Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献_第9页

Somatic hybridization: a Cinderella of plant biotechnology? 体细胞杂交：植物生物技术的灰姑娘？

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103875

Elena Rakosy-Tican, Daniel Cruceriu, Imola Molnar

Somatic hybridization is a plant biotechnological technique that belongs to genetic manipulation/improvement since it involves the genetic manipulation of naked plant cells or protoplasts. Protoplast from two different species or genotypes can be fused and somatic hybrid plants regenerated based on plant somatic cell totipotency. The first somatic hybrids were obtained and regenerated in the 1970s and many groups of crops and horticultural species have benefited from the isolation of protoplasts, their fusion and regeneration of improved somatic or parasexual hybrids. In some crops, such as potato, this genetic manipulation tool has produced good results with exploitation of wild Solanum species as donors of resistance genes. Still, there are many reviews on plant biotechnology that only discuss the most recent techniques, such as plant genetic transformation, RNAi and genome editing techniques, as successful plant biotechnologies. In this review we aim to discuss some of the reasons for the neglect shown to somatic hybridization, a technique able to bypass pre- and postzygotic sexual incompatibility barriers between related but incongruent species and to facilitate the introgression of multiple genes (i.e. QTLs) or multiple resistance traits into the gene pool of different crops. We also discuss the new role of this technique in the genomic era, and how this Cinderella of plant biotechnology can benefit plant breeding as a non-GMO technology in a complex, combinatorial biotechnological scheme under the urgent challenges of climate change and population growth.

体细胞杂交是一种植物生物技术，它涉及对植物裸细胞或原生质体进行遗传操作，属于遗传操作/改良。利用植物体细胞的全能性，可以实现两种不同物种或基因型原生质体的融合和体细胞杂交植株的再生。第一批体细胞杂交种是在20世纪70年代获得和再生的，许多作物和园艺物种都受益于原生质体的分离、它们的融合和体细胞或拟性杂交种的再生。在某些作物中，如马铃薯，这种遗传操作工具在利用野生茄属植物作为抗性基因供体方面取得了良好的效果。然而，关于植物生物技术的许多评论只讨论了最新的技术，如植物遗传转化、RNAi和基因组编辑技术，作为成功的植物生物技术。在这篇综述中，我们的目的是讨论一些忽视体细胞杂交的原因，体细胞杂交是一种技术，能够绕过亲缘但不一致的物种之间的合子前和合子后性不亲和障碍，并促进多个基因（即qtl）或多个抗性性状渗入不同作物的基因库。我们还讨论了这种技术在基因组时代的新作用，以及在气候变化和人口增长的紧迫挑战下，这种植物生物技术的灰姑娘如何在复杂的、组合的生物技术方案中有益于植物育种。

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引用次数: 0

Application of feruloyl esterase BpFae03105 and xylanase XynAS Co-enzymolysis to produce ferulic acid from wheat bran 应用阿魏酰酯酶BpFae03105和木聚糖酶XynAS辅酶解麦麸制备阿魏酸

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103868

Han Lichun , Zhong Xiufang , Fu Zhilei , Yan Jinlong , Xiao Lin , Zhu Yuting , Liu Xiaoyan , Rana Abdul Basit , Wang Jinpeng , Yin Dafeng , Fan Guangsen

Wheat bran, rich in phenolic compounds like ferulic acid (FA), faces limited bioconversion due to its recalcitrant lignocellulosic structure. This study developed a synergistic catalytic system using feruloyl esterase (BpFae03105) and xylanase (XynAS) for efficient conversion into FA and xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS). A multi-stage optimization strategy was employed. First, the effective ranges of eight basic parameters were determined through single-factor experiments. Then, Plackett-Burman design was used to screen for significant factors influencing FA yield, identifying enzymatic hydrolysis temperature, time, and enzyme addition ratio as the most critical. The conditions were further optimized using the Box-Behnken response surface method, resulting in the following optimal conditions: enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 43 °C, reaction time of 4.2 h, shaker rotational speed of 120 rpm, pH 5.0 phosphate buffer, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:115 (w/v), enzyme addition ratio (BpFae03105:XynAS) of 1:11.2, BpFae03105 concentration of 8 U/mL, and wheat bran particle size greater than 20 mesh. Under these conditions, the FA yield reached 77.98 %, a 2.65-fold increase compared to the unoptimized process. In addition, XOS production achieved a substantial yield of 26.24 %, marking a significant breakthrough in co-product generation. The proposed mechanism suggests XynAS degrades xylan, disrupting the lignocellulosic matrix and exposing feruloyl ester groups, thereby enhancing substrate accessibility and BpFae03105 catalytic efficiency. The synergistic enzymatic action overcame limitations of traditional individual enzymes systems, particularly product inhibition, enabling integrated wheat bran valorization. Overall, this study provides a novel, scalable biorefinery approach for high-value utilization of agricultural by-products, offering economic and environmental benefits for sustainable biomass processing.

麦麸富含阿魏酸（FA）等酚类化合物，由于其顽固的木质纤维素结构，其生物转化受到限制。本研究建立了阿铁酰酯酶（BpFae03105）和木聚糖酶（XynAS）协同催化体系，高效转化FA和低聚木糖（XOS）。采用多阶段优化策略。首先，通过单因素实验确定8个基本参数的有效范围；然后采用Plackett-Burman设计筛选影响FA产率的显著因素，确定酶解温度、酶解时间和酶加比为最关键因素。采用Box-Behnken响应面法进一步优化条件，得到酶解温度43℃，反应时间4.2 h，振动筛转速120 rpm，磷酸盐缓冲液pH 5.0，料液比1:15 15 (w/v)，酶加比（BpFae03105:XynAS） 1:11.2， BpFae03105浓度8 U/mL，麦麸粒径大于20 mesh。在此条件下，FA收率达到77.98%，比未优化工艺提高了2.65倍。此外，XOS产量达到了26.24%，标志着副产物生成的重大突破。该机制表明，XynAS降解木聚糖，破坏木质纤维素基质并暴露阿铁酰酯基团，从而提高底物可及性和BpFae03105的催化效率。协同酶的作用克服了传统的单个酶系统的局限性，特别是产物抑制，使整体麦麸增值。总的来说，这项研究为农业副产品的高价值利用提供了一种新颖的、可扩展的生物炼制方法，为可持续的生物质加工提供了经济和环境效益。

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引用次数: 0

Phytotoxicity of Hesperozygis ringens (Benth.) Epling essential oil on Lolium multiflorum Lam 黄皮参的植物毒性研究（下）何首乌精油的研究

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103881

Maiqueli Longaretti Bonetz , Fernanda Bruxel , Mara Cíntia Winhelmann , Camila Thaís Scheibler , Shirley Martins Silva , Gabriela Larissa Kock , Luana Lermen Becchi , Julia Gastmann , Amanda Pichani Primaz , Lucélia Hoehne , Elisete Maria de Freitas

The development of alternative practices for weed management, such as the use of essential oil EO based herbicides, seeks to reduce dependence on synthetic herbicides and promote agricultural sustainability. In this context, we investigated the effects of Hesperozygis ringens essential oil on Lolium multiflorum. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation, and then subjected to bioassays of germination and initial seedling development exposed to the essential oil at the indicated concentrations of 0.0 %, 0.001 %, 0.0025 %, 0.005 %, 0.01 %, and 0.02 %; as well as in vitro tests with adult plants (0.0 %, 0.02 %, and 0.04 %); and field tests (1.0 % EO, conventional herbicide ammonium glufosinate and water, water and an adjuvant, and only water). Chemical characterization of the EO identified 29 compounds, the major was pulegone (70.65 %), limonene (4.49 %), bicyclogermacrene (2.54 %), linalool (2.45 %), and (E)-caryophyllene (2.27 %). The EO had a phytotoxic effect on L. multiflorum starting at 0.001 %, with higher efficacy at the concentrations of 0.01 % and 0.02 %. At these concentrations, there was complete inhibition of germination and seedling formation, significant reduction in growth of roots and aerial parts of seedlings, decreased chlorophyll and dry mass values, as well as damages to cell membranes. In the field tests, there was decreased chlorophyll and relevant anatomical changes in plant tissue; cell lesions observed in anatomical cuts were similar to those caused by synthetic herbicides, and similar to those observed in the treatment with glufosinate. H. ringens EO was shown to be promising for the development of a natural herbicide.

开发杂草管理的替代方法，例如使用精油基除草剂，旨在减少对合成除草剂的依赖，促进农业的可持续性。以何首乌为研究对象，研究了何首乌精油对何首乌生长的影响。通过加氢蒸馏法获得精油，并在精油浓度为0.0%、0.001 %、0.0025%、0.005%、0.01%和0.02%的条件下进行萌发和幼苗发育的生物测定；以及成年植物的体外试验（0.0%，0.02%和0.04%）；现场试验（1.0% EO，常规除草剂草甘膦铵和水，水和助剂，和只有水）。化学性质鉴定出29个化合物，主要为普莱酮（70.65%）、柠檬烯（4.49%）、双环绿烯（2.54%）、芳樟醇（2.45%）和(E)-石竹烯（2.27%）。从0.001%浓度开始，EO对何首乌具有一定的植物毒性，以0.01%和0.02%浓度的效果更好。在这些浓度下，萌发和成苗完全受到抑制，幼苗根系和地上部分的生长显著减少，叶绿素和干质量值下降，细胞膜受损。在田间试验中，叶绿素含量降低，植物组织发生了相关的解剖变化；解剖切口中观察到的细胞病变与合成除草剂引起的细胞病变相似，与草铵膦治疗中观察到的细胞病变相似。结果表明，绿根草具有开发天然除草剂的良好前景。

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引用次数: 0

Valorization of banana leaf (Musa spp. var. Cavendish): A comprehensive study of bioactive compounds and biological activities 香蕉叶（Musa spp. var. Cavendish）的增值：生物活性化合物和生物活性的综合研究

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103877

Thi-Dung Ha , Thi Hue Cao , Van Nhan Le , Y Doan Trang Tran , Hien Y Hoang

Banana leaf is an abundant, commonly discarded agricultural by-product with culinary and medicinal potential, yet its phytochemical composition and biological potential remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate the impact of drying temperature on the bioactive compounds and biological activity in banana leaf. Leaves were oven-dried at different temperatures or sun-dried, and polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin content were quantified. Obtained results revealed that drying temperature significantly influenced the content of these compounds, with 50 °C identified as the optimal condition for preserving these bioactive compounds. GC-MS analysis of ethanol extract from leaf dried at 50 °C showed a high level of fatty acids (46.40 %), terpenes and derivatives (22.99 %), along with other bioactive constituents. Pathway enrichment analysis of detected compounds suggested potential biological functions of banana leaf. Extract of leaf dried at 50 °C showed the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH EC₅₀: 33.69–54.40 μg/mL; reducing power EC₅₀: 76.04–97.75 μg/mL, beta-carotene bleaching inhibition IC₅₀: 295.33 ± 7.35 μg/mL), NO-production inhibition (IC₅₀: 43.79–68.09 μg/mL) with no detectable cytotoxicity in vitro, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans (MIC: 256 μg/mL). These findings highlight that banana leaf possesses potent biological potential, and oven-drying at 50 °C is the most effective drying temperature for retaining banana leaf's bioactive properties, supporting its potential application in food and pharmacy while promoting sustainable agricultural waste utilization.

香蕉叶是一种丰富的、通常被丢弃的农业副产品，具有烹饪和药用潜力，但其植物化学成分和生物潜力仍未得到充分开发。本研究旨在探讨干燥温度对香蕉叶中生物活性成分及生物活性的影响。将叶片在不同温度下烘干或晒干，定量测定多酚、类黄酮和单宁含量。结果表明，干燥温度对这些化合物的含量有显著影响，50℃是保存这些生物活性化合物的最佳条件。50°C干燥的乙醇提取物的GC-MS分析显示，脂肪酸（46.40%），萜烯及其衍生物（22.99%）含量高，以及其他生物活性成分。途径富集分析表明，香蕉叶具有潜在的生物学功能。50℃干燥叶提取物抗氧化活性最高（DPPH EC50: 33.69 ~ 54.40 μg/mL，还原力EC50: 76.04 ~ 97.75 μg/mL）， β -胡萝卜素漂白抑制作用IC50: 295.33±7.35 μg/mL)， no生成抑制作用（IC50: 43.79 ~ 68.09 μg/mL），体外无细胞毒性，抗白色念珠菌活性最高（MIC: 256 μg/mL）。这些研究结果表明，香蕉叶具有强大的生物潜力，50°C的干燥温度是保持香蕉叶生物活性特性的最有效干燥温度，支持其在食品和制药方面的潜在应用，同时促进农业废弃物的可持续利用。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods on phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Indonesian brown seaweeds (Sargassum duplicatum, Turbinaria ornata and Padina australis) 常规提取和超声辅助提取对印尼褐藻（马尾藻、鸟Turbinaria ornata和南蹄草）植物化学成分、抗氧化及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的影响

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103861

Muhammad Kurnia Akbari , Yulia Anita , Antonius Herry Cahyana , Nina Artanti , Hakiki Melanie , Bahrun , Tuti Wukirsari

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global health crisis exacerbated by oxidative stress, requires long-term therapeutic solutions. This study aims to examine the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the methanolic extract derived from three Indonesian brown seaweed species—Sargassum duplicatum, Turbinaria ornata, and Padina australis. The study employs methanol-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) compared to conventional extraction (CE) methods. The yield, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content, antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assay), and α-glucosidase inhibition were assessed and analyzed. The chemical profiles of the extracts were investigated using LC-HRMS/MS. Molecular docking was carried out using the AutoDock-Tools software with the isomaltase α-glucosidase protein receptor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PDB ID: 3A4A) with seven preferred ligands from metabolomic analysis using LC-HRMS/MS. The findings demonstrate that CE outperformed UAE in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, and α-glucosidase inhibition. Among the species examined, S. duplicatum demonstrated the highest antioxidant and antidiabetic activity, especially when extracted using CE method. Metabolomic analysis using LC-HRMS/MS on methanol extracts of three brown seaweed species showed fucoxanthin, amino acids, nucleosides, fatty acids, terpenoids, and phenolics. The molecular docking showed kirenol and eudesmin have the best binding affinity of ligand-protein complexes. The results indicate that S. duplicatum provides bioactive compounds that mitigate oxidative stress and hyperglycemia, highlighting the potential of tropical marine biodiversity for the development of seaweed-based medicines.

糖尿病（DM）是一种由氧化应激加剧的全球性健康危机，需要长期治疗解决方案。本研究旨在研究三种印度尼西亚褐藻——马尾藻、鸟Turbinaria ornata和南海草的甲醇提取物的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。与传统提取（CE）方法相比，该研究采用基于甲醇的超声辅助提取（UAE）。对其产率、总酚（TPC）和类黄酮（TFC）含量、抗氧化活性（DPPH、ABTS和FRAP）和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用进行了评价和分析。采用LC-HRMS/MS对提取物的化学成分进行分析。利用AutoDock-Tools软件与酿酒酵母异麦糖酶α-葡萄糖苷酶蛋白受体（PDB ID: 3A4A）进行分子对接，并利用LC-HRMS/MS对代谢组学分析得到的7个优选配体进行对接。结果表明，CE在总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、抗氧化活性和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力方面优于UAE。其中，双星藤具有最高的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性，特别是用CE法提取时。利用LC-HRMS/MS对3种褐藻甲醇提取物进行代谢组学分析，发现其中含有岩藻黄素、氨基酸、核苷、脂肪酸、萜类和酚类物质。分子对接结果表明，基烯醇和芡实素具有最佳的配体-蛋白复合物结合亲和力。结果表明，双头海参提供了减轻氧化应激和高血糖的生物活性化合物，突出了热带海洋生物多样性在开发基于海藻的药物方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Hepatoprotective potential of Salacia oblonga root against antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity: An in vivo approach 黄芩根对抗结核药物肝毒性的保护作用：体内研究

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103874

Sumbul Qidwai, Asad Ahmad, Mohammad Shariq, Anas Islam, Mohammad Khushtar

Herbal medicines are traditionally used for hepatoprotection, yet scientific validation remains essential. The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of Salacia oblonga roots (SOR) against isoniazid (50 mg/kg) and rifampicin (100 mg/kg)–induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were divided into five groups: normal control (saline), toxic control (INH + RIF), low-dose SOR (250 mg/kg) high-dose SOR (500 mg/kg), and standard (silymarin 100 mg/kg). Treatments were administered orally for 14 days. Biochemical analyzes showed that high-dose SOR significantly reduced serum ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, liver weight, and relative liver weight, while restoring final body weight and total protein levels compared to toxic controls. The hepatoprotective effect of SOR (500 mg/kg) was comparable, although slightly less potent, than that of silymarin. Antioxidant assays demonstrated improved levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH with a reduction in lipid peroxidation, supporting the attenuation of oxidative stress. Histopathological observations confirmed preservation of hepatic architecture in the SOR and silymarin treated groups. Furthermore, LC-MS profiling revealed phenolic and flavonoid derivatives, while ICP–MS analysis confirmed the presence of essential elements such as Mg, Ca, Fe and Cu, and negligible levels of toxic heavy metals, thus strengthening the phytochemical characterization and safety evaluation. These findings suggest that S. oblonga root extract exerts hepatoprotective effects by modulating oxidative stress and biochemical alterations in antitubercular drug–induced hepatotoxicity.

草药传统上用于保护肝脏，但科学验证仍然是必不可少的。本研究对异烟肼（50 mg/kg）和利福平（100 mg/kg）对Sprague-Dawley大鼠肝毒性的保护作用进行了评价。将小鼠分为正常对照组（生理盐水）、中毒对照组（INH + RIF）、低剂量组（250 mg/kg）、高剂量组（500 mg/kg）和标准组（水飞蓟素100 mg/kg）。口服治疗14天。生化分析显示，与中毒对照组相比，高剂量SOR显著降低血清ALT、AST、ALP、总胆红素、肝脏重量和相对肝脏重量，同时恢复最终体重和总蛋白水平。SOR （500 mg/kg）的肝保护作用与水飞蓟素相当，但效力略弱。抗氧化实验表明，SOD、CAT和GSH水平提高，脂质过氧化降低，支持氧化应激的减弱。组织病理学观察证实，SOR组和水飞蓟素组肝脏结构得以保留。此外，LC-MS分析发现了酚类和类黄酮衍生物，而ICP-MS分析证实了必需元素如Mg、Ca、Fe和Cu的存在，以及可忽略的有毒重金属含量，从而加强了植物化学表征和安全性评价。上述结果提示，长叶参提取物通过调节抗结核药物肝毒性的氧化应激和生化变化，发挥保护肝的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Green synthesis of chitosan–silver nanoparticles using Lannea coromandelica: A synergistic in vitro and in vivo approach for accelerated wound healing in BALB/c mice 绿色合成壳聚糖-银纳米颗粒：体外和体内加速BALB/c小鼠伤口愈合的协同方法

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103876

Mydhili Govindarasu , Manju Vaiyapuri , Muthu Thiruvengadam

Chronic and acute skin wounds present a significant clinical challenge, imposing considerable financial and societal burdens due to complications related to delayed healing. Effective wound management requires precise regulation of inflammatory pathways and robust antimicrobial strategies to prevent infection. In this study, we reported a novel, eco-friendly and cost-effective green synthesis approach to develop chitosan–silver nanoparticles (CS-LC AgNPs) using Lannea coromandelica bark extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were extensively characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm crystallinity, FTIR to identify functional group interactions, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDAX) to assess morphology and elemental composition. The unique combination of chitosan's biocompatibility with the phytochemical reducing and stabilizing properties of L. coromandelica resulted in CS-LC AgNPs with enhanced antimicrobial activity. Their efficacy was assessed using a zone of inhibition (ZOI) assay against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which demonstrated strong bactericidal effsects. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, the nanoparticles produced maximum ZOI values of 20 mm and 23 mm for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively, highlighting their potent antimicrobial properties. In vivo wound healing studies demonstrated that topical application of CS-LC AgNPs significantly accelerated wound closure, achieving a remarkable healing efficiency of 95.68 ± 1.29 % by day 14, surpassing CS-LC AgNPs treatment outcomes. Histopathological analysis further supported these findings, showing enhanced granulation tissue formation, increased collagen deposition, and accelerated re-epithelialization. Overall, the results underscore the therapeutic potential of CS-LC AgNPs as a promising candidate for the development of next-generation, herbal-based nanoparticle formulations for advanced wound care applications.

慢性和急性皮肤伤口是一项重大的临床挑战，由于与延迟愈合相关的并发症，造成了相当大的经济和社会负担。有效的伤口管理需要精确调节炎症途径和强有力的抗菌策略来预防感染。在这项研究中，我们报道了一种新颖的、环保的、经济的绿色合成方法，以lanea coromandelica树皮提取物为原料制备壳聚糖-银纳米颗粒（CS-LC AgNPs）。合成的纳米颗粒通过x射线衍射（XRD）来确定结晶度，FTIR来确定官能团的相互作用，扫描电子显微镜（SEM-EDAX）来评估形貌和元素组成。壳聚糖的生物相容性与L. coromandelica植物化学还原和稳定特性的独特结合，使CS-LC AgNPs具有增强的抗菌活性。对铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行了抑菌区（ZOI）试验，结果表明其具有较强的杀菌效果。在浓度为100 μg/mL时，纳米颗粒对铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最大ZOI值分别为20 mm和23 mm，显示出其强大的抗菌性能。体内创面愈合研究表明，局部应用CS-LC AgNPs可显著加速创面愈合，在第14天达到95.68±1.29%的显著愈合效率，超过了CS-LC AgNPs的治疗效果。组织病理学分析进一步支持这些发现，显示肉芽组织形成增强，胶原沉积增加，再上皮化加速。总的来说，这些结果强调了CS-LC AgNPs的治疗潜力，它是开发下一代草药纳米颗粒配方的有希望的候选物，可用于高级伤口护理应用。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated management of hexavalent chromium stress and blast pathogenesis in rice using Exiguobacterium indicum OMCW-10 利用indicum Exiguobacterium OMCW-10综合治理水稻六价铬胁迫和稻瘟病发病机制

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103879

Arya Kumar Dibyananda Naik , Debasish Pati , Monika Priyadarshanee , Reecha Mohapatra , Rishi Kesh , Ramesh Namdeo Pudake , Surajit Das , Binod Bihari Sahu

Exiguobacterium indicum OMCW-10, a naturally occurring Cr⁶⁺ resistant bacterial strain isolated from a chromite mine, reduced 88.94 % of Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺ within 50 days in Cr⁶⁺ contaminated soil and demonstrated resistance to 1800 ppm of Cr⁶⁺ toxicity. Advanced analytical techniques, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy fitted with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), revealed the presence of Cr on the bacterial surface, Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) showed the involvement of hydroxyl, alkanes, amines, amides, and ether functional groups involved in Cr binding, act as an electron donor and reduced Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺ confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. E. indicum OMCW-10 also released antimicrobial compounds and inhibited the radial growth of the blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae by 50 %, 47 %, and 40 % on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days of co-cultivation, respectively. Rice seedlings primed with 10⁸ CFU/mL of E. indicum OMCW-10 at 25–35 °C with 16h light/10h dark and 80–85 % relative humidity enhanced the expression of defense genes like OsNPR1, OsWRKY45, and OsPR10, which provided early and faster Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) against M. oryzae pathogen and ≥83.3 % reduction in blast lesion size, cellular damage, ROS generation, protect the chlorophyll from degradation, maintained the membrane integrity and limited the invasive mycelia formation in rice leaves and sheath upon M. oryzae infection. These findings highlight that a bio-primed Swarna cultivar with E. indicum OMCW-10 reduces rice blast severity. This eco-friendly bacterial strain can also be used as a substitute for Cr⁶⁺ bioremediation in polluted soil.

从铬铁矿中分离出的耐Cr6+的Exiguobacterium indicum OMCW-10菌株，在Cr6+污染的土壤中，在50天内将Cr6+还原为Cr3+的比例为88.94%，对1800 ppm的Cr6+毒性表现出抗性。先进的分析技术，如扫描电子显微镜与能量色散x射线光谱（SEM-EDX），发现Cr存在于细菌表面，衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）显示羟基，烷烃，胺，酰胺和醚官能团参与Cr结合，作为电子供体，并通过拉曼光谱证实将Cr6+还原为Cr3+。x射线衍射（XRD）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析。在共培养的第3天、第5天和第7天，大肠杆菌OMCW-10释放抗菌化合物，对稻瘟病菌径向生长的抑制作用分别为50%、47%和40%。在25-35℃、16小时光照/10小时黑暗和80 - 85%相对湿度条件下，用108 CFU/mL籼稻稻稻OMCW-10诱导水稻幼苗，增强了OsNPR1、OsWRKY45和OsPR10等防御基因的表达，使水稻幼苗对稻瘟菌具有更早、更快的系统性获得性抗性（SAR），使稻瘟病灶大小、细胞损伤、ROS生成减少≥83.3%，保护叶绿素不被降解。在M. oryzae侵染后，维持了水稻叶片和鞘膜的完整性，限制了侵入性菌丝的形成。这些发现表明，含有籼稻E. OMCW-10的生物引物Swarna品种降低了稻瘟病的严重程度。这种生态友好型菌株也可以作为Cr6+在污染土壤中的生物修复替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Oleo gum resin extracts of Commiphora wightii negatively impact the activity of recombinant human lipoprotein lipase 油胶树脂提取物对重组人脂蛋白脂肪酶活性有负面影响

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103872

Piyush Wamanrao Ghoshe, Anuraga Pathmarajan, Gopi Vidyasagar, Veeraraghavan Priyanka, Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar, Dronamraju V.L. Sarada

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, and its dysfunction is strongly associated with obesity, a major contributor to metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. Current anti-obesity treatments pose significant challenges, including reduced efficacy and undesirable side effects, driving interest towards safer natural alternatives. Oleo-gum resin (OGR) of Commiphora wightii, an important herb in Ayurvedic medicine, with established lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity properties. In the present study, extracts of OGR were prepared using solvents of increasing polarity and the phytochemical constituents were analyzed. All the extracts were then analyzed for inhibition of recombinant human LPL using p-nitro phenyl butyrate as substrate. Kinetics of inhibition of rhLPL by ethanolic extract indicated effective inhibition of recombinant human LPL (rhLPL) (59.42 %), and the mode of inhibition was identified as non-competitive with an effective dose 50 (ED₅₀) of 45 μg/mL. LC-MS/MS profiling of the ethanolic extract led to the identification of potential metabolites with rhLPL inhibitory activity. Further, the ethanolic extract showed excellent antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. Selected compounds were subjected to molecular docking to determine the interactions with human LPL. Based on the docking score Triphenylphosphine-oxide O-benzyl-L-serine and tyramine proved to be promising ligands. Inhibition of rhLPL activity and providing strong antioxidant effects suggests and the docking scores of identified indicate that the components of OGR may serve as leads for development of therapeutic compounds.

脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL）是脂质代谢的关键酶，其功能障碍与肥胖密切相关，肥胖是代谢紊乱和心血管疾病的主要原因。目前的抗肥胖治疗面临重大挑战，包括疗效降低和不良副作用，促使人们对更安全的天然替代品产生兴趣。印度草药中重要的草药白木油胶树脂（OGR）具有降脂、抗炎和抗肥胖的特性。在本研究中，采用极性递增的溶剂制备了OGR提取物，并分析了其植物化学成分。然后以对硝基丁酸苯酯为底物，分析所有提取物对重组人LPL的抑制作用。乙醇提取物对重组人LPL （rhLPL）的抑制率为59.42%，抑制模式为非竞争性，有效剂量为45 μg/mL。对乙醇提取物进行LC-MS/MS分析，鉴定出具有rhLPL抑制活性的潜在代谢物。此外，乙醇提取物在2,2-二苯基-1-苦味酰肼和铁还原抗氧化能力试验中表现出优异的抗氧化活性。选定的化合物进行分子对接，以确定与人LPL的相互作用。根据对接评分，三苯基膦-氧化物o -苄基- l-丝氨酸和酪胺被证明是有前途的配体。对rhLPL活性的抑制和提供强大的抗氧化作用表明，鉴定的对接分数表明，OGR成分可能作为开发治疗性化合物的先导。

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引用次数: 0

Formulation of polysaccharide based covalent immobilizers via phycocyanin grafting 藻蓝蛋白接枝制备多糖基共价固定化剂

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103883

Marwa I. Wahba

Phycocyanin (PCN), a naturally procured protein-chromophore complex, was utilized, for the first time, to formulate covalent immobilizers. This was accomplished via grafting three polysaccharide beads (alginate (Alg), amidated pectin, and gellan gum) with PCN followed by glutaraldehyde (GA). The GA-PCN-Alg immobilizers provided the foremost immobilized β-galactosidase (iβGL) activity. Thus, their GA-PCN grafting was optimized via the Box-Behnken Design (BBD), which disclosed that PCN should be adopted at pH 7.1 and at a 3.7 % (w/w) concentration whereas GA should be adopted at a 5.8 % (v/v) concentration. The GA-PCN grafting of the Alg beads was inspected via SEM and FTIR. Afterwards, the pH and temperature profiles of the free and the GA-PCN-Alg iβGLs were inspected. It was also disclosed that the GA-PCN-Alg significantly promoted the iβGL solvent stability versus methanol, acetone, and DMF. Moreover, the iβGL kept 50.89 % activity after reinspecting its activity for 15 constitutive times. Finally, the GA-PCN-Alg iβGL was adopted to breakdown whey permeate (WP) lactose, and it broke down 80.53 % of the lactose. Moreover, it kept 84.03 % of its activity during the 5th 24 h WP degradation cycle.

藻蓝蛋白（PCN）是一种天然获得的蛋白质-发色团复合物，首次被用于制备共价固定化剂。这是通过接枝三种多糖珠（海藻酸盐（Alg），改性果胶和结冷胶）与PCN，然后戊二醛（GA）。GA-PCN-Alg固定化剂提供了最高的固定化β-半乳糖苷酶（i - β gl）活性。因此，通过Box-Behnken设计（BBD）对他们的GA-PCN接枝进行了优化，结果表明PCN应在pH 7.1和3.7 （w/w）浓度下采用，而GA应在5.8% （v/v）浓度下采用。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FTIR）检测了GA-PCN接枝的效果。随后，检测了游离gls和ga - pcn - algi - β gls的pH和温度变化。GA-PCN-Alg对甲醇、丙酮和DMF的溶剂稳定性有显著的促进作用。15次复测后，iβGL的活性保持在50.89%。最后，采用GA-PCN-Alg - β gl分解乳清渗透（WP）乳糖，其分解率为80.53%。在第5个24 h降解循环中，其活性保持了84.03%。

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引用次数: 0