Battery Energy最新文献

Front Cover: In article number BTE2.20220064, P. W. Menezes and co-workers present a systematic summarization of the specific functional units involving electrodes, separators, interface modifiers, and electrolytes that metal-organic frameworks can act as in advanced secondary batteries as well as their related design strategies to underline their functions.

Back Cover: In article number BTE2.20220049, Zhihong Liu and co-workers have shown that A polyvinylene carbonate based quasi solid-state composite polymer electrolyte with high ionic conductivity is demonstrated for lithium-ion battery. Multiple function of SN induced the rapid transference of lithium ion in quasi solid-state composite polymer electrolyte.

Recycling lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is fundamental for resource recovery, reducing energy consumption, decreasing emissions, and minimizing environmental risks. The inherited properties of materials and design are not commonly attributed to the complexity of recycling LIBs and their effects on the recycling process. The state-of-the-art battery recycling methodology consequently suffers from poor recycling efficiency and high consumption from issues with the cathode and the binder material. As a feasibility study, high-energy-density cathode material LiFeMnPO₄ with a water-soluble polyacrylic acid (PAA) binder is extracted with dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature under oxidant-free conditions. The cathode is wholly leached with high purity and is suitable for reuse. The cathode is easily separated from its constituent materials and reduces material and energy consumption during recycling by 20% and 7%, respectively. This strategy is utilized to fabricate recyclable-oriented LiFeMnPO₄/graphite LIBs with a PAA binder and carbon paper current collector. Finally, the limitation of the solubility of the binder is discussed in terms of recycling. This research hopefully provides guidance for recycling-oriented design for the circular economy of the LIB industry.

The widespread promotion of the sulfur-based cathode is continuously threatened by the dissolution or slow kinetic reactions of polysulfides, resulting in a deterioration of capacity and volume expansion. Herein, a hierarchical imine-based covalent organic framework (COFs) with AA stacking structure is constructed as a sulfur host matrix. The one-dimensional channels in COF are decorated with polarized methoxy groups which can confine and immobilize sulfur species through weak interactions, alleviating the shuttle effect during the battery tests. The composite electrode (COF@S) is fabricated through the melt-diffusion method in one-pot synthesis and exhibits a slow fading rate (0.20% each cycle) in a 0.5 C stability test. A promising mechanism for constructing the cathode composite is demonstrated in lithium-sulfur chemistry in this work.

Silicon (Si)-based anodes have long been viewed as the next promising solution to improve the performance of modern lithium-ion batteries. However, the poor cycling stability of Si-based anodes impedes their application and calls for solutions for further improvements. In the present work, the incorporation of phosphate groups on the surface of an amorphous Si-carbon composite (a-Si/C) has been achieved by a hydrothermal reaction using phosphoric acid and sodium dihydrogen phosphate at pH = 2. Different levels of the surface P-doping have been realized using reaction times (2, 4, and 8 h) at two different phosphate concentrations. The presence of phosphate groups on the particle's surface has been confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy. The cycling stability of the P-treated a-Si/C composites has been significantly improved when using lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide as a salt in ether-based solvents mixture compared to a conventional electrolyte for Si-based anodes (LiPF₆ in carbonate-based solvents). Coulombic efficiencies as high as 99% have been reached after five charge/discharge cycles for almost all phosphate-treated materials. The 4 h P-treated a-Si/C composite electrode exhibits the best reversible capacity of 1598 mAh g⁻¹ after 200 cycles demonstrated in half-cells using an ether-based electrolyte.

Porous carbons with advanced nanostructures and volumetric performance are particularly attractive and essential for miniature supercapacitors to access high energy densities and capacitances, both for portable electronics and massive electrical equipments. However, the electrochemical performances and the pore structure are closely bound up, both restricted by pore volume and pore density. Herein, the wood slice (~0.7 mm) with the periodic porous structure is chosen as the basic framework with rich macropores and the graphene nanotube array (GNTA) with mesopores is used as an intermediate structure in situ synthesized to form the substructure in macropores; therefore, the biomass and nanotube array together construct a porous carbon with hierarchical pores and large surface area. On this basis, Cu-Co oxides are coated on the surface of the pores, to increase the capacitance of electrodes for supercapacitor applications. Because of the GNTA, the specific surface area increases from 38.2 to 1086.0 m² g⁻¹, which is quite helpful for the deposition of Cu-Co oxide nanosheets and effectively alleviates their typical self-stacking phenomenon. Meanwhile, the GNTA creates multiscale pores that served as channels for the rapid electron transfer and ion shuttling; as a result, the resistance obviously induces and capacitance increased by 131% (from 323.4 to 747.5 mF cm⁻²). For the assembled all-wood asymmetric supercapacitor, the specific capacitance is 151.2 F g⁻¹ (1 A g⁻¹), the energy density is 53.8 Wh kg⁻¹ with a power density of 900 W kg⁻¹, and the specific capacitance remains extremely stable during the cycling. Our work provides a practical structure–design strategy for high-performance supercapacitors.

Back Cover: In article number BTE.20220061, Yong Min Lee et al. found that single-ion conducting solid polymer electrolyte provides a well-connected ion pathway and a large contact area with active materials within the composite electrode, thereby exhibiting better electrochemical properties than the inorganic solid electrolyte-based electrode.

Front Cover: Developing super stability and long-span life of sodium ion batteries (SIBs) can significantly widen their practical applications. However, the low specific Na+ storage performance and poor cycle stability at large current density are still unsatisfactory. In article number BTE.20220046, Sun et al. reported a pine-derived carbon/SnS2@reduced graphene oxide film with fast ion/electron transport micro-channel, which was used as a SIB anode and cycled 800 times at 5 A g⁻¹. This work provides a novel design strategy for the application of biomass-derived carbon in energy storage.

Electrochemical batteries with organic electrode materials have attracted worldwide attention due to their high safety, low cost, renewability, low contamination, and easiness of recycling. However, the practical application of such system is limited by low density, low electronic/ionic conductivity, and the dissolution of organic electrode materials in conventional liquid electrolytes. Herein, a novel battery configuration is proposed to replace liquid electrolyte/solid organic cathode with solid electrolyte/liquid organic cathode to ultimately solve the shuttle effect and dissolution problem of organic cathodes. More importantly, this configuration combines room-temperature high-safety liquid lithium metal anode Li-BP-DME that can essentially inhibit lithium dendrite nucleation/growth and sulfide SE with ultrahigh room-temperature ionic conductivity for facilitated ion-conduction.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) integrate several advantages such as adjustable pore sizes, large specific surface areas, controllable geometrical morphology, and feasible surface modification. Benefiting from these appealing merits, MOFs have recently been extensively explored in the field of advanced secondary batteries. However, a systematic summarization of the specific functional units that these materials can act as in batteries as well as their related design strategies to underline their functions has not been perceived to date. Motivated by this point, this review dedicates to the elucidation of diverse functions of MOFs for batteries, which involve the electrodes, separators, interface modifiers, and electrolytes. Particularly, the main engineering strategies based on the physical and chemical features to enable their enhanced performance have been highlighted for the individual functions. In addition, perspectives and possible research questions in the future development of these materials have also been outlined. This review captures such progress ranging from fundamental understanding and optimized protocols to multidirectional applications of MOF-based materials in advanced secondary batteries.