Battery Energy最新文献

Currently, the rapidly growing population is producing hazardous waste materials at an unprecedented rate, which seriously affects the global environment. Additionally, increasing population and pollution have amplified the need for renewable energy and efficient energy-storage technologies. One strategy is to implement greener processes for efficiency and/or utilize the waste generated for useful domestic and industrial applications. In this context, here, we harnessed the most littered environmental pollutant, cigarette filter waste (CFW), to synthesize carbon nanomaterials (CNM) via a single-step pyrolysis process, devoid of any catalyst or activating agent, possessing optimal characteristics for serving as an active electrode material in the fabrication of cutting-edge supercapacitors, thereby addressing the issue of waste recycling and the need for energy storage devices among the populace. Supercapacitors, namely SC-1 to SC-4 matching electrolytes, 1M H₂SO₄, 2M H₂SO₄, 1M KOH, and 2M KOH, fabricated using CNM electrodes were evaluated. Among these, SC-2 exhibits superior performance, demonstrating a remarkable capacitance of 240 Fg^–1 at low scan rates (2 mVs^–1), an enhanced energy density (22.4 Whkg^–1), and commendable power density (399.43 Wkg^–1). Furthermore, SC-2 maintained 5000 cycles of outstanding stability with 97.8% capacitance retention. This study unveils the potential of CFW-derived CNMs as an electrode material for the realization of state-of-the-art supercapacitors.

This study introduces a novel composite cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), leveraging porous basil-derived activated carbon (BAC) and nanostructured manganese dioxide (MnO₂) synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal process. For the first time, basil-derived carbon is integrated with MnO₂, resulting in enhanced electrochemical performance. The MnO₂/BAC composite delivers a remarkable specific capacity of 237 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g, along with an energy density of 314 Wh/kg and a power density of 0.66 kW/kg, outperforming cathodes made from pristine MnO₂ or BAC. These improvements stem from reduced particle size and a synergistic balance of capacitive and diffusive charge storage mechanisms. Density functional theory calculations corroborate the experimental results, revealing the composite's superior quantum capacity (158.7 µC/cm²) and quantum capacitance (80.4 µF/cm²). Stability assessments highlight excellent cycle life, with > 90% capacity retention and 100% Coulombic efficiency over 300 cycles. The exceptional performance is attributed to the material's unique nanostructure, high surface area (1090 m²/g), and optimized porosity. Additionally, practical applications of ZIBs in pouch cell form using the MnO₂/BAC cathode are demonstrated, showcasing its capability to power a toy car over a satisfactory distance. This study establishes a new benchmark for sustainable and cost-effective cathode materials, significantly advancing ZIB technology for high-efficiency energy storage applications.

MXene materials exhibit outstanding pseudocapacitive performance, holding great potential for application in zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (Zn-HSCs). Exploring the effect of the surface terminal regulation on the performance of MXene is crucial yet challenging. In this study, the phosphorus-terminal groups (P─C and P─O) with a P concentration of 2.71 at% are successfully tailored and interlayer spacing is enhanced during the ultraviolet light irradiation process of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene, which is the first report of photoinduced P-doped MXene modification. Density functional theory calculations show that P doping is more likely to be adsorbed by ─O groups than to replace Ti vacancy, and the stability of the MXene electrode can be improved by the introduction of a phosphorus terminal. The resulting P-doped Ti₃C₂T_x MXene shows a significant increased pseudocapacitance performance, achieving superior results compared with traditional resistance furnace heating methods. The specific capacitance achieves 500.5 F g⁻¹, due to the ─P functional group and Ti atom double reoxidation sites. Furthermore, a Zn-HSC device of P-doped Ti₃C₂T_x exhibits a specific capacitance of 207.4 F g⁻¹ and energy densities of 56.5 Wh kg⁻¹. This study also provides valuable insights and a reference for the realization of phosphorus doping in other MXene materials.

Accurately estimating the battery's capacity over its cycle life is essential for ensuring its safety in applications, including transportation and the medical field, where specific power delivery is a key component for optimal output. Most research concerning lithium-ion health prediction utilizes current-voltage data or techniques that rely on modeling microscopic degradation. Acquisition of current-voltage data directly builds up degradation within the cell, and physics-based methods require high computational power. Recent research pivoted to using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for battery health prediction since it provides information-rich data while non-destructive to the cell. One major drawback of using EIS is the time it takes to acquire data, especially at lower frequencies where diffusion within the cell is prevalent. To address this, this investigation focuses on feature extraction, which creates a subset of data from a publicly available data set to contain the frequencies that are mostly correlated with degradation. Analysis shows that a simulated cell's state of health (SOH) can get as low as 0.94% MAPE using the two most correlated frequencies in the charge transfer (CT) region. This study provides a methodology to accurately predict the capacity and SOH while reducing the time needed to acquire EIS data by 93% for this case. This method also highlights the usefulness of a single-cell model for battery test bench applications.

Glass fiber (GF) is a widely used separator in zinc-metal batteries, and its geometrical configuration significantly affects the battery's cycle performance. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examine how the separator's geometry influences battery cycle life, which is determined by the competition between internal short circuits caused by Zn dendrite growth and the deteriorated charge transfer during repeated electrochemical cycling—both of which are affected by the separator's configuration. As the dominance of these failure mechanisms varies with battery processing parameters (e.g., cycling current density and capacity), the systematic study presented here offers guidance for separator choice in Zn metal batteries.

Photo-galvanic cells operate through photo-induced processes occurring in the electrolyte. Reported work has focused mainly on the electrochemical properties of complete electrolyte without any insight of the necessity of complete electrolyte and contribution of thermal processes and individual electrolyte components towards the electrical output. Therefore, in present research, the electrochemical properties of complete electrolyte and its individual chemical components (Amido black 10 B, Iso-amyl alcohol, H₃PO₄, KOH) have been investigated. It is observed that each chemical individually has some inherent electrical properties (zero or non-zero potential/current) due to thermal processes. Photo-illuminated complete electrolyte shows 13,750 μA current and 855 mV potential as a result of photogalvanics. In illuminated conditions, the role of thermal process in current/potential generation of about maximum possible 3715 μA/347 mV cannot be denied. Therefore, the rest current/potential generation, i.e., ~10,000 μA/500 mV may be attributed to photo-induced processes in the complete electrolyte. Thus, on the basis of these observations, it may be concluded that the reductant or sensitizer or alkali or surfactant individually shows only thermal-induced potential and current. But, the complete electrolyte is able to show photogalvanics (i.e., conversion of solar energy into electrical energy) in the presence of the sunlight. In photogalvanics, the obtained current and potential may be attributed to combined effect of thermal and photo-processes. Hence, it may be concluded that use of complete electrolyte in photo-galvanic cells is a necessary condition for harvesting solar energy commercially through photogalvanics. Photogalvanic cells based on complete electrolyte only may be of industrial relevance.

Aluminum-based aqueous batteries are considered one of the most promising candidates for the upcoming generation energy storage systems owing to their high mass and volume-specific capacity, high stability, and abundant reserves of Al. But the side reactions of self-corrosion and passive film severely impede the advancement of aluminum batteries. Besides, the ideal matched electrolyte system and cathode working mechanism still need to be explored. Herein, a high specific energy aqueous aluminum–manganese battery is constructed by interfacial modified aluminum anode, high concentration electrolyte and layered manganese dioxide cathode. At the anode, in addition to boosting the wettability of the interface between the electrolyte and aluminum electrode, the altered surface of aluminum anode can also retard side reactions. At the same time, high concentration electrolyte (5 mol L⁻¹ Al(OTF)₃) with a broad electrochemical window allows the battery system to attain a specific capacity of 452 mAh g⁻¹ at 50 mA g⁻¹ and an energy density of 542 Wh kg⁻¹, with greatly increased cycle stability. At the cathode, the mechanism investigation reveals that δ-MnO₂ is reduced to soluble Mn²⁺ during the first cycle discharge, whereas Al_xMn_(1−x)O₂ generates during the charging process, acting as a highly reversible active material in the succeeding cycle. This comprehensive study paves the way for the development of aluminum-based energy storage devices.

In recent years, researchers have increasingly sought batteries as an efficient and cost-effective solution for energy storage and supply, owing to their high energy density, low cost, and environmental resilience. However, the issue of dendrite growth has emerged as a significant obstacle in battery development. Excessive dendrite growth during charging and discharging processes can lead to battery short-circuiting, degradation of electrochemical performance, reduced cycle life, and abnormal exothermic events. Consequently, understanding the dendrite growth process has become a key challenge for researchers. In this study, we investigated dendrite growth mechanisms in batteries using a combined machine learning approach, specifically a two-dimensional artificial convolutional neural network (CNN) model, along with computational methods. We developed two distinct computer models to predict dendrite growth in batteries. The CNN-1 model employs standard CNN techniques for dendritic growth prediction, while CNN-2 integrates additional physical parameters to enhance model robustness. Our results demonstrate that CNN-2 significantly enhances prediction accuracy, offering deeper insights into the impact of physical factors on dendritic growth. This improved model effectively captures the dynamic nature of dendrite formation, exhibiting high accuracy and sensitivity. These findings contribute to the advancement of safer and more reliable energy storage systems.

Cobalt nickel sulfide (Ni-Co-S), a typical bimetallic sulfide, is regarded as a promising electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs). In this study, the electrodeposition process is employed to grow vertically aligned Ni-Co-S nanosheets on a carbon film (CF) substrate derived from cotton fabrics. The conductive and porous CF film not only ensures the uniform distribution of Ni-Co-S nanosheets but also offers an efficient pathway for the transportation of electrons and electrolyte ions. The Ni-Co-S nanosheet arrays, characterized by their small thickness and open pores, facilitate to provide a rapid diffusion path for electrolyte ions and expose sufficient active surfaces for charge storage. The synergistic effect resulting from the rational combination of Ni-Co-S nanosheets and the CF film substrate endows the film electrode with a high areal capacitance of 1800 mF cm⁻² at 2 mV s⁻¹ and remarkable mechanical flexibility. Furthermore, when an all-solid-state asymmetric SC device is assembled, a high energy density of 324.1 mWh cm⁻² is achieved at a power density of 2252.4 mW cm⁻².

Layered sodium oxides are considered one of the most promising cathode materials for Na-ion batteries. In article number BTE.70000, Jiming Peng, Youguo Huang, and Sijiang Hu reported in situ structural and electrochemical methods of studying the effect of using different reagents for synthesizing these oxides. The samples synthesized via MnCO₃-based precursors form the Li₂MnO₃ phase at evaluated temperature and perform better than those through MnO₂-based precursors. This study highlights the significance of reagents and milling methods in synthesizing layered oxides and will benefit the broad-scale commercialization of layered sodium oxides.