Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50770
Prachi Mehta, Sneh Dudhia
Objective: Education about contraceptive measures in reproductive health is of utmost importance. Doctors can directly influence the patients, and it is, therefore, necessary to know their attitude toward contraceptives. This study will assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the usage of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) among the students of the IIIrd first MBBS. Methods: Among 125 students of the third first MBBS, a questionnaire-based observational knowledge, attitude, perception, and practice study was conducted using Google Forms, at SBKSMI&RC (Shrimati Bhikhiben Kanjibhai Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre), Sumandeep Vidyapeeth in June 2023. Results: In our study, 59.2% of participants were female and 40.8% were male. Students were of the age 20–23 years. 60.8% of students mentioned their source of information as formal education. On being asked about the different uses of OCPs, 69.6% knew about their use as contraception and 52.8% knew their use in menstrual irregularities. In case of a dose being missed, 18.4% did not know what to do whereas 28% would consult a gynecologist and 53.6% knew what to do. 41.6% of students believed that OCPs carry significant side effects. 42.4% preferred getting OCP from medical stores. For usage or prescription in the future, 52.8% preferred barrier methods whereas 24.8% chose intrauterine devices and only 19.2% opted for OCP. When inquired on reasons for not using OCPs, 31.2% opted for fear of side effects. Conclusion: The majority of the students had good knowledge, fair attitude, and fair practice toward the use of OCPs.
目的有关生殖健康避孕措施的教育至关重要。医生可以直接影响病人，因此有必要了解他们对避孕药具的态度。本研究将对第三届医学学士学位学生使用口服避孕药（OCP）的知识、态度和做法进行评估：方法：2023 年 6 月，在苏曼迪普大学（Sumandeep Vidyapeeth）SBKSMI&RC（Shrimati Bhikhiben Kanjibhai Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre）的 125 名第三届医学学士学位学生中，使用谷歌表格进行了一项基于问卷的知识、态度、认知和实践观察研究：在我们的研究中，59.2%的参与者为女性，40.8%为男性。学生年龄在 20-23 岁之间。60.8%的学生提到他们的信息来源是正规教育。在被问及 OCPs 的不同用途时，69.6% 的人知道它们可用于避孕，52.8% 的人知道它们可用于月经不调。如果漏服，18.4%的学生不知道该怎么办，28%的学生会咨询妇科医生，53.6%的学生知道该怎么办。41.6% 的学生认为 OCPs 有很大的副作用。42.4% 的学生倾向于从医药商店购买 OCP。对于今后的使用或处方，52.8%的人选择屏障避孕法，24.8%的人选择宫内避孕器，只有 19.2%的人选择 OCP。当被问及不使用 OCP 的原因时，31.2%的人选择了害怕副作用：结论：大多数学生对使用 OCPs 有良好的认识、持公平的态度和公平的做法。
{"title":"AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF USAGE OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF THIRD FIRST MBBS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL","authors":"Prachi Mehta, Sneh Dudhia","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50770","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Education about contraceptive measures in reproductive health is of utmost importance. Doctors can directly influence the patients, and it is, therefore, necessary to know their attitude toward contraceptives. This study will assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the usage of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) among the students of the IIIrd first MBBS.\u0000Methods: Among 125 students of the third first MBBS, a questionnaire-based observational knowledge, attitude, perception, and practice study was conducted using Google Forms, at SBKSMI&RC (Shrimati Bhikhiben Kanjibhai Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre), Sumandeep Vidyapeeth in June 2023.\u0000Results: In our study, 59.2% of participants were female and 40.8% were male. Students were of the age 20–23 years. 60.8% of students mentioned their source of information as formal education. On being asked about the different uses of OCPs, 69.6% knew about their use as contraception and 52.8% knew their use in menstrual irregularities. In case of a dose being missed, 18.4% did not know what to do whereas 28% would consult a gynecologist and 53.6% knew what to do. 41.6% of students believed that OCPs carry significant side effects. 42.4% preferred getting OCP from medical stores. For usage or prescription in the future, 52.8% preferred barrier methods whereas 24.8% chose intrauterine devices and only 19.2% opted for OCP. When inquired on reasons for not using OCPs, 31.2% opted for fear of side effects.\u0000Conclusion: The majority of the students had good knowledge, fair attitude, and fair practice toward the use of OCPs.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has a pivotal role in the treatment of locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC). In this study, we assess the efficiency of ultrasound in the response assessment of NACT in patients with LABC using RECIST criteria and its correlation to the final histopathological report. Methods: 40 patients with LABC underwent clinical examination and ultrasonography (USG) of the bilateral breast and axilla before starting NACT. After receiving three cycles of NACT, a repeat USG and clinical examination were done to assess the response to chemotherapy. Patients with responsive disease underwent radical surgery, and we correlate the findings of histopathological examination (HPE) with those of post-NACT USG findings. Results: After three cycles of NACT, clinical examination showed a complete response in 15 (37.5%) patients and a partial response in 21 (52.5%) patients. While USG detected a complete response in 8 (20%) patients and a partial response in 28 (70%) patients, seven patients, in whom clinical examination did not find any disease, were detected by USG. HPE showed a complete pathological response in 5 specimens, and in the rest of 31 cases, HPE revealed a residual tumor. USG did not miss any of the pCR cases but overestimated CR cases by 9% (3 patients). On the other hand, all partial response diagnoses by USG were acknowledged by HPE. Conclusion: To conclude, it can be said that USG can be used as an effective radiological tool for response assessment and subsequent treatment decisions, especially in places where there is a lack of infrastructure and affordability.
{"title":"ROLE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN RESPONSE ASSESSMENT FOLLOWING NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN LOCALLY ADVANCED BREAST CARCINOMA: EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER","authors":"Bidyut Biswas, Asif Ali, Arabinda Roy, Linkon Biswas","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50477","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has a pivotal role in the treatment of locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC). In this study, we assess the efficiency of ultrasound in the response assessment of NACT in patients with LABC using RECIST criteria and its correlation to the final histopathological report.\u0000Methods: 40 patients with LABC underwent clinical examination and ultrasonography (USG) of the bilateral breast and axilla before starting NACT. After receiving three cycles of NACT, a repeat USG and clinical examination were done to assess the response to chemotherapy. Patients with responsive disease underwent radical surgery, and we correlate the findings of histopathological examination (HPE) with those of post-NACT USG findings.\u0000Results: After three cycles of NACT, clinical examination showed a complete response in 15 (37.5%) patients and a partial response in 21 (52.5%) patients. While USG detected a complete response in 8 (20%) patients and a partial response in 28 (70%) patients, seven patients, in whom clinical examination did not find any disease, were detected by USG. HPE showed a complete pathological response in 5 specimens, and in the rest of 31 cases, HPE revealed a residual tumor. USG did not miss any of the pCR cases but overestimated CR cases by 9% (3 patients). On the other hand, all partial response diagnoses by USG were acknowledged by HPE.\u0000Conclusion: To conclude, it can be said that USG can be used as an effective radiological tool for response assessment and subsequent treatment decisions, especially in places where there is a lack of infrastructure and affordability.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The present study aims at describing the clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, and complications in patients presenting with febrile illness due to scrub typhus and dengue coinfection from Southern Rajasthan, India. Method: This present prospective, observational, and hospital-based study conducted in the Department of Microbiology of AIMS & RC, Rajsamand, located in Southern Rajasthan, from January 2021 to December 2021. Scrub typhus was diagnosed in the microbiology laboratory by performing SD Bioline, one-step scrub typhus for the detection of IgM antibody, and dengue fever using J.mitra and Co. Pvt. Ltd., rapid card test for the detection of NS1 antigen and IgM antibody. Result: Out of 500 patients suspected of AUFI, 25 (5%) patients diagnosed of having dengue and scrub typhus coinfection. Fever was present in all 25 (100%) patients and 13 (52%) of patients had arthralgia, nausea, and vomiting. The most common sign noticed in our study was pallor and icterus in 10 (40%) patients each followed by shock/hypotension in 8 (32%) and hepatosplenomegaly in 5 (20%). The most predominant laboratory finding was thrombocytopenia (<1.0 × 106/cumm) in 23 (92%) patients, while elevated bilirubin (>2 mg/dl) in 22 (88%) and elevated transaminase and prolonged aPTT in 21 (84%) patients each. The majority of patients 23 (92%) had hepatic dysfunction, i.e., in followed by multi-organ dysfunction (MODS) in 15 (60%). Conclusion: In developing countries like India, particularly in tropical areas, dengue, and scrub typhus coinfection is under-recognized entity. Additional investigation should be carried out in cases of AUFI patients with features such as hypotension, leukocytosis, early drop in platelet counts, and hypoalbuminemia.
{"title":"CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PROFILE OF ADMITTED PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH FEBRILE ILLNESS DUE TO DENGUE AND SCRUB TYPHUS COINFECTION FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN SOUTH RAJASTHAN, INDIA","authors":"Manish Kulshrestha, Megha Sharma, Neelima Varania, Sushant Joshi, Anjali Kulshrestha","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50181","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aims at describing the clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, and complications in patients presenting with febrile illness due to scrub typhus and dengue coinfection from Southern Rajasthan, India.\u0000Method: This present prospective, observational, and hospital-based study conducted in the Department of Microbiology of AIMS & RC, Rajsamand, located in Southern Rajasthan, from January 2021 to December 2021. Scrub typhus was diagnosed in the microbiology laboratory by performing SD Bioline, one-step scrub typhus for the detection of IgM antibody, and dengue fever using J.mitra and Co. Pvt. Ltd., rapid card test for the detection of NS1 antigen and IgM antibody.\u0000Result: Out of 500 patients suspected of AUFI, 25 (5%) patients diagnosed of having dengue and scrub typhus coinfection. Fever was present in all 25 (100%) patients and 13 (52%) of patients had arthralgia, nausea, and vomiting. The most common sign noticed in our study was pallor and icterus in 10 (40%) patients each followed by shock/hypotension in 8 (32%) and hepatosplenomegaly in 5 (20%). The most predominant laboratory finding was thrombocytopenia (<1.0 × 106/cumm) in 23 (92%) patients, while elevated bilirubin (>2 mg/dl) in 22 (88%) and elevated transaminase and prolonged aPTT in 21 (84%) patients each. The majority of patients 23 (92%) had hepatic dysfunction, i.e., in followed by multi-organ dysfunction (MODS) in 15 (60%).\u0000Conclusion: In developing countries like India, particularly in tropical areas, dengue, and scrub typhus coinfection is under-recognized entity. Additional investigation should be carried out in cases of AUFI patients with features such as hypotension, leukocytosis, early drop in platelet counts, and hypoalbuminemia.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49999
Navika Gupta, Anu T Singh
Objective: The aim of the present study was to perform an acute toxicity study to obtain information on the possible adverse effects from a single oral administration of Oleanolic acid in Wistar rats as the onset of toxicity, and to determine the range of exposure (to the LD50 cut-off criteria). Following a sub-chronic 90-days Repeated toxicity study by oral route to determine any potential indication of its dose response relationship and determine no observed effect level (NOEL)/ no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL)/ low observed effect level (LOEL)/ low observed adverse effect level (LOAEL). Methods: A dose level of 2000mg/kg body weight was employed as step one for single acute study. Based on the survival pattern of the previously dosed animals after 48 hours, same dose 2000 mg/kg body weight) was repeated for Step 2 as a confirmatory test. For the 90-day toxicity study, the highest dose was determined as 1000mg/kg Body weight, and the middle and lower doses were 500 and 250mg/kg Body weight respectively. The rat group was held for a 14-day recovery period after the last dose administration, to observe for any persistence or reversal of toxic effects. Results: Results of the acute toxicity study showed no mortality on the dose level of 2000mg/kg body weight with no significant clinical and body weight changes. During the 90-day Repeated dose oral sub-chronic toxicity study, no rats died. There were no significant clinical changes related to the test item in terms of functional evaluation, body weight, food and water consumption, ophthalmological tests, urine analysis, necropsy findings, or organ weight, Hematology, and biochemistry at the highest dose level of 1000 mg/kg bwt. Conclusion: It is concluded that LD50 Cut-off Value of “Oleanolic acid” in from acute oral toxicity study in Wistar Rats is 2000 mg/kg b.wt. In addition, 90 days study have showed no significant changes with respect to any hematological or blood chemical analyses in 1000, 500 and 250 mg/kg bwt groups. Based on histopathological findings, clinical signs and other parameters, it may be concluded that upon repeated once oral administration for consecutive 90 days, the Oleanolic acid (Pentacyclic Triterpenoid) extracted from Lantana camara roots at the dose level of 1000 mg/kg body weight have caused no adverse effect in both sexes of Wistar Rats.
{"title":"TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF OLEANOLIC ACID (PENTACYCLIC TRITERPENOID) EXTRACTED FROM LANTANA CAMARA ROOTS FOLLOWING ORAL EXPOSURE IN WISTAR RATS","authors":"Navika Gupta, Anu T Singh","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49999","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the present study was to perform an acute toxicity study to obtain information on the possible adverse effects from a single oral administration of Oleanolic acid in Wistar rats as the onset of toxicity, and to determine the range of exposure (to the LD50 cut-off criteria). Following a sub-chronic 90-days Repeated toxicity study by oral route to determine any potential indication of its dose response relationship and determine no observed effect level (NOEL)/ no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL)/ low observed effect level (LOEL)/ low observed adverse effect level (LOAEL).\u0000Methods: A dose level of 2000mg/kg body weight was employed as step one for single acute study. Based on the survival pattern of the previously dosed animals after 48 hours, same dose 2000 mg/kg body weight) was repeated for Step 2 as a confirmatory test. For the 90-day toxicity study, the highest dose was determined as 1000mg/kg Body weight, and the middle and lower doses were 500 and 250mg/kg Body weight respectively. The rat group was held for a 14-day recovery period after the last dose administration, to observe for any persistence or reversal of toxic effects.\u0000Results: Results of the acute toxicity study showed no mortality on the dose level of 2000mg/kg body weight with no significant clinical and body weight changes. During the 90-day Repeated dose oral sub-chronic toxicity study, no rats died. There were no significant clinical changes related to the test item in terms of functional evaluation, body weight, food and water consumption, ophthalmological tests, urine analysis, necropsy findings, or organ weight, Hematology, and biochemistry at the highest dose level of 1000 mg/kg bwt.\u0000Conclusion: It is concluded that LD50 Cut-off Value of “Oleanolic acid” in from acute oral toxicity study in Wistar Rats is 2000 mg/kg b.wt. In addition, 90 days study have showed no significant changes with respect to any hematological or blood chemical analyses in 1000, 500 and 250 mg/kg bwt groups. Based on histopathological findings, clinical signs and other parameters, it may be concluded that upon repeated once oral administration for consecutive 90 days, the Oleanolic acid (Pentacyclic Triterpenoid) extracted from Lantana camara roots at the dose level of 1000 mg/kg body weight have caused no adverse effect in both sexes of Wistar Rats.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141129396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.47786
Samriti Goyal, Mohanvir Kaur, Kanwardeep Kaur, R. Mohi
Objective: The objective of the study is to report all fine needle aspiration cytopathology (FNAC) cases of lump breast as per New Yokohama classification 2016, to highlight the importance of rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) in breast cytology at the time of FNAC, and to assess the relationship between micronucleus (MN) scoring and various breast lesions in cytology. Methods: The study was conducted on 70 patients with breast lumps in the Department of Pathology in Government Medical College, Patiala, and comprised evaluation of ROSE and MN scoring in breast FNAC by the use of New Yokohama system of reporting. Results: On ROSE, 11 out of 70 patients were categorized under category I according to the Yokohama system of reporting and on the same sitting with repeat FNAC after performing the ROSE; nine cases were upgraded for cytological reporting and two remained in category I. According to as per the International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama system of reporting (2016) cases were categorized as category I – 2 (2.9%), category II – 46 (65.7%), category III – 7 (10.1%), category IV – 5 (7.1%), and category V – 10 (14.2%). In MN scoring, MN with the highest score of 14–17/1000 epithelial cells was in category V (malignant), and the lowest score was 0–1/1000 epithelial cells in category II (benign). Conclusion: ROSE is an easy, safe, and cost-effective method. IAC Yokohama system for reporting (2016) provides a comprehensive way of categorizing various breast lesions on FNAC with clinical correlation. MN score is a good biomarker in differentiating benign, atypical, and malignant breast lesions.
研究目的该研究的目的是根据2016年新横滨分类法报告所有乳腺肿块细针穿刺细胞病理学（FNAC）病例，强调FNAC时乳腺细胞学快速现场评估（ROSE）的重要性，并评估细胞学中微核（MN）评分与各种乳腺病变之间的关系：研究对象是帕蒂亚拉政府医学院病理学系的 70 名乳腺肿块患者，包括使用新横滨报告系统对乳腺 FNAC 的 ROSE 和 MN 评分进行评估：结果：根据横滨报告系统，70 名患者中有 11 名患者的 ROSE 被归类为 I 类，而在进行 ROSE 后重复 FNAC 的同一病例中，有 9 例被升级为细胞学报告，2 例仍为 I 类。根据国际细胞学学会（IAC）横滨报告系统（2016 年），病例被分为 I 类 - 2 例（2.9%）、II 类 - 46 例（65.7%）、III 类 - 7 例（10.1%）、IV 类 - 5 例（7.1%）和 V 类 - 10 例（14.2%）。在 MN 评分中，MN 最高分为 14-17/1000 个上皮细胞，属于 V 类（恶性），最低分为 0-1/1000 个上皮细胞，属于 II 类（良性）：结论：ROSE 是一种简便、安全、经济的方法。IAC 横滨报告系统（2016 年）为 FNAC 上的各种乳腺病变提供了一种与临床相关的综合分类方法。MN 评分是区分良性、非典型和恶性乳腺病变的良好生物标志物。
{"title":"RAPID ON-SITE EVALUATION AND MICRONUCLEUS SCORING IN BREAST LESIONS FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOPATHOLOGY BY NEW IAC YOKOHAMA SYSTEM OF REPORTING","authors":"Samriti Goyal, Mohanvir Kaur, Kanwardeep Kaur, R. Mohi","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.47786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.47786","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to report all fine needle aspiration cytopathology (FNAC) cases of lump breast as per New Yokohama classification 2016, to highlight the importance of rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) in breast cytology at the time of FNAC, and to assess the relationship between micronucleus (MN) scoring and various breast lesions in cytology.\u0000Methods: The study was conducted on 70 patients with breast lumps in the Department of Pathology in Government Medical College, Patiala, and comprised evaluation of ROSE and MN scoring in breast FNAC by the use of New Yokohama system of reporting.\u0000Results: On ROSE, 11 out of 70 patients were categorized under category I according to the Yokohama system of reporting and on the same sitting with repeat FNAC after performing the ROSE; nine cases were upgraded for cytological reporting and two remained in category I. According to as per the International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama system of reporting (2016) cases were categorized as category I – 2 (2.9%), category II – 46 (65.7%), category III – 7 (10.1%), category IV – 5 (7.1%), and category V – 10 (14.2%). In MN scoring, MN with the highest score of 14–17/1000 epithelial cells was in category V (malignant), and the lowest score was 0–1/1000 epithelial cells in category II (benign).\u0000Conclusion: ROSE is an easy, safe, and cost-effective method. IAC Yokohama system for reporting (2016) provides a comprehensive way of categorizing various breast lesions on FNAC with clinical correlation. MN score is a good biomarker in differentiating benign, atypical, and malignant breast lesions.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140732886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Objectives: To evaluate the effect of intravenous lignocaine on haemodynamic responses to intubation, extubation and post‐operative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries. Methods: This prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted in patients for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery in tertiary care hospital of Tamil Nadu. Group A (n=60) received 0.9% normal saline for perioperative intravenous infusion and Group B (n=60) received preservative free lignocaine 2% (20mg/ml) as intravenous infusion Hemodynamic responses were recorded to intubation, extubation and post‐operative analgesia in both groups. VAS scores and pain free period were also compared. Results: Pulse rate (PR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly increased in both the groups during laryngoscopy and intubation, though the rise of both in lignocaine group was significantly less than normal saline group. (p<0.0001) Similarly, both PR and MAP were significantly increased during extubation in both the groups. (p<0.0001) However, the rise of both the parameters in lignocaine group was significantly less as compared to normal saline group. (p<0.0001) VAS scores in immediate post operative period were better in lignocaine group than normal saline group. The mean pain free period was less than an hour in normal saline group, while it was approximately 4 hours in lignocaine group. (p<0.0001) Conclusions: This study concluded that i.v infusion of lignocaine had significantly increased the pain free period post operatively. So those who are not affordable for epidural block, lignocaine i.v infusion is better alternative for post operative analgesia.
摘要：目的：评估静脉注射木质素对腹腔镜胆囊切除手术中插管、拔管和术后镇痛的血流动力学反应的影响：评估腹腔镜胆囊切除术中静脉注射木质素对插管、拔管和术后镇痛的血流动力学反应的影响。方法：这项前瞻性、随机、双盲研究在泰米尔纳德邦三级医院的择期腹腔镜胆囊切除手术患者中进行。A 组（60 人）接受 0.9% 生理盐水围手术期静脉输注，B 组（60 人）接受不含防腐剂的 2% 木质卡因（20 毫克/毫升）静脉输注，记录两组患者插管、拔管和术后镇痛时的血流动力学反应。还比较了 VAS 评分和无痛期。结果在喉镜检查和插管过程中，两组患者的脉搏（PR）和平均动脉压（MAP）均明显升高，但木质素组的升高幅度明显低于生理盐水组（P<0.0001）。(同样，两组患者在拔管时 PR 和 MAP 均明显升高。(p<0.0001）然而，与生理盐水组相比，木质素组两个参数的上升幅度都明显较小。(p<0.0001)木质素组术后即刻的 VAS 评分优于生理盐水组。普通生理盐水组的平均无痛时间不到一小时，而木质素组约为 4 小时。(P<0.0001）结论：本研究得出结论，静脉注射木质素可明显延长术后无痛时间。因此，对于那些无法承受硬膜外阻滞的患者，输注木质素卡因是术后镇痛的更好选择。
{"title":"Haemodynamic responses to intubation, extubation and post‐operative analgesia after intravenous lignocaine in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries: a randomized control study","authors":"Srikanth Gujja, Varun Arora, Sravanthi Yelagandula, Chanchal Bhandari, Mittapalli Jeevanbabu","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.50550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.50550","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: \u0000Objectives: To evaluate the effect of intravenous lignocaine on haemodynamic responses to intubation, extubation and post‐operative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries. \u0000Methods: This prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted in patients for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery in tertiary care hospital of Tamil Nadu. Group A (n=60) received 0.9% normal saline for perioperative intravenous infusion and Group B (n=60) received preservative free lignocaine 2% (20mg/ml) as intravenous infusion Hemodynamic responses were recorded to intubation, extubation and post‐operative analgesia in both groups. VAS scores and pain free period were also compared. \u0000Results: Pulse rate (PR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly increased in both the groups during laryngoscopy and intubation, though the rise of both in lignocaine group was significantly less than normal saline group. (p<0.0001) Similarly, both PR and MAP were significantly increased during extubation in both the groups. (p<0.0001) However, the rise of both the parameters in lignocaine group was significantly less as compared to normal saline group. (p<0.0001) VAS scores in immediate post operative period were better in lignocaine group than normal saline group. The mean pain free period was less than an hour in normal saline group, while it was approximately 4 hours in lignocaine group. (p<0.0001) \u0000Conclusions: This study concluded that i.v infusion of lignocaine had significantly increased the pain free period post operatively. So those who are not affordable for epidural block, lignocaine i.v infusion is better alternative for post operative analgesia.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49814
Divyang H Chavda, Manish Mudgal
Objectives: To evaluate efficacy of double gloving to provide mechanical barrier against communicable diseases and also to evaluate different parameters affecting glove perforation rate. Methods: This prospective study was performed in department of General Surgery at tertiary care teaching hospital of Gujarat. This study involved a group of surgeons and operation theatre nursing staff. Randomization of the participants was done with the closed envelope method in two groups: single gloving and double gloving. Glove perforation rate and hand contamination rate was calculated and compared between both the groups. Participants of double gloving groups were also asked for discomfort using double gloves and compromised tactile sensations. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the glove perforation rate between single gloves and double outer gloves. (p=0.55) But, the glove perforation rate was significantly low in double inner gloves than single gloves. (p=0.004) The hand contamination rate was significantly lower amongst perforated double gloves than perforated single gloves. (p=0.00001) Awareness of glove perforation was absent in majority of the participants in both the groups. All the participants in the double gloving group were comfortable with using double gloves and their tactile sensations were not compromised. Conclusion: This study concluded that double gloving efficiently prevented hand contaminations during a surgery. There was no significant difference noted in glove perforation rates in both single and double gloving groups. Double gloving is recommended for the surgeons and nursing staff to protect them from blood borne infections and eliminate the chances of surgical site infections in the patients.
{"title":"EFFECTIVENESS OF DOUBLE-GLOVING METHOD ON PREVENTION OF SURGICAL GLOVE PERFORATIONS AND BLOOD CONTAMINATION: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY","authors":"Divyang H Chavda, Manish Mudgal","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49814","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate efficacy of double gloving to provide mechanical barrier against communicable diseases and also to evaluate different parameters affecting glove perforation rate.\u0000Methods: This prospective study was performed in department of General Surgery at tertiary care teaching hospital of Gujarat. This study involved a group of surgeons and operation theatre nursing staff. Randomization of the participants was done with the closed envelope method in two groups: single gloving and double gloving. Glove perforation rate and hand contamination rate was calculated and compared between both the groups. Participants of double gloving groups were also asked for discomfort using double gloves and compromised tactile sensations.\u0000Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the glove perforation rate between single gloves and double outer gloves. (p=0.55) But, the glove perforation rate was significantly low in double inner gloves than single gloves. (p=0.004) The hand contamination rate was significantly lower amongst perforated double gloves than perforated single gloves. (p=0.00001) Awareness of glove perforation was absent in majority of the participants in both the groups. All the participants in the double gloving group were comfortable with using double gloves and their tactile sensations were not compromised.\u0000Conclusion: This study concluded that double gloving efficiently prevented hand contaminations during a surgery. There was no significant difference noted in glove perforation rates in both single and double gloving groups. Double gloving is recommended for the surgeons and nursing staff to protect them from blood borne infections and eliminate the chances of surgical site infections in the patients.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140732901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49666
Neelam Choudhary, Paras Nath Mahato, Uma Shankar Singh, RAJAN KUMAR BARNWAL, KUMAR VIMAL, KUBER CHANDRA SETUA
Objectives: Anemia is one of the major public health concerns affecting almost 30% of the global population. Past studies have indicated that anemia is linked to lower body mass index (BMI) and plasma protein levels. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia among medical students and also to investigate its association with BMI and plasma proteins. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 177 medical and paramedical students aged 18–21 years was done at MGM Medical College in Jamshedpur from September 2018 to July 2019. A Transasia EM200 automated chemical analyzer was used to identify plasma protein using the biuret approach. HemoCOR-D (cyanmethemoglobin) was quantified by a colorimetric instrument. A colorimetric apparatus measured hemoglobin (Hb) with HemoCOR-D (cyanmethemoglobin). Results: There are a total of 177 pupils. The study included 48% (n=85) females and 52% (n=92) males. Males had a mean age of 20.03± 0.99 years while females had a mean age of 20.16±0.937 years. Males had greater Hb levels and protein levels than females, with averages of 13.61 ± 1.43 and 7.77± 0.93, respectively. Males had a frequency of anemia of 15.4%, while females had a prevalence of 70.9%. The researchers discovered a statistically significant link between anemic and non-anemic girls’ plasma protein levels (p=0.07), protein intake and plasma protein (p=0.048), and BMI and Hb (p=0.022). Conclusions: A significant association was found between daily protein intakes with plasma protein. The association between BMI and hemoglobin was also found significant.
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH BODY MASS INDEX AND PLASMA PROTEIN IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF KOLHAN REGION OF JHARKHAND – A CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY","authors":"Neelam Choudhary, Paras Nath Mahato, Uma Shankar Singh, RAJAN KUMAR BARNWAL, KUMAR VIMAL, KUBER CHANDRA SETUA","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49666","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Anemia is one of the major public health concerns affecting almost 30% of the global population. Past studies have indicated that anemia is linked to lower body mass index (BMI) and plasma protein levels. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia among medical students and also to investigate its association with BMI and plasma proteins.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study of 177 medical and paramedical students aged 18–21 years was done at MGM Medical College in Jamshedpur from September 2018 to July 2019. A Transasia EM200 automated chemical analyzer was used to identify plasma protein using the biuret approach. HemoCOR-D (cyanmethemoglobin) was quantified by a colorimetric instrument. A colorimetric apparatus measured hemoglobin (Hb) with HemoCOR-D (cyanmethemoglobin).\u0000Results: There are a total of 177 pupils. The study included 48% (n=85) females and 52% (n=92) males. Males had a mean age of 20.03± 0.99 years while females had a mean age of 20.16±0.937 years. Males had greater Hb levels and protein levels than females, with averages of 13.61 ± 1.43 and 7.77± 0.93, respectively. Males had a frequency of anemia of 15.4%, while females had a prevalence of 70.9%. The researchers discovered a statistically significant link between anemic and non-anemic girls’ plasma protein levels (p=0.07), protein intake and plasma protein (p=0.048), and BMI and Hb (p=0.022).\u0000Conclusions: A significant association was found between daily protein intakes with plasma protein. The association between BMI and hemoglobin was also found significant.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49182
R. K. Sehgal, Vishwanath Ghoshal, Ujjwal Sourav
Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of overweight as well as obesity among women aged 20 years and above in a rural covered area of SIMS, Hapur, and to assess the risk factors for overweight and obesity in the above study population. Methods: This research was carried out in the rural field practice area of SIMS, Hapur, spanning from July 2022 to July 2023. The study focused on women aged 20 years and older who were residents of the SIMS field practice area. The following criteria were used to select the study participants: Women who were pregnant at the time of the study, those who could not be reached after two home visits, individuals taking chronic medications that might lead to weight gain, and those who were uncooperative were excluded from the study. Results: Out of the 500 participants in the study, 18.6% were categorized as underweight, 53.6% fell within the normal weight range, and 27.8% were considered overweight. Within the group of overweight individuals, a substantial 70.5% were classified as obese. The study revealed that the overall prevalence of overweight (defined as BMI>23) was 27.7%, while the prevalence of obesity (defined as BMI>25) stood at 19.8%. Furthermore, 29.9% of the women had a waist circumference exceeding 80 cm. Conclusion: Based on the findings from our current research, it can be deduced that women with higher levels of education and socioeconomic status, a family history of excess weight, a higher number of pregnancies, a lack of physical activity, insufficient sleep, and poor dietary choices are more likely to be at risk of becoming overweight or obese. To prevent the rising prevalence of excess fat and obesity, it is imperative to implement lifestyle and dietary modifications.
{"title":"A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG WOMEN AGED 20 YEARS AND ABOVE IN RURAL FIELD PRACTICE AREA OF SIMS, HAPUR","authors":"R. K. Sehgal, Vishwanath Ghoshal, Ujjwal Sourav","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49182","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of overweight as well as obesity among women aged 20 years and above in a rural covered area of SIMS, Hapur, and to assess the risk factors for overweight and obesity in the above study population.\u0000Methods: This research was carried out in the rural field practice area of SIMS, Hapur, spanning from July 2022 to July 2023. The study focused on women aged 20 years and older who were residents of the SIMS field practice area. The following criteria were used to select the study participants: Women who were pregnant at the time of the study, those who could not be reached after two home visits, individuals taking chronic medications that might lead to weight gain, and those who were uncooperative were excluded from the study.\u0000Results: Out of the 500 participants in the study, 18.6% were categorized as underweight, 53.6% fell within the normal weight range, and 27.8% were considered overweight. Within the group of overweight individuals, a substantial 70.5% were classified as obese. The study revealed that the overall prevalence of overweight (defined as BMI>23) was 27.7%, while the prevalence of obesity (defined as BMI>25) stood at 19.8%. Furthermore, 29.9% of the women had a waist circumference exceeding 80 cm.\u0000Conclusion: Based on the findings from our current research, it can be deduced that women with higher levels of education and socioeconomic status, a family history of excess weight, a higher number of pregnancies, a lack of physical activity, insufficient sleep, and poor dietary choices are more likely to be at risk of becoming overweight or obese. To prevent the rising prevalence of excess fat and obesity, it is imperative to implement lifestyle and dietary modifications.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49852
Monika Patel, Gaurang Anandpara Sandhya, Pillai
Objective: In our previous study, we have find the significance of biochemical markers between precancerous and cancerous subject with normal healthy individuals in Gujarat population, taking into consideration the severity of biochemical markers in cancerous condition. We felt that other than comparison, effect of betel nuts and tobacco derivatives on antioxidants and micronutrients has required further evaluation to develop a better understanding. The objective of the present study is to measure the interdependence of antioxidants and micronutrients in oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer patients and find its significance. Method: In this study, a total of 150 patients in which 50 diagnosed PMD patients and 50 diagnosed oral cancer patients with 50 healthy non-tobacco consuming were selected as a control group. Five to seven milliliters of venous blood was collected under aseptic precautions with patients consent. All the parameters were analyzed by standard methods using fully auto-analyzed with a ready-to-use kit. Result: This research was conducted on 150 patients, out of which 50 diagnosed potential malignant disorder patients and 50 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients matched with 50 healthy control individuals. Average age of patients with PMD and OSCC was 55.6±9.74-and that of control group was 35.83±8.90 years. Student t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to age. Of the 100 patients with PMD, 72 (72% of total) were men and 28 (28% of total) were women. Among the individuals in the control group (n=50), 35 persons (70% of total) were men and 15 (30% of total) were women. Chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of sex (p=0.891). The copper levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, were 153.57±7.68 and 164.43±15.75. The value was statistically compared with OSCC which had significantly higher levels than healthy control (102.53±22.1). The iron levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, were 77.62±15.27 and 50.04±19.97. The value was statistically compared with OSCC which had significantly lower levels than (138.4±13.2) healthy control. The Vitamin C levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, are 0.55±0.10 and 0.44±0.9. The value was statistically compared to the OSCC which had significantly lower than 1.09±0.17 control. The Vitamin E levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, 1.18±0.16 and 0.8±0.12 values were statistically compared the OSCC which had significantly lower levels than (1.39±3.64) healthy control. Conclusion: In our finding, Vitamin C showed positive correlation with serum iron and serum copper with malignant disorders. Trace elements and antioxidants exhibited interdependence in both physiologic and pathologic states such as oral cancer.
{"title":"EFFECT OF BETEL NUTS AND TOBACCO DERIVATIVES ON ANTIOXIDANTS AND MICRONUTRIENTS IN ORAL SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS AND ORAL CANCER PATIENTS IN GUJARAT POPULATION","authors":"Monika Patel, Gaurang Anandpara Sandhya, Pillai","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i4.49852","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In our previous study, we have find the significance of biochemical markers between precancerous and cancerous subject with normal healthy individuals in Gujarat population, taking into consideration the severity of biochemical markers in cancerous condition. We felt that other than comparison, effect of betel nuts and tobacco derivatives on antioxidants and micronutrients has required further evaluation to develop a better understanding. The objective of the present study is to measure the interdependence of antioxidants and micronutrients in oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer patients and find its significance.\u0000Method: In this study, a total of 150 patients in which 50 diagnosed PMD patients and 50 diagnosed oral cancer patients with 50 healthy non-tobacco consuming were selected as a control group. Five to seven milliliters of venous blood was collected under aseptic precautions with patients consent. All the parameters were analyzed by standard methods using fully auto-analyzed with a ready-to-use kit.\u0000Result: This research was conducted on 150 patients, out of which 50 diagnosed potential malignant disorder patients and 50 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients matched with 50 healthy control individuals. Average age of patients with PMD and OSCC was 55.6±9.74-and that of control group was 35.83±8.90 years. Student t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to age. Of the 100 patients with PMD, 72 (72% of total) were men and 28 (28% of total) were women. Among the individuals in the control group (n=50), 35 persons (70% of total) were men and 15 (30% of total) were women. Chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of sex (p=0.891). The copper levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, were 153.57±7.68 and 164.43±15.75. The value was statistically compared with OSCC which had significantly higher levels than healthy control (102.53±22.1). The iron levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, were 77.62±15.27 and 50.04±19.97. The value was statistically compared with OSCC which had significantly lower levels than (138.4±13.2) healthy control. The Vitamin C levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, are 0.55±0.10 and 0.44±0.9. The value was statistically compared to the OSCC which had significantly lower than 1.09±0.17 control. The Vitamin E levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, 1.18±0.16 and 0.8±0.12 values were statistically compared the OSCC which had significantly lower levels than (1.39±3.64) healthy control.\u0000Conclusion: In our finding, Vitamin C showed positive correlation with serum iron and serum copper with malignant disorders. Trace elements and antioxidants exhibited interdependence in both physiologic and pathologic states such as oral cancer.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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