Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2004.9647748
H. Rho, Won Kim
Tenuidraconema koreensis, a new species of free‐living marine nematodes, collected from the subtidal coarse sediments and various invertebrates of Namae, is described. The new species differs from T. fiersi Decraemer, 1989, the only other species in the genus, by having the combination of the following characters: the position of twelve cephalic adhesion tubes in both sexes (anterior six cephalic adhesion tubes inserted on the rostrum and posterior six inserted on the body annules), and the number of posterior sublateral adhesion tubes (12 in male and 13 in female) and posterior subventral adhesion tubes (15 in male and 19 in female). This paper contains the description of the new species with illustrations and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photomicrographs. This is the first discovery of the monotypic genus Tenuidraconema outside the type locality.
{"title":"Tenuidraconema koreensis, a new species of marine nematodes (Adenophorea: Desmodorida) from South Korea","authors":"H. Rho, Won Kim","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2004.9647748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2004.9647748","url":null,"abstract":"Tenuidraconema koreensis, a new species of free‐living marine nematodes, collected from the subtidal coarse sediments and various invertebrates of Namae, is described. The new species differs from T. fiersi Decraemer, 1989, the only other species in the genus, by having the combination of the following characters: the position of twelve cephalic adhesion tubes in both sexes (anterior six cephalic adhesion tubes inserted on the rostrum and posterior six inserted on the body annules), and the number of posterior sublateral adhesion tubes (12 in male and 13 in female) and posterior subventral adhesion tubes (15 in male and 19 in female). This paper contains the description of the new species with illustrations and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photomicrographs. This is the first discovery of the monotypic genus Tenuidraconema outside the type locality.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"155 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2004.9647748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59656183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2004.9647756
H. Rho, Won Kim
Numerous specimens of adults and juveniles of Draconema japonicum Kito, 1976 have been found in intertidal and subtidal sediments and various algae around coast of South Korea. Draconema japonicum is recognized by the following characteristics: having an elongated loop‐shaped amphideal fovea in male and horseshoe‐shaped amphideal fovea in female, two pairs of uniformly tapered sublateral anal setae and two pairs of unevenly tapered subventral anal setae in male, eight to ten pairs in male and 13 to 15 pairs in female of posterior sublateral adhesion tubes, and five to six pairs of somatic setae on non‐striated tail region. Scanning electron photomicrographs of the species are presented with a detailed morphological description and a key to the species of the genus Draconema Cobb, 1913. This is the first discovery of D. japonicum outside the Japanese waters.
{"title":"Redescription of the free‐living marine nematode species, draconema japonicum kito, 1976 (nematoda: Draconematidae), by scanning electron microscopy","authors":"H. Rho, Won Kim","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2004.9647756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2004.9647756","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous specimens of adults and juveniles of Draconema japonicum Kito, 1976 have been found in intertidal and subtidal sediments and various algae around coast of South Korea. Draconema japonicum is recognized by the following characteristics: having an elongated loop‐shaped amphideal fovea in male and horseshoe‐shaped amphideal fovea in female, two pairs of uniformly tapered sublateral anal setae and two pairs of unevenly tapered subventral anal setae in male, eight to ten pairs in male and 13 to 15 pairs in female of posterior sublateral adhesion tubes, and five to six pairs of somatic setae on non‐striated tail region. Scanning electron photomicrographs of the species are presented with a detailed morphological description and a key to the species of the genus Draconema Cobb, 1913. This is the first discovery of D. japonicum outside the Japanese waters.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"235 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2004.9647756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59656212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2004.9647739
Shi‐Ryong Park, Seokwan Cheong, Hoon Chung
The bush warblers (Cettia diphone) have been recognized to possess two types of songs: a normal song that plays roles in attracting mate and territorial defense, and an anomalous song. The present study suggests that the anomalous song functions as an alarm signal as well as other unknown signals. Field observations and playback experiments on the anomalous song of bush warbler were conducted in order to investigate the contextual information that occurred between sender and receiver. In the field observation, the males frequently emitted anomalous songs to potential predators. The males responded with an anomalous song to stuffed potential predators. The distance from where the anomalous song occurs to the stimulating source varied depending upon the kinds of stimulus. The males of bush warbler possibly show different responses to the anomalous song depending on the level of danger. When the anomalous song was played back to terrestrial males and females, no distinctive behavior was observed. The anomalous song may be sung to defend the territory against predators or to distract invaders from the nest and female because the male and female behaviors were related with the anomalous song and its phonetic characteristics.
{"title":"Behavioral function of the anomalous song in the bush warbler, Cettia diphone","authors":"Shi‐Ryong Park, Seokwan Cheong, Hoon Chung","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2004.9647739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2004.9647739","url":null,"abstract":"The bush warblers (Cettia diphone) have been recognized to possess two types of songs: a normal song that plays roles in attracting mate and territorial defense, and an anomalous song. The present study suggests that the anomalous song functions as an alarm signal as well as other unknown signals. Field observations and playback experiments on the anomalous song of bush warbler were conducted in order to investigate the contextual information that occurred between sender and receiver. In the field observation, the males frequently emitted anomalous songs to potential predators. The males responded with an anomalous song to stuffed potential predators. The distance from where the anomalous song occurs to the stimulating source varied depending upon the kinds of stimulus. The males of bush warbler possibly show different responses to the anomalous song depending on the level of danger. When the anomalous song was played back to terrestrial males and females, no distinctive behavior was observed. The anomalous song may be sung to defend the territory against predators or to distract invaders from the nest and female because the male and female behaviors were related with the anomalous song and its phonetic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"89 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2004.9647739","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59656398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-03-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647675
Quan Chen, Meredith Crosby, Alex Almasan
Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is one of the most studied areas of modern biology. Apoptosis is a genetically regulated process, which plays an essential role in the development and homeostasis of higher organisms. Mitochondria, known to play a central role in regulating cellular metabolism, was found to be critical for regulating apoptosis induced under both physiological and pathological conditions. Mitochondria are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but they can also serve as its target during the apoptosis process. Release of apoptogenic factors from mitochondria, the best known of which is cytochrome c, leads to assembly of a large apoptosis-inducing complex called the apoptosome. Cysteine proteases (called caspases) are recruited to this complex and, following their activation by proteolytic cleavage, activate other caspases, which in turn target for specific cleavage a large number of cellular proteins. The redox regulation of apoptosis during and after cytochrome c release is an area of intense investigation. This review summarizes what is known about the biological role of ROS and its targets in apoptosis with an emphasis on its intricate connections to mitochondria and the basic components of cell death.
{"title":"Redox Regulation of Apoptosis before and after Cytochrome C Release.","authors":"Quan Chen, Meredith Crosby, Alex Almasan","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2003.9647675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is one of the most studied areas of modern biology. Apoptosis is a genetically regulated process, which plays an essential role in the development and homeostasis of higher organisms. Mitochondria, known to play a central role in regulating cellular metabolism, was found to be critical for regulating apoptosis induced under both physiological and pathological conditions. Mitochondria are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but they can also serve as its target during the apoptosis process. Release of apoptogenic factors from mitochondria, the best known of which is cytochrome c, leads to assembly of a large apoptosis-inducing complex called the apoptosome. Cysteine proteases (called caspases) are recruited to this complex and, following their activation by proteolytic cleavage, activate other caspases, which in turn target for specific cleavage a large number of cellular proteins. The redox regulation of apoptosis during and after cytochrome c release is an area of intense investigation. This review summarizes what is known about the biological role of ROS and its targets in apoptosis with an emphasis on its intricate connections to mitochondria and the basic components of cell death.</p>","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25847281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647681
Jong-Young Park, Yong-Joo Lee, Ik-Soo Kim, So-Young Kim
The skin of the eel goby, Odontamblyopus lacepedii, consists of epidermis, dermis and subcutis. The epidermis has three layers: the outermost layer, middle layer and stratum germinativum. The outermost layer is composed of polygonal cells or rather flattened cells, and mucous gland cells of acid mucopolysaccharides. The middle layer consists mainly of swollen small or voluminous epidermal cells and shows a web‐shaped structure. The thickness of the epidermis depends on the various sizes and the number of layers of the swollen cells. Well‐developed lymphatic spaces containing lymphocytes exist in the stratum germinativum and small scales are embedded in the dermis. A large number of blood capillaries are present just below the basement membrane, and a definite area giving AB and PAS positive was present between the basement membrane and scales. Taste buds are distributed on surface of the epidermis at intervals. Considering the structural features of the skin, it may be considered that O. lacepedii is more likely to be related to cutaneous respiration as a dual respiratory system.
{"title":"Morphological and Cytochemical study on the skin of Korean eel goby, Odontamblyopus lacepedii (Pisces, Gobiidae)","authors":"Jong-Young Park, Yong-Joo Lee, Ik-Soo Kim, So-Young Kim","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2003.9647681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647681","url":null,"abstract":"The skin of the eel goby, Odontamblyopus lacepedii, consists of epidermis, dermis and subcutis. The epidermis has three layers: the outermost layer, middle layer and stratum germinativum. The outermost layer is composed of polygonal cells or rather flattened cells, and mucous gland cells of acid mucopolysaccharides. The middle layer consists mainly of swollen small or voluminous epidermal cells and shows a web‐shaped structure. The thickness of the epidermis depends on the various sizes and the number of layers of the swollen cells. Well‐developed lymphatic spaces containing lymphocytes exist in the stratum germinativum and small scales are embedded in the dermis. A large number of blood capillaries are present just below the basement membrane, and a definite area giving AB and PAS positive was present between the basement membrane and scales. Taste buds are distributed on surface of the epidermis at intervals. Considering the structural features of the skin, it may be considered that O. lacepedii is more likely to be related to cutaneous respiration as a dual respiratory system.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"43 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59655115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647682
Myung-A Kim, H. S. Lee
The fiber projection from the prefrontal cortex to the locus coeruleus (LC) in the periventricular region was analyzed in rat using anterograde and retrograde tracing methods. Following injection of an anterograde tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA‐L), into prelimbic and infralimbic regions of the medial prefrontal cortex, labeled axonal fibers with varicosities were observed bilaterally within the LC, with ipsilateral predominance. Terminal labeling was also observed in the region medial to the nucleus at rostral to middle levels of the LC, whereas axonal labeling in the caudal LC was minimal. Anterogradely‐labeled axonal fibers were not found in the subcoerulear region. A retrograde tracer, gold‐conjugated and inactivated wheatgerm‐agglutinin horseradish‐peroxidase (WGA‐apo‐HRP‐gold), was injected into several rostro‐caudal levels of the LC. Majority of retrogradely‐labeled cells were observed in the prelimbic or infralimbic regions of the medial prefrontal cortex when the injections were made into rostral to middle levels of the LC. Only a few cells were observed in cingulate, dorsal peduncular, orbital, or insular cortices. The present findings suggest that the nucleus LC receives restricted, excitatory inputs from cognitive, emotional, and autonomic centers of the cerebral cortex and might secondarily have influences on widespread brain regions via its diversified monoaminergic innervation.
采用正反行示踪法分析了大鼠前额叶皮层向脑室周围蓝斑区(LC)的纤维投射。将顺行示踪剂Phaseolus vulgaris白细胞凝集素(PHA‐L)注射到内侧前额叶皮层的边缘前区和边缘下区后，在LC内观察到双侧具有静脉曲张的标记轴突纤维，并以同侧为主。在吻侧至中间水平的核内侧区域也观察到末端标记，而尾侧LC的轴突标记则很少。在核下区未发现顺行标记的轴突纤维。一种逆行示踪剂，金偶联和灭活的小麦胚芽-凝集素-辣根-过氧化物酶(WGA - apo - HRP - gold)，被注射到几个逆行-尾侧水平的LC中。当将逆行标记的细胞注射到左前额叶的吻侧至中间水平时，在内侧前额叶皮层的边缘前或边缘下区域观察到大多数逆行标记的细胞。只有少量细胞在扣带、背花梗、眶和岛状皮质中被观察到。目前的研究结果表明，LC核接受来自大脑皮层的认知、情绪和自主神经中心的限制性兴奋性输入，并可能通过其多样化的单胺神经支配对广泛的大脑区域产生继发影响。
{"title":"Descending projections from the prefrontal cortex to the locus coeruleus of the rat","authors":"Myung-A Kim, H. S. Lee","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2003.9647682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647682","url":null,"abstract":"The fiber projection from the prefrontal cortex to the locus coeruleus (LC) in the periventricular region was analyzed in rat using anterograde and retrograde tracing methods. Following injection of an anterograde tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA‐L), into prelimbic and infralimbic regions of the medial prefrontal cortex, labeled axonal fibers with varicosities were observed bilaterally within the LC, with ipsilateral predominance. Terminal labeling was also observed in the region medial to the nucleus at rostral to middle levels of the LC, whereas axonal labeling in the caudal LC was minimal. Anterogradely‐labeled axonal fibers were not found in the subcoerulear region. A retrograde tracer, gold‐conjugated and inactivated wheatgerm‐agglutinin horseradish‐peroxidase (WGA‐apo‐HRP‐gold), was injected into several rostro‐caudal levels of the LC. Majority of retrogradely‐labeled cells were observed in the prelimbic or infralimbic regions of the medial prefrontal cortex when the injections were made into rostral to middle levels of the LC. Only a few cells were observed in cingulate, dorsal peduncular, orbital, or insular cortices. The present findings suggest that the nucleus LC receives restricted, excitatory inputs from cognitive, emotional, and autonomic centers of the cerebral cortex and might secondarily have influences on widespread brain regions via its diversified monoaminergic innervation.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"49 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59655127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647677
Hoi-Jeong Yang, Min Jeong Kim, Chang Hyun Kim
Early zoeas of snapping shrimps Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1850 and A. sudara Banner and Banner, 1966 are described and illustrated in detail, based on laboratory‐reared materials. A provisional key to the known first alpheid zoeas from Korean coast is provided.
根据实验室饲养的材料，详细描述和说明了捕虾的早期动物Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1850年和A. sudara Banner和Banner, 1966年。提供了韩国海岸已知的第一批阿尔法星的临时钥匙。
{"title":"Early zoeas of Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1850 and Alpheus sudara Banner and Banner, 1966 (Decapoda, Caridea, Alpheidae) reared in the laboratory","authors":"Hoi-Jeong Yang, Min Jeong Kim, Chang Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2003.9647677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647677","url":null,"abstract":"Early zoeas of snapping shrimps Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1850 and A. sudara Banner and Banner, 1966 are described and illustrated in detail, based on laboratory‐reared materials. A provisional key to the known first alpheid zoeas from Korean coast is provided.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"15 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59655412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647679
Y. Gil, Jun Hyuk Lee, Young-Hyun Choi, D. Moon, U. Jo, B. Choi
To understand the adaptational strategy of Korean chipmunks (Tamias sibiricus) to cold temperature, blood and serum properties, and thyroid gland activity of cold‐exposed chipmunks were examined. The number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin concentration increased, but platelets decreased in cold‐exposed chipmunks compared with warm chipmunks. Serum total protein levels increased at early phase of cold‐exposure, and decreased thereafter. Plasma glucose levels showed a transitory increase in cold temperature. Although there was significant decrease in serum total thyroxine level in cold‐exposed chipmunks, serum total triiodothyronine level changed little. Histological analysis of thyroid glands demonstrated decreased thyroid activity, suggesting that differences in the blood and serum properties between the warm and cold‐exposed chipmunks may be due to the different metabolic strategy associated with cold temperature.
{"title":"Blood and serum analyses of cold‐exposed chipmunks","authors":"Y. Gil, Jun Hyuk Lee, Young-Hyun Choi, D. Moon, U. Jo, B. Choi","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2003.9647679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647679","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the adaptational strategy of Korean chipmunks (Tamias sibiricus) to cold temperature, blood and serum properties, and thyroid gland activity of cold‐exposed chipmunks were examined. The number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin concentration increased, but platelets decreased in cold‐exposed chipmunks compared with warm chipmunks. Serum total protein levels increased at early phase of cold‐exposure, and decreased thereafter. Plasma glucose levels showed a transitory increase in cold temperature. Although there was significant decrease in serum total thyroxine level in cold‐exposed chipmunks, serum total triiodothyronine level changed little. Histological analysis of thyroid glands demonstrated decreased thyroid activity, suggesting that differences in the blood and serum properties between the warm and cold‐exposed chipmunks may be due to the different metabolic strategy associated with cold temperature.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"29 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59655528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647722
Y. Jung, Sungwon J. Hong
Corticostriatal connections of auditory areas within the rostral and caudal portions of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and in the supratemporal plane (STP) of pigtail macaque (Macacca nemestrina) were studied with particular emphasis on specific projections to the ventral striatum. Retrograde tracers were injected into five different regions of the ventral striatum such as the ventromedial caudate nucleus, ventral shell, central shell, dorsal core of the nucleus accumbens (NA), and ventrolateral putamen to identify the cells of origin. There were only few projections from the auditory areas in the STP to the ventral striatum. However, the association (or belt) areas of the STG collectively had widespread corticostriatal projections characterized by differential topographic distributions. The rostral parts of the STG strongly projected to the ventromedial caudate nucleus. The mid‐portion of the STG also projected to the same ventral striatal regions, but the connections were relatively less extensive. Interestingly, the caudal portion of the STG had no connection to all subregions of the ventral striatum. These differential patterns of corticostriatal connectivity suggest that the ventromedial caudate nucleus would be a major auditory convergence area and mainly involved in sound recognition rather than spatial localization of sound sources.
{"title":"Corticostriatal connections of the superior temporal regions in the macaque monkey","authors":"Y. Jung, Sungwon J. Hong","doi":"10.1080/12265071.2003.9647722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647722","url":null,"abstract":"Corticostriatal connections of auditory areas within the rostral and caudal portions of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and in the supratemporal plane (STP) of pigtail macaque (Macacca nemestrina) were studied with particular emphasis on specific projections to the ventral striatum. Retrograde tracers were injected into five different regions of the ventral striatum such as the ventromedial caudate nucleus, ventral shell, central shell, dorsal core of the nucleus accumbens (NA), and ventrolateral putamen to identify the cells of origin. There were only few projections from the auditory areas in the STP to the ventral striatum. However, the association (or belt) areas of the STG collectively had widespread corticostriatal projections characterized by differential topographic distributions. The rostral parts of the STG strongly projected to the ventromedial caudate nucleus. The mid‐portion of the STG also projected to the same ventral striatal regions, but the connections were relatively less extensive. Interestingly, the caudal portion of the STG had no connection to all subregions of the ventral striatum. These differential patterns of corticostriatal connectivity suggest that the ventromedial caudate nucleus would be a major auditory convergence area and mainly involved in sound recognition rather than spatial localization of sound sources.","PeriodicalId":85060,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of biological sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"317 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/12265071.2003.9647722","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59655809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647714
S. Park, H. Hwang, Young-Ho Lee, K. You, K. Shin, O. Kwon
Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, ERp29, in traumatized rat spinal cord was investigated. Compared to the control, ERp29 expression was down‐regulated at the lesion site 1 d after spinal cord injury. However, ERp29 expression gradually increased from 3 d after the injury and peaked remarkably after 7 d. Two ER chaperones (GRP94 and BiP) showed constantly strong expression levels 1 d after spinal cord injury while the expression levels of the other two (calnexin and PDI) were unchanged. In the case of ERp72, its expression level was increased 1 d after the injury and gradually decreased thereafter. This study suggests that ERp29 expression in the spinal cord after traumatic injury might be associated with the posttraumatic neural survival, playing a role as a molecular chaperone.
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