Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan Tel: +81-562-93-9242 / Fax: +81-562-95-1879 / E-mail: aslapin@fujita-hu.ac.jp Anti-Aging Medicine 5 (8) : 82-86, 2008 (c) Japanese Society of Anti-Aging Medicine Original Article Association of insulin resistance indexes QUICKI and HOMA-IR with the parameters of metabolic syndrome in non-diabetes Japanese male population
{"title":"Association of insulin resistance indexes QUICKI and HOMA-IR with the parameters of metabolic syndrome in non-diabetes Japanese male population","authors":"A. Kakita, A. Suzuki, M. Nagata, M. Itoh","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.82","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan Tel: +81-562-93-9242 / Fax: +81-562-95-1879 / E-mail: aslapin@fujita-hu.ac.jp Anti-Aging Medicine 5 (8) : 82-86, 2008 (c) Japanese Society of Anti-Aging Medicine Original Article Association of insulin resistance indexes QUICKI and HOMA-IR with the parameters of metabolic syndrome in non-diabetes Japanese male population","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":"82-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85163065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Abe, Yurika Sato, M. Kunimoto, Y. Hachiro, T. Naito
The prevalence of fecal incontinence (FI) in the general population increases with age in male and female. The internal anal sphincter (IAS) plays a key role in maintaining continence, providing a large part of the maximum resting pressure (MRP). Increasing age is associated with a weakening of the MRP. The IAS thickness was measured using an ultrasound scanner with a 10 MHz rotating endoprobe in 774 subjects (382 female and 392 male). There was a positive correlation between the thickness of IAS and age in both sexes. In female, the thickness of IAS did not change from 20’s (1.89±0.41) to 40’s (2.06±0.52), but increased after 50’s (2.32±0.47) with age. In male, after 50’s (2.14±0.54) was significantly thicker than to 40’s (1.86±0.54). The thickness of IAS was thicker in female than in male (2.30±0.60 and 2.05±0.53, p < 0.001). It is known that the MRP decreases with age, therefore an increase of IAS thickness in the elderly may be an attempt at compensation, which ultimately fails because of a loss of tone.
{"title":"Effect of Aging and Gender on Internal Anal Sphincter Thickness","authors":"T. Abe, Yurika Sato, M. Kunimoto, Y. Hachiro, T. Naito","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.46","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of fecal incontinence (FI) in the general population increases with age in male and female. The internal anal sphincter (IAS) plays a key role in maintaining continence, providing a large part of the maximum resting pressure (MRP). Increasing age is associated with a weakening of the MRP. The IAS thickness was measured using an ultrasound scanner with a 10 MHz rotating endoprobe in 774 subjects (382 female and 392 male). There was a positive correlation between the thickness of IAS and age in both sexes. In female, the thickness of IAS did not change from 20’s (1.89±0.41) to 40’s (2.06±0.52), but increased after 50’s (2.32±0.47) with age. In male, after 50’s (2.14±0.54) was significantly thicker than to 40’s (1.86±0.54). The thickness of IAS was thicker in female than in male (2.30±0.60 and 2.05±0.53, p < 0.001). It is known that the MRP decreases with age, therefore an increase of IAS thickness in the elderly may be an attempt at compensation, which ultimately fails because of a loss of tone.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"46-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89054491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Tamagawa, L. Gerlinskaya, R. Nagatomi, M. Moshkin
in balance between anabolic and catabolic hormones, to the progressive decrease in circulating testosterone. are some to affect the anabolic to catabolic hormone ratio. anabolic to catabolic hormone ratio increases transitorily just after exercise. In an increase in salivary testosterone in men exposed to female pheromones has been reported. Although exercise tolerability and olfactory perception decline with age, we can not exclude the possibility of the adaptation for exercise training and of the sensitivity for pheromone exposure in elderly men. pheromones and physical modulate anabolic and catabolic in men. double-blind, From the second to fifth exercise class periods a commercially available pheromone (Osmopherine) was applied to the upper lip of 6 men before exercise and continued as volatile molecules were released from necklace worn continuously. Another 6 men received the pheromone carrier gel on their upper lip and a necklace with only the vehicle. Saliva samples were collected before and after each exercise class to measure testosterone and cortisol concentrations. The daily physical activity level for each subject was assessed by an accelerometer. RESULTS: Pheromone exposure and exercise classes led to a significant increase in the pre-exercise the rodents, considered “micro-osmatics”. Although humans are referred to as “micro-osmatics”, some authors believe that airborne chemical signals play an important role in non-verbal communication between people. 20-22) Evidence of modulations by pheromone exposure of the human endocrine system, autonomous nervous system, mood Abstract
{"title":"Female Pheromone and Physical Exercise Improve Endocrine Status in Elderly Japanese Men","authors":"A. Tamagawa, L. Gerlinskaya, R. Nagatomi, M. Moshkin","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.57","url":null,"abstract":"in balance between anabolic and catabolic hormones, to the progressive decrease in circulating testosterone. are some to affect the anabolic to catabolic hormone ratio. anabolic to catabolic hormone ratio increases transitorily just after exercise. In an increase in salivary testosterone in men exposed to female pheromones has been reported. Although exercise tolerability and olfactory perception decline with age, we can not exclude the possibility of the adaptation for exercise training and of the sensitivity for pheromone exposure in elderly men. pheromones and physical modulate anabolic and catabolic in men. double-blind, From the second to fifth exercise class periods a commercially available pheromone (Osmopherine) was applied to the upper lip of 6 men before exercise and continued as volatile molecules were released from necklace worn continuously. Another 6 men received the pheromone carrier gel on their upper lip and a necklace with only the vehicle. Saliva samples were collected before and after each exercise class to measure testosterone and cortisol concentrations. The daily physical activity level for each subject was assessed by an accelerometer. RESULTS: Pheromone exposure and exercise classes led to a significant increase in the pre-exercise the rodents, considered “micro-osmatics”. Although humans are referred to as “micro-osmatics”, some authors believe that airborne chemical signals play an important role in non-verbal communication between people. 20-22) Evidence of modulations by pheromone exposure of the human endocrine system, autonomous nervous system, mood Abstract","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"140 1","pages":"57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80545831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Osler stated that “A man is as old as his arteries.” Now, it has been known that attenuation of the production of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of inflammatory pathways play a central role in the anti-aging therapy for vasculature. Dysfunction of endothelial cells (EC) has been known to promote abnormal vascular growth such as that in atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis and postulated as an initial trigger of the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. We and others have previously demonstrated high D-glucose directly induced apoptosis through activation of the bax-caspase proteases pathway in human EC. Although it has been known for years that vascular cells can release a large amount ROS, including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, the role of oxidative stress in atherogenesis has received increasing attention in recent years. Recent works strongly suggest that NADPH oxidase is a major source of superoxide in cardiovascular cells oxidative stress can be involved in the process of endothelial dysfunction. From a view of these molecular mechanisms, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (stains) might inhibit the NADPH oxidase activation through inhibition of Rac activity and finally prevent the increase in ROS production in diabetes. Actually, recent clinical trial suggests that statins prevent several vascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes without high concentration of LDL-cholesterol. This pleiotropic effect of statins can improve endothelial dysfunction through Nitric Oxide production and/or anti-oxidant effect in diabetes patients.
{"title":"Aging of Blood Vessels","authors":"H. Nakagami, R. Morishita","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.73","url":null,"abstract":"William Osler stated that “A man is as old as his arteries.” Now, it has been known that attenuation of the production of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of inflammatory pathways play a central role in the anti-aging therapy for vasculature. Dysfunction of endothelial cells (EC) has been known to promote abnormal vascular growth such as that in atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis and postulated as an initial trigger of the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. We and others have previously demonstrated high D-glucose directly induced apoptosis through activation of the bax-caspase proteases pathway in human EC. Although it has been known for years that vascular cells can release a large amount ROS, including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, the role of oxidative stress in atherogenesis has received increasing attention in recent years. Recent works strongly suggest that NADPH oxidase is a major source of superoxide in cardiovascular cells oxidative stress can be involved in the process of endothelial dysfunction. From a view of these molecular mechanisms, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (stains) might inhibit the NADPH oxidase activation through inhibition of Rac activity and finally prevent the increase in ROS production in diabetes. Actually, recent clinical trial suggests that statins prevent several vascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes without high concentration of LDL-cholesterol. This pleiotropic effect of statins can improve endothelial dysfunction through Nitric Oxide production and/or anti-oxidant effect in diabetes patients.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"73-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89446962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Miyoshi, F. Hayashi, Y. Arai, M. Nozue, K. Yoshita, N. Yoshiike
BACKGROUND: In 2000 the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare initiated a new health promotion program, Health Japan 21, in which obesity control is one of the prioritized objectives. For the program's effective implementation, it is important to enhance individual nutritional education as well as to identify the socioeconomic and environmental factors affecting obesity-related lifestyle habits. This study aimed to investigate the secular changes in dietary and exercise habits between sexes and among four types of residential areas in Japan.METHODS: The datasets of annual national nutrition surveys (1976-2003) were used for the secondary analyses. Data on the dietary and exercise habits of 385,559 persons aged 15 years and older were analyzed. Residential areas were divided into four groups: metropolitan areas, large cities, small cities, and small towns.RESULTS: Similar trends were observed in the proportions of people skipping breakfast and eating out lunch/dinner, with those living in metropolitans having the highest proportions. The secular trend showed that the proportions of people eating dinner out were highest in the early 1990s, which corresponds to the “bubble period” in Japan.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that dietary habits could be greatly influenced by the country's economic situation, especially in metropolitan areas. Thus, area-specific population approaches should be enhanced to promote appropriate lifestyle habits, especially for the young to middle-aged.
{"title":"Regional Characteristics of Secular Changes in Obesity-Related Lifestyle Behavior in Japan","authors":"M. Miyoshi, F. Hayashi, Y. Arai, M. Nozue, K. Yoshita, N. Yoshiike","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.30","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: In 2000 the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare initiated a new health promotion program, Health Japan 21, in which obesity control is one of the prioritized objectives. For the program's effective implementation, it is important to enhance individual nutritional education as well as to identify the socioeconomic and environmental factors affecting obesity-related lifestyle habits. This study aimed to investigate the secular changes in dietary and exercise habits between sexes and among four types of residential areas in Japan.METHODS: The datasets of annual national nutrition surveys (1976-2003) were used for the secondary analyses. Data on the dietary and exercise habits of 385,559 persons aged 15 years and older were analyzed. Residential areas were divided into four groups: metropolitan areas, large cities, small cities, and small towns.RESULTS: Similar trends were observed in the proportions of people skipping breakfast and eating out lunch/dinner, with those living in metropolitans having the highest proportions. The secular trend showed that the proportions of people eating dinner out were highest in the early 1990s, which corresponds to the “bubble period” in Japan.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that dietary habits could be greatly influenced by the country's economic situation, especially in metropolitan areas. Thus, area-specific population approaches should be enhanced to promote appropriate lifestyle habits, especially for the young to middle-aged.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"30-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85756749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoshiko Takahashi, K. Murakami, A. Morita, N. Aiba, S. Sasaki
BACKGROUND: We planed a moderate-intensity lifestyle intervention program for overweight Japanese populations, the Saku Control Obesity Program (SCOP), a clinic-based, open randomized, cross-over trial. The purpose of the present article describes the baseline dietary characteristics of the study subjects.METHODS: Dietary intake at baseline was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire in overweight subjects (mean body mass index: 30.8kg/m²) in the intervention and the control groups (n = 119 and 116, respectively).RESULTS: Mean value of energy intakes was not significantly different between the intervention and the control groups (2485 and 2426 kcal/day, respectively). Mean intake of nutrients and foods was generally similar between the groups although higher intake of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, riboflavin, and dairy product and lower intake of pulses and seaweeds in the intervention than in the control groups were observed.CONCLUSIONS: Mean dietary intake level of energy, nutrients, and foods at baseline was similar between the intervention and the control groups although small significant difference was observed for a few dietary variables. These results suggest the success of randomization in the present study at least regarding dietary intake.
{"title":"Baseline dietary intake in the Saku Control Obesity Program (SCOP)","authors":"Yoshiko Takahashi, K. Murakami, A. Morita, N. Aiba, S. Sasaki","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: We planed a moderate-intensity lifestyle intervention program for overweight Japanese populations, the Saku Control Obesity Program (SCOP), a clinic-based, open randomized, cross-over trial. The purpose of the present article describes the baseline dietary characteristics of the study subjects.METHODS: Dietary intake at baseline was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire in overweight subjects (mean body mass index: 30.8kg/m²) in the intervention and the control groups (n = 119 and 116, respectively).RESULTS: Mean value of energy intakes was not significantly different between the intervention and the control groups (2485 and 2426 kcal/day, respectively). Mean intake of nutrients and foods was generally similar between the groups although higher intake of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, riboflavin, and dairy product and lower intake of pulses and seaweeds in the intervention than in the control groups were observed.CONCLUSIONS: Mean dietary intake level of energy, nutrients, and foods at baseline was similar between the intervention and the control groups although small significant difference was observed for a few dietary variables. These results suggest the success of randomization in the present study at least regarding dietary intake.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83520074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yohiskazu Yonei, Yoko Takahashi, S. Hibino, Miwako Watanabe, Toshikazu Yoshikawa
AIMS: This study is aimed to elucidate the effect of aerobic walking using watch-type pedometers with or without a heart rate checker, which may support to keep moderate exercise intensity.METHODS: Thirty one healthy subjects (mean age, 59.1 ± 5.0, 17 men and 14 women) were divided into 2 groups: the study group of 15 subjects (8 men and 7 women) using a pedometer with a heart rate checker and the control group of 16 subjects (9 men and 7 women) using a common pedometer checking heart rates by themselves. All participants tried aerobic walking exercises alone for 8 weeks, 5 days a week, for 45 minutes a day with an instructed exercise intensity 40 to 60%. The subjects underwent height, weight, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and hematological and blood chemistry tests before and after the study. In addition, all participants completed an aging and QOL questionnaire before and after the study.RESULTS: A decrease of systolic blood pressure (before-study value 140.2 ± 23.2 mmHg) by 3.7% and an increase of estrogen levels (by 37%) in women were observed in both groups. In a comparative study of the 2 groups, the study group showed significant improvements in “lethargy”, “tinnitus”, “early satiety”, “constipation” and “arthralgia” as physical symptoms and in “difficulty in falling asleep” and “pessimism” as mental symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic walking with a heart rate checker may help to maintain the exercise intensity within the range of 40% to 60% of maximum, thus resulted more desirable data than walking with self heart rate checking at one’s own pace.
{"title":"The effects of walking with pedometers on quality of life and various symptoms and issues relating to aging","authors":"Yohiskazu Yonei, Yoko Takahashi, S. Hibino, Miwako Watanabe, Toshikazu Yoshikawa","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.22","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: This study is aimed to elucidate the effect of aerobic walking using watch-type pedometers with or without a heart rate checker, which may support to keep moderate exercise intensity.METHODS: Thirty one healthy subjects (mean age, 59.1 ± 5.0, 17 men and 14 women) were divided into 2 groups: the study group of 15 subjects (8 men and 7 women) using a pedometer with a heart rate checker and the control group of 16 subjects (9 men and 7 women) using a common pedometer checking heart rates by themselves. All participants tried aerobic walking exercises alone for 8 weeks, 5 days a week, for 45 minutes a day with an instructed exercise intensity 40 to 60%. The subjects underwent height, weight, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and hematological and blood chemistry tests before and after the study. In addition, all participants completed an aging and QOL questionnaire before and after the study.RESULTS: A decrease of systolic blood pressure (before-study value 140.2 ± 23.2 mmHg) by 3.7% and an increase of estrogen levels (by 37%) in women were observed in both groups. In a comparative study of the 2 groups, the study group showed significant improvements in “lethargy”, “tinnitus”, “early satiety”, “constipation” and “arthralgia” as physical symptoms and in “difficulty in falling asleep” and “pessimism” as mental symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic walking with a heart rate checker may help to maintain the exercise intensity within the range of 40% to 60% of maximum, thus resulted more desirable data than walking with self heart rate checking at one’s own pace.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91252262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Morita, Yumi Ohmori, Nozomu Suzuki, Nori Ide, M. Morioka, N. Aiba, S. Sasaki, M. Miyachi, Mitsuhiko Noda, Shaw Watanabe
BACKGROUND: Japan has entered the epidemic of obesity. To clarify the contributing factors to the development of metabolic syndrome triggered by visceral fat obesity and to investigate the effectiveness of a weight-loss program, we launched a new intervention program for obese people. METHODS: Japanese subjects with high body mass index (BMI > 28.3 kg/m²) were selected for a weight-loss program from those who had undergone a medical checkup at the Saku Central Hospital. The baseline anthropometric and clinical findings of the participants were analyzed.RESULTS: At baseline, 235 subjects (116 men and 119 women) participated in this program. The mean weight, waist circumference, and visceral fat area were 86.4 ± 11.8 kg, 101.5 ± 8.7 cm, and 159.0 ± 54.1 cm² in men and 75.2 ± 9.5 kg, 103.7 ± 8.3 cm, and 129.8 ± 47.0 cm² in women, respectively. Using the Japanese diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 62.9% in men and 51.3% in women. Leptin, c-peptide, and insulin levels tended to increase with increasing numbers of metabolic risk factors in men. In women, c-peptide and free fatty acid levels tended to increase with increasing numbers of these factors, but adiponectin decreased dose-dependently with increasing numbers of factors. CONCLUSIONS: More than half the subjects were founded to meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Immediate intervention to lose weight and to improve other risk factors of metabolic syndrome is necessary in such seriously obese people.
{"title":"Anthropometric and Clinical Findings in Obese Japanese: The Saku Control Obesity Program (SCOP)","authors":"A. Morita, Yumi Ohmori, Nozomu Suzuki, Nori Ide, M. Morioka, N. Aiba, S. Sasaki, M. Miyachi, Mitsuhiko Noda, Shaw Watanabe","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.13","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Japan has entered the epidemic of obesity. To clarify the contributing factors to the development of metabolic syndrome triggered by visceral fat obesity and to investigate the effectiveness of a weight-loss program, we launched a new intervention program for obese people. METHODS: Japanese subjects with high body mass index (BMI > 28.3 kg/m²) were selected for a weight-loss program from those who had undergone a medical checkup at the Saku Central Hospital. The baseline anthropometric and clinical findings of the participants were analyzed.RESULTS: At baseline, 235 subjects (116 men and 119 women) participated in this program. The mean weight, waist circumference, and visceral fat area were 86.4 ± 11.8 kg, 101.5 ± 8.7 cm, and 159.0 ± 54.1 cm² in men and 75.2 ± 9.5 kg, 103.7 ± 8.3 cm, and 129.8 ± 47.0 cm² in women, respectively. Using the Japanese diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 62.9% in men and 51.3% in women. Leptin, c-peptide, and insulin levels tended to increase with increasing numbers of metabolic risk factors in men. In women, c-peptide and free fatty acid levels tended to increase with increasing numbers of these factors, but adiponectin decreased dose-dependently with increasing numbers of factors. CONCLUSIONS: More than half the subjects were founded to meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Immediate intervention to lose weight and to improve other risk factors of metabolic syndrome is necessary in such seriously obese people.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75754172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shigeho Tanaka, K. Ohkawara, K. Ishikawa-Takata, A. Morita, Shaw Watanabe
BACKGROUND: Large errors may occur when predicting basal metabolic rate (BMR) based on physical characteristics in obese people. In addition, the contribution of abdominal visceral fat to BMR remains controversial. This study examined the accuracy of several predictive equations for BMR and the contribution of abdominal fat distribution to BMR in obese Japanese participants in the Saku Control Obesity Program (SCOP). METHODS: BMR was determined using a mask and Douglas bag in adult males (n = 12) and females (n = 11). We measured abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat areas using computerized tomography.RESULTS: All the equations, with the exception of Bernstein’s, overestimated BMR in obese males. Some equations, including the Japan-Dietary Reference Intakes and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization/United Nations University (FAO/WHO/UNU) equations, overestimated BMR in obese females, while the Harris-Benedict and Henry equations provided relatively accurate predictions of BMR in obese females. We found no correlation between abdominal visceral fat area and BMR when adjusted for sex, fat-free mass, and abdominal subcutaneous fat area (partial r =−0.022). Abdominal subcutaneous fat area correlated significantly with BMR when adjusted for sex, fat-free mass, and abdominal visceral fat area (partial r = 0.732), although this correlation was no longer significant after adjustment for total fat mass (partial r = 0.266).CONCLUSIONS: In obese Japanese subjects, most the predictive equations overestimated BMR in males, whereas some equations were relatively accurate for females. Our findings indicate abdominal fat distribution may not be independently related with BMR.
{"title":"Accuracy of Predictive Equations for Basal Metabolic Rate and Contribution of Abdominal Fat Distribution to Basal Metabolic Rate in Obese Japanese People","authors":"Shigeho Tanaka, K. Ohkawara, K. Ishikawa-Takata, A. Morita, Shaw Watanabe","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.5.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.5.17","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Large errors may occur when predicting basal metabolic rate (BMR) based on physical characteristics in obese people. In addition, the contribution of abdominal visceral fat to BMR remains controversial. This study examined the accuracy of several predictive equations for BMR and the contribution of abdominal fat distribution to BMR in obese Japanese participants in the Saku Control Obesity Program (SCOP). METHODS: BMR was determined using a mask and Douglas bag in adult males (n = 12) and females (n = 11). We measured abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat areas using computerized tomography.RESULTS: All the equations, with the exception of Bernstein’s, overestimated BMR in obese males. Some equations, including the Japan-Dietary Reference Intakes and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization/United Nations University (FAO/WHO/UNU) equations, overestimated BMR in obese females, while the Harris-Benedict and Henry equations provided relatively accurate predictions of BMR in obese females. We found no correlation between abdominal visceral fat area and BMR when adjusted for sex, fat-free mass, and abdominal subcutaneous fat area (partial r =−0.022). Abdominal subcutaneous fat area correlated significantly with BMR when adjusted for sex, fat-free mass, and abdominal visceral fat area (partial r = 0.732), although this correlation was no longer significant after adjustment for total fat mass (partial r = 0.266).CONCLUSIONS: In obese Japanese subjects, most the predictive equations overestimated BMR in males, whereas some equations were relatively accurate for females. Our findings indicate abdominal fat distribution may not be independently related with BMR.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"2017 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86790445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Yonei, Yoko Takahashi, H. Takahashi, Miwako Watanabe, T. Mochizuki, H. Bando
A double-blind, randomized and placebo controlled study was carried out to examine the anti-aging efficacy and safety of Rokkaku Reishi in 22 overweight Japanese women (46.5±7.9 years old, BMI 26.8±2.7) consisting of 11 in the Analyte Group and 11 in the Placebo Group. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and neutral fat values in the blood, which had been checked as background factors of the subjects, were mismatched, significantly higher respectively in the Analyte Group than in the Placebo Group. Evaluation of efficacy for lipid profiles was inevitable. In the Analyte Group the values of Hematocrit (-3.5%) and γ-GTP (-15.0%) significantly declined while HbAlc (2.3%) and K (5.4%) significantly increased after supplementation. The rate of increase of HbAlc in the Analyte Group was significantly higher than that in the Placebo Group. NK-cell activity showed no difference pre- and post-supplementation in either group. Oxidative-stress markers showed no significant difference pre- and post-supplementation for either group. A Common questionnaire on physical symptoms showed that the categories “Coughing and sputum” and “Grey hair” significantly declined after supplementation in the Analyte Group while no difference was found in the Placebo Group. For skin age scores measured using a Roboskinanalyzer, the scores for the categories “Noticeable pores”, “Large noticeable pores” and “Dusky noticeable pores” were significantly lower in the Analyte Group compared to the Placebo Group. A significant correlation was found between 8-OHdG in terms of its level, creatinine-corrected value and generation rate, and the number of “Noticeable pores”. No adverse reaction was found during the study. These results suggest that the four weeks supplementation of Rokkaku Reishi showed favorable effects on skin condition.
{"title":"A double-blind clinical study of Rokkaku Reishi essence in women","authors":"Y. Yonei, Yoko Takahashi, H. Takahashi, Miwako Watanabe, T. Mochizuki, H. Bando","doi":"10.3793/JAAM.4.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3793/JAAM.4.28","url":null,"abstract":"A double-blind, randomized and placebo controlled study was carried out to examine the anti-aging efficacy and safety of Rokkaku Reishi in 22 overweight Japanese women (46.5±7.9 years old, BMI 26.8±2.7) consisting of 11 in the Analyte Group and 11 in the Placebo Group. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and neutral fat values in the blood, which had been checked as background factors of the subjects, were mismatched, significantly higher respectively in the Analyte Group than in the Placebo Group. Evaluation of efficacy for lipid profiles was inevitable. In the Analyte Group the values of Hematocrit (-3.5%) and γ-GTP (-15.0%) significantly declined while HbAlc (2.3%) and K (5.4%) significantly increased after supplementation. The rate of increase of HbAlc in the Analyte Group was significantly higher than that in the Placebo Group. NK-cell activity showed no difference pre- and post-supplementation in either group. Oxidative-stress markers showed no significant difference pre- and post-supplementation for either group. A Common questionnaire on physical symptoms showed that the categories “Coughing and sputum” and “Grey hair” significantly declined after supplementation in the Analyte Group while no difference was found in the Placebo Group. For skin age scores measured using a Roboskinanalyzer, the scores for the categories “Noticeable pores”, “Large noticeable pores” and “Dusky noticeable pores” were significantly lower in the Analyte Group compared to the Placebo Group. A significant correlation was found between 8-OHdG in terms of its level, creatinine-corrected value and generation rate, and the number of “Noticeable pores”. No adverse reaction was found during the study. These results suggest that the four weeks supplementation of Rokkaku Reishi showed favorable effects on skin condition.","PeriodicalId":86085,"journal":{"name":"Journal of anti-aging medicine","volume":"117 1","pages":"28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81181655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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