Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献_第8页

The effect of conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods on phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Indonesian brown seaweeds (Sargassum duplicatum, Turbinaria ornata and Padina australis) 常规提取和超声辅助提取对印尼褐藻（马尾藻、鸟Turbinaria ornata和南蹄草）植物化学成分、抗氧化及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的影响

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103861

Muhammad Kurnia Akbari , Yulia Anita , Antonius Herry Cahyana , Nina Artanti , Hakiki Melanie , Bahrun , Tuti Wukirsari

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global health crisis exacerbated by oxidative stress, requires long-term therapeutic solutions. This study aims to examine the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the methanolic extract derived from three Indonesian brown seaweed species—Sargassum duplicatum, Turbinaria ornata, and Padina australis. The study employs methanol-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) compared to conventional extraction (CE) methods. The yield, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content, antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assay), and α-glucosidase inhibition were assessed and analyzed. The chemical profiles of the extracts were investigated using LC-HRMS/MS. Molecular docking was carried out using the AutoDock-Tools software with the isomaltase α-glucosidase protein receptor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PDB ID: 3A4A) with seven preferred ligands from metabolomic analysis using LC-HRMS/MS. The findings demonstrate that CE outperformed UAE in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, and α-glucosidase inhibition. Among the species examined, S. duplicatum demonstrated the highest antioxidant and antidiabetic activity, especially when extracted using CE method. Metabolomic analysis using LC-HRMS/MS on methanol extracts of three brown seaweed species showed fucoxanthin, amino acids, nucleosides, fatty acids, terpenoids, and phenolics. The molecular docking showed kirenol and eudesmin have the best binding affinity of ligand-protein complexes. The results indicate that S. duplicatum provides bioactive compounds that mitigate oxidative stress and hyperglycemia, highlighting the potential of tropical marine biodiversity for the development of seaweed-based medicines.

糖尿病（DM）是一种由氧化应激加剧的全球性健康危机，需要长期治疗解决方案。本研究旨在研究三种印度尼西亚褐藻——马尾藻、鸟Turbinaria ornata和南海草的甲醇提取物的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。与传统提取（CE）方法相比，该研究采用基于甲醇的超声辅助提取（UAE）。对其产率、总酚（TPC）和类黄酮（TFC）含量、抗氧化活性（DPPH、ABTS和FRAP）和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用进行了评价和分析。采用LC-HRMS/MS对提取物的化学成分进行分析。利用AutoDock-Tools软件与酿酒酵母异麦糖酶α-葡萄糖苷酶蛋白受体（PDB ID: 3A4A）进行分子对接，并利用LC-HRMS/MS对代谢组学分析得到的7个优选配体进行对接。结果表明，CE在总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、抗氧化活性和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力方面优于UAE。其中，双星藤具有最高的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性，特别是用CE法提取时。利用LC-HRMS/MS对3种褐藻甲醇提取物进行代谢组学分析，发现其中含有岩藻黄素、氨基酸、核苷、脂肪酸、萜类和酚类物质。分子对接结果表明，基烯醇和芡实素具有最佳的配体-蛋白复合物结合亲和力。结果表明，双头海参提供了减轻氧化应激和高血糖的生物活性化合物，突出了热带海洋生物多样性在开发基于海藻的药物方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Hepatoprotective potential of Salacia oblonga root against antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity: An in vivo approach 黄芩根对抗结核药物肝毒性的保护作用：体内研究

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103874

Sumbul Qidwai, Asad Ahmad, Mohammad Shariq, Anas Islam, Mohammad Khushtar

Herbal medicines are traditionally used for hepatoprotection, yet scientific validation remains essential. The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of Salacia oblonga roots (SOR) against isoniazid (50 mg/kg) and rifampicin (100 mg/kg)–induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were divided into five groups: normal control (saline), toxic control (INH + RIF), low-dose SOR (250 mg/kg) high-dose SOR (500 mg/kg), and standard (silymarin 100 mg/kg). Treatments were administered orally for 14 days. Biochemical analyzes showed that high-dose SOR significantly reduced serum ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, liver weight, and relative liver weight, while restoring final body weight and total protein levels compared to toxic controls. The hepatoprotective effect of SOR (500 mg/kg) was comparable, although slightly less potent, than that of silymarin. Antioxidant assays demonstrated improved levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH with a reduction in lipid peroxidation, supporting the attenuation of oxidative stress. Histopathological observations confirmed preservation of hepatic architecture in the SOR and silymarin treated groups. Furthermore, LC-MS profiling revealed phenolic and flavonoid derivatives, while ICP–MS analysis confirmed the presence of essential elements such as Mg, Ca, Fe and Cu, and negligible levels of toxic heavy metals, thus strengthening the phytochemical characterization and safety evaluation. These findings suggest that S. oblonga root extract exerts hepatoprotective effects by modulating oxidative stress and biochemical alterations in antitubercular drug–induced hepatotoxicity.

草药传统上用于保护肝脏，但科学验证仍然是必不可少的。本研究对异烟肼（50 mg/kg）和利福平（100 mg/kg）对Sprague-Dawley大鼠肝毒性的保护作用进行了评价。将小鼠分为正常对照组（生理盐水）、中毒对照组（INH + RIF）、低剂量组（250 mg/kg）、高剂量组（500 mg/kg）和标准组（水飞蓟素100 mg/kg）。口服治疗14天。生化分析显示，与中毒对照组相比，高剂量SOR显著降低血清ALT、AST、ALP、总胆红素、肝脏重量和相对肝脏重量，同时恢复最终体重和总蛋白水平。SOR （500 mg/kg）的肝保护作用与水飞蓟素相当，但效力略弱。抗氧化实验表明，SOD、CAT和GSH水平提高，脂质过氧化降低，支持氧化应激的减弱。组织病理学观察证实，SOR组和水飞蓟素组肝脏结构得以保留。此外，LC-MS分析发现了酚类和类黄酮衍生物，而ICP-MS分析证实了必需元素如Mg、Ca、Fe和Cu的存在，以及可忽略的有毒重金属含量，从而加强了植物化学表征和安全性评价。上述结果提示，长叶参提取物通过调节抗结核药物肝毒性的氧化应激和生化变化，发挥保护肝的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Green synthesis of chitosan–silver nanoparticles using Lannea coromandelica: A synergistic in vitro and in vivo approach for accelerated wound healing in BALB/c mice 绿色合成壳聚糖-银纳米颗粒：体外和体内加速BALB/c小鼠伤口愈合的协同方法

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103876

Mydhili Govindarasu , Manju Vaiyapuri , Muthu Thiruvengadam

Chronic and acute skin wounds present a significant clinical challenge, imposing considerable financial and societal burdens due to complications related to delayed healing. Effective wound management requires precise regulation of inflammatory pathways and robust antimicrobial strategies to prevent infection. In this study, we reported a novel, eco-friendly and cost-effective green synthesis approach to develop chitosan–silver nanoparticles (CS-LC AgNPs) using Lannea coromandelica bark extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were extensively characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm crystallinity, FTIR to identify functional group interactions, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDAX) to assess morphology and elemental composition. The unique combination of chitosan's biocompatibility with the phytochemical reducing and stabilizing properties of L. coromandelica resulted in CS-LC AgNPs with enhanced antimicrobial activity. Their efficacy was assessed using a zone of inhibition (ZOI) assay against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which demonstrated strong bactericidal effsects. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, the nanoparticles produced maximum ZOI values of 20 mm and 23 mm for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively, highlighting their potent antimicrobial properties. In vivo wound healing studies demonstrated that topical application of CS-LC AgNPs significantly accelerated wound closure, achieving a remarkable healing efficiency of 95.68 ± 1.29 % by day 14, surpassing CS-LC AgNPs treatment outcomes. Histopathological analysis further supported these findings, showing enhanced granulation tissue formation, increased collagen deposition, and accelerated re-epithelialization. Overall, the results underscore the therapeutic potential of CS-LC AgNPs as a promising candidate for the development of next-generation, herbal-based nanoparticle formulations for advanced wound care applications.

慢性和急性皮肤伤口是一项重大的临床挑战，由于与延迟愈合相关的并发症，造成了相当大的经济和社会负担。有效的伤口管理需要精确调节炎症途径和强有力的抗菌策略来预防感染。在这项研究中，我们报道了一种新颖的、环保的、经济的绿色合成方法，以lanea coromandelica树皮提取物为原料制备壳聚糖-银纳米颗粒（CS-LC AgNPs）。合成的纳米颗粒通过x射线衍射（XRD）来确定结晶度，FTIR来确定官能团的相互作用，扫描电子显微镜（SEM-EDAX）来评估形貌和元素组成。壳聚糖的生物相容性与L. coromandelica植物化学还原和稳定特性的独特结合，使CS-LC AgNPs具有增强的抗菌活性。对铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行了抑菌区（ZOI）试验，结果表明其具有较强的杀菌效果。在浓度为100 μg/mL时，纳米颗粒对铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最大ZOI值分别为20 mm和23 mm，显示出其强大的抗菌性能。体内创面愈合研究表明，局部应用CS-LC AgNPs可显著加速创面愈合，在第14天达到95.68±1.29%的显著愈合效率，超过了CS-LC AgNPs的治疗效果。组织病理学分析进一步支持这些发现，显示肉芽组织形成增强，胶原沉积增加，再上皮化加速。总的来说，这些结果强调了CS-LC AgNPs的治疗潜力，它是开发下一代草药纳米颗粒配方的有希望的候选物，可用于高级伤口护理应用。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated management of hexavalent chromium stress and blast pathogenesis in rice using Exiguobacterium indicum OMCW-10 利用indicum Exiguobacterium OMCW-10综合治理水稻六价铬胁迫和稻瘟病发病机制

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103879

Arya Kumar Dibyananda Naik , Debasish Pati , Monika Priyadarshanee , Reecha Mohapatra , Rishi Kesh , Ramesh Namdeo Pudake , Surajit Das , Binod Bihari Sahu

Exiguobacterium indicum OMCW-10, a naturally occurring Cr⁶⁺ resistant bacterial strain isolated from a chromite mine, reduced 88.94 % of Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺ within 50 days in Cr⁶⁺ contaminated soil and demonstrated resistance to 1800 ppm of Cr⁶⁺ toxicity. Advanced analytical techniques, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy fitted with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), revealed the presence of Cr on the bacterial surface, Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) showed the involvement of hydroxyl, alkanes, amines, amides, and ether functional groups involved in Cr binding, act as an electron donor and reduced Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺ confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. E. indicum OMCW-10 also released antimicrobial compounds and inhibited the radial growth of the blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae by 50 %, 47 %, and 40 % on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days of co-cultivation, respectively. Rice seedlings primed with 10⁸ CFU/mL of E. indicum OMCW-10 at 25–35 °C with 16h light/10h dark and 80–85 % relative humidity enhanced the expression of defense genes like OsNPR1, OsWRKY45, and OsPR10, which provided early and faster Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) against M. oryzae pathogen and ≥83.3 % reduction in blast lesion size, cellular damage, ROS generation, protect the chlorophyll from degradation, maintained the membrane integrity and limited the invasive mycelia formation in rice leaves and sheath upon M. oryzae infection. These findings highlight that a bio-primed Swarna cultivar with E. indicum OMCW-10 reduces rice blast severity. This eco-friendly bacterial strain can also be used as a substitute for Cr⁶⁺ bioremediation in polluted soil.

从铬铁矿中分离出的耐Cr6+的Exiguobacterium indicum OMCW-10菌株，在Cr6+污染的土壤中，在50天内将Cr6+还原为Cr3+的比例为88.94%，对1800 ppm的Cr6+毒性表现出抗性。先进的分析技术，如扫描电子显微镜与能量色散x射线光谱（SEM-EDX），发现Cr存在于细菌表面，衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）显示羟基，烷烃，胺，酰胺和醚官能团参与Cr结合，作为电子供体，并通过拉曼光谱证实将Cr6+还原为Cr3+。x射线衍射（XRD）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析。在共培养的第3天、第5天和第7天，大肠杆菌OMCW-10释放抗菌化合物，对稻瘟病菌径向生长的抑制作用分别为50%、47%和40%。在25-35℃、16小时光照/10小时黑暗和80 - 85%相对湿度条件下，用108 CFU/mL籼稻稻稻OMCW-10诱导水稻幼苗，增强了OsNPR1、OsWRKY45和OsPR10等防御基因的表达，使水稻幼苗对稻瘟菌具有更早、更快的系统性获得性抗性（SAR），使稻瘟病灶大小、细胞损伤、ROS生成减少≥83.3%，保护叶绿素不被降解。在M. oryzae侵染后，维持了水稻叶片和鞘膜的完整性，限制了侵入性菌丝的形成。这些发现表明，含有籼稻E. OMCW-10的生物引物Swarna品种降低了稻瘟病的严重程度。这种生态友好型菌株也可以作为Cr6+在污染土壤中的生物修复替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Oleo gum resin extracts of Commiphora wightii negatively impact the activity of recombinant human lipoprotein lipase 油胶树脂提取物对重组人脂蛋白脂肪酶活性有负面影响

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103872

Piyush Wamanrao Ghoshe, Anuraga Pathmarajan, Gopi Vidyasagar, Veeraraghavan Priyanka, Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar, Dronamraju V.L. Sarada

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, and its dysfunction is strongly associated with obesity, a major contributor to metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. Current anti-obesity treatments pose significant challenges, including reduced efficacy and undesirable side effects, driving interest towards safer natural alternatives. Oleo-gum resin (OGR) of Commiphora wightii, an important herb in Ayurvedic medicine, with established lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity properties. In the present study, extracts of OGR were prepared using solvents of increasing polarity and the phytochemical constituents were analyzed. All the extracts were then analyzed for inhibition of recombinant human LPL using p-nitro phenyl butyrate as substrate. Kinetics of inhibition of rhLPL by ethanolic extract indicated effective inhibition of recombinant human LPL (rhLPL) (59.42 %), and the mode of inhibition was identified as non-competitive with an effective dose 50 (ED₅₀) of 45 μg/mL. LC-MS/MS profiling of the ethanolic extract led to the identification of potential metabolites with rhLPL inhibitory activity. Further, the ethanolic extract showed excellent antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. Selected compounds were subjected to molecular docking to determine the interactions with human LPL. Based on the docking score Triphenylphosphine-oxide O-benzyl-L-serine and tyramine proved to be promising ligands. Inhibition of rhLPL activity and providing strong antioxidant effects suggests and the docking scores of identified indicate that the components of OGR may serve as leads for development of therapeutic compounds.

脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL）是脂质代谢的关键酶，其功能障碍与肥胖密切相关，肥胖是代谢紊乱和心血管疾病的主要原因。目前的抗肥胖治疗面临重大挑战，包括疗效降低和不良副作用，促使人们对更安全的天然替代品产生兴趣。印度草药中重要的草药白木油胶树脂（OGR）具有降脂、抗炎和抗肥胖的特性。在本研究中，采用极性递增的溶剂制备了OGR提取物，并分析了其植物化学成分。然后以对硝基丁酸苯酯为底物，分析所有提取物对重组人LPL的抑制作用。乙醇提取物对重组人LPL （rhLPL）的抑制率为59.42%，抑制模式为非竞争性，有效剂量为45 μg/mL。对乙醇提取物进行LC-MS/MS分析，鉴定出具有rhLPL抑制活性的潜在代谢物。此外，乙醇提取物在2,2-二苯基-1-苦味酰肼和铁还原抗氧化能力试验中表现出优异的抗氧化活性。选定的化合物进行分子对接，以确定与人LPL的相互作用。根据对接评分，三苯基膦-氧化物o -苄基- l-丝氨酸和酪胺被证明是有前途的配体。对rhLPL活性的抑制和提供强大的抗氧化作用表明，鉴定的对接分数表明，OGR成分可能作为开发治疗性化合物的先导。

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引用次数: 0

Formulation of polysaccharide based covalent immobilizers via phycocyanin grafting 藻蓝蛋白接枝制备多糖基共价固定化剂

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103883

Marwa I. Wahba

Phycocyanin (PCN), a naturally procured protein-chromophore complex, was utilized, for the first time, to formulate covalent immobilizers. This was accomplished via grafting three polysaccharide beads (alginate (Alg), amidated pectin, and gellan gum) with PCN followed by glutaraldehyde (GA). The GA-PCN-Alg immobilizers provided the foremost immobilized β-galactosidase (iβGL) activity. Thus, their GA-PCN grafting was optimized via the Box-Behnken Design (BBD), which disclosed that PCN should be adopted at pH 7.1 and at a 3.7 % (w/w) concentration whereas GA should be adopted at a 5.8 % (v/v) concentration. The GA-PCN grafting of the Alg beads was inspected via SEM and FTIR. Afterwards, the pH and temperature profiles of the free and the GA-PCN-Alg iβGLs were inspected. It was also disclosed that the GA-PCN-Alg significantly promoted the iβGL solvent stability versus methanol, acetone, and DMF. Moreover, the iβGL kept 50.89 % activity after reinspecting its activity for 15 constitutive times. Finally, the GA-PCN-Alg iβGL was adopted to breakdown whey permeate (WP) lactose, and it broke down 80.53 % of the lactose. Moreover, it kept 84.03 % of its activity during the 5th 24 h WP degradation cycle.

藻蓝蛋白（PCN）是一种天然获得的蛋白质-发色团复合物，首次被用于制备共价固定化剂。这是通过接枝三种多糖珠（海藻酸盐（Alg），改性果胶和结冷胶）与PCN，然后戊二醛（GA）。GA-PCN-Alg固定化剂提供了最高的固定化β-半乳糖苷酶（i - β gl）活性。因此，通过Box-Behnken设计（BBD）对他们的GA-PCN接枝进行了优化，结果表明PCN应在pH 7.1和3.7 （w/w）浓度下采用，而GA应在5.8% （v/v）浓度下采用。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FTIR）检测了GA-PCN接枝的效果。随后，检测了游离gls和ga - pcn - algi - β gls的pH和温度变化。GA-PCN-Alg对甲醇、丙酮和DMF的溶剂稳定性有显著的促进作用。15次复测后，iβGL的活性保持在50.89%。最后，采用GA-PCN-Alg - β gl分解乳清渗透（WP）乳糖，其分解率为80.53%。在第5个24 h降解循环中，其活性保持了84.03%。

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of antioxidative and UV-responsive genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe by Streptomyces-derived eumelanin 链霉菌源真黑素对裂糖菌抗氧化和紫外线应答基因的调控

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103882

Orhinta Mutiara Jati, Rika Indri Astuti, Aris Tri Wahyudi

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation damages DNA through direct absorption by DNA and generates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) from other biochemical interactions. Eumelanin from Streptomyces sp. NTB 42 has been reported to have antioxidative and photoprotective activities. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and photoprotective activities of eumelanin derived from Streptomyces sp. NTB 42 by assessing the viability of Schizosaccharomyces pombe ARC039 as a model organism under oxidative stress and UV exposure. Antioxidant activity was tested in vitro using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and cellularly against S. pombe with spot assay. Furthermore, the expression of antioxidative genes (ctt1, sod1, sod2) and housekeeping gene act1 was analyzed using qRT-PCR. Anti-UV activity was evaluated by photoprotection assay (UV-C and UV-B irradiation) using a model organism. The expression of anti-UV genes (ptr8, rad15, ssl1, rad13, tfb1, uve1) and housekeeping gene act1 was analyzed to identify the activation of DNA repair pathways. The results showed that eumelanin NTB 42, with concentrations of 58 μg/mL (IC₅₀ DPPH) and 14 μg/mL (0.25 × IC₅₀ DPPH), was able to increase cell viability under oxidative stress conditions and induce antioxidative gene expression. Eumelanin (200 μg/mL) also induced DNA repair genes in the Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) and UVDE-dependent Excision Repair (UVER) pathways. The modulation of gene expression was even detected before UV exposure, suggesting the preventive potential of eumelanin NTB 42 in mitigating DNA damage. These findings strengthen the position of eumelanin as a bioactive candidate for genetic protection against oxidative stress and UV radiation.

紫外线（UV）辐射通过DNA的直接吸收破坏DNA，并通过其他生化相互作用产生活性氧（ROS）。据报道，来自链霉菌sp. NTB 42的真黑素具有抗氧化和光保护活性。本研究旨在通过评价裂糖菌（Schizosaccharomyces pombe ARC039）作为模式生物在氧化应激和紫外线照射下的生存能力，来评价产自Streptomyces sp. NTB 42的真黑素的抗氧化和光保护活性。采用2,2-二苯基-1-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH）法测定其体外抗氧化活性，斑点法测定其对pombe的细胞抗氧化活性。利用qRT-PCR分析抗氧化基因ctt1、sod1、sod2和管家基因act1的表达。采用模式生物的光保护实验（UV-C和UV-B照射）评价抗紫外线活性。分析抗紫外线基因（ptr8, rad15, ssl1, rad13, tfb1, uve1）和管家基因act1的表达，以确定DNA修复途径的激活。结果表明，58 μg/mL （IC50 DPPH）和14 μg/mL （0.25 × IC50 DPPH）浓度的真黑素NTB 42能够提高氧化应激条件下的细胞活力，诱导抗氧化基因表达。真黑素（200 μg/mL）也诱导DNA修复基因进入核苷酸切除修复（NER）和uvde依赖性切除修复（UVER）途径。基因表达的调节甚至在紫外线照射前就被检测到，这表明真黑素NTB 42在减轻DNA损伤方面具有预防潜力。这些发现加强了真黑素作为抗氧化应激和紫外线辐射遗传保护的生物活性候选物的地位。

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引用次数: 0

Cynanchum acutum L. ethanolic fruit extract induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 human liver cancer cells via programmed cell death signaling pathways 枸杞乙醇果提取物通过程序性细胞死亡信号通路诱导HepG2人肝癌细胞周期阻滞和凋亡

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103885

Md Abdus Samad , Iftikhar Ahmad , Sameer Ahmad , Torki A. Zughaibi , Mohammad Hassan Alhashmi , Alaa M.S. Khedr , Fahad A. Al-Abbasi , Samina Wasi , Shams Tabrez

Cynanchum acutum L. is a traditional medicinal plant known for its diverse pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative and apoptotic potential of the ethanolic extract of C. acutum L. fruits on liver cancer cells (HepG2), while assessing its safety in a normal human lung fibroblast cells (PCS-201-013). Comprehensive phytochemical profiling using HPLC-UV and LC-Ion trap-ESI-MS revealed, isovitexin (1407.5 mcg/g) and epicatechin (1175.3 mcg/g) as the dominant flavonoids, alongside substantial amounts of O-caffeic acid (170.4 mcg/g), orientin (162.6 mcg/g). In addition, vitexin (29.8 mcg/g), rutin (17.7 mcg/g), iso-orientin (21.2 mcg/g), and chlorogenic acid (15.6 mcg/g) were found in modest concentrations in dried fruit powder. The MTT assay exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxicity with an IC₅₀ value of 40 μg/mL, while showing minimal toxicity toward normal fibroblast cells. It significantly suppressed cell migration and colony formation ability, indicating both anti-metastatic and antiproliferative effects. Moreover, the fruit extract resulted in mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased ROS production in a dose-dependent manner. We also observed simultaneous cell cycle arrest at G1/S and G2/M phases and a significant increase in apoptotic cell populations (5.23 %–42.2 %). Collectively, these results highlight C. acutum fruit extract potential against the studied liver cancer cells. The presence of compounds, such as isovitexin and related flavonoids may have contributed to the observed effects. Future work will focus on isolating these compounds and conducting more detailed mechanistic and in vivo studies.

银杏是一种传统药用植物，具有抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化等多种药理活性。本研究旨在评估枸杞果实乙醇提取物对肝癌细胞（HepG2）的抗增殖和凋亡潜力，同时评估其对正常人肺成纤维细胞（PCS-201-013）的安全性。利用HPLC-UV和lc -离子阱- esi - ms对黄酮类化合物进行综合分析，发现黄酮类化合物主要为异荆荆苷（1407.5 mcg/g）和表儿茶素（1175.3 mcg/g），同时还含有大量的o -咖啡酸（170.4 mcg/g）和荭草苷（162.6 mcg/g）。此外，干果粉中还含有适量的牡荆素（29.8 mcg/g）、芦丁（17.7 mcg/g）、异荭草苷（21.2 mcg/g）和绿原酸（15.6 mcg/g）。MTT试验显示出剂量依赖性的细胞毒性，IC50值为40 μg/mL，而对正常成纤维细胞的毒性最小。它能显著抑制细胞迁移和集落形成能力，表明其具有抗转移和抗增殖作用。此外，果实提取物导致线粒体膜去极化，并以剂量依赖的方式增加ROS的产生。我们还观察到细胞周期同时在G1/S和G2/M期停滞，凋亡细胞群显著增加（5.23% - 42.2%）。综上所述，这些结果突出了丁香果提取物对所研究的肝癌细胞的潜在作用。化合物的存在，如异牡荆素和相关的类黄酮可能有助于观察到的效果。未来的工作将集中于分离这些化合物，并进行更详细的机制和体内研究。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative efficacy of the recently identified entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema indicum, with other native nematodes against the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in potato crops 新发现的昆虫病原线虫indicum与其他本地线虫对马铃薯黑斑蛾（Agrotis ipsilon, Hufnagel）的防治效果比较

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103873

Aarthi Nekkanti , Jagadeesh Patil , Sonia Soni , Priyank Hanuman Mhatre , Manjunatha T. Gowda , B.S. Gotyal , S.N. Sushil

In India, potatoes are successfully grown under various agro-climatic conditions; however, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major biotic constraint in cultivation, causing considerable yield loss. This pest poses management challenges and leads to irreversible damage, as its larvae remain underground during the day, snipping young plants at the base and feeding only on the soft parts of the plant at night. Chemical insecticides are most commonly used to manage this pest; however, due to concerns about insecticide residues in potatoes, an alternative management strategy is necessary. In this context, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are one alternative option to chemical insecticides. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the virulence potential of newly discovered EPNs, S. indicum and other indigenous nematode species, against the larval and pupal stages of A. ipsilon. In the laboratory assays, Heterorhabditis indica caused significantly higher mortality rates in the third instar (47.5–100.0 %) and the fourth instar (40.0–100.0 %) larvae. Similarly, H. indica caused significantly higher mortality (72.5 %) in pupae, followed by Steinernema carpocapsae (62.5 %) and S. indicum (55.0 %). Larvae of A. ipsilon were more susceptible than pupae. Since the efficacy of EPN mainly depends on soil moisture, we also studied the effect of soil moisture on EPN efficacy against the larvae of A. ipsilon. All the nematode species tested in this study caused higher mortality in larvae at 13.0 % soil moisture content. Field experiment findings indicated that the application of H. indica and S. indicum at a rate of 2.5 × 10⁸ IJ ha⁻¹ resulted in an 85.0 % and 70.0 % reduction in the larval population of A. ipsilon, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that H. indica or S. indicum are viable alternatives to chlorpyrifos for the management of A. ipsilon in potatoes.

在印度，土豆在各种农业气候条件下都能成功种植；然而，益夜蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）是农业的主要生物限制，造成相当大的产量损失。这种害虫给管理带来了挑战，并导致了不可逆转的损害，因为它的幼虫白天留在地下，在基部剪断幼苗，晚上只吃植物的柔软部分。化学杀虫剂是控制这种害虫最常用的方法；然而，由于对马铃薯杀虫剂残留的担忧，有必要采取另一种管理策略。在这种情况下，昆虫病原线虫（epn）是化学杀虫剂的一种替代选择。因此，在本研究中，我们评估了新发现的EPNs， S. indicum和其他本地线虫物种对伊氏依蚊幼虫期和蛹期的毒力潜力。在实验室试验中，籼稻异虫病对3龄和4龄幼虫的死亡率分别为47.5% ~ 100.0%和40.0% ~ 100.0%。同样，印度稻蠹蛾对蛹的死亡率也显著高于印度稻蠹蛾（72.5%），其次是稻蠹蛾（62.5%）和印度稻蠹蛾（55.0%）。依蚊幼虫的易感程度高于蛹。由于EPN的药效主要取决于土壤湿度，因此我们还研究了土壤湿度对EPN对伊氏小蠊幼虫药效的影响。在土壤含水量为13.0%时，所有线虫的幼虫死亡率均较高。田间试验结果表明，施用2.5 × 108ijha - 1的籼稻和籼稻，可使伊氏螟幼虫数量分别减少85.0%和70.0%。因此，我们得出结论，籼稻稻粉虱或籼稻粉虱是毒死蜱的可行替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling the phytochemical and hypoglycaemic potential of the unconventional leafy vegetable Hellenia speciosa and Costus woodsonii in West Bengal 揭示了西孟加拉邦非常规叶菜Hellenia speciosa和Costus woodsonii的植物化学和降糖潜力

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103866

Varsha Mohanta , Reetapa Biswas , Tapan Seal

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential of Hellenia speciosa and Costus woodsonii leaves, focusing on the efficiency of different solvents viz. methanol, aqueous, and benzene, in extracting key bioactive compounds. Leaf samples were extracted with each solvent and analysed for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), reducing power, and free radical scavenging activities using DPPH and ABTS assays. RP-HPLC was used to identify phenolic acids and flavonoids, while α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays assessed anti-diabetic activity, with acarbose as the reference drug. Methanol extracts exhibited the highest extraction yields and concentrations of their bioactive compounds. In C. woodsonii, the methanolic extract showed the highest TPC (516.08 mg GAE/100 g), TFC (116.35 mg RE/100 g), and reducing power (51.75 mg AAE/100 g), followed by H. speciosa. Methanolic extracts of both species also showed the strongest DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities, indicating potent antioxidant effects. RP-HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of major antioxidant compounds including gallic acid, quercetin, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid. Notably, the aqueous extracts of both species demonstrated hypoglycaemic action, but C. woodsonii proved most potent, exhibiting significant inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC₅₀: 136.36 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC₅₀: 109.29 μg/mL), comparable to Acarbose. These results validate the traditional medicinal use of Costus species and suggest their potential as natural sources of antioxidant and anti-diabetic agents. Further research on their bioavailability, optimized extraction, and mechanisms of action is recommended to support their development into nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.

本研究旨在评价和比较希腊花和木香叶的抗氧化和抗糖尿病潜能，重点考察不同溶剂（甲醇、水溶剂和苯溶剂）对希腊花和木香叶中关键活性物质的提取效率。分别用不同的溶剂提取叶片样品，利用DPPH和ABTS测定叶片总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、还原力和自由基清除能力。以阿卡波糖为参比药，采用反相高效液相色谱法鉴定酚酸和黄酮类化合物，α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制法测定其抗糖尿病活性。甲醇提取物的提取率和浓度最高。木松醇提物TPC最高（516.08 mg GAE/100 g）， TFC最高（116.35 mg RE/100 g），还原力最高（51.75 mg AAE/100 g），其次是木松醇提物。两种植物的甲醇提取物对DPPH和ABTS的清除能力最强，具有较强的抗氧化作用。反相高效液相色谱分析证实了主要抗氧化化合物的存在，包括没食子酸、槲皮素、香草酸和阿魏酸。值得注意的是，两种植物的水提物均表现出降糖作用，但木木香的降糖作用最强，对α-淀粉酶（IC50: 136.36 μg/mL）和α-葡萄糖苷酶（IC50: 109.29 μg/mL）的抑制活性与阿卡波糖相当。这些结果证实了木香属植物的传统药用价值，并提示其作为抗氧化和抗糖尿病药物的天然来源的潜力。建议进一步研究其生物利用度，优化提取和作用机制，以支持其在营养保健和制药方面的应用。

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引用次数: 0