Pub Date : 1994-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640957
C. D. Harris
A distinguished specialist on the human geography of the former USSR examines the process whereby the Russian Federation increased its influence over most of the successor states during 1993 and early 1994. Particular attention is devoted to the interplay between (a) the status of Russian minorities, political instability, and ethnic conflict in the successor states and (b) military, economic, and political pressures exerted by the Russian Federation. In addition, the paper surveys the status of interethnic relations among Russians and eponymous populations in Russia's republics and other ethnic-territorial formations. 1 map, 44 references.
{"title":"Ethnic Tensions in the Successor Republics in 1993 and Early 1994","authors":"C. D. Harris","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640957","url":null,"abstract":"A distinguished specialist on the human geography of the former USSR examines the process whereby the Russian Federation increased its influence over most of the successor states during 1993 and early 1994. Particular attention is devoted to the interplay between (a) the status of Russian minorities, political instability, and ethnic conflict in the successor states and (b) military, economic, and political pressures exerted by the Russian Federation. In addition, the paper surveys the status of interethnic relations among Russians and eponymous populations in Russia's republics and other ethnic-territorial formations. 1 map, 44 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"104 1","pages":"185-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640957","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640959
George W. Breslauer
A prominent American specialist and observer of post-Soviet affairs examines the shifting balance between forces of disintegration and reintegration in the successor states of the former Soviet Union from the early 1990s to the present, with particular emphasis on actions taken by Russia. A concluding section focuses on observations relevant to an assessment of the extent to which recent trends toward reintegration may persist in the future. 8 references.
{"title":"Observations on Soviet Imperial Disintegration","authors":"George W. Breslauer","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640959","url":null,"abstract":"A prominent American specialist and observer of post-Soviet affairs examines the shifting balance between forces of disintegration and reintegration in the successor states of the former Soviet Union from the early 1990s to the present, with particular emphasis on actions taken by Russia. A concluding section focuses on observations relevant to an assessment of the extent to which recent trends toward reintegration may persist in the future. 8 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 1","pages":"216-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640958
J. Dunlop
The author "examines a range of issues surrounding the involuntary migration of Russian populations from the non-Russian republics of the former USSR. Among the questions addressed are possible magnitudes of in-migration into Russia (with special attention paid to conditions in one of the major source regions, Central Asia), attitudes in Russia regarding appropriate policy with respect to treatment of co-nationals in the near abroad and whether their return to Russia would have a positive or negative impact, and conditions in areas of Russia that presently are absorbing the greatest numbers of migrants. The assertion that Russian policy should seek aggressively to prevent the out-migration of Russian populations [from] the near abroad is assessed critically."
{"title":"Will the Russians return from the near abroad?","authors":"J. Dunlop","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640958","url":null,"abstract":"The author \"examines a range of issues surrounding the involuntary migration of Russian populations from the non-Russian republics of the former USSR. Among the questions addressed are possible magnitudes of in-migration into Russia (with special attention paid to conditions in one of the major source regions, Central Asia), attitudes in Russia regarding appropriate policy with respect to treatment of co-nationals in the near abroad and whether their return to Russia would have a positive or negative impact, and conditions in areas of Russia that presently are absorbing the greatest numbers of migrants. The assertion that Russian policy should seek aggressively to prevent the out-migration of Russian populations [from] the near abroad is assessed critically.\"","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 4 1","pages":"204-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640958","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640956
David R. Smith
This paper concentrates on impacts that regional and global climate changes may have on deltaic ecosystems using deltas in the Aral Sea basin as an example. In addition to an assessment of regional climate change and variability and their relationship to environmental conditions within inland river deltas, this paper examines the past development of the deltas (including consequences of human-induced alteration of the regional hydrologic cycle), climatic trends and ecosystem changes within them, and the relationships among future climatic and ecosystem changes that may occur. 11 figures, 2 tables, 71 references.
{"title":"Change and Variability in Climate and Ecosystem Decline in Aral Sea Basin Deltas","authors":"David R. Smith","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640956","url":null,"abstract":"This paper concentrates on impacts that regional and global climate changes may have on deltaic ecosystems using deltas in the Aral Sea basin as an example. In addition to an assessment of regional climate change and variability and their relationship to environmental conditions within inland river deltas, this paper examines the past development of the deltas (including consequences of human-induced alteration of the regional hydrologic cycle), climatic trends and ecosystem changes within them, and the relationships among future climatic and ecosystem changes that may occur. 11 figures, 2 tables, 71 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 1","pages":"142-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640956","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640952
Peter Kirkow, P. Hanson
A detailed study of Primorskiy Kray in the Russian Far East is used to investigate the extent to which current regional development and economic reform in Russia is imposed from above by the center vis-a-vis internally generated, based on local resources and initiatives. In the process, it provides an interesting exposition of how unique local factors are interwoven within center-periphery disputes over resource ownership and revenue sharing. A wide range of factors impinging upon the kray's capacity for autonomous development is surveyed—the situation within specific economic sectors, opportunities for cross-border trade, sources of budgetary income and expenditure, and local politics. 7 tables, 50 references.
{"title":"The Potential For Autonomous Regional Development in Russia: The Case of Primorskiy Kray","authors":"Peter Kirkow, P. Hanson","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640952","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed study of Primorskiy Kray in the Russian Far East is used to investigate the extent to which current regional development and economic reform in Russia is imposed from above by the center vis-a-vis internally generated, based on local resources and initiatives. In the process, it provides an interesting exposition of how unique local factors are interwoven within center-periphery disputes over resource ownership and revenue sharing. A wide range of factors impinging upon the kray's capacity for autonomous development is surveyed—the situation within specific economic sectors, opportunities for cross-border trade, sources of budgetary income and expenditure, and local politics. 7 tables, 50 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 1","pages":"63-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640952","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640954
David R. Marples
An authority on the effects of the Chernobyl' nuclear power station accident and analyst of the political and environmental situation in Belarus' focuses on the state of public health and health care in the republic. Particular emphasis is given to the impacts of the health effects of Chernobyl' on health care delivery. The effectiveness with which various institutional actors involved in health care (republic government, local government, medical research institutes, and nongovernmental charitable organizations) have responded with programs of research, health care delivery, and other efforts to ameliorate the health consequences of Chernobyl' and environmental pollution is examined. 1 table, 11 references.
{"title":"Environment, Economy, and Public Health Problems in Belarus'","authors":"David R. Marples","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640954","url":null,"abstract":"An authority on the effects of the Chernobyl' nuclear power station accident and analyst of the political and environmental situation in Belarus' focuses on the state of public health and health care in the republic. Particular emphasis is given to the impacts of the health effects of Chernobyl' on health care delivery. The effectiveness with which various institutional actors involved in health care (republic government, local government, medical research institutes, and nongovernmental charitable organizations) have responded with programs of research, health care delivery, and other efforts to ameliorate the health consequences of Chernobyl' and environmental pollution is examined. 1 table, 11 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 1","pages":"102-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640954","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640953
A. Moe, V. Kryukov
A Norwegian energy economist, and a Russian academician/advisor to the Tyumen' Oblast government, both long-time analysts of the former Soviet and now Russian oil industry, survey major developments, trends, and implications of ongoing reorganization in the oil sector. Key aspects in the assessment of the sector are the presence of market-based vs. administrative incentives and measures in the day-to-day operations of new organizational structures, the tension between elevating efficiency (profitability) and full employment and services provision (and between decentralization/recentralization), and government pricing and taxation policy featuring various deductions from oil-sector revenues into the Federation budget. Implications of current developments for revenue generation in the oil sector are analyzed. 1 figure, 7 references.
{"title":"Observations on the Reorganization of the Russian Oil Industry","authors":"A. Moe, V. Kryukov","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640953","url":null,"abstract":"A Norwegian energy economist, and a Russian academician/advisor to the Tyumen' Oblast government, both long-time analysts of the former Soviet and now Russian oil industry, survey major developments, trends, and implications of ongoing reorganization in the oil sector. Key aspects in the assessment of the sector are the presence of market-based vs. administrative incentives and measures in the day-to-day operations of new organizational structures, the tension between elevating efficiency (profitability) and full employment and services provision (and between decentralization/recentralization), and government pricing and taxation policy featuring various deductions from oil-sector revenues into the Federation budget. Implications of current developments for revenue generation in the oil sector are analyzed. 1 figure, 7 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 1","pages":"89-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640949
G. Schroeder
A prominent Western expert on economic affairs of the former Soviet Union provides an overview of the current state of economic reform in the area. The survey covers each of the 15 new states that emerged in 1991 after the disintegration of the old regime, emphasizing accomplishments and progress in 1992 and 1993 rather than problems that impede transition to market-oriented economies. Based on systematic perusal of the available local and Western data, as well as on other sources of information, the author identifies the basic similarities and differences in the reform process among the individual republics as well as their relevant geographic aggregations (e.g., Baltics, Western states, Transcaucasia, Central Asia). The overview embraces developments in late 1993. 23 references.
{"title":"Observations on Economic Reform in the Successor States","authors":"G. Schroeder","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640949","url":null,"abstract":"A prominent Western expert on economic affairs of the former Soviet Union provides an overview of the current state of economic reform in the area. The survey covers each of the 15 new states that emerged in 1991 after the disintegration of the old regime, emphasizing accomplishments and progress in 1992 and 1993 rather than problems that impede transition to market-oriented economies. Based on systematic perusal of the available local and Western data, as well as on other sources of information, the author identifies the basic similarities and differences in the reform process among the individual republics as well as their relevant geographic aggregations (e.g., Baltics, Western states, Transcaucasia, Central Asia). The overview embraces developments in late 1993. 23 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1994.10640951
P. Pryde
A senior American specialist on the environment in the post-Soviet successor states examines the evolution of the concept of critical environmental zones in the region and of programs designed to identify and map them. Coverage focuses on persistent shortcomings of such maps—despite their potential to convey important environmental information in a form sufficiently standardized to permit spatial and temporal comparisons—and their relationship to analogous sections of the recent Russian Federation environmental law. 4 figures and 24 references.
{"title":"Observations on the Mapping of Critical Environmental Zones in the Former Soviet Union","authors":"P. Pryde","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1994.10640951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640951","url":null,"abstract":"A senior American specialist on the environment in the post-Soviet successor states examines the evolution of the concept of critical environmental zones in the region and of programs designed to identify and map them. Coverage focuses on persistent shortcomings of such maps—despite their potential to convey important environmental information in a form sufficiently standardized to permit spatial and temporal comparisons—and their relationship to analogous sections of the recent Russian Federation environmental law. 4 figures and 24 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"35 1","pages":"38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1994.10640951","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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