The current study focuses on the development, optimization, and assessment of bilastine orodispersible tablets (ODTs) for the treatment of allergic disorders such as rhino-conjunctivitis and urticaria flavour concealed by an organoleptic technique. The formulation was optimized based on the direct compression method by the use of various super disintegrants such as cross povidone, sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium. The excellent product performance of ODTs in terms of disintegration time and in-vitro drug release may be achieved by varying the amount of super disintegrants. The direct compression approach was used to create novel anti-histamine Orodispersible tablets of bilastine. Design expert software was used to create nine formulations (BLS1-BLS9) by altering super disintegrant concentrations in order to optimise the optimal formulation using 32 factorial design and central composite design in the quadratic model (version 13.0.5.0). Pre-Compression studies like bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, carr's index, Hausner’s ratio to note flow properties of powder and compatibility such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed to check any interaction between drug and various super disintegrant. The hardness, thickness, diameter, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, dissolution studies, wetting time, and uniformity of content of formulated ODTs were all evaluated. All the results were within the acceptable pharmacopeial limits and were evaluated statistically by using one-way ANOVA test. From the result, BLS8 was observed optimized formulation prepared by taste masking by an organoleptic method as a novel technique using direct compression as conventional technology containing a combination of various sweetening and flavoring agents such as orange and peppermint flavor.
{"title":"Formulation Optimization and Evaluation of Novel Oro-dispersible Tablet of Bilastine","authors":"Shaikh Samir, Harshada Dhande, Shashikant Barhate, Manoj Bari, Rahul Tade","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00028","url":null,"abstract":"The current study focuses on the development, optimization, and assessment of bilastine orodispersible tablets (ODTs) for the treatment of allergic disorders such as rhino-conjunctivitis and urticaria flavour concealed by an organoleptic technique. The formulation was optimized based on the direct compression method by the use of various super disintegrants such as cross povidone, sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium. The excellent product performance of ODTs in terms of disintegration time and in-vitro drug release may be achieved by varying the amount of super disintegrants. The direct compression approach was used to create novel anti-histamine Orodispersible tablets of bilastine. Design expert software was used to create nine formulations (BLS1-BLS9) by altering super disintegrant concentrations in order to optimise the optimal formulation using 32 factorial design and central composite design in the quadratic model (version 13.0.5.0). Pre-Compression studies like bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, carr's index, Hausner’s ratio to note flow properties of powder and compatibility such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed to check any interaction between drug and various super disintegrant. The hardness, thickness, diameter, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, dissolution studies, wetting time, and uniformity of content of formulated ODTs were all evaluated. All the results were within the acceptable pharmacopeial limits and were evaluated statistically by using one-way ANOVA test. From the result, BLS8 was observed optimized formulation prepared by taste masking by an organoleptic method as a novel technique using direct compression as conventional technology containing a combination of various sweetening and flavoring agents such as orange and peppermint flavor.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer remains a global challenge for clinicians and researchers alike, with an increasing mortality rate. Despite enormous progress in anticancer drug discovery, there is a constant demand for novel therapeutic agents due to resistance to existing chemotherapeutic drugs and their adverse side effects. Natural anticancer drugs have been shown to be both effective and safe in the treatment of cancer. Over 70% of the earth's surface and 95% of its tropical biosphere are covered by the oceans. 50% of the Earth's biodiversity, or 34 out of the 36 phyla, is made up of marine organisms. The majority of oceanic organisms are members of the marine flora, which also includes sponges, seaweed, algae, cyanobacteria, and marine fungi. These marine sources have created a significant opportunity for the discovery of novel anticancer compounds due to their taxonomically diverse and biological characteristics. Numerous marine compounds with potent anticancer properties have recently been identified, and clinical studies have demonstrated their effectiveness. The majority of them are sulfated polysaccharides and polyphenols, which are renowned for their powerful antioxidant, antitumor. Thus, the current chapter focuses on natural anticancer compounds and their derivatives that are undergoing clinical trials.
{"title":"Natural Marine Anticancer compounds and their derivatives used in Clinical Trials","authors":"Arijita Singla, Varsha Singh, Komal Kumari, Sonam Pathak, Arjun Singh","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00042","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer remains a global challenge for clinicians and researchers alike, with an increasing mortality rate. Despite enormous progress in anticancer drug discovery, there is a constant demand for novel therapeutic agents due to resistance to existing chemotherapeutic drugs and their adverse side effects. Natural anticancer drugs have been shown to be both effective and safe in the treatment of cancer. Over 70% of the earth's surface and 95% of its tropical biosphere are covered by the oceans. 50% of the Earth's biodiversity, or 34 out of the 36 phyla, is made up of marine organisms. The majority of oceanic organisms are members of the marine flora, which also includes sponges, seaweed, algae, cyanobacteria, and marine fungi. These marine sources have created a significant opportunity for the discovery of novel anticancer compounds due to their taxonomically diverse and biological characteristics. Numerous marine compounds with potent anticancer properties have recently been identified, and clinical studies have demonstrated their effectiveness. The majority of them are sulfated polysaccharides and polyphenols, which are renowned for their powerful antioxidant, antitumor. Thus, the current chapter focuses on natural anticancer compounds and their derivatives that are undergoing clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00040
Wajid Ahmad, Rihan Jawed, Irfan Khan, Rizwan Khallel, Danish Hakam
The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family has many vital capabilities in cellular processes, together with the law of transcription, apoptosis, and the DNA damage reaction. PARP1 possesses Poly (ADP-ribose) pastime and whilst activated via DNA harm, adds branched PAR chains to facilitate the recruitment of different restore proteins to promote the restore of DNA unmarried-strand breaks. PARP inhibitors (PARP1) had been the first approved cancer drugs that in particular focused the DNA damage response in BRCA1/2 mutated ovarian cancers. Considering the fact that then, there have been sizable advances in our know-how of the mechanisms in the back of sensitization of tumors to PARP inhibitors and enlargement of the use of PARP1 to treat several different most cancers types. right here, we assessment the current advances inside the proposed mechanisms of motion of PARP1, biomarkers of the tumor reaction to PARP1, clinical advances in PARP1 therapy, together with the capacity of mixture treatment plans and mechanisms of tumor resistance.
{"title":"A Review on Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) - An Enzyme that Share the ability to Catalyze the Transfer of ADP-Ribose to Target Proteins","authors":"Wajid Ahmad, Rihan Jawed, Irfan Khan, Rizwan Khallel, Danish Hakam","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00040","url":null,"abstract":"The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family has many vital capabilities in cellular processes, together with the law of transcription, apoptosis, and the DNA damage reaction. PARP1 possesses Poly (ADP-ribose) pastime and whilst activated via DNA harm, adds branched PAR chains to facilitate the recruitment of different restore proteins to promote the restore of DNA unmarried-strand breaks. PARP inhibitors (PARP1) had been the first approved cancer drugs that in particular focused the DNA damage response in BRCA1/2 mutated ovarian cancers. Considering the fact that then, there have been sizable advances in our know-how of the mechanisms in the back of sensitization of tumors to PARP inhibitors and enlargement of the use of PARP1 to treat several different most cancers types. right here, we assessment the current advances inside the proposed mechanisms of motion of PARP1, biomarkers of the tumor reaction to PARP1, clinical advances in PARP1 therapy, together with the capacity of mixture treatment plans and mechanisms of tumor resistance.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00038
Arjun Singh
Traditional medicine is a set of knowledge, abilities, and procedures based on assumptions, beliefs, and experiences of traditional societies in order to preserve their health. In many undeveloped countries, many rural or indigenous people place a great importance on traditional herbal medicines. The World Health Organization estimates that 60% of rural Indians use. The usage of herbal supplements increased from 2.5% to 12% over the previous five years. India's transition from traditional to modern medicine has been made easier by the examination of novel drugs, especially those made using components derived from plants. Tannins, alkaloids, sugars, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and phenols are a few of the chemical elements included in therapeutic plants that have a specific physiological impact on the human body. Natural therapeutic properties are just one benefit of medicinal plants; they also offer natural disease prevention. In this comprehensive review study research, we are making an effort to summarize, collect the number of plants, and identify their ethnopharmacological characteristics.
{"title":"Withania somnifera (L.) Ashwagandha: A Review on Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, Biomedicinal and Traditional uses","authors":"Arjun Singh","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00038","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional medicine is a set of knowledge, abilities, and procedures based on assumptions, beliefs, and experiences of traditional societies in order to preserve their health. In many undeveloped countries, many rural or indigenous people place a great importance on traditional herbal medicines. The World Health Organization estimates that 60% of rural Indians use. The usage of herbal supplements increased from 2.5% to 12% over the previous five years. India's transition from traditional to modern medicine has been made easier by the examination of novel drugs, especially those made using components derived from plants. Tannins, alkaloids, sugars, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and phenols are a few of the chemical elements included in therapeutic plants that have a specific physiological impact on the human body. Natural therapeutic properties are just one benefit of medicinal plants; they also offer natural disease prevention. In this comprehensive review study research, we are making an effort to summarize, collect the number of plants, and identify their ethnopharmacological characteristics.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00029
K. Radhika, Bitla Pravalika, Ramya Sri. S
Analytical Method Development and Validation for Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and Combined Dosage Form by RP-HPLC. New method was established for simultaneous estimation of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazideby RP-HPLC method. The chromatographic conditions were successfully developed for the separation of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazideby using Inertsil C18 (4.6mm ×250mm, 5µm particle size), flow rate was 1.0ml/min, mobile phase ratio was (55:45% v/v) Methanol: Phosphate buffer pH 4.8 (pH was adjusted with ortho phosphoricacid), detection wavelength was 282nm. The instrument used was WATERS Alliance 2695 separation module, Software: Empower 2, 996 PDA detector. The retention times were found to be 1.688mins and 3.282mins. The %purity of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazidewas found to be 99.86%. The system suitability parameters for Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazidesuch as theoretical plates and tailing factor were found to be 7586, 1.69 and 6235 and 1.58, the resolution were found to be 10.85. The analytical method was validated according to ICH guidelines (ICH, Q2 (R1)). The linearity study ofSpironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazidewas found in concentration range of 100µg-500µg and 30µg - 70µg and correlation coefficient (r2) was found to be 0.999 and 0.999, % recovery was found to be 100.112% and 100.16%, %RSD for repeatability was 0.1702 and 0.043 respectively. The precision study was precise, robust, and repeatable. The LOD value was found to be 2.1µg/ml and 1.28µg/ml, and LOQ value was 6.3µg/ml and 3.84µg/ml for Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiaziderespectively. Hence the suggested RP-HPLC method can be used for routine analysis of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide in API and Pharmaceutical dosage form.
{"title":"Analytical Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide in Bulk and Tablet Dosage form by High Performance Liquid Chromatography","authors":"K. Radhika, Bitla Pravalika, Ramya Sri. S","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00029","url":null,"abstract":"Analytical Method Development and Validation for Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and Combined Dosage Form by RP-HPLC. New method was established for simultaneous estimation of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazideby RP-HPLC method. The chromatographic conditions were successfully developed for the separation of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazideby using Inertsil C18 (4.6mm ×250mm, 5µm particle size), flow rate was 1.0ml/min, mobile phase ratio was (55:45% v/v) Methanol: Phosphate buffer pH 4.8 (pH was adjusted with ortho phosphoricacid), detection wavelength was 282nm. The instrument used was WATERS Alliance 2695 separation module, Software: Empower 2, 996 PDA detector. The retention times were found to be 1.688mins and 3.282mins. The %purity of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazidewas found to be 99.86%. The system suitability parameters for Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazidesuch as theoretical plates and tailing factor were found to be 7586, 1.69 and 6235 and 1.58, the resolution were found to be 10.85. The analytical method was validated according to ICH guidelines (ICH, Q2 (R1)). The linearity study ofSpironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazidewas found in concentration range of 100µg-500µg and 30µg - 70µg and correlation coefficient (r2) was found to be 0.999 and 0.999, % recovery was found to be 100.112% and 100.16%, %RSD for repeatability was 0.1702 and 0.043 respectively. The precision study was precise, robust, and repeatable. The LOD value was found to be 2.1µg/ml and 1.28µg/ml, and LOQ value was 6.3µg/ml and 3.84µg/ml for Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiaziderespectively. Hence the suggested RP-HPLC method can be used for routine analysis of Spironolactone and Hydrochlorothiazide in API and Pharmaceutical dosage form.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acrivastine has a short biological half-life of 1.9 hour and having less bioavailability which necessitates multiple daily dosing hence the present study was aimed to develop a controlled release formulation of Acrivastine to reduce the dose related side effects and to reduce the dosage regimen. The present research project aimed to develop a Control release oral formulation of anticancer drug Acrivastine, Acrivastine used for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis such as sneezing, rhinorrhea, pruritus, lacrimation, and nasal congestion. Polymers like HPMC K4M, Carbopol 940 and HPMC K 15M were used for controlling the drug release, and the polymers are mixed in a predetermined ratio. Totally 9 formulations were prepared and evaluated for pre compression and post compression parameters, and all the results were found to be within the limits. From the drug and excipients compatability studies (FT-IR) it was confirmed that the drug and excipients used weren’t have any interactions. The in vitro dissolution studies revealed that the F9 formulation containing 150mg of HPMC K 15M controls the drug release up to 12 hours. So HPMC K 15M containing F9 formulation was considered to be suitable for the formulation of Acrivastine controlled release tablets at 150mg, and the drug release kinetics revealed that the F9 formulation shows super case transport mechanism.
吖伐他汀生物半衰期短，仅1.9小时，生物利用度较低，需要每日多次给药，因此本研究旨在开发一种吖伐他汀控释制剂，以减少剂量相关的副作用，缩短给药方案。本课题旨在研制抗癌药物吖伐他汀控释口服制剂，用于缓解季节性变应性鼻炎的症状，如打喷嚏、鼻漏、瘙痒、流泪、鼻塞等。采用HPMC K4M、Carbopol 940、HPMC K 15M等高分子聚合物控制药物释放，并按预定比例混合。共制备了9个配方，并对其进行了压缩前和压缩后的参数评价，结果均在限定范围内。从药物与辅料相容性研究(FT-IR)中证实，所使用的药物与辅料没有相互作用。体外溶出度研究表明，含150mg HPMC k15m的F9制剂可控制药物释放长达12小时。因此，认为含F9的HPMC K 15M制剂适合作为150mg吖啶伐他汀控释片的制剂，药物释放动力学表明F9制剂具有超强的病例转运机制。
{"title":"Formulation and In vitro Evaluation of Acrivastine Controlled Release Tablets","authors":"Nirmala Dasari, Retvik Chandra Padala, Sudhakar Muvva","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00018","url":null,"abstract":"Acrivastine has a short biological half-life of 1.9 hour and having less bioavailability which necessitates multiple daily dosing hence the present study was aimed to develop a controlled release formulation of Acrivastine to reduce the dose related side effects and to reduce the dosage regimen. The present research project aimed to develop a Control release oral formulation of anticancer drug Acrivastine, Acrivastine used for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis such as sneezing, rhinorrhea, pruritus, lacrimation, and nasal congestion. Polymers like HPMC K4M, Carbopol 940 and HPMC K 15M were used for controlling the drug release, and the polymers are mixed in a predetermined ratio. Totally 9 formulations were prepared and evaluated for pre compression and post compression parameters, and all the results were found to be within the limits. From the drug and excipients compatability studies (FT-IR) it was confirmed that the drug and excipients used weren’t have any interactions. The in vitro dissolution studies revealed that the F9 formulation containing 150mg of HPMC K 15M controls the drug release up to 12 hours. So HPMC K 15M containing F9 formulation was considered to be suitable for the formulation of Acrivastine controlled release tablets at 150mg, and the drug release kinetics revealed that the F9 formulation shows super case transport mechanism.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81425598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00021
Suresh A. Marnoor
Organ-on-a-chip (OOAC), also known as microphysiological systems or 'tissue chips' (the names are interchangeable), have gained a lot of attention in recent years because of their ability to provide information at different phases of the drug development process. This cutting-edge technology could help researchers better understand normal human organ function and disease pathology, as well as forecast the safety and efficacy of experimental medications in humans. As a result, they are expected to be beneficial supplements to standard preclinical cell culture methods and in vivo animal research in the near future, and possibly even replacements in the long run. This article presents an overview of this rapidly expanding technology.
{"title":"A Short Review on Organ-on-a-chip Technology","authors":"Suresh A. Marnoor","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00021","url":null,"abstract":"Organ-on-a-chip (OOAC), also known as microphysiological systems or 'tissue chips' (the names are interchangeable), have gained a lot of attention in recent years because of their ability to provide information at different phases of the drug development process. This cutting-edge technology could help researchers better understand normal human organ function and disease pathology, as well as forecast the safety and efficacy of experimental medications in humans. As a result, they are expected to be beneficial supplements to standard preclinical cell culture methods and in vivo animal research in the near future, and possibly even replacements in the long run. This article presents an overview of this rapidly expanding technology.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90697117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00024
J. Banerjee, R. Chanda, Subhasis Samanta, D. Karati
ABSTRACT: Background: A novel human virus called coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, has become a pandemic disease. It was started last week of November 2019 in Wuhan, a city in China. It causes severe respiratory tract infections and other diseases. It is transmitted from human to human within incubation times between two to ten days. It is spread via droplets, contaminated hands, or surfaces. Recently research concluded the new SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus that causes the Covid-19 disease has a mutated gene that is found in the HIV virus. Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are two major types of the parasite which causes malaria in human. Main Body: More than 200 countries throughout the world have become suffered from malaria, and every year a large number of people die by the cause of malaria. We observed that there was no significant effect of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19 on malaria-affected countries. As per the recommendation given by World Health Organization, Artemisinin and its derivatives like Dihydroartemisinin, Artemether, Arteether, and Artesunate are used to kill parasites at an early phase of their development, quickly decreasing their numbers. Among all derivatives, Artesunate has the activity against HIV virus, and HIV virus has some structural similarity with coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 as both are RNA-based virus. There is a possibility for using Artesunate in malaria-infected countries; the coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 is unable to show a significant impact on malaria-affected countries. Conclusion: Zinc can increase the immunity against viral infections, especially on those viruses that cause infection in the respiratory tract. In our hypothesis, we suggest the use of Artesunate along with Zinc as a prophylaxis agent against coronavirus, COVID-19.
{"title":"Control of COVID-19 using Artesunate, an Antimalarial First Line Drug: A Review","authors":"J. Banerjee, R. Chanda, Subhasis Samanta, D. Karati","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00024","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Background: A novel human virus called coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, has become a pandemic disease. It was started last week of November 2019 in Wuhan, a city in China. It causes severe respiratory tract infections and other diseases. It is transmitted from human to human within incubation times between two to ten days. It is spread via droplets, contaminated hands, or surfaces. Recently research concluded the new SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus that causes the Covid-19 disease has a mutated gene that is found in the HIV virus. Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are two major types of the parasite which causes malaria in human. Main Body: More than 200 countries throughout the world have become suffered from malaria, and every year a large number of people die by the cause of malaria. We observed that there was no significant effect of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19 on malaria-affected countries. As per the recommendation given by World Health Organization, Artemisinin and its derivatives like Dihydroartemisinin, Artemether, Arteether, and Artesunate are used to kill parasites at an early phase of their development, quickly decreasing their numbers. Among all derivatives, Artesunate has the activity against HIV virus, and HIV virus has some structural similarity with coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 as both are RNA-based virus. There is a possibility for using Artesunate in malaria-infected countries; the coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 is unable to show a significant impact on malaria-affected countries. Conclusion: Zinc can increase the immunity against viral infections, especially on those viruses that cause infection in the respiratory tract. In our hypothesis, we suggest the use of Artesunate along with Zinc as a prophylaxis agent against coronavirus, COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90525924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00022
Jayhind L Bharti, Anjali M. Wankhade, J. Vyas, Vivek V. Paithankar, Pratiksha R Morey
The second-leading cause of cancer-related death in women is breast cancer, which is the most prevalent disease among females. The majority of breast cancers (about 70%) fall under the luminal A subtype, which is indicated by the presence of the estrogen receptor (ER +) but not by the amplified human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2). The understanding of breast cancer has advanced with the identification of various intrinsic subtypes. This review focuses on the landscape of the luminal A subtype, its standard treatment regimen, under process clinical trial and the novel treatment regimens of luminal A breast cancer. OTUD7B oestrogen receptor stabiliser, BTG2 as a tumour target, CCAT2 in Regulating Luminal Subtype of Breast Cancer, and miRNA Expression Profiles in Luminal A Breast Cancer are some of the newer therapies for luminal A breast cancer that are discussed in this review. The ideal course of treatment for people with luminal A-subtype cancers is still unknown in the age of precision medicine. Our ability to actualize the promise of precision medicine—the correct treatment, for the right patient, at the right time—will be made possible by the development of tumour panels to examine these validated biomarkers. These unique tumour traits will become more significant in deciding the best course of treatment for each individual patient in the current era of precision medicine, where the aim is to neither overtreat nor undertreat patients. However, more thorough investigation is required in this area.
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Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00025
Rakesh Manna, P. Verma
Plants have been used since very ancient times to control and/or combat different problems related to human physiology. The use of plant-based medicines for healing is ancient as well as universal. Until the dawn of this century, natural products have been used as the mainstay of all medicines globally. There are reports that plants contain remedies for various diseases including AIDS, cancer, and diabetes. Saraca indica also known as ‘Ashoka’ is one of the most ancient and sacred trees of India and known for its’ various pharmacological properties like anti menorrhagic, anti-cancer, anti oxytoxic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anti–microbial activity. The immune system is a remarkably sophisticated defense system within the vertebrates, to protect them from various invading agents and Immunomodulators are the substances that can support the immune function by modifying, in a beneficial way, the immune system’s response to a threat. Herbal drugs possess immunomodulatory property and generally act by stimulating both specific and non specific immunity. The presented review is an attempt to focus on the immunomodulatory activity of Saraca indica.
{"title":"A Review on Saraca indica – for Immunomodulatory activity","authors":"Rakesh Manna, P. Verma","doi":"10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5713.2023.00025","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have been used since very ancient times to control and/or combat different problems related to human physiology. The use of plant-based medicines for healing is ancient as well as universal. Until the dawn of this century, natural products have been used as the mainstay of all medicines globally. There are reports that plants contain remedies for various diseases including AIDS, cancer, and diabetes. Saraca indica also known as ‘Ashoka’ is one of the most ancient and sacred trees of India and known for its’ various pharmacological properties like anti menorrhagic, anti-cancer, anti oxytoxic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anti–microbial activity. The immune system is a remarkably sophisticated defense system within the vertebrates, to protect them from various invading agents and Immunomodulators are the substances that can support the immune function by modifying, in a beneficial way, the immune system’s response to a threat. Herbal drugs possess immunomodulatory property and generally act by stimulating both specific and non specific immunity. The presented review is an attempt to focus on the immunomodulatory activity of Saraca indica.","PeriodicalId":8527,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88334371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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