooth crown traits of the Bunun, one of the aboriginal tribes in Taiwan, were observed and classified, and their frequencies were compared with Sinodonts and Sundadonts defined and classified in East Asian populations by TURNER (1987), in order to estimate the genealogical position of the Bunun tribe in East Asia. In the respective comparisons of the 17 traits, the Bunun have considerable resemblance to Sinodonts on shoveling (UI1), double shoveling (UIl) and deflecting wrinkle (LM 1), while on tuberculum dentale (UI2), cusp 5 (UM1) and 4-cusp (LM2), they have considerable resemblance to Sundadonts. Furthermore, cluster analysis and principal co-ordinate analysis based on SMITH's MMDs among the Bunun and other East Asian populations, using all the observed traits, revealed that the Bunun are similar to the Yami (Taiwan aborigine), the North ChinaMongolian and the South Chinese in East Asia, and belong to, if anything, the Sinodonty cluster. Considering the above results and the estimated distribution of Sinodonty and Sundadonty in the past and the present, it cannot be reasoned that Taiwan aborigines had Sinodont characteristics since their ancestors reached Taiwan, but that Sinodontification by Chinese mainlanders has been superimposed on to the native Sundadonty who seem to have come up from the south to Taiwan. The beginning of Sinodontification in Taiwan may have been earlier than in Japan.
{"title":"Genealogical Position of Native Taiwanese (Bunun Tribe) in East Asian Populations Based on Tooth Crown Morphology","authors":"Y. Manabe, A. Rokutanda, Y. Kitagawa, J. Oyamada","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.99.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.99.33","url":null,"abstract":"The 17 tooth crown traits of the Bunun, one of the aboriginal tribes in Taiwan, were observed and classified, and their frequencies were compared with Sinodonts and Sundadonts defined and classified in East Asian populations by TURNER (1987), in order to estimate the genealogical position of the Bunun tribe in East Asia. In the respective comparisons of the 17 traits, the Bunun have considerable resemblance to Sinodonts on shoveling (UI1), double shoveling (UIl) and deflecting wrinkle (LM 1), while on tuberculum dentale (UI2), cusp 5 (UM1) and 4-cusp (LM2), they have considerable resemblance to Sundadonts. Furthermore, cluster analysis and principal co-ordinate analysis based on SMITH's MMDs among the Bunun and other East Asian populations, using all the observed traits, revealed that the Bunun are similar to the Yami (Taiwan aborigine), the North ChinaMongolian and the South Chinese in East Asia, and belong to, if anything, the Sinodonty cluster. Considering the above results and the estimated distribution of Sinodonty and Sundadonty in the past and the present, it cannot be reasoned that Taiwan aborigines had Sinodont characteristics since their ancestors reached Taiwan, but that Sinodontification by Chinese mainlanders has been superimposed on to the native Sundadonty who seem to have come up from the south to Taiwan. The beginning of Sinodontification in Taiwan may have been earlier than in Japan.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"102 1","pages":"33-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67046591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nuptiality and Fertility in a Japanese Village, 1760-1870","authors":"F. Kinoshita","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.317","url":null,"abstract":"山形県天童市の旧山家村に残る1760年から1870年にわたる宗門改帳を使って,江戸時代における東北地方の農民の結婚と出生を分析した。結婚に関しては,男子の場合,初婚年齢,既婚率ともに経済的要因によって強く影響されるが,女子の場合にはこのことは必ずしも言えない。この理由として,男女間の社会的,経済的地位の差が考えられる。また,山家村の出生率は時代とともに増加しているが,これは主に有配偶出生率の増加に起因し,生涯未婚率の低下が補助的に出生率の増加に寄与している。出生率の増加には,労働形態の変化,雇用機会の増大,賃金の上昇等が関与しているものと考えられろ。","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"98 1","pages":"317-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seven sutural and two foraminal non-metric characters were studied in ancient and recent skulls from Japan and surrounding areas. Variation of threeprincipal traits in most groups can be best explained by a mixture of two components, Jomon and Mongoloid, the latter one increasing in the following order: West Jomon people-East Jomon people-Hokkaido Ainu-Sakhalin Ainu-Ryukyuans -Yayoi people-Kofun people-West Japanese-Tokyo Japanese. In theJapanese and their ancestors beginning from the Yayoi period, the Mongoloid component is very similar to the one represented in modern Chinese. Its introduction to Japan in Yayoi times was abrupt and obviously caused by massive immigration.The further increase of Mongoloid traits from Yayoi to modem times was slow. Traces of Jomon (or Ainu) substratum are seen in all modern Japanese groups which is probably due to an early shift of West Jomon populations to agriculture and their mixture with the immigrants. The Okhotsk group of Hokkaido shows an unusual combination of Tunguso-Manchurian and Ainu features.
{"title":"Ainu, Japanese, their ancestors and neighbours: cranioscopic data","authors":"A. Kozintsev","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.247","url":null,"abstract":"Seven sutural and two foraminal non-metric characters were studied in ancient and recent skulls from Japan and surrounding areas. Variation of threeprincipal traits in most groups can be best explained by a mixture of two components, Jomon and Mongoloid, the latter one increasing in the following order: West Jomon people-East Jomon people-Hokkaido Ainu-Sakhalin Ainu-Ryukyuans -Yayoi people-Kofun people-West Japanese-Tokyo Japanese. In theJapanese and their ancestors beginning from the Yayoi period, the Mongoloid component is very similar to the one represented in modern Chinese. Its introduction to Japan in Yayoi times was abrupt and obviously caused by massive immigration.The further increase of Mongoloid traits from Yayoi to modem times was slow. Traces of Jomon (or Ainu) substratum are seen in all modern Japanese groups which is probably due to an early shift of West Jomon populations to agriculture and their mixture with the immigrants. The Okhotsk group of Hokkaido shows an unusual combination of Tunguso-Manchurian and Ainu features.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"98 1","pages":"247-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Incidence data of cranial nonmetric traits were analysed in eight population samples from Japan, ranging in age from 4, 000 B.P. to the present time. The trait frequencies were extremely homogeneous in the Japanese samples during the last 600 years from early medieval to modern times when no significant gene flow from overseas was evident in Japan. It was inferred that the incidence pattern of cranial nonmetric traits faithfully reflected the Japanese genetic constitution of historic times.SMITH's Mean Measures of Divergence (MMDs) based on the incidence data of 20 nonmetric traits between the protohistoric and historic Japanese samples were statistically insignificant, whereas those between the Neolithic Jomon and the foregoing Japanese samples far exceeded the significance level of 0.01. The MMDs as well as the cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis of MMDs suggested that (1) there existed population discontinuity between the Jomon and the protohistoric Kofun people; (2) the Aeneolithic Yayoi period was a phase when a number of different populations - natives and immigrants from the Continent - were struggling for their dispersals; (3) genetic constitution of the immigrants had predominated over that of the natives by the end of the Yayoi period and as a result the direct ancestral population of the modern Japanese was stablished during the protohistoric Kofun period. As for the Jomon and Ainu, their close affinity was demonstrated.
研究人员分析了来自日本的8个人口样本中颅骨非计量特征的发生率数据，这些样本的年龄范围从4000 B.P.到现在。从中世纪早期到现代，在日本没有明显的海外基因流动的过去600年里，日本样本中的特征频率非常均匀。推测颅骨非计量性状的发生模式忠实地反映了历史时期日本人的遗传构成。基于20个非度量特征发生率数据的SMITH的平均差异度量(Mean Measures of Divergence, MMDs)在原历史时期与历史时期的日本样本之间的差异不显著，而新石器时代绳纹与上述日本样本之间的差异则远远超过0.01的显著性水平。MMDs的聚类分析和主坐标分析表明:(1)绳纹人与古fun人之间存在种群不连续;(2)新石器时代的弥生时代是许多不同种群(土著和来自大陆的移民)为分散而挣扎的时期;(3)在弥生时代末期，移民的遗传体质已经超过了土著，因此在古坟时代建立了现代日本人的直系祖先群体。绳纹人和阿伊努人的亲缘关系得到了证明。
{"title":"Population History of Japan as Viewed from Cranial Nonmetric Variation","authors":"Y. Dodo, H. Ishida","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.269","url":null,"abstract":"Incidence data of cranial nonmetric traits were analysed in eight population samples from Japan, ranging in age from 4, 000 B.P. to the present time. The trait frequencies were extremely homogeneous in the Japanese samples during the last 600 years from early medieval to modern times when no significant gene flow from overseas was evident in Japan. It was inferred that the incidence pattern of cranial nonmetric traits faithfully reflected the Japanese genetic constitution of historic times.SMITH's Mean Measures of Divergence (MMDs) based on the incidence data of 20 nonmetric traits between the protohistoric and historic Japanese samples were statistically insignificant, whereas those between the Neolithic Jomon and the foregoing Japanese samples far exceeded the significance level of 0.01. The MMDs as well as the cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis of MMDs suggested that (1) there existed population discontinuity between the Jomon and the protohistoric Kofun people; (2) the Aeneolithic Yayoi period was a phase when a number of different populations - natives and immigrants from the Continent - were struggling for their dispersals; (3) genetic constitution of the immigrants had predominated over that of the natives by the end of the Yayoi period and as a result the direct ancestral population of the modern Japanese was stablished during the protohistoric Kofun period. As for the Jomon and Ainu, their close affinity was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"98 1","pages":"269-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1537/ASE1911.98.269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67046025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Anthropological Study on the Tooth Crown Morphology in the Atayal Tribe of Taiwan Aborigines:Comparative Analysis between Atayal and Some Asian-Pacific Populations","authors":"T. Takei","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.337","url":null,"abstract":"台湾 Atayal (タイヤル)族の歯冠形態を,アジア•太平洋地域の諸集団と比較し,その類縁性を検討した。その結果,Atayal は計測的形質において,サイズおよびシェイプともに本州日本人や弥生人に類似した傾向を示し,太平洋地域諸集団(Guam,Marquesas,Mokapu)や縄文人とは区別された。また,Atayal は非計測的な形質において,本州日本人や弥生人に近く,日本列島の隔離住民(アイヌ,青ケ島島民,沖縄島民),太平洋地域諸集団,Negrito および縄文人とは区別された。以上の結果から,Atayal の歯冠形態は中国•北東アジア系集団に近い傾向を示すことがわかった。","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"22 1","pages":"337-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical Fitness and Motor Ability of School Children Aged 12 to 17 by the Nine Grades of the Stout-Lean Index","authors":"Y. Yokoyama","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.303","url":null,"abstract":"肥〓度が青少年の体力•運動能力に及ぼす影響を知るために,12-17歳の男女7,849名の体力•運動能力を性•年齢別に肥〓度により9段階に分類し,分散分析法で解析した結果;1)F値が全年齢群で有意な項目は男女の握力,50m走,走り幅とび,持久走,5年齢群で有意な項目は男女のハンドボール投げ,男子の垂直とびであった;2)F値が半数以上の年齢群で有意でない項目は男女の柔軟性,女子の反復横とび,垂直とび,踏み台昇降,懸垂であった;3)SCHEFFE 法の検定結果により,肥〓段階 VII から肥満度に比例して記録の低下する走り幅とび型,肥〓段階IVまで〓身度に比例して記録の低下する握力型,肥〓段階 I,II で記録の低下するボール投げ型,あまり差のない伏臥上体そらし型などに分類された。","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"98 1","pages":"303-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
縄文時代87例,弥生時代44例,古墳時代44例,鎌倉時代30例,室町時代22例,江戸時代36例,明治時代16例の古人骨の頭部 X 線規格写真と,住民調査で得られた現代人の頭部 X 線規格写真419例を調査し,顎関節形態の時代的推移について検討した。その結果,顎関節の時代的変化はおもに関節突起に現れ,下顎窩における時代の変化には一定の傾向はみられなかった。関節突起はおおむね時代とともに細長くなるとともに,下顎頭幅は小さくなり,下顎頭の尖鋭化が進行していた。下顎窩幅に対する下顎頭幅の割合は弥生時代人と現代人で小さく,とくに現代人においてこの傾向が強く認められた。
{"title":"Secular Changes of the Temporomandibular Joint Morphology in Japanese","authors":"Yoshihiko Takahashi","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.289","url":null,"abstract":"縄文時代87例,弥生時代44例,古墳時代44例,鎌倉時代30例,室町時代22例,江戸時代36例,明治時代16例の古人骨の頭部 X 線規格写真と,住民調査で得られた現代人の頭部 X 線規格写真419例を調査し,顎関節形態の時代的推移について検討した。その結果,顎関節の時代的変化はおもに関節突起に現れ,下顎窩における時代の変化には一定の傾向はみられなかった。関節突起はおおむね時代とともに細長くなるとともに,下顎頭幅は小さくなり,下顎頭の尖鋭化が進行していた。下顎窩幅に対する下顎頭幅の割合は弥生時代人と現代人で小さく,とくに現代人においてこの傾向が強く認められた。","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"98 1","pages":"289-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Harihara, Akari Otsubo, Takako Nakamura, S. Harada, S. Misawa
Variation of a red cell enzyme, S-adenosyl L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) was surveyed among 640 Japanese individuals from four different localities.According to the typing after starch gel electrophoresis, all samples were SAHH 1 and no variant could be detected. These results were inconsistent with those of AKIYAMA et al. (1984), who reported polymorphism of the enzyme among Japanese.Control testing using Caucasian samples and panel red cells obtained from the USA, however, indicated that variant types were detectable and that the typing proceduresused in the present study was appropriate.
{"title":"Lack of Variation in S-Adenosyl L-Homocysteine Hydrolase (SAHH) Phenotype among Japanese","authors":"S. Harihara, Akari Otsubo, Takako Nakamura, S. Harada, S. Misawa","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.353","url":null,"abstract":"Variation of a red cell enzyme, S-adenosyl L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) was surveyed among 640 Japanese individuals from four different localities.According to the typing after starch gel electrophoresis, all samples were SAHH 1 and no variant could be detected. These results were inconsistent with those of AKIYAMA et al. (1984), who reported polymorphism of the enzyme among Japanese.Control testing using Caucasian samples and panel red cells obtained from the USA, however, indicated that variant types were detectable and that the typing proceduresused in the present study was appropriate.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"98 1","pages":"353-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoko Matsuyama, Momoko Uetake, Minako Kakiuchi, Tanemi Uetake, S. Yanagisawa, S. Kondo
Information about subcutaneous fat distribution over the entire body is important for clothing design as applied anthropology. The measurement of subcutaneous fat thickness by ultrasonic tomogram overcomes the limitations of skinfold calipers measurement, but its accessibility varies depending on easiness of identifying the fat-muscle interface at the measuring sites. This study examined accessibility of ultrasonic tomograms at 22 body sites in 58 young adult females.Individual differences in the tomographic image at such sites as the triceps, plural echoes from the fat layer at such sites as the trochanter, and the "dead time region"at such sites as the wrist, make the identification difficult. The 22 sites were classified into three groups according to their accessibility to measurement. Seventeen sites were confirmed to be measurable, including the sites such as the buttock and thigh whichare indispensable to the study of the apparent characteristics of the human body and obesity/leanness as a basis for the designing of comfortable clothing. The sites such as posterior neck and posterior sulcus were not considered to be accessible.
{"title":"Accessibility of B-mode Ultrasonic Measurement of Subcutaneous Fat Thickness to the 22 Sites Needed for Clothing Design","authors":"Yoko Matsuyama, Momoko Uetake, Minako Kakiuchi, Tanemi Uetake, S. Yanagisawa, S. Kondo","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.359","url":null,"abstract":"Information about subcutaneous fat distribution over the entire body is important for clothing design as applied anthropology. The measurement of subcutaneous fat thickness by ultrasonic tomogram overcomes the limitations of skinfold calipers measurement, but its accessibility varies depending on easiness of identifying the fat-muscle interface at the measuring sites. This study examined accessibility of ultrasonic tomograms at 22 body sites in 58 young adult females.Individual differences in the tomographic image at such sites as the triceps, plural echoes from the fat layer at such sites as the trochanter, and the \"dead time region\"at such sites as the wrist, make the identification difficult. The 22 sites were classified into three groups according to their accessibility to measurement. Seventeen sites were confirmed to be measurable, including the sites such as the buttock and thigh whichare indispensable to the study of the apparent characteristics of the human body and obesity/leanness as a basis for the designing of comfortable clothing. The sites such as posterior neck and posterior sulcus were not considered to be accessible.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"09 1","pages":"359-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-metric dental traits of modern human populations reflect not simply phenotypic plasticity but also reflect genetic change. In the present study, sevendiscrete crown characters were observed.The biological relationships of eleven populations from the Pacific, East Asia and North America are assessed through the application of some distance analyses.The results obtained reveal that the dental characteristics of modern mainland Japanese, the Aeneolithic Yayoi population and Pima-Indians share the classic northern components. Some geographically isolated populations in Japan show, on the other hand, closer affinities to the Neolithic Jomon population, Negritos and the Pacific populations than to modern mainland Japanese.This is evidence that modern Japanese show considerable magnitude of admixture with one of the groups of the Aeneolithic Yayoi population who migratedfrom the northern part of Asia during the Yayoi period and the succeeding age.On the other hand, the Proto-Mongoloid population of late Pleistocene Southeast Asia gave rise to the Neolithic Jomon population, and then to native Japanese.As far as the dental characteristics are concerned, Negritos may be one of the possible representatives of groups through which the basic population in Japan have passed. Based on these findings, a dental anthropological model of population diversification in East Asia and the Pacific was discussed.
{"title":"Dental Anthropological Evidence of Affinities among the Oceania and the Pan-Pacific Populations:The Basic Populations in East Asia, II","authors":"T. Hanihara","doi":"10.1537/ASE1911.98.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1537/ASE1911.98.233","url":null,"abstract":"Non-metric dental traits of modern human populations reflect not simply phenotypic plasticity but also reflect genetic change. In the present study, sevendiscrete crown characters were observed.The biological relationships of eleven populations from the Pacific, East Asia and North America are assessed through the application of some distance analyses.The results obtained reveal that the dental characteristics of modern mainland Japanese, the Aeneolithic Yayoi population and Pima-Indians share the classic northern components. Some geographically isolated populations in Japan show, on the other hand, closer affinities to the Neolithic Jomon population, Negritos and the Pacific populations than to modern mainland Japanese.This is evidence that modern Japanese show considerable magnitude of admixture with one of the groups of the Aeneolithic Yayoi population who migratedfrom the northern part of Asia during the Yayoi period and the succeeding age.On the other hand, the Proto-Mongoloid population of late Pleistocene Southeast Asia gave rise to the Neolithic Jomon population, and then to native Japanese.As far as the dental characteristics are concerned, Negritos may be one of the possible representatives of groups through which the basic population in Japan have passed. Based on these findings, a dental anthropological model of population diversification in East Asia and the Pacific was discussed.","PeriodicalId":84964,"journal":{"name":"Jinruigaku zasshi = The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nihon","volume":"98 1","pages":"233-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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