Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50622
Sunny Basra, JASPINDER PRATAP SINGH SINGH
Objectives: The aim of the study was to observe the profiling of the homicidal cases for 1 year. Methods: The present study was a prospective 1-year study of all autopsies alleged to be homicide under 302 Indian Penal Code, performed in the department of forensic medicine and toxicology at Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India, from January 01, 2021 to December 31, 2021, (1-year period) after taking permission from the institutional ethical committee. Results: The majority of cases reported were in the age group of 20–49 years, with 24 (61.5%) cases, followed by the age group of 40–59 years, which had 13 (33.3%) cases. 37 (94.9%) cases were males, followed by females 02 (5.1%).The male-to-female sex ratio is 18.5:1; 30 (76.9%) were married, while 09 (23.1%) were unmarried. The deaceased had Sikh religion in 24 (61.6%) cases, followed by Hindus in 11 (28.2%) cases; 26 (66.7%) belonged to the rural area, while 13 (33.3%) belonged to the urban area. The majority of cases where only a sharp weapon was used were 16 (41%), followed by both blunt and sharp in 14 (35.9%) cases, and blunt only in 06 (15.4%). Firearms were used in 03 (7.7%) cases. Conclusion: Based on the aforementioned observations, we believe there is a pressing need to address issues concerning youth, given their frequent involvement in such crimes. Additionally, enforcing strict nighttime surveillance and rigorously implementing laws against individuals in possession of dangerous weapons can contribute significantly to reducing such crimes.
{"title":"ONE-YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PATTERNS OF HOMICAL DEATHS- AN AUTOPSY BASED STUDY","authors":"Sunny Basra, JASPINDER PRATAP SINGH SINGH","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50622","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to observe the profiling of the homicidal cases for 1 year.\u0000Methods: The present study was a prospective 1-year study of all autopsies alleged to be homicide under 302 Indian Penal Code, performed in the department of forensic medicine and toxicology at Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India, from January 01, 2021 to December 31, 2021, (1-year period) after taking permission from the institutional ethical committee.\u0000Results: The majority of cases reported were in the age group of 20–49 years, with 24 (61.5%) cases, followed by the age group of 40–59 years, which had 13 (33.3%) cases. 37 (94.9%) cases were males, followed by females 02 (5.1%).The male-to-female sex ratio is 18.5:1; 30 (76.9%) were married, while 09 (23.1%) were unmarried. The deaceased had Sikh religion in 24 (61.6%) cases, followed by Hindus in 11 (28.2%) cases; 26 (66.7%) belonged to the rural area, while 13 (33.3%) belonged to the urban area. The majority of cases where only a sharp weapon was used were 16 (41%), followed by both blunt and sharp in 14 (35.9%) cases, and blunt only in 06 (15.4%). Firearms were used in 03 (7.7%) cases.\u0000Conclusion: Based on the aforementioned observations, we believe there is a pressing need to address issues concerning youth, given their frequent involvement in such crimes. Additionally, enforcing strict nighttime surveillance and rigorously implementing laws against individuals in possession of dangerous weapons can contribute significantly to reducing such crimes.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate and compare the pediatric index of mortality (PIM)-3 and pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) scores to predict mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively in PICU over 1 year. All consecutive patients admitted to the PICU aged 1 month to 12 years on designated study days were enrolled in the study (n=400). Mortality scores were calculated on the same day of admission using an Android calculator application. Results: The mean PIM-3 score in the non-survivor group (n=48) was higher, i.e., −0.81 (−2.05 to −0.44) than in the survivor group (n=352), i.e., −4.67 (−5.83 to −4.05) with p<0.001. The pSOFA score was also found higher in the non-survivor group, i.e., 11 interquartile range (IQR) (8–11) as compared to the survivor group, i.e., 3 IQR (2–5) with statistically significant difference (p<0.001). The median value of sensitivity and specificity for PIM-3 was reported to be 97.46% and 86.67%, respectively. The median value of sensitivity and specificity for pSOFA was 97.72% and 85.11%, respectively. The area under-receiver operating characteristic (AU-ROC) 0.9145 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.8595–0.9695) for the PIM-3 was almost equal to the AU-ROC of pSOFA score, i.e., 0.9554 (95% CI: 0.918–0.992). Both scores were positively associated with each other (r=0.807, <0.0001) Conclusion: Both PIM-3 and pSOFA scores were effective in predicting mortality in critically ill children.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF PEDIATRIC INDEX OF MORTALITY (PIM)-3 AND PEDIATRIC SEQUENTIAL ORGAN FAILURE ASSESSMENT (pSOFA) SCORES TO PREDICT MORTALITY IN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT","authors":"Ankit Kumar Pawar, Gaurav Kumar Prajapati, Kanchan Choubey, Rashmi Randa","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51384","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate and compare the pediatric index of mortality (PIM)-3 and pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) scores to predict mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively in PICU over 1 year. All consecutive patients admitted to the PICU aged 1 month to 12 years on designated study days were enrolled in the study (n=400). Mortality scores were calculated on the same day of admission using an Android calculator application.\u0000Results: The mean PIM-3 score in the non-survivor group (n=48) was higher, i.e., −0.81 (−2.05 to −0.44) than in the survivor group (n=352), i.e., −4.67 (−5.83 to −4.05) with p<0.001. The pSOFA score was also found higher in the non-survivor group, i.e., 11 interquartile range (IQR) (8–11) as compared to the survivor group, i.e., 3 IQR (2–5) with statistically significant difference (p<0.001). The median value of sensitivity and specificity for PIM-3 was reported to be 97.46% and 86.67%, respectively. The median value of sensitivity and specificity for pSOFA was 97.72% and 85.11%, respectively. The area under-receiver operating characteristic (AU-ROC) 0.9145 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.8595–0.9695) for the PIM-3 was almost equal to the AU-ROC of pSOFA score, i.e., 0.9554 (95% CI: 0.918–0.992). Both scores were positively associated with each other (r=0.807, <0.0001)\u0000Conclusion: Both PIM-3 and pSOFA scores were effective in predicting mortality in critically ill children.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The study aimed to assess and compare Litchtenstein’s open tension-free and laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) mesh repair. Methods: This hospital-based comparative type of observational study was conducted on 50 cases for each of two groups at upgraded Department of General Surgery, SMS Hospital, Jaipur, between January 2014 and January 2016. All the cases of elective inguinal hernia coming to SMS outpatient department in a single surgical unit operated by a single surgeon in the given period which meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thus, collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and analysis was done by Epi info software of CDC. Results: Total 100 patients were included in this study; 50 each in the two groups, the laparoscopic TEP group and open Lichtenstein group. Mean age in the laparoscopic group was 39.54 years and the open Lichtenstein group was 42.78 years. The mean pain score out of 10 at 24 h was 2.96 (±0.638) and 3.60 (±0.969) in TEP and Lichtenstein groups, respectively. The mean return to work for open group was 17.00 and TEP group was 11.34 days. There is no any recurrence and readmission in both groups. Conclusion: Laparoscopic TEP repair may be done in all uncomplicated inguinal hernia by an experienced surgeon for those desiring less pain, better cosmotic results, less post-operative complications, less hospital stay, and early return to work.
研究目的该研究旨在评估和比较 Litchtenstein 的开放式无张力和腹腔镜腹膜外（TEP）网片修复术：2014年1月至2016年1月期间，斋浦尔 SMS 医院普外科对两组各 50 例病例进行了医院比较观察研究。在此期间，SMS 医院门诊部的所有腹股沟疝选择性病例均由符合纳入和排除标准的一名外科医生进行手术。因此，收集到的数据被输入 Microsoft Excel 表格，并通过中国疾病预防控制中心的 Epi info 软件进行分析：本研究共纳入 100 名患者，其中腹腔镜 TEP 组和开腹 Lichtenstein 组各 50 名。腹腔镜组的平均年龄为 39.54 岁，开腹 Lichtenstein 组为 42.78 岁。24小时后，TEP组和Lichtenstein组的平均疼痛评分（满分为10分）分别为2.96（±0.638）分和3.60（±0.969）分。开放组恢复工作的平均时间为 17.00 天，TEP 组为 11.34 天。两组均无复发和再入院情况：结论：腹腔镜 TEP 修补术适用于所有无并发症的腹股沟疝，由经验丰富的外科医生进行手术，可以减轻患者的痛苦，获得更好的外观效果，减少术后并发症，缩短住院时间，并早日重返工作岗位。
{"title":"COMPARISION OF LICHTESTEIN OPEN TENSION-FREE VERSUS LAPROSCOPIC TOTALLY EXTRAPERTIONEAL TECHNIQUE FOR INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR","authors":"Vineet Sharma, Girish Bhardwaj, Vivek Saini, Pankaj Porwal, Anil Kumar Tripathi","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51619","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The study aimed to assess and compare Litchtenstein’s open tension-free and laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) mesh repair.\u0000Methods: This hospital-based comparative type of observational study was conducted on 50 cases for each of two groups at upgraded Department of General Surgery, SMS Hospital, Jaipur, between January 2014 and January 2016. All the cases of elective inguinal hernia coming to SMS outpatient department in a single surgical unit operated by a single surgeon in the given period which meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thus, collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and analysis was done by Epi info software of CDC.\u0000Results: Total 100 patients were included in this study; 50 each in the two groups, the laparoscopic TEP group and open Lichtenstein group. Mean age in the laparoscopic group was 39.54 years and the open Lichtenstein group was 42.78 years. The mean pain score out of 10 at 24 h was 2.96 (±0.638) and 3.60 (±0.969) in TEP and Lichtenstein groups, respectively. The mean return to work for open group was 17.00 and TEP group was 11.34 days. There is no any recurrence and readmission in both groups.\u0000Conclusion: Laparoscopic TEP repair may be done in all uncomplicated inguinal hernia by an experienced surgeon for those desiring less pain, better cosmotic results, less post-operative complications, less hospital stay, and early return to work.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50511
Sharmistha Chatterjee, D. M, Kaushik Majumder, Indranil Chakraborty
Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the agreement between results of electrolytes (serum sodium and potassium) estimated by a wet chemistry instrument with that obtained by a dry chemistry analyzer. Methods: It was an observational analytical cross-sectional study done in the Departmental clinical laboratory. The samples were selected randomly from the usual lab workflow. All the samples were first run on the Easylyte (wet chemistry) and then run on the Vitros 350 (dry chemistry). The paired data thus obtained were compiled and tabulated and then statistically analyzed. Results: The agreement of the results between the two methods was evaluated using the Bland–Altman difference plot and the Passing–Bablok Regression Equation and the Deming regression studies. By analyzing the diagram of Bland–Altman, it is seen that for sodium, the average bias is of −2.22; limits of agreement being −26.12–21.77. For potassium, Bland Altman plots show a bias of −0.21; limits of agreement −0.61–0.19. Passing Bablock regression calculated an intercept of −56.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−100, −28) and Slope of 1.43 for sodium measurements and calculated an intercept of −0.706, 95% CI (−0.66, −0.45) and Slope of 1.2 for potassium estimation. Conclusion: Statistical analysis revealed conflicting solutions. There is a great discrepancy between the results of the electrolyte estimation by the two methods since the methodologies are not identical.
{"title":"A STUDY TO ESTABLISH THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE RESULTS OF ELECTROLYTES (SERUM SODIUM AND POTASSIUM) ESTIMATED BY A WET CHEMISTRY INSTRUMENT (EASYLYTE) WITH THAT OBTAINED BY A DRY CHEMISTRY ANALYZER (VITROS 350)","authors":"Sharmistha Chatterjee, D. M, Kaushik Majumder, Indranil Chakraborty","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50511","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the agreement between results of electrolytes (serum sodium and potassium) estimated by a wet chemistry instrument with that obtained by a dry chemistry analyzer.\u0000Methods: It was an observational analytical cross-sectional study done in the Departmental clinical laboratory. The samples were selected randomly from the usual lab workflow. All the samples were first run on the Easylyte (wet chemistry) and then run on the Vitros 350 (dry chemistry). The paired data thus obtained were compiled and tabulated and then statistically analyzed.\u0000Results: The agreement of the results between the two methods was evaluated using the Bland–Altman difference plot and the Passing–Bablok Regression Equation and the Deming regression studies. By analyzing the diagram of Bland–Altman, it is seen that for sodium, the average bias is of −2.22; limits of agreement being −26.12–21.77. For potassium, Bland Altman plots show a bias of −0.21; limits of agreement −0.61–0.19. Passing Bablock regression calculated an intercept of −56.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−100, −28) and Slope of 1.43 for sodium measurements and calculated an intercept of −0.706, 95% CI (−0.66, −0.45) and Slope of 1.2 for potassium estimation.\u0000Conclusion: Statistical analysis revealed conflicting solutions. There is a great discrepancy between the results of the electrolyte estimation by the two methods since the methodologies are not identical.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50280
SUDHIR KUMAR JAIN
Objective: The objective of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the practice and infrastructure with applicable legislations governing hospital pharmacy while the secondary objective was to calculate the average dispensing time of a prescription in the hospital pharmacy. Methods: Our hospital was established in 2018. A prospective cross-sectional analytic study was carried out in the hospital pharmacy for 6 months (January 23–June 23). A blend of quality control parameters was drafted after referring various guidelines put forward by the statutory bodies. Qualitative data were collected by continuous observation, physical inspection, and after a thorough interview of hospital pharmacists. The collected data were summarized and compared with the standards. Quantitative data on the minimum requirement of hospital pharmacy infrastructure and dispensing time were collected using the designed data collection form and analysis was performed. Results: The hospital pharmacy met all the criteria that are necessary to satisfy legal requirements, availability of medicine, medicine, and general safety, and most of the quality parameters. However, few deviations were observed in the management of the drug store. The shortage in the floor space and waiting area was identified. In the study, we find that the average waiting time for the patient at the drug distribution center is 180 s and the average drug dispensing time was 130 s. On the basis of our good working in pharmacy, we got NABH approval in 2023 which includes pharmacy with other departments of this hospital. Conclusion: Majority of the quality parameters were noted to be compliant with the standards. Few deviations were identified and measures to improve them were suggested.
{"title":"MEDICAL STORE MANAGEMENT AT ABVGMC VIDISHA (MP): AN ANALYSIS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL","authors":"SUDHIR KUMAR JAIN","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50280","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the practice and infrastructure with applicable legislations governing hospital pharmacy while the secondary objective was to calculate the average dispensing time of a prescription in the hospital pharmacy.\u0000Methods: Our hospital was established in 2018. A prospective cross-sectional analytic study was carried out in the hospital pharmacy for 6 months (January 23–June 23). A blend of quality control parameters was drafted after referring various guidelines put forward by the statutory bodies. Qualitative data were collected by continuous observation, physical inspection, and after a thorough interview of hospital pharmacists. The collected data were summarized and compared with the standards. Quantitative data on the minimum requirement of hospital pharmacy infrastructure and dispensing time were collected using the designed data collection form and analysis was performed.\u0000Results: The hospital pharmacy met all the criteria that are necessary to satisfy legal requirements, availability of medicine, medicine, and general safety, and most of the quality parameters. However, few deviations were observed in the management of the drug store. The shortage in the floor space and waiting area was identified. In the study, we find that the average waiting time for the patient at the drug distribution center is 180 s and the average drug dispensing time was 130 s. On the basis of our good working in pharmacy, we got NABH approval in 2023 which includes pharmacy with other departments of this hospital.\u0000Conclusion: Majority of the quality parameters were noted to be compliant with the standards. Few deviations were identified and measures to improve them were suggested.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This particular study was designed to evaluate the qualitative, quantitative, anti-oxidant, and antimicrobial potential of Berberis lycium root extracts. Methods: The plant root extracts were prepared using a sequential extraction method using different solvents with increasing polarity. Further extracts were evaluated qualitatively for the presence of different phytochemicals and quantitatively for the presence of total phenols and flavonoid, antioxidant potential using DPPH, ferric reducing anti-oxidant power, and H2O2 radical scavenging assay. Biological potential of these extracts was established for antibacterial effect against different Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and antifungal potential against fungal strains. Results: Qualitative analysis of the root extracts showed the presence of phytochemicals such as saponins, tannins, phenols, and flavonoids. Among all the evaluated extracts in quantitative analysis, methanolic extracts showed the highest content of phenolic with 39.75 mg gallic acid equivalence/g and flavanoid with 456 mg QE/g, highest antioxidant potential with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 10.96 μg/mL in DPPH assay. Similarly, the highest antibacterial effect against Bacillus cereus (20±0.86 mm) and antifungal against Aspergillus niger (IC50 399.64 μg/mL) was observed. Conclusion: The plant root extracts of B. lycium have shown substantial content of phytochemicals with appreciable antioxidant and antimicrobial activities comparable to the currently prescribed modern drugs tested. Accordingly, further studies on clinical efficacy trial, safety, and toxicity analyses have to be instigated promptly, so as to head to the final step to synthesize precursor molecules for new effective antimicrobials.
{"title":"PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND ANTIOXIDANT ANALYSIS OF BERBERIS LYCIUM ROYLE CRUDE ROOT EXTRACTS","authors":"Monica Sangral, Divya Gupta, Paramveer Singh, Roshani Lochan, Nazli Bhat, Kiranbala Madhulika, Bhagat, Madhulika Bhagat","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51305","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This particular study was designed to evaluate the qualitative, quantitative, anti-oxidant, and antimicrobial potential of Berberis lycium root extracts.\u0000Methods: The plant root extracts were prepared using a sequential extraction method using different solvents with increasing polarity. Further extracts were evaluated qualitatively for the presence of different phytochemicals and quantitatively for the presence of total phenols and flavonoid, antioxidant potential using DPPH, ferric reducing anti-oxidant power, and H2O2 radical scavenging assay. Biological potential of these extracts was established for antibacterial effect against different Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and antifungal potential against fungal strains.\u0000Results: Qualitative analysis of the root extracts showed the presence of phytochemicals such as saponins, tannins, phenols, and flavonoids. Among all the evaluated extracts in quantitative analysis, methanolic extracts showed the highest content of phenolic with 39.75 mg gallic acid equivalence/g and flavanoid with 456 mg QE/g, highest antioxidant potential with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 10.96 μg/mL in DPPH assay. Similarly, the highest antibacterial effect against Bacillus cereus (20±0.86 mm) and antifungal against Aspergillus niger (IC50 399.64 μg/mL) was observed.\u0000Conclusion: The plant root extracts of B. lycium have shown substantial content of phytochemicals with appreciable antioxidant and antimicrobial activities comparable to the currently prescribed modern drugs tested. Accordingly, further studies on clinical efficacy trial, safety, and toxicity analyses have to be instigated promptly, so as to head to the final step to synthesize precursor molecules for new effective antimicrobials.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The objectives of the study are to periodically assess the quality of the external quality assessment scheme (EQAS) with the aim of enhancing laboratory performances. Methods: An observational study was done at our central laboratory at RNTMC, Udaipur, after approval from the institutional review board. Our laboratory receives quarterly blood samples and already prepared slides from AIIMS, Delhi, for complete blood count (CBC). In addition, lyophilized blood samples for fibrinogen, prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) analysis are received quarterly from CMC, Vellore, through courier package. As for cytopathology, the third package includes already prepared 10 slides of 2 cycles for cytopathology analysis along with a brief clinical history. Results: CBC, peripheral blood film examination findings, and reticulocyte count results were consistently acceptable, except in August 2021, December 2022, and March 2023 when some parameters of CBC were deemed unacceptable. Results for PT/INR, APTT, and fibrinogen were within consensus at all-time except in March 2022, when they were out within consensus and deemed unacceptable. Similarly, results for cytopathology evaluation were in concordance with the results of the provider except for a few occasions were deviations were seen for some diagnoses due to interpretation error. Conclusion: Engaging in EQAS has facilitated the enhancement of test result accuracy, thereby improving the overall quality of laboratory practices and minimizing erroneous outcomes.
{"title":"NEED OF EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT SCHEME – AN EXPERIENCE IN CENTRAL LABORATORY AT RNTMC, UDAIPUR","authors":"Pragya Jakhar, Vijay Rajak, Gunja Dwivedi, Kiran Meena","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50813","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives of the study are to periodically assess the quality of the external quality assessment scheme (EQAS) with the aim of enhancing laboratory performances.\u0000Methods: An observational study was done at our central laboratory at RNTMC, Udaipur, after approval from the institutional review board. Our laboratory receives quarterly blood samples and already prepared slides from AIIMS, Delhi, for complete blood count (CBC). In addition, lyophilized blood samples for fibrinogen, prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) analysis are received quarterly from CMC, Vellore, through courier package. As for cytopathology, the third package includes already prepared 10 slides of 2 cycles for cytopathology analysis along with a brief clinical history.\u0000Results: CBC, peripheral blood film examination findings, and reticulocyte count results were consistently acceptable, except in August 2021, December 2022, and March 2023 when some parameters of CBC were deemed unacceptable. Results for PT/INR, APTT, and fibrinogen were within consensus at all-time except in March 2022, when they were out within consensus and deemed unacceptable. Similarly, results for cytopathology evaluation were in concordance with the results of the provider except for a few occasions were deviations were seen for some diagnoses due to interpretation error.\u0000Conclusion: Engaging in EQAS has facilitated the enhancement of test result accuracy, thereby improving the overall quality of laboratory practices and minimizing erroneous outcomes.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50719
Mantasha Rehmani, IRFAN AHMAD KHAN
Objective: The objective of the study is to monitor radiological contrast agent-induced toxicity in patients and compare the toxicity and safety profiles of different radiological contrast agents. Methods: This is an open-label, prospective, observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in April 2021 and September 2021. The study assessed the incidence of contrast-induced adverse events in different radiological procedures, i.e., contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) scans and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were recorded using the standard central drug standard control organization ADR reporting form. Causality assessment of the ADRs was done using Naranjo’s scale while severity assessment was measured using the Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale. Results: The baseline characteristics of patients were almost similar in both groups. The mean age and gender distribution of the patients were not significantly different among both groups. For the adverse reaction in CECT, the male-to-female ratio was 1.88, and for CEMRI, it was 1.61. The ADRs due to CEMRI and CECT were mild in severity. The results showed that ADRs between contrast-enhanced MRI and contrast-enhanced CT were not significantly different. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, we concluded that the contrast agents used in the radio-diagnostic procedures are safe, and further research in this field is of fundamental importance.
{"title":"MONITORING OF CONTRAST AGENT-INDUCED TOXICITY IN A TERTIARY HEALTH-CARE CENTER","authors":"Mantasha Rehmani, IRFAN AHMAD KHAN","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50719","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to monitor radiological contrast agent-induced toxicity in patients and compare the toxicity and safety profiles of different radiological contrast agents.\u0000Methods: This is an open-label, prospective, observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in April 2021 and September 2021. The study assessed the incidence of contrast-induced adverse events in different radiological procedures, i.e., contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) scans and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were recorded using the standard central drug standard control organization ADR reporting form. Causality assessment of the ADRs was done using Naranjo’s scale while severity assessment was measured using the Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale.\u0000Results: The baseline characteristics of patients were almost similar in both groups. The mean age and gender distribution of the patients were not significantly different among both groups. For the adverse reaction in CECT, the male-to-female ratio was 1.88, and for CEMRI, it was 1.61. The ADRs due to CEMRI and CECT were mild in severity. The results showed that ADRs between contrast-enhanced MRI and contrast-enhanced CT were not significantly different.\u0000Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, we concluded that the contrast agents used in the radio-diagnostic procedures are safe, and further research in this field is of fundamental importance.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50700
Bikki Lama, Ved Prakash Gupta, Dipankar Thakuria
Objective: This autopsy-based study aimed to determine the incidence of burn-related fatalities in Jorhat District, Assam, identify associated factors, investigate injury patterns and severity, explore contributing factors, examine the relationship between injuries and cause of death, differentiate between dermo-epidermal and deep burns, investigate circumstances surrounding burn injuries, and offer recommendations for prevention and forensic investigation improvements. Methods: Data were collected from medico-legal autopsies conducted at the Mortuary of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Jorhat Medical College and Hospital, Jorhat, between May 11, 2020, and May 10, 2021. Demographic information, burn characteristics, autopsy findings, and circumstances of injuries were analyzed. Results: Out of 628 medico-legal autopsies, burn-related deaths comprised 7.32% of cases. Victims with 51–60% total body surface area burns were most common (23.91%). Burns often occurred indoors, notably in kitchens (56.52%) and bedrooms (26.08%), with a majority in closed rooms (54.35%). Synthetic (47.82%) or cotton (41.30%) clothing was prevalent, and kerosene was common in alleged suicidal cases (23.92%). Most victims died within 24 h (43.46%), primarily due to shock (52.17%), and septicemia (45.65%). Dermo-epidermal burns were prevalent (93.47%), and deaths were mainly accidental (65.21%). Histopathological analysis revealed dermis and epidermis separation (82.60%), flattened and elongated epithelial cells (73.91%), congestion (76.09%), leukocyte infiltration (73.91%), capillary dilatation (67.39%), and edema (67.39%). Conclusion: This study provides comprehensive insights into burn injury characteristics, circumstances, and consequences. Recommendations include preventive measures and improvements in forensic investigation practices related to burn injuries, offering valuable implications for health care, forensic medicine, and public awareness initiatives.
{"title":"AN AUTOPSY-BASED STUDY ON THE PATTERNS OF INJURIES OF BURN CASES IN JORHAT DISTRICT, ASSAM","authors":"Bikki Lama, Ved Prakash Gupta, Dipankar Thakuria","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50700","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This autopsy-based study aimed to determine the incidence of burn-related fatalities in Jorhat District, Assam, identify associated factors, investigate injury patterns and severity, explore contributing factors, examine the relationship between injuries and cause of death, differentiate between dermo-epidermal and deep burns, investigate circumstances surrounding burn injuries, and offer recommendations for prevention and forensic investigation improvements.\u0000Methods: Data were collected from medico-legal autopsies conducted at the Mortuary of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Jorhat Medical College and Hospital, Jorhat, between May 11, 2020, and May 10, 2021. Demographic information, burn characteristics, autopsy findings, and circumstances of injuries were analyzed.\u0000Results: Out of 628 medico-legal autopsies, burn-related deaths comprised 7.32% of cases. Victims with 51–60% total body surface area burns were most common (23.91%). Burns often occurred indoors, notably in kitchens (56.52%) and bedrooms (26.08%), with a majority in closed rooms (54.35%). Synthetic (47.82%) or cotton (41.30%) clothing was prevalent, and kerosene was common in alleged suicidal cases (23.92%). Most victims died within 24 h (43.46%), primarily due to shock (52.17%), and septicemia (45.65%). Dermo-epidermal burns were prevalent (93.47%), and deaths were mainly accidental (65.21%). Histopathological analysis revealed dermis and epidermis separation (82.60%), flattened and elongated epithelial cells (73.91%), congestion (76.09%), leukocyte infiltration (73.91%), capillary dilatation (67.39%), and edema (67.39%).\u0000Conclusion: This study provides comprehensive insights into burn injury characteristics, circumstances, and consequences. Recommendations include preventive measures and improvements in forensic investigation practices related to burn injuries, offering valuable implications for health care, forensic medicine, and public awareness initiatives.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51524
Amit Satish Gupta, Aditya Airan, Apurva Satish Gupta
Objective: The objective of the study is to estimate the burden of tuberculosis (TB) patients, both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary, presenting to a tertiary care hospital in southern Rajasthan and to understand the resistance pattern among them. Methods: It is a retrospective observational study. The duration of the study was 3 years (January 2021–December 2023). Data were collected from TB registers maintained by the respiratory medicine department. The inclusion criteria were all suspected TB patients (pulmonary and extra-pulmonary). Both microbiologically confirmed and clinically diagnosed TB patients were included in the study. Results: The total number of sputum samples received of suspected pulmonary TB patients was 1923, out of which 600 (31.2%) were acid–fast bacilli (AFB) smear positive. The total number of samples received for CBNAAT testing was 1292, out of which 266 (20.59%) were CBNAAT positive. Total multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB patients were 58 (49 pulmonary TB and 9 extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) [5 lymph, 3 pleural, and 1 bone]). The percentage of MDR-pulmonary TB patients among total sputum samples tested was 2.55%. The total number of pulmonary TB patients diagnosed was 1016 (microbiologically confirmed 866 + clinically diagnosed 150). Total EPTB patients diagnosed were 805 (microbiologically confirmed 141 + clinically diagnosed 664). Conclusion: 31.2% of total sputum samples tested of suspected pulmonary TB patients were AFB smear positive, and 20.59% were CBNAAT positive. Most of the patients diagnosed with EPTB were diagnosed on a clincoradiological basis. The percentage of MDR–PTB among all sputum samples tested was 2.55%.
{"title":"CLINICAL PROFILE OF TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS (PULMONARY AND EXTRA-PULMONARY) PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL","authors":"Amit Satish Gupta, Aditya Airan, Apurva Satish Gupta","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51524","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to estimate the burden of tuberculosis (TB) patients, both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary, presenting to a tertiary care hospital in southern Rajasthan and to understand the resistance pattern among them.\u0000Methods: It is a retrospective observational study. The duration of the study was 3 years (January 2021–December 2023). Data were collected from TB registers maintained by the respiratory medicine department. The inclusion criteria were all suspected TB patients (pulmonary and extra-pulmonary). Both microbiologically confirmed and clinically diagnosed TB patients were included in the study.\u0000Results: The total number of sputum samples received of suspected pulmonary TB patients was 1923, out of which 600 (31.2%) were acid–fast bacilli (AFB) smear positive. The total number of samples received for CBNAAT testing was 1292, out of which 266 (20.59%) were CBNAAT positive. Total multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB patients were 58 (49 pulmonary TB and 9 extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) [5 lymph, 3 pleural, and 1 bone]). The percentage of MDR-pulmonary TB patients among total sputum samples tested was 2.55%. The total number of pulmonary TB patients diagnosed was 1016 (microbiologically confirmed 866 + clinically diagnosed 150). Total EPTB patients diagnosed were 805 (microbiologically confirmed 141 + clinically diagnosed 664).\u0000Conclusion: 31.2% of total sputum samples tested of suspected pulmonary TB patients were AFB smear positive, and 20.59% were CBNAAT positive. Most of the patients diagnosed with EPTB were diagnosed on a clincoradiological basis. The percentage of MDR–PTB among all sputum samples tested was 2.55%.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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